Where have all the pollinators gone?

Transcription

1 Where have all the pollinators gone?

2 Bat s Birds Wind Ants Flies (Order Dipteria) Wasp Beetles Butterflies and Moths (Order Lepidoptera)

3 Some are specific pollinators to a particular plant. Some are generalist pollinators that they go to a wide range of plants.

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5 Pollinate: Alfalfa Clover Mint

6 Pollinate: Blueberry

7 Pollinate: Eggplant Passion Flower Pepper Blueberry

8 Pollinate: Cotton Fruit trees

9 Pollinate: Almond Apple Sweet cherry Blueberry

10 Pollinate: Squash Pumpkin Gourds Cucurbits

11 Pollinate: Sunflower

12 Pollinate: Sunflower This bee was renamed.

13 Bumble Bee s Bombus Honey Bee s Apis

14 Yes Are expectations for pollination not being met? Has the habitat for the pollinator been removed? Was there a habitat for the pollinator in the beginning? What are we putting into our environment? Is the plant right for the environment?

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16 The same.. but different

17 Honey Bee Colony Mortality AIA Survey % % % 2010 Preliminary Reports Approximately 30%

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20 Agricultural Acres Planted With Pollinator Dependent Crops Has outpaced the availability of Pollinators.

21 Apiary Industry Under Siege From Pests, Diseases and Now Something Called CCD

22 The CCD Factor D. vanengelsdorp N. Rice D. vanengelsdorp N. Rice

23 The normal ratio of bees and brood in a Honey Bee colony is, in a rough general sense, 2 adult Honey Bees to 1 cell of sealed brood When the ratio reverses to 1 adult Honey Bee to 2-3 cells of sealed brood this is the latest definition of CCD D. vanengelsdorp

24 The queen is always present Have a very low number of varroa or absence of varroa tracheal mites are found in less than 10% of samples Nosema is found in less than 50% of samples

25 Not as many to 1998 over 200 swarms reported in Pensacola Vicinity thru 911. Present maybe 10 swarms per year. Why? Could it be Varroa mites? Could it be Small Hive Beetle? What about Bumble Bee s?

26 Neonictoids Imidacloprid is possibly the most widely used insecticide,. It is now applied against soil, seed, timber and animal pests as well as foliar treatments for crops including: cereals, cotton, grain, legumes, potatoes [, pome fruits, rice, turf and vegetables. It is systemic which is particularly effective against sucking insects and has a long residual activity. Germany banned seed treatment with neonicotinoids due to negative effects upon bee colonies.

27 Strawberry plant leaf with water droplets from Gutation.

28 Secretion of water on to the surface of leaves through specialized pores, or hydathodes. The process occurs most frequently during conditions of high humidity when the rate of transpiration is low. Drops of water found on grass in early morning are often the result of guttation, rather than dew. Sometimes the water contains minerals in solution, such as calcium, which leaves a white crust on the leaf surface as it dries.

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30 Another suspect is Mosquito Control Use Goundspray rigs Product name: Control 44 Contains: Permethrin and Pyretheroids No Malathion Bee Friendly

31 1/3 of our Diet directly 1/3 of our Diet indirectly

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36 Almonds

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40 you always need more

41 Honey Bees - Excellent Indicator of Environmental Pesticides Acephate Acetamiprid Aldicarb sulfone Aldicarb sulfoxide Allethrin Amicarbazone Amitraz (2,4-DMA) Amitraz (2,4-DMPF) Atrazine Azinophos-methyl Azoxystrobin Bendiocarb Bifenthrin Boscalid Captan Carbaryl Carbaryl (1-Naphthol) Carbendazim Carbofuran, 3-hydroxy Carfentrazone Chlorfenapyr Chlorothalonil Chlorpyrifos Coumaphos Coumaphos-Chlorferone Coumaphos oxon Cyfluthrin Cyhalothrin (total) Cypermethrin Cyprodinil Deltamethrin Diazinon Dicofol Difenoconazole Diflubenzuron Dimethomorph Diphenylamine Endosulfan 1 Endosulfan 2 Endosulfan sulfate Esfenvalerate Etoxazole Fenbuconazole Fenhexamid Fenpropathrin Fluvalinate Heptachlor Hexachlorobenzene Imidacloprid Imidacloprid olefin Imidacloprid, 5-hydroxy Indoxacarb Malathion Methidathion Methoxyfenozide Methyl parathion Metolachlor Metribuzin Myclobutanil Norflurazon Oxamyl Oxyfluorfen p,p'-dde Pendimethalin Permethrin Phosmet Pyraclostrobin Pyrethrins Pyrimethanil Quintozene (PCNB) Sethoxydim Simazine Tebuconazole Tebufenozide Tebuthiuron Tetramethrin Thiabendazole Thiacloprid Tribufos Trifloxystrobin Trifluralin Vinclozolin

42 Sub-lethal Exposure

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44 Primary Stress Varroa Mites Management Nutrition Pesticides Secondary Pathogens Nosema Fungi

45 Ecosystems Stability - Complex relationships - Interconnected elements species, water, soil - All groups/guilds are important and play critical roles - Balanced equilibrium ALSO - Dynamic; can change, respond to and often recover from negative inputs or damage

46 BUT the balance can be tipped resulting in a cascade of negative consequences = serious damage population declines? CCD?

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48 You, Me and all of your Neighbors know food comes from the grocery store.

49 40% of our Veggies will Come from Non- US sources by 2012 US will be a Net Food Importer in 50 years

50 The end Doug Corbin AGRICULTURE AND CONSUMER PROTECT SPEC FDACS, Div of Plant Industry Plant & Apiary Inspection Bureau 6095 OLD BAGDAD HWY, MILTON, FL Office: Cell: ***