FRG. NCSU Aquaculture Research Update NC Agricultural Foundation. Funding Support. and Others

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1 NCSU Aquaculture Research Update 2013 Biology Food, Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences North Carolina Sea Grant Daniels Borski Hinshaw Funding Support Green Sullivan FRG Turano NC Agricultural Foundation and Others

2 Fish Pond Effluents Current research: Economic evaluation of different management practices to limit effluents from farms (water retention, constructed wetlands, land application, etc.) Establishing demonstration plots at Tidewater Research Station for land application of pond water onto different species of trees (loblolly pine, Atlantic white cedar, cottonwood, green ash, cherry bark oak, hybrid poplar). Harry V. Daniels Professor and Interim Head Department of Biology North Carolina State University

3 Southern Flounder Aquaculture Carolina Flounder, LLC (Duplin Co.) 1st hatchery, nursery, and grow out in operation (150,000 fingerlings) Little River Trails Aquaculture (Harnett Co.) Both sites use recirculating system technology and freshwater for grow out Hatchery Grow out Fingerling harvest

4 All-female Production of Flounder Borski, Daniels, Godwin Females grow 2 3 times faster than males Female Male 300 Professor, Dept. of Biology Faculty of Genomics and Biotechnology North Carolina State University russell_borski@ncsu.edu Months post stocking

5 Flounder: Environmental Sex Determination Females can develop as males, depending on environment Must define environmental parameters controlling sex determination Temperature (high and low) and tank background color (blue) can skew sex ratios toward males b* % Female ** ** P<0.01 *** P<0.001 % Males a a 10 *** Water Temperature (ºC) 10 0 Grey Black Blue Tank Background Color

6 NCSU Marine Aquaculture, Research Center, Marshallberg, NC Spawning Activity of the Mud-minnow for Baitfish Production NC Sea Grant Fishery Resource Grant with Nelson Paul Preliminary spawning of broodstock mudminnows Mean # eggs/ female/ day Comparison of egg production by mudminnows stocked at 2 densities using 2 sizes of egg collectors Hi/Full Hi/ Half Low/ Full Low/ Half Eggs/Female/Day Temp C

7 NCSU Marine Aquaculture, Research Center, Marshallberg, NC Hybrid Striped Bass Growth Variation Trial Collaborative study with Castle Hayne Fisheries Compare growth and FCR of different size classes of HSB grown in single and mixed populations Weight (g/fish) Time (days) Small Mixed-SM Medium Mixed-MED Large Mixed-LG Size Class Coefficient of Variation Mean FCR Small Mixed-SM Medium Mixed-MED Large Mixed-LG 0.136

8 NCSU Marine Aquaculture, Research Center, Marshallberg, NC Hybrid Striped Bass- Feed and Genetics Collaborative study with Zeigler Bros. Inc, and Dr. Sullivan, NCSU Compare growth and FCR of wild and domesticated HSB fed nutrient dense and control diets Weight (g/fish) Size Class Mean FCR Wild/ Silver 1.36 Wild/ HP 1.13 Dom/ Silver 1.36 Dom/ HP Time (days) Wild/Silver Wild HP Dom Silver Dom HP

9 NC State University Seafood Laboratory Producing Safe, Quality Aquaculture Products 2012 Research Program Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) workshops Process and equipment validations HACCP plan verifications Post-harvest processing (PHP) of oysters for half shell markets Validation of microwave cooking for value-added seafood products David Green, PhD Professor, Extension Seafood Specialist Dept. Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences

10 NC State University Seafood Laboratory 2012 Research Projects in Aquaculture Validation of heat shock method to reduce pathogenic Vibrio spp. in shell oysters Validation of microwave cooking for Not-Ready-to-Eat (NRTE) seafood

11 Cool and Coldwater Aquaculture Research and Extension Update Jeffrey M. Hinshaw Professor and Extension Specialist Department of Biology MHCREC/NCSU 455 Research Drive Mills River, NC 28759

12 What s new with the next new bug found in trout? New Bug found in 2011 a novel Weissella sp., gram positive bacteria, requires specific media and non-routine tissue sampling; only the third report of this in trout globally. The other two reported instances were in China and Brazil. Since the initial isolation in NC in 2011, it has been found in trout at two NC farms in 2012 (fish were moved from the original location before isolation of the bacteria). In lab trials at NCCCWA/ARS/USDA, a whole-cell bacterin provided good protection when administered by injection. Combination with vaccination for Yersinia ruckeri did not diminish the protection against either bacteria in lab challenges. Weissella sp. Field trials are underway by fall of 2012, this bivalent vaccine had been applied to all the trout (over 500,000) at both farms in order to determine efficacy and potentially limit potential for losses. One group of 10,000 was not vaccinated against Weisella sp. for the initial evaluation. A challenge facility has been constructed at the farm, and we are proposing to collect samples from all trout farms in NC in 2013 to determine whether this is a new bug, or that we have only recently been able to identify it s presence. Yersinia ruckeri Primary Collaborators: Tim Welch (NCCCWA /ARS), Hugh Mitchell (AquaTactics), Howard Brown (Carolina Mountain). Many others have contributed.

13 The LaPaz Project 2012: From the Research and Demonstration of Sturgeon Aquaculture to Commercial Harvest and Sale of Caviar Why Sturgeon in NC? Atlantic (and shortnose) sturgeons in the US: From 3,200 metric tons harvested in (1890)...to 0 (1997)

14 Sturgeon Gender Identification Using Minimally and Noninvasive Methods Collaborators and co-workers: Harvest-ready Caviar Sample 11-KT Estradiol T 11-KT/E2 T/E2 Sex male female male female male female female Bob Esch (Greer Laboratories), Craig Sullivan (Biology), Christina Shenton, Sabine Mader, Rick Vogt, Shane Williams, and all the staff at the LaPaz Group sturgeon Farm. Funding provided by the William White estate and the North Carolina Agricultural Foundation.

15 Genetic Improvement of Hybrid Striped Bass Striped Bass Developed domesticated broodstock (F 5 ) based on multiple geographic lineages and reliable spawning techniques Distribute to USDA and Industry x Investigate/resolve egg quality problems White Bass Domesticated NCSU-WB1 (F 9 ) with performance > wild broodstock Distribute NCSU-WB1 to industry and USDA Hybrid Striped Bass Craig V. Sullivan Striped Bass National Breeding Program C0-coordinator Compare performance of domesticated hybrid striped bass (HSB) to that of HSB produced from wild parents

16 Founder Stocks for Selective Breeding: Striped Bass O + X Four hundred crosses (13 male and 9 female lineages) Six stocks (Canada, Hudson, Roanoke, Chesapeake, Santee, Florida) 336 half-sib families (82 full-sib) X O O 2008 O + O SPRING 2011=> 4 Year classes O O + O Associated Universities NCSU Pamlico Aquaculture Field Laboratory Broodstock for NCSU & USDA Breeders to NC and AR hatcheries

17 N.C. State University Pamlico Aquaculture Field Laboratory

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