Smart Systems For 21 st Century Food Systems. Sonny Ramaswamy

Transcription

1 Smart Systems For 21 st Century Food Systems Sonny Ramaswamy

2 An Nutri6onal Existen6al Security Threat

3 Food, Shelter, Fiber, Fuel > 9 billion

4 Path Forward Transforma6ve discoveries Smart Systems Big Data 21 st Century Extension Farming systems 21 st Century Farms Educa6on Policies, regula6on, marke6ng Human dimensions Communica6ons

5 Smarter Agricultural Produc6on? Goal Develop new or improved engineered devices, products, or systems that: Produc6vity Needs Precisely sense, reason, and respond Improve the profitability, produc5vity, and/or efficiency of ag-related opera6ons of all sizes Quality of Life Sustainable Ag Systems Economically Viable Environmental Quality Benefit consumers and society

6 Technology Challenges Crisis-driven industries: weather, regula6on, insects and diseases Scale-neutral technologies: viable for both large and small producers Robust technologies that can be applied to a wide variety of crops and opera6ons: e.g., varying fruit size, plant size and arrangement, and cultural prac6ces

7 Cyberphysical Systems, Robo6cs, Agriculture Technology While producing safe, nutri5ous, and affordable food to serve a growing global popula6on as well as feed, fiber, and fuel the agricultural enterprise consumes large amounts of land, water, and petro-chemicals. Availability and cost of farm labor has created an economic disadvantage for many agricultural industries in the U.S. as they try to compete in the global marketplace. Robo5cs can help agriculture be more produc5ve and efficient, and reduce its footprint in consuming resources and genera6ng waste. Using robo6cs to eliminate unskilled, unsafe, and low-wage jobs will create new business opportuni5es, with higher-wage, technically demanding jobs, that can lead to more viable and resilient rural economies. Sustainability

8 Smart Systems For Food Produc6on Systems 1) Assist in the produc6on process 2) Measure plant performance 3) Track environmental condi6ons 4) Inform real-6me decision making Combine next-genera5on sequencing & new sensor technologies to acquire genotype, phenotype, and environmental data to iden5fy rela5onship between genotype and phenotype Long-term goal: accelerate breeding via marker-assisted selec6on and genomic selec6on to aid rapid seedling screening DESIGNING SMART SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND MANAGING BIOTIC & ABIOTIC STRESSORS New technologies, sta6s6cal tools, and experimental design strategies are decreasing the costs of marker-assisted breeding

9 Genomes to Field Ini6a6ve

10 Smart Systems Generate Data Storing collected raw data Using algorithms to generate results from the raw data Modeling to develop understanding of the data, inform breeding selec6ons and field trials DESIGNING SMART SYSTEMS FOR MANAGING AND ANALYZING DATA #BigData

11 Big Data: Opportuni6es Open Data is a powerful, evidence-based tool for longterm sustainable development by improving economic opportuni6es for farmers and health of consumers. Open access to research, metaanalysis, and open publica6on Archibald of data are Cochrane vital resources for nutri6onal security. Iain Chalmers: Cochrane Collabora6on hhp:// Transparent, Collabora6ve, Par6cipatory

12 Big Data: Challenges Ownership Open Ag Technology Systems Decision Support Tools Cost Open Ag Toolkit NIFA funded FarmBot Bandwith Quality Cura6on Disambigua6on Connec6vity Cybersecurity Storage Courtesy: Dennis Buckmaster; hhps://engineering.purdue.edu/oatsgroup/

13 Smart Systems From Farm to Table DESIGNING SMART SYSTEMS FROM FARM TO TABLE

14 Supply Chain On Farm Production Soil Health, Water, Nutrients Pests/Control Energy Traceability and Tracking Supply Chain Management Processing Inspection Transportation Storage Retailers Inventory Access Smart Refrigerators Food Safety Ripeness Shrink Wrap Waste Smart Services Etc.

15 Applica5on to Caneberries: State-of-the-art machine harvesters in the Pacific Northwest op6mize efficient harvest of high quality fruit for the Individually Quick Frozen market Smart Systems Robo6cs DESIGNING ROBOTICS Color and size sorters ensure quality products in the fresh and processed packing industries Photos courtesy of Dr. Bernadine Strik, Oregon State University

16 21 st Century Farm Outcome of Big Data and Analy6cs 2014 Na6onal Corn Yield Average: 171 Bushels Randy Dowdy, farmer from Georgia: 503 Bushels Randy Dowdy used sensors, op6mal varie6es, irriga6on and fer6lizers, pest control, and Big Data analy6cs with the help of Monsanto and Climate Corp hhp://6nyurl.com/o78mah9

17 Real-6me Ag Data Analy6cs and Control Research Gaps Increased produc6on requires efficient produc6on decisions How can cyber-physical systems leverage big data real-6me in a diversity of environments? NSF/NIFA joint funding opportunity: Cyber-Physical Systems (closes June 7, 2016)

18 Real-6me Ag Data Analy6cs and Control Applica5ons of drones: -Fire figh6ng -Scou6ng for insect pests -Field monitoring Advantages of drones: -Cheap Drones & Sensors -Lightweight -Can carry a variety of sensors/cameras Funding opportunity: Small Business InnovaPon Research

19 NIFA-Funded: Open Data, Open Access Tools, and Cyberinfrastructure MaizeGDB (corn) SoyBase (soybean) Legume Informa6on System (legumes) T3: The Tri6ceae Toolbox GrainGenes (wheat, barley, oat) Gramene (rice, grape, other model plant systems) Genome Database for Rosaceae

20 Smart Systems to Accelerate Breeding: Funding Opportuni6es AFRI Founda6onal Plant Health and Produc6on and Plant Products Program Pre-breeding and germplasm enhancement, cul6var development, selec6on theory, applied quan6ta6ve gene6cs, and breeding Conven6onal breeding for development of publicly available cul6vars AFRI Founda6onal CARE and ERG program AFRI Food Security Challenge Area Breeding and phenomics of crops to produce varie6es with improved resilience to extreme weather and increased protec6on from pests Enhanced nutri6onal composi6on for improved human health Training next genera6on of plant breeders AFRI Educa6on and Literacy Ini6a6ve Undergraduate, predoctoral, and postdoctoral fellowships

21 NIFA Interna6onal Wheat Yield Partnership Breakthrough breeding, gene6cs, and genomics NIFA/DOE Joint Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy Program Breeding and genomics to develop new feedstocks Early Concept Grants for Exploratory Research (EAGER) NSF/NIFA Joint Funding Breakthrough technologies for animal and plant phenomics and microbiomes Plant Bio6c Interac6ons Program NSF/NIFA Joint Funding Processes media6ng beneficial and antagonis6c interac6ons between plants, symbionts, and pests NIFA/ARPA-E Smart Systems to Accelerate Breeding: Funding Opportuni6es TERRA Genomes to Phenomes/Field program

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23 Humans Maher