QUESTIONNAIRE. Application of Chemical Fertilizer in Agriculture a study with special reference to the farmers in Andhra Pradesh, India.

Transcription

1 ANNEXURE QUESTIONNAIRE Application of Chemical Fertilizer in Agriculture a study with special reference to the farmers in Andhra Pradesh, India. I, T. Sudhakar Reddy, Research Scholar (Ph.D) at Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur conducting a study on factors influencing the usage of chemical fertilizers in major crops. I would like to explore this issue in a greater depth and understand the specifics. Hence, I sought your valuable cooperation in this task by responding to the questions. Part I Farmer Identification: 1. Respondent s Name (Optional):.. 2. Location 3. House hold status: i. Male headed ii. Female headed 4. Distance to the nearest local market (Km.):.. 5. Distance to an agricultural extension office (Km.): Farmer s Social and Demographic Factors: 6. Household membership list of members: Name of household member (start with respondent) Gender (Codes A) Age (years) Marital Status (Codes B) Education Qualification (Codes C) Main Occupation (Codes D) Annual Income (Codes E) Codes A Codes B Codes C Codes D Codes E 1. Male 1. Married 1. Uneducated 1. Full-time farmer 1. No income 2. Female 2. Single th Standard 2. Full-time employee 2. Below Rs. 50, Widow 3. Intermediate 3. Part-time employee 3. 50,000-1,00,000 1

2 4. Divorced 4. Graduation 4. Self-employed 4. 1,00,000-1,50, Separated 5. Post-Graduation 5. Student 5. Above 1,50, Others 7. List the major crops you are cultivating. i) Paddy ii) Cotton Maize iv) Chilly v) Pulses vi) Horticulture vii) Groundnut v Others 8. For how many years have you been doing farming? i) Less than one year ii) Two to five years More than five years 9. What is the size of your land holding (acres)? i) Less than one acre ii) One to two and half acres iv) Two and half to five acres Above five acres 10. Who is the main buyer of your production? i) Local trader ii) City markets Rural assemblers/brokers iv) Neighbors v) Urban traders vi) Exporter vii) Others (specify) 11. Do you irrigate plots? 12. If YES, what is your main source of irrigation water? i) River/Stream iv) Sewage ii) Bore well v) Run-off water Well vi) Others (specify) 13. Income sources (Record from last season June 2011 January 2012): Source of Income Amount (Rs.) Crop income Farm income Live stock income Off-farm income Non-farm Other (specify e.g. pension, etc.) 14. Do you keep any livestock on your farm? 2

3 15. If YES, what type of livestock do you keep on your farm? Livestock type Number Donkeys Cattle Calves Goats Sheep Pigs Rabbits Rabbits and others Part Please indicate which of the following soil fertility enhancing practices you use or have ever used on your farm. Management Practice 1. Crop residues 2. Green manure 3. Intercropping 4. Cereal-legume intercropping 5. Crop rotation 6. Animal manure 7. Compost manure 8. Chemical fertilizer 9. Others 3 Ever Use? 1. Yes 0. No Used last season? 1. Yes 0. No 17. Please indicate whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. S.No Statement Yes No 1 I have received training (including demonstrations, informal training) away from my farm site on soil fertility management. 2 I identify and incorporate in the soil crop residues that are high in nutrients and easy to decompose 3 I collect crop residues from my neighbors after harvesting which I add to those I produce from my farm so that I can have enough to use 4 I sometimes apply crop residues as a mulch 5 I prune my hedges/boundaries and use the materials for surface mulching 6 I collect animal manure from neighboring farmers in order to obtain sufficient amounts of manure for my production 7 I make arrangements with my neighbors who keep livestock to supply me with animal manure in exchange for fodder. 8 I apply straws/crop residues/wood shavings to the livestock stall for insulation and to absorb urine which I later apply on the field. 9 I hire enough labour to assist in the application of livestock manure. 10 Based on the knowledge I have, I compost livestock manure before spreading to the soil surface.

