Winter and Spring Canola Fertility Management. Don Wysocki, OSU Haiying Tao, Bill Pan, Isaac Madsen, WSU

Transcription

1 Winter and Spring Canola Fertility Management Don Wysocki, OSU Haiying Tao, Bill Pan, Isaac Madsen, WSU

2 November 2007 OSU Canola Fertilizer Guide D. J. Wysocki, M. Corp, D.A. Horneck and L. K. Lutcher EM 8943-E

3 Lb/acre DM and N Uptake P WR SR BOLT IB EB FB PF H 0

4 Phosphorus and Sulfur Uptake lb/acre S #/A P#/A 0 0 Sowing Winter Rosette Spring Rosette Bolting First Bloom Early Bloom Full Bloom Pod Filling Harvest

5 Phosphorus Soil Test Phosphorus (P) * Plant Available Index Amount P2O5 to Apply** ppm (lb/ac) 0 to 5 Very Low 25 to 30 6 to 10 Low 20 to to15 Moderate 15 to 20 Over 15 High none *sodium bicarbonate-extractable phosphorus **banded or placed with drill

6 Soil Test (SO4-S) (ppm) Sulfur Plant Available Index Amount of Sulfur (S) to Apply (lb/ac) 0 to 5 Low 20 to 40* 6 to 10 Moderate 10 to 40 Over 10 High 10 * 1 lb S /100 lb seed yield N:S 7:1

7 Lb/acre P, S, Cl Sulfur on Yellow Mustard +S -S P, S S S,Cl P, Cl P Cl Check

8 Boron Soil Test (ppm) Amount to Apply (lb/ac) Broadcast Foliar < >0.5 None None

9 N Fertility Trials on Summer-Planted Canola Planting Date: June 2012, 2013 Variety: Amanda Seed rate: 6lb/acre N Rate: 140 lb/acre with split planting, fall, or spring

10 N Fertility Trials 2013 and 2014 Planting Fall Spring

11 Yield % of Check C P F P F F S P S Check 2013 = = 2085 P F S P F S P F S P S

12 Haiying Tao, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Science, WSU Area of Interest: Soil Fertility and Residue Management On-farm Research and Demonstration Canola Fertility Trials Grazing on winter canola N inhibitor evaluation Post-harvest evaluation for N management On-farm monitor of N loss in tile drainage in high rainfall area

13 New N FertilityTrials for Winter Canola at Hartline, Ritzville, and St. John: Harsher conditions cause more plant dieback than at N. OR studies, may cause higher N requirements, different N timing strategies to support plant regrowth. Factor N Rate 0 N Timing Micronutrients Treatments Recommended rate 50% Recommended rate Recommended rate + 50% Fall Spring 60% Fall + 40% Spring Yes NO

14 Grazing Early Planted Winter Canola Grazing Density: Thanks to Rob Dewald, John Pearson Winter Canola Variety: Amanda Planting Date: June 28 Grazing Date: 250 cows/30 acre canola for 23 days Sep. 18-Oct.10

15 Forage Yield DM 13% Moisture 87%

16 Canola Forage Nutrition Crude protein NDF ADF Crude Fat % Ash RFV NO 3 -N S Corn silage Triticale silage Alfalfa silage Canola silage Canola Sept Canola Sept Reference: UI

17 Above Ground Dry Biomass (ton/acre) Forage Yield

18 Canola Regrowth Photos Taken on November 17 th Grazing date September Grazing date October 5-10

19 Fertilizer N Uptake vs. Residual Soil N (mostly carry over nitrate) Uptake by Wheat & Fall Nf Soil N Soil N Spring Nf Fall Nf Sowers et al., AJ 86:

20 Spring canola UNRs (lb total N supply/100 lb seed) decrease with increasing water supply and yield potential Water supply

21 65 Years of Water-Nitrogen-Yield Predictions Jacquot, 1953 Halvorson, Koehler, 1975 Leggett, 1959 Koenig, 2005

22 Calculate spring canola N fertilizer requirement based on soil test results Total soil N supply = 69 lb soil N/A If the yield potential is 2000 lbs/acre, the total N supply requirement is 7 lbs N/100 wt x wt = 140 lb N/A and the fertilizer N requirement is. 140 lb N/A 69 lb soil N/A = 71 lb fert N/A This soil (is, is not) deficient in P. This soil (is, is not) deficient in K. This soil (is, is not) too acid. This soil (has, does not have) salinity problems?

23 High N Field

24 Ammonia/Ammonium Toxicity to Canola Roots Isaac Madsen WSU 1/30/2017 Ritzville, WA

25 Canola vs. Wheat Roots # Primary Axes Geotropism Rooting Depth Main Axes Diameter Root Hair Length

26 Wheat vs. Canola-Influence of Geotropism and Multi vs Single Main Axes

27 Increasing N Rate

28 Increasing rate of deep banded urea

29 Increasing rate of deep banded urea

30 Increasing rate of deep banded urea

31 Increasing rate of deep banded urea Row Spacing (in) lb/a

32 Changing N Fertilizer Source

33 Changes in Roots System Architecture Due to Changing N Type (14.6 mg N /cm) Urea Ammonium Sulfate Control

34 Winter Canola Yield (Lbs/ac) Tap root susceptibility to deep banded N? a b b 0 lbs N/ac 15 lbs N/ac 30 lbs N/ac Banded N Fertilization study with winter canola north of Almira Aaron Esser 2015

35 CANOLA FERTILITY Summary Fertilizer carries over from one season to the next, so SOIL TEST! Canola accumulates more N and more aggressively scavenges N than wheat. Wheat yield based N recommendation method applies to canola N management, but with different UNRs. UNRs (lb total N supply/100 lb seed) decrease with increasing water supply, ranging from 13 to 6 lb N/100 lb grain yield 1 lb P/ 100 lb grain yield 1 lb S/100 lb grain yield B, Zn, Mo other micronutrients additional work needed Beware of Ammonia toxicity of SOME N fertilizers at planting. N timing, placement, and source adjustments from wheat N management are recommended.

36 Suggestions and Your Needs for Canola Fertility Study?