Information System for In situ Conservation and On-farm Management of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

Transcription

1 Photo credit: SPC, Ronnie Vernooy, Landscapes for People, Food and Nature Initiative Information System for In situ Conservation and On-farm Management of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Document submitted to the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Presented by Elizabeth Arnaud and Jean-Louis Pham On the behalf of the co-authors ARCAD, 28 October 2014

2 Contributors (in alphabetical order): Elizabeth Arnaud (Bioversity International) Nora Castaneda Alvarez (International Center for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT) Ehsan Dulloo (Bioversity International) Adam G. Drucker (Bioversity International) Stef de Haan (International Potato Centre, CIP) Devra Jarvis (Bioversity International) Colin Khoury (International Center for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT) Jean Louis Pham (Agropolis Fondation and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD) Dag Terje Endresen (GBIF-Norway, Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo) Léo Valette (Bioversity International) Ronnie Vernooy (Bioversity International) Expression of support The Platform on Agrobiodiversity (PAR) Agropolis International UN Organization for Food and Agriculture (FAO)

3 What functions? Monitor the status of PGRFA in situ and on farm Crop Wild Relatives and Landraces, improved varieties Identification of promising varieties traits/ecogeographic data Facilitate seed exchange mechanisms to support farmers diversification strategies Community Biodiversity Registers Decisions making/models for farmers strategies, interventions and policy design Contribution to the implementation of Article 5, 9, 17 of the Treaty, in accordance with Nagoya Protocol

4 Actionable at different scales farm households and consumers - field level rural communities - landscape level national level actors - policies, institutions, and interventions level global level actors - global level

5 Challenges More difficult and complex than dealing with ex situ data. Information is more scattered and usually poorly described and organized. Data are unstructured Data difficult to align - various time and geographical scales Require a very broad global collaboration Ensure fair sharing of data and knowledge, avoiding any charges of misappropriation of Traditional Knowledge (TK) Nagoya Protocol

6 Data to collect and integrate

7 starting point for designing the information system. Bellon et al Policies and laws Socio- Economic drivers Availability and exchange of quality seeds market options Farmers selection of crop traits Local knowledge (technical and scientific) Farmer s decisionmaking for diversity management Crop diversity genetic structure, traits Cultural drivers Environmental conditions Climate, soil, water On farm diversity

8 Monitoring Time series Compiling data, metrics, knowledge Site specific Decision making for adjustment, impact Interventio n Regular Field measurements quantitative data Compiling, analysing, publishing Reporting

9 Key information Diversity of crop wild relatives and landraces in situ and on farm Ecogeographic information Seed exchange systems (formal and informal including community seedbanks) Socio-economic information Associated traditional knowledge`policies, seed laws and regulations

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11 Collective actions Design of the system with local and national stakeholders priority setting of the information services short-term and long-term objectives Participatory mechanisms for gathering diversity data on farm and in situ Design of information services to communities for well-designed interventions

12 Baseline data

13 Country level Information State of the World of PGRFA Country reports State of the World's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture (SoWBFA) on going National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPS) (93%) Parties developed NBSAPs

14 Community Biodiversity Registries a system of CBRs forms a key element farmers and community-based organizations regularly provide information to community biodiversity registers e.g. Nepal and India. CBRs connected to a central seed registry housed at the competent national partner institution. Geregera Community Seedbank, Amhara region, Ethiopia Photo: Carlo Fadda, Bioversity Intl., Kenya Jogimara community seed bank & LI-BIRD staff Photo: Ronnie Vernooy/Bioversity Intl., Nepal

15 Aggregating data

16 Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

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18 Diversity of crop wild relatives the project Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: collecting, protecting and preparing crop wild relatives (authors: CIAT, Global Crop Diversity Trust, Millenium Seedbank Kew, University Birmingham.) Occurrence data points of crop wild relatives. From

19 Occurrence of neglected and underutilized species (list of species compiled by M. Deletre; map: H. Gaisberger)

20 Collecting mission database & collectors fieldbook repositories over 225,000 plant samples collected in more than 500 collecting expeditions worldwide Samples of approximately 4,300 different species

21 Monitoring

22 Monitoring initiatives International Long Term Ecological Research - a global network of research sites located in a wide array of ecosystems that can help understand environmental change across the globe. GEOBON- Global Agricultural Monitoring System of Systems (GEOSS) Sentinel sites of the CGIAR Research Programmes (CRP)

23 Indicators for monitoring Indicators of Genetic Diversity, Genetic Erosion and Genetic Vulnerability for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture - Anthony H D Brown Trang Nguyen, Adam Drucker Essential Biodiversity Variables, GEOBON

24 Surveys Ontologies & Fieldbook

25 Surveys: Farmers knowledge and ABS Lapeña, I.; López, I.; Turdieva, M., Bioversity International, Rome (Italy) 32 p., 2012, ISBN-13:

26 Community Engagement Community Biodiversity Management Initiatives (CBM) Emerging Payment for Agrobiodiversity Conservation Services (PACS) schemes (Krishna et al 2013, Narloch et al. 2013) - to facilitate the active engagement of communities in providing a PGRFA monitoring service.

27 Integrating data sets Extract data Develop metadata, controlled vocabularies, interpretation Annotate data sets Open data standards to link sources of information

28 Crop Ontology

29 Afsys African soil Atlas

30 Water Atlas and Availability

31 Challenges Enough data on ABD, Soils conditions, climate, water availability, socio-economical, cultural of same time and geographical scales and granularity Methodology for collecting data and for providing services to farmers Local knowledge access and use Identify gaps, find proxys and interpolate data Develop metadata and controlled vocabularies for describing data sets (taxon, traits, etc) Produce multi-genus and species lists Indicators must support the up scale

32 Next steps Consultation of partners DivSeek -ITPGRFA GBIF Water Land and Ecosystem CRP.. Baseline data collect

33 Thank you