5.1 Disparity in Dairy Consumption between Chinese Residents and Other Countries Analysis of Demand for Food Nutrition of Chinese Residents 50

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1 Table of Contents Research Report on China s Dairy Cattle Farming Industry 1 Research Background 1 Summary 1 1. Overview of China s Dairy Market Growing Trend of Processing Industry of Milk and Dairy Products Dairy Cattle Inventory Milk Production Cow Yield Dairy Cattle Farming Scale Liquid Milk Production Production of Dry Dairy Products Per Capita Milk Possession Volume Trade of Dairy Products and Dairy Animals Gradual Improvement of Dairy Farming Industry in National Economy China Shifted from Milk-insufficiency to Big Producer of Milk in the World Time Is Needed for China to Shift from A Big Milk Producer to A Competitive Milk 2. Analysis of Policies and Regulations on Dairy Farming Industry in China Comments on Promotion of Constant and Healthy Development of Dairy Industry from the State Council (Guo Fa [2007] 31) Administrative Rules on Dairy Quality and Safety Supervision Plan on Dairy Industry Rectification and Vitalization Industrial Policy on Dairy Processing (2009 amendment) Regulating Raw Milk Market Order Regulating Raw Milk Pricing Mechanism Subsidy for Elite Breeds Subsidy for Agro Machinery Insurance for Dairy Cattle Control over Import of Dairy Animal Products Raw Milk Standard Analysis of Major Technologies of Dairy Farming Industry Embryo Bioengineering Technology DHI Performance Test Analysis of Supply of Dairy Cattle Farming Industry Dairy Cattle Inventory Dairy Cattle Breeds Dairy Cattle Inventory Milk Production Gross Raw Milk Production Raw Milk Production Layout of Various Places and Cow Yield Dairy Cattle Introduction Live Cattle Frozen Semen Embryos Analysis of Demand of Dairy Cattle Farming Industry 49

2 5.1 Disparity in Dairy Consumption between Chinese Residents and Other Countries Analysis of Demand for Food Nutrition of Chinese Residents Analysis of Marketing Environment of Dairy Cattle Farming Industry Trading Market of Dairy Cattle and Germ Plasm Importation Procedure and Supervision over Import of Dairy Cattle and Germ Plasm Major Suppliers of Dairy Cattle and Its Germ Plasm Pricing Mechanism of Dairy Cattle and Germ Plasm in China Raw Milk Trading Market in China Raw Milk Pricing Mechanism Composition of Raw Milk Price Roles of Raw Milk Procurement Stations (milk stations) in Raw Milk Pricing Impact from Government on Raw Milk Price Analysis of Dairy Cattle Related Industries in China Feed Milking and Relevant Equipment Milking Equipment Cooling Tanks Vaccines Analysis of Cost-Benefit of Dairy Farms of Different Scales Dairy Cattle Farming Scales Smallholder Farming Scaled Farms Efficiency of Some Scaled Dairy Cattle Farms in Raw Milk Producing Regions after Melamine Incident Analysis of Cost-Benefit of Different Farming Scales SWOT Analysis of Different Farming Scales Smallholder Farms Farming Zones Dairy Farmers Cooperatives Milk Unions Farms Owned by Dairy Processing Companies Trend of Dairy Cattle Farming Modes Analysis of Epidemic Environment of Dairy Cattle Farming Industry Epidemic Categories Regional Layout of Dairy Cattle Epidemics Epidemic Control and Dairy Cattle Insurance Policy Prevention of Dairy Cattle Disease Policy Insurance Analysis of Impacts from Melamine Incident and Financial Crisis to Dairy Cattle Farming Industry in China Impact on Dairy Cattle Price and Raw Milk Price Trend Short-term Decline of Dairy Cattle Inventory Accelerated Elimination of Low-yield Dairy Cattle and Improvement of Yield Heightening of Threshold to Dairy Cattle Farming Industry Prerequisite for Establishment of Dairy Farms and Farming Zones 126

3 Prerequisite for Opening Raw Fresh Milk Procurement Stations (milk stations) Pacing up Transition from Extensive to Scaled, Intensive and Quality Efficiency Farming Slowing down of Development of Dairy Cattle Farming Industry to Become Normal Standardization of Supervision over Raw Milk Market Raw Milk Quality Standard Gradually Links up with International Norms with Accelerated Improvement Analysis of Investment Opportunities of Dairy cattle farming industry Market Demand Feed Live Animals Frozen Semen and Embryos Vaccines Milking Equipment Farm Management Software System Testing Facilities of Raw Milk Training of Human Resources 133 Figures & Tables Figure 1.1 Trend of Cow Yield, Figure 1-2 Liquid Milk Production and Changing Trend, Figure 1-3 Liquid Milk Production and Changing Trend, by Month, Figure 1-4 Changing Trend of Production of Solid Dairy Products, Figure 1-5 Changing Trend of Production of Solid Dairy Products, by Month, Figure 4-1 Growing Trend of Dairy Cattle Inventory, Figure 4-2 Dairy Cattle Inventory Layout, Figure 8-2 Structure of Dairy Cattle Farming Scales, by Inventory, Figure 8-2 Proportion of Feed Cost in Raw Milk Price of Different Farming Scales, Figure 11-1 Raw Milk Price Trend after Melamine Incident 125 Table 1-1 Per Capita Dairy Possession Volume and Forecast, Table 1-2 Dairy Imports, Table 1-3 Structural Change of Dairy Import, by Quantity, Table 1-4 Dairy Export, Table 1-5 Imports of Cattle, Frozen Semen and Embryos 11 Table 1-6 Status of Dairy Farming in National Economy, Table 1-7 Status of China s Dairy Farming Industry in the World, Table 2-1 Physical and Chemical Indices 28 Table 2-2 Bacteria Indices 1-Total Bacteria Count (TBC) in 1 mg 28

