WG1: Genetic Resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics (Leader: Sergiu Budan; co-leaders: Monika Hoffer and Gregorio Lopez-Ortega)

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1 WG1: Genetic Resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics (Leader: Sergiu Budan; co-leaders: Monika Hoffer and Gregorio Lopez-Ortega) Task 1: Compile evaluation protocols and develop innovative protocols: - Questionnaire done by Monika Höfer: more than 20 answers. Compilation on-going - New protocols: KBBE Tri-lateral project submitted on cracking Meeting in 2014 (Bulgaria) focused on evaluation of tolerance/resistance to some main diseases Danish project accepted on NMR metabolomics assisted development of resistant sour cherry cultivars (Martin Jensen)

2 WG1: Genetic Resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics Task 2: Prioritise the characterisation of the most promising genetic resources for breeders - Questionnaire(s) in preparation by Daniela Giovannini. Aims: Select around 20 autochtonous varieties interesting for breeding in each country Create a database with the main phenotypic traits (see Task 1) Select the molecular markers to be used for a common genetic diversity study (include S-allele characterisation) Select the centre(s) to conduct the study Create a second database with the list of commercial cultivars most interesting in each country (include the traits explaining their success ) - Selection of a subset of cultivars from the diversity study to be planted in multi-site trials (select sites) Meeting in Budapest, Hungary, early March 2014

3 WG1: Genetic Resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics Task 3: Optimise current methodologies for pollination and germination of cherry seeds: - Draft questionnaire prepared by Martin Jensen: 129 questions: Genetic material and background used in breeding Pollination methods Stratification, seed treatment and germination methods Embryio rescue methods, specialised treatments Task 4: Set the basis for a coordinated European MAS strategy: - Questionnaire in preparation by Felicidad Fernandez/José Quero Garcia. Ideas: List of centres that have initiated QTL detection studies: populations, markers, traits, main results List of centres which would be willing to initiate these studies: populations, traits of interest, main bottlenecks

4 WG1: Genetic Resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics Task 5: Select candidate sites to conduct multi-location trias: - Questionnaire sent by Hugo Magein. Little number of answers - Multi-site trials already implemented for one INRA mapping progeny, Regina x Lapins: Bordeaux, Nîmes (France), Maribor (Slovenia), Murcia (Spain), Kent (UK, not yet) and Palermo (Italy, maybe). Future trials to be implemented with one EMR mapping progeny (Kent, Bordeaux, Palermo). Links with Task 4

5 Bordeaux, France ( ) Murcia, Spain( ) Bordeaux, France ( ) Maribor, Slovenia ( and )

6 WG1: Genetic Resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics Task 6: Evaluate the potential of recent NGS technologies Task 7: Investigate the potential use of omics approaches - Tasks merged. Questionnaire in preparation by Angel Fernandez and Haibo Xuan - Project for the sequencing of a DH of cherry initiated. Check-up of homozygosity on-going. Pre-consortium established: Germany, England, Italy and France

7 Beginning of Flowering (calendar days) WG2: Crop Production & Postharvest physiology (Leader: George Manganaris; co-leader: Bénédicte Wenden) Sub-group 1: Agronomy and physiology Task 8: Study the impact of climate change on flowering phenology and fruit productivity. Modelling approaches: - Data on flowering data compiled and analysed by Bénédicte Wenden. Meeting to be held in Ullenswag, Norway (May 2014) Jork Bonn Gembloux Agroscope Changins INRA Bordeaux Forli Plovdiv Corbins Murcia

8 WG2: Crop Production & Postharvest physiology Sub-group 1: Agronomy and physiology Task 9: Develop harmonized protocols for important fruit traits such as cracking tolerance and double fruits. Link with Task 1 (WG1). - Cracking: activity potentially leaded by Moritz Knoche - Double fruits: activity potentially leaded by Gregorio Lopez-Ortega Task 10: Compile data on trials conducted on training systems and pruning for the promotion of high-density orchards. Not initiated. Group to be settled (potential participants: Gérard Charlot, Guglielmo Costa ) Task 11: Produce a synthesis on current initiative to study the nutritional status of orchards. Not initiated (Alesandro Roversi retired) Task 12: Investigate the impact of novel production methods on fruit quality and orchard productivity (cover-plastic roofs, nets ). Not initiated. Group to be settled (potential participants: Elzbieta Rozpara, Mekjell Meland )

9 WG2: Crop Production & Postharvest physiology Sub-group 2: Post-harvest technology Task 13: Review results on the control of post-harvest cherry diseases. Test novel methods to avoid using anti-fungal products. Not initiated. Potential group to be leaded by Daniel Valero Garrido. National project accepted. On-going trials to test pre-harvest treatments, such as jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, oxalic acid, salicylic acid and methyl salicylate Task 14: Optimise methods to maintain better fruit quality during storage Task 15: Improve acceptability of stored cherries by the consumer. Not initiated. Task 16: Produce reliable and simple protocols for the characterisation of mechanical properties of cherries, which could be used by breeders Concerning Tasks 14 and 16, two activities have been planned or initiated: - The writing of a technical paper dealing with the determination of sweet cherry fruit quality (leaded by Ana Santos) - The establishment of a summer school including experimental demonstration of some techniques (Portugal, Spain, Greece and Cyprus)

