New Herbicide Technologies. Doug Shoup Kansas State University

Transcription

1 New Herbicide Technologies Doug Shoup Kansas State University

2 New Herbicide Tolerant Crops Liberty System Been available for some time Dicamba System Available for ,4-D System Waiting on Chinese Trait Approval (2017?) HPPD System Waiting on Chinese Trait Approval (1Q 2017?)

3 Liberty Link The adoption of Liberty Link crops in KS has significantly increased in the last couple years Liberty Link crops are a viable option for SEK Improved performance with moist and high humidity conditions Fairly cost effective (similar to $PRE programs) No bean injury like cobra but better pigweed control

4 Liberty Link Treated differently than glyphosate Contact vs. systemic Weed size Coverage Nozzle selection and droplet size Adjuvant differences AMS 3lbs/acre (or 17lbs/100 gal if spraying at 17.7 gal/ac) Seed selection Credenz or Stein genetics

5 KSU Variety Testing KSU soy testing in Parsons, Ottawa, Scandia Crude comparison of 195 data points Yield p-value (%) P-Value yield comparison 99% 102% 103% 20 0 Conventional Liberty Link Roundup Ready

6 Preemergence in Liberty Link soybeans at Manhattan in 2014 (Peterson and Thompson) Herbicide Rate Paam Vele Ilmg (%) Liberty (P) 36 oz Liberty/Liberty (EP/P) 29/29 oz Valor/Liberty (PRE/P) 3/29 oz Fierce/Liberty (PRE/P) 3.5/29 oz Authority XL/Liberty (PRE/P) 6/29 oz Authority Max/Liberty (PRE/P) 7/29 oz LSD (5%) 3 2 6

7 Roundup Ready 2 XtendSoybeans Approved in November of 2016

8 Factors Effecting Drift Drift is the airborne movement of a pesticide away from the site of application Physical drift (droplet drift) Droplet size Nozzle size Pressure Wind speed Boom height Adjuvants

9 Factors Effecting Drift Drift is the airborne movement of a pesticide away from the site of application Physical drift (droplet drift) Vapor drift (molecule drift) Herbicide chemistry and herbicide rate Wind speed / Air inversions Temperature (volatility increase up to 86 o ) Surface (plant material higher vs. bare soil) Humidity (more volatile low humidity (70%)) Droplet size may also influence volatility Finer droplets will evaporate quicker leaving the remaining herbicide in the air susceptible to drift

10 Days of Volatility Growth regulator herbicides can remain volatile for several days Behrens, R. and W. E. Lueschen. 1979

11 Herbicide Volatility Soybean injury from dicamba volatilization Soybean Injury(%) Dicamba Exposure day after dicamba application application 1 st Day 2 nd Day 3 rd Day Trial Trial Trial Trial Trial Dicamba volatility occurred up to 3 days after application Behrens, R. and W. E. Lueschen. 1979

12 Dicamba Formulations Xtendimax(and soon FeXapan) plus VaporGripTechnology Low drift formulations of the Clarity salt plus VaporGrip Corn, sorghum, small grain, pasture, etc. label Supplemental label RR2Xtend Soy and Cotton (only 2 yr label) POST rate is22 floz/ac (0.5 lb/ac) max 2 applications PRE rate of 44 floz/ac (minimum PRE rate is 22 floz/ac) Total maximum per year allowed is 88 floz/ac Minimum of 10 gal/acre Boom height 24 Currently only allowed one nozzle on label Tee Jet TTI11004 Wind between 3-10 mph (if b/w don t spray if upwind) No tank mix partner allowed on supplemental label No AMS!!!

13 Buffers (Currently XtendiMax label) Buffers must be maintained between the last treated row of XtendiMax and sensitive areas 110 ftwith 22 floz/ac (0.5 lb) 220 ftbuffer with 44 floz/ac (1.0 lb) PRE rate Included in the buffer are roads, farm yards, bare ground, or corn, sorghum, millet, small grains, and RR2Xtend cotton and soy (neighbor confirmed) Can get help from Google Earth on field buffer distances Gravel roads and County roads may only account ft of the required buffer between neighboring fields **Applicators must read and understand all label instructions**

14 Temperature/Radiation Inversions What is an inversion? Normally the air is warmer at the earth s surface and cooler in the atmosphere Radiation inversions happen at the end of the day when the energy from the sun decreases Warm Air Cooler Air

15 Inversions XtendiMaxLabel Do not apply this product during a temperature inversion. Temperature inversion are characterized by increasing temperatures with altitude and are common on evenings and night with limited cloud cover and light to no wind. Their presence can be indicated by ground fog, however if fog is not present, inversions can also be identified by movement of smoke from a ground source or aircraft smoke generator. Smoke that layers and moves laterally in a concentrated cloud (under low wind conditions) indicates an inversion, while smoke that moves upward and rapidly dissipates indicates good vertical air mixing. The inversion will often dissipate with increased winds (above 3mph) or at sunrise when the surface air begins to warm (generally 3 o F from morning low)

16 Soybean response to drift/tank contamination Auchand Arnold (1978) evaluated soybean yield loss at different stages of dicamba exposure (reassembled by Hartzler ISU) Lower doses and earlier vegetative stage at time of exposure is less detrimental to yield Soybean yield (% of control) 0.03 floz/ac 0.3 floz/ac 1.6 floz/ac Control trifoliate trifoliate Trifoliate Early bloom ** ** Significantly different than control

17 Resistance Management

18 Managing Resistance Keep treating your fields as if you are fighting glyphosate resistance Good IWM strategies Narrow rows Tillage Wheat/DCSoy Residuals with multiple MOA Group 5, 14, 15 (Prefix, Boundary, Authority MTZ, Authority Elite, Fierce, Fierce XLT, OptillPro, Warrant Ultra, Trivence)

19 Community Ramifications of Drift

20 Summary New approval of herbicide technologies will be a good tool but comes with challenges Buffers, spray tip, boom height, environment, tank mixing restrictions, adjuvants Don t add AMS Don t illegally use other dicamba formulations You mustkeep using residual herbicides with multiple effective MOA How soon will dicamba resistance be widespread? Know what your neighbors are growing and keep communication open

21 Questions Doug Shoup