Biopesticide work on protected edibles in SCEPTRE

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1 Biopesticide work on protected edibles in SCEPTRE David George, Jennifer Banfield-Zanin, Claire Burns, Kirsty Wright & Martin McPherson, Stockbridge Technology Centre

2 Consortium members H & H Duncalfe

3 STC s role in the SCEPTRE project Glasshouse trials to investigate efficacy of selected products on target crop diseases and pests For pests, we investigated the compatibility of selected products with biological control in tomato in 2013, but this was compromised by the need to treat the crop for mildew. Numbers of spidermites after two treatment applications (31-May & 7-Jun) and biocontrol (P. persimilis) introduction (18-Jun). Sulphur applied on the 10-Jun.

4 General methods Commercial-scale glasshouse crops, managed to industry standards Replicated studies according to EPPO protocols Pests, diseases and products selected through industry consultation and identification of gaps (existing or foreseen) Biopesticide, physically-acting and novel conventional products tested against industry standards in replicated trial designs

5 General methods X 1 2 X 6 X 3 X 5 X 4 X X X X X X X X 6 1 X 5 X 2 X 4 X 3 X X X X X X X X 3 4 X 2 X 5 X 1 X 6 X X X X X X X PATH X 2 3 X 1 X 4 X 6 X 5 X X X X X X X X 5 6 X 4 X 1 X 3 X 2 X X X X X X X X 4 5 X 3 X 6 X 2 X 1 X X X X X X X Early screening experiments identified products for further more in-depth testing in the latter half of the project Over 20 products screened against pests in tomato and peppers, comprising botanicals, microbials, physically acting substances, novel conventionals and existing industry standards

6 Diseases: Powdery mildew in cucumber Novel conventionals worked well and appeared better than the standard. Biological products variable vs the control, but with multiple products achieving >80% control.

7 Diseases: Other Biological products did not perform as well in other disease trials, including Botrytis: cucumber Pythium: transient Phomopsis: plant wilting crop 12 I U = uninoculated I = inoculated PE = Previcur Energy d a d d c d d d a bc abc ab I wilted wilted U U unaffected Untreated a Untreated PE Wilting significantly lower with most conventional Wilting significantly different between treatments compared to untreated treatments unaffected No wilting reduction with treatments 145, 47, 98, 189

8 PRODUCTS TESTED Pests: Latter stage trials (after 2011/12 screening) B = Botanical; M = Microbial; P = Physically-acting; C = Conventional YEAR CROP Tomato Tomato Pepper Pepper PEST Glasshouse whitefly Two-spotted spider mite Peach potato aphid Thrips (WFT) Glasshouse potato aphid Control Control Control Control Control Chess WG (pymetrozine) Borneo 1 (etoxazole) Pyrethrum 5EC (pyrethrin) Calypso 2 (thiacloprid) Chess WG 3 (pymetrozine) B-130 P-091 B-130 C-200 B-062 B-062 B-062 B-062 B-062 B-130 B-001 M-051 M-051 B-130 M-051 C-054 C M-209 P-208 C-106 M APPLICATION* W(3)** Wk(2) Wk(3) Wk(4) Wk(4) *Wk = Weekly application, with number of applications in parenthesis. NB: Standards (and other treatments where labels existed) were applied according to commercial practice in the UK, where the maximum number of applications specified and used is provided in superscript. **), except P-001 which was applied 4 times at 4-5 day intervals

9 Glasshouse whitefly: Tomato Standard performed well Both novel conventional and botanical products performed well, all being comparable to the standard

10 Two-spotted spider mite: Tomato Reductions, but variable data Reductions and near sig (P=0.06), but variable data Standard performed well Both novel conventional and microbial products also performed well, with (albeit non-statistically significant) reductions in pest counts also seen with other products

11 Peach potato aphid: Peppers Reduction and near sig (P=0.07), but variable data Standard did not perform well B-130 appears to hold strong potential for peach potato aphid treatment

12 Thrips: Pepper Standard did not perform well The novel conventional (C-200) performed better (against nymphs), though biopesticides did not

13 Glasshouse potato aphid: Pepper NB: High levels of parasitism after the second pest count caused pest populations to crash Standard performed well Both botanical products performed well P-208 did not perform well, though this may be related to water hardness at STC

14 Conclusions Biological products performed well against pests, but less well against pathogens Standards did not always perform effectively or as expected, reiterating the need to seek alternatives Several biopesticides have shown promise in trials at STC, with some being effective in multiple crops and against a range of pests B-130: Effective against 3 target pests B-062: Effective against 2 target pests No biopesticide proved effective against thrips in later-stage trials, though a promising novel conventional product has been identified Potential limitations have been identified and will need to be considered by manufacturers / end-users

15 Acknowledgements SCEPTRE as a whole was sponsored by Defra with financial and in-kind contributions from Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board-HDC, BASF, Bayer CropScience Ltd, Belchim Crop Protection Ltd, Berry Gardens Growers Ltd, BerryWorld Ltd, Dow Agrosciences Ltd, DuPont (UK) Ltd, The Fresh Produce Consortium, H&H Duncalfe, International Produce Ltd, JE Piccaver & Co., Koppert UK Ltd, Marks and Spencer plc, Stewarts of Tayside Ltd, Syngenta Crop Protection Ltd, and Total World Fresh Ltd. The researchers are ADAS UK Ltd, Allium & Brassica Agronomy Ltd, East Malling Research, Rationale Biopesticide Strategists Scottish Crop Research Institute, STC Research Foundation, and the University of Warwick. The project consortium is chaired by Harriet Duncalfe, H&H Duncalfe Ltd, on behalf of HDC; the project is co-ordinated by Dr Tim O Neill of ADAS on behalf of HDC. Further information HDC News article planned for submission in spring 2015 Open Access on-line journal article planned for submission at the end of Feb 2015 (on pest work)

16 Sceptre Conference Securing plant protection products for sustainable crop production Tuesday 24 February, 2015 Kingsgate Conference Centre, Peterborough Sceptre project Aims and impact Biorational products can we expand the armoury? Development of PPPs for EU market IR4 and the global minor-use summit EU initiatives to support speciality crops Sector specific breakout sessions