10 WG2: Crop Production & Postharvest physiology Sub-group 2: Post-harvest technology Meeting during the ISHS Postharvest Unlimited Conference (10-13 June 2014). Special session: Postharvest physiological and technological aspects of cherry fruit (2h30): Beth Mitcham: Assuring the quality of cherries after harvest with special reference to sensorial attributes (25 min + 5 min questions) Daniel Valero: Recent developments to maintain overall sweet cherry quality during postharvest storage Peter Toivonen: Integrated analysis for improving export of sweet cherries and how a small industry can compete by focusing on premium quality Ariel Vicente: Progress in cell wall metabolism and texture of cherry fruit Main conclusions-general discussion (20 min)

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12 WG3: Crop Protection (Leader: Joerg Samietz; co-learders: Joanna Pulawska, Slawomir Lux) Task 17: Validate and optimise current visual or molecular detection assays for the most important pests and diseases - Planned training school in early 2013 cancelled (Brion Duffy) - Project on molecular detection, genetic diversity and determination of different fungal, bacterial, viral and phytoplasma diseases of cherry (Joanna Pulawska, Poland) - New Meeting to be held in Olomouc, Czech Republic on Detection of virus and virus-like pathogens in cherry and sour cherry Task 18: Optimise protocols to gather epidemiological data, and to develop predictive models based on pest and disease phenology - Meeting held in Zurich (26-27 March 2013) on Advances and prospects on monitoring and modelling of Drosophila suzukii in Europe. Conclusions centralized by Patrick Kehrli. - Meeting to be held in Poland (Late November 2013) on the Application of stochastic simulation of pest behaviour for development of IPM strategies and decisions for management of fruit flies and D. suzukii (Slawomir Lux) - IPM project based on the use of sterile insects (Regio-Biocontrôle) (Bernard Blum)

13 WG3: Crop Protection Task 19: Compile all data from trials of biological pest and disease control. Synthesis of current results from organic cherry trials. Participants: Italy, Sicily (Virgilio Caleca), UK (EMR) and Switzerland (Agroscope) Task 20: Based on results from Tasks 17 to 19, promote the development and application of advanced support systems (DSS) and design common strategies to avoid new species invasions - Distribution and translation of information flyers on D. suzukii - Links with EPPO and NPPOs to raise awareness on invasive pests and diseases, and for coordination of common strategies Task 21: Propose and validate simple, harmonised and cheap phenotyping protocols to be used by breeders for the screening of their genetic materials, in terms or tolerance or resistance, if present Meeting to be held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria (May 2014)

14 WG4: Socio-economics and dissemination (Leader: Mario Njavro; co-leader: Manfred Buchele) Task 22: Draw an accurate picture of the economic situation of the cherry sector at the European level Task 23: Investigate which are the main economic bottlenecks and/or constraints for cherry producers and consumers - For these tasks, two approaches will be used: microeconomics (farm level) and marketing-oriented or value-chain oriented. - Available information on the socio-economic situation (production, trade, prices, family farms characteristics etc.) will be collected from secondary sources and by Action members - Questionnaire in prep. to collect necessary data to produce cost calculations on cherry production in every participating country - Questionnaire in prep. for collecting data on cherry value chain

15 WG4: Socio-economics and dissemination Task 22: Draw an accurate picture of the economic situation of the cherry sector at the European level Task 23: Investigate which are the main economic bottlenecks and/or constraints for cherry producers and consumers - Questionnaire prepared by Svetoslav Malchev (STSM in France): see presentation

16 WG4: Socio-economics and dissemination Task 24: Provide information and transfer knowledge to end-users from other WG s activities and achievements - Task leaded by M. Buchele (responsible of links with stakeholders) Meeting to be held (2014) : Technology-transfer workshop (place and date to be decided) Task 25: Train young scientists - 4 STSM during the 1 st reporting period: Elisabeth Schüller : Austria England Molecular genotyping techniques to support sweet cherry cultivar identification and characterisation (WG1) Vlasios Goulas : Cyprus Greece NMR fingerprinting on sweet cherry (WG2) Svetoslav Malchev : Bulgaria France Sweet cherry evaluation methods and techniques. Processing new cultivars and hybrids (WG1) Stefan Gandev: Bulgaria Hungary Training and pruning of the cherry trees (WG2) Task 26: Attempt the identification of novel market niches or opportunities for the cherry sector. Not initiated

17 Cherry Consumer Preferences Svetoslav Malchev Dr. José Quero Garcia

18 Necessity for the inquiry Consumer preferences change over time These preferences should be taken under consideration by breeders when creating a new cultivar The consumer preferences vary from one country to another

19 Overview of the inquiry Short to take less time to complete, should fit on one page Clear easy to understand and interpret Visual visual examples, the end cherry consumer is not necessarily an expert Attractive should make it worthy to stop and fill the form (a degustation of cherries is a good way to attract people in the hypermarket) Consumer oriented should only contain characteristics that are of importance for the end consumer, for example: What is the consumer looking for in a cherry on the shelf in the hypermarket. Localized should be translated in different languages

20 General look of the questionnaire It takes around 2 min. to fill the questionnaire It was easy and fast to explain to the participants One-question one answer???

21 Expected results General idea of the look of the perfect cherry Overview of the current consumer preferences Predict future market tendencies Time for suggestions and comments