4 Table 2-3 Bacteria indices 2- methylene blue decolorization time 29 Table 2-4 Sensual Indices 29 Table 2-5 Physical and Chemical Indices 29 Table 2-6 Microorganism Indices 29 Table 2-7 Sensual Indices 31 Table 2-8 Physical and Chemical Indices 31 Table 2-9 Somatic Cell Count (SCC) 31 Table2-10 Microorganism index 32 Table 3-1 Breeding Bull Breeds of Main Breeding Companies in China and Inventory, Table 3-2 Major Indices of Production Performance of DHI Tested Farms in Key Provinces, Table 3-3 Production Performance of Different Inventory of DHI Tested Farms in Key Provinces, Table 4-1 Dairy Cattle Inventory by Province, Table 4-2 Gross Raw Milk Production, Cow Milk Production and Growth, Table 4-3 Milk Production and Average Cow Yield of Different Provinces, Table 4-4 Top 10 Provinces in Cow Milk Production in Table 4-5 Top 10 Cities in Cow Milk Production in Table 4-6 City at Prefecture Level with Cow Milk Production Over 500,000 Tons in Table 4-7 Origins of Introduction of Cattle for Breed Improvement (H.S ), Table 4-8 Destinations of Introduction of Cattle for Breed Improvement, Table 4-9 Origins of Frozen Bull Semen Import (H.S ), Table 4-10 Importing Regions of Frozen Bull Semen, Table 4-11 Origins of Cattle Embryo Import (HS ), Table 4-12 Importing Provinces of Cattle Embryos, Table 5-1 Comparison of Consumption of Liquid Milk and Dairy Products between China and Some Asian Countries, Table 5-2 Comparison of Growth of GDP, Growth of Per Capita Disposable Income and Dairy Consumption of Urban Resident, Table 6-1 Extension Scale of Well-bred Frozen Semen by Major Domestic Breeding Companies, Table 6-2 Proportion of Top 10 Companies in Frozen Semen Extension in National Total, Table 6-3 Foreign-funded Breeding Agencies in China 57 Table 6-4 Price of Holstein Dairy Cattle, Table 6-5 Price of Frozen Bull Semen of Beijing Dairy Cattle Center 58 (valid from August 1st, 2008 to December 31st, 2008) 58 Table 6-6 Price of Gender-control Separated Semen and Imported Frozen Bull Semen of Beijing Dairy Cattle Center 59 Table 6-7 Price of Holstein Embryos of Beijing Dairy Cattle Center, Table 7-1 Average Demand for Feed of Different Stages of Dairy Cattle in A year (kg) 65 Table 7-2 Imports of Forage Grass Seeds, Table 8-1 Changes of Dairy Cattle Farming Scales,

5 Table 8-2 Changes of Dairy Cattle Production Cost and Benefit under Smallholder (1) Farming Mode, Table 8-3 Comparison between Cost and Benefit of Smallholder Farming in Some Key Raw Milk Producing Regions, Table 8-4 Changes of Cost and Benefit of Scaled Farming, Table 8-5 Changes of Cost and Benefit of Small-scale Farming, Table 8-6 Comparison between Cost and Benefit of Small-scale Farming in Some Key Raw Milk Producing Regions, Table 8-7 Changes of Cost and Benefit of Medium-scale Farming, Table 8-8 Comparison between Cost and Benefit of Medium-scale Farming in Some Key Raw Milk Producing Regions, Table 8-9 Changes of Cost and Benefit of Large-scale Farming, Table 8-10 Comparison between Cost and Benefit of Large-scale Farming in Some Key Raw Milk Producing Regions, Table 8-11 Cost-benefit of Some Scaled Dairy Cattle Farms in Raw Milk Producing Regions after Melamine Incident 90 Table 8-12 Changes of Feed Cost for Per KG Raw Milk and Raw Milk Price of Different Farming Scales, Table 8-13 Comparison of Gross Profit Rate, Cost Profit Rate and Sales Profit Rate of Different Farming Scales, Table 8-14 Unit Cost of Dairy Cattle Production of Different Farming Scales in Heilongjiang, Table 10-1 Epidemics, Prevention and Control of Some Dairy Farming Regions 103 Annex: Supply and Demand Balance of Raw Milk Market 134