4 11 I apply chemical fertilizers in micro-doses volume equivalent at the root zone of the crops. 12 I combine chemical fertilizers with organic manure. 13 I practice crop rotation/ intercropping because it fits in my cropping patterns. 14 I often apply agro-industrial by-products from nearby agro-processing factories on my farm to supplement livestock manure and chemical fertilizer. 15 I seek/ have sought training from agricultural extension officers on how to prepare and apply compost manure. 18. Please use the following scale for the next set of statements to indicate the extent to which the following statements describe yourself. 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither disagree nor agree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree S.No Statement It is important for me to have received training on soil fertility management provided by agricultural extension services 2 Identifying and incorporating in the soil crop residue that are high in nutrients and easy to decompose will improve soil fertility status 3 It is necessary to collect crop residues from my neighbors after harvesting to add to those I produce from my farm so that I will have enough to apply on my farm 4 It is important for me to apply crop residue as a mulch 5 For my farming it is important to prune my hedges/ boundaries and use the materials for surface mulching 6 For me it is important to collect livestock manure from neighboring farmers in order to obtain appropriate amounts of manure for my production. 7 Making arrangements with my neighbors who keep livestock to supply me with livestock manure in exchange for fodder is important. 8 It is important to apply straws and wood shavings to the livestock stall for insulation and to absorb urine to be applied in the field. 9 It is necessary to hire enough labor to assist in the application of livestock manure. 10 It is important to first compost livestock manure before spreading to the soil surface. 11 Applying chemical fertilizers in micro-doses volume equivalent at the root zone of the crops is important. 12 It is important to combine chemical fertilizers with organic manure. 13 Understanding cropping patterns on my farm is 4

5 important for crop rotation. 14 It is important to apply agro-industrial by-products from nearby agro-processing factories on my farm to supplement livestock manure and chemical fertilizer. 15 It is important to me to seek training from agricultural extension officers on how to prepare and apply compost manure. 19. Please use the scale given below to indicate how important the following techniques are in enhancing soil fertility. 5 Very important 4 Important 3 Neither important nor unimportant 2 Less important 1 Not important at all S.No Statement Using chemical fertilizer 2 Applying livestock manure 3 Combining chemical and livestock manure 4 Practicing crop rotation with legumes 5 Using crop residues as mulch 6 Incorporating crop residues into the soil 7 Practicing fallow cropping 8 Using human faecal wastes 9 Using combined human faecal wastes and livestock manure 10 Using combined faecal and compost manure 11 Applying compost manure alone 20. Do you make use of soil analysis before you fertilize a seedbed? 21. If YES, who usually help you with the interpretation of the soil analysis? i) Yourself iv) Representative from ii) Fellow farmers fertilizer companies Extension officers 22. Do you apply fertilizers on your field? 23. If YES, what fertilizer do you apply? i) Organic fertilizers ii) Inorganic fertilizers Both 24. Why do you use this specific type of fertilizer? 5

6 i) Rich in nutrients iv) Cheap ii) Easy to apply v) All of the above Improves soil structure 25. Tick the following inorganic fertilizers applying for your crop. (Multiple tick possible) i) Straight Nitrogen Fertilizers (Urea, Ammonium sulphate, Ammonium chloride, Calcium ammonium nitrate, etc.,) ii) Straight Phosphorous Fertilizers (Single super phosphate, double super phosphate, triple super phosphate, etc.,) Straight Potash Fertilizers (Muriate of potash, potassium sulphate, etc) iv) N.P. Complex Fertilizers (DAP 18:46:0) v) N.P.K. Complex Fertilzers (20:20:0:13, 14:35:14, 10:26:26, 12:32:16, 15:15:15, 17:17:17, 19:19:19, 28:28:00) vi) Mixture (19:9:9, 20:10:10, etc.) 26. If you use inorganic fertilizer, who help you with the recommendations on the specific type of fertilizers to use? i) Fellow farmers Extensionists ii) Private companies iv) Cooperatives 27. What fertilizer, micronutrient, insecticide and pesticide are you using at present? (according to brand) Fertilizer Standard Presently using Straight Nitrogen Fertilizer Straight Phosphorous Fertilizers Straight Potash Fertilizers N.P. Complex Fertilizers N.P.K. Complex Fertilzers Mixture Micronutrient and insecticide Standard Presently using Boron Zinc Vitamin/Others Insecticide (dose with name) Pesticide Standard Presently using Fungal Viral Bacterial 6

7 28. Rate you satisfaction with the current fertilization management on the farm i) Very dissatisfied iv) Satisfied ii) Dissatisfied v) Very satisfied Moderate 29. Rate your satisfaction with the support received from the extensionists in regard to fertilizer application. i) Very dissatisfied iv) Satisfied ii) Dissatisfied v) Very satisfied Moderate 30. Are you satisfied with the dose/quantity, application time and method of the inputs that you are using according to crops? a) Satisfied b) Not Satisfied 31. If, Not satisfied, state the reasons for dissatisfaction. i) ii) 7