Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products. Aaron Robinson. March 23, 2011

Transcription

1 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products Aaron Robinson March 23, 2011

2 Biography Originally from Cameron, Illinois B.A. Biology and Spanish, Washington University in St. Louis Employed by Monsanto for 12 years Currently Soybean Traits Product Development Manger

3 Outline Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusion

4 Introduction Historical yield gains in soybeans Meeting increasing global demand History of Roundup Ready Soybeans Increasing soybean yield Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans Second generation RR soybean technology Acceleron Seed Treatment Products

5 Historical Yield Gains in Soybeans Specht and Williams (1984) 240 varieties from , MG 0-IV Range from bushels/acre/yr Voldeng et al., bushels/acre/year for varieties released after 1976

6 Soybean Yield Components to SOYBEAN YIELD POTENTIAL TO 2030 IN THE UNITED STATES BUSHELS PER ACRE Historical trend brings yields to ~50 bu/ac by bu/ac USDA Yield Historical Trend

7 Soybean Yield Components to SOYBEAN YIELD POTENTIAL TO 2030 IN THE UNITED STATES BUSHELS PER ACRE Additional gains from breeding, ag practice improvements and new biotechnology products bring yield potential to 80 bu/ac by USDA Yield Historical Trend Agronomic Advanced Breeding Biotech

8 Roundup Ready Soybeans Glyphosate Non-selective herbicide that kills both annual and perennial grass and broadleaf weeds, as well as woody species Development of glyphosate-tolerant crops pursued in early 1980 s First major applications of genetic engineering

9 Roundup Ready Soybeans Holt et al. (1993) concluded glyphosate-resistant soybean cultivars can improve soybean production by: Wide spectrum weed control Herbicide system with less environmental impact New mode of action for in-season control with little existing resistance Compatibility with minimum or no-till management Cost effect weed control Since its commercialization in 1996 Roundup Ready Soybean technology has become the most widely utilized herbicide tolerance trait in the U.S. and South America

10 Increasing Soybean Yield Specht et al., 1986 Rapid leaf formation and expansion, and delayed senescence are the characteristics of high-yielding soybean. The longer the life cycle the higher the yield (why most late maturing varieties outperform early varieties) Adequate vegetative growth that maximizes total biomass is essential for high reproductive growth and high yields in soybeans. Early canopy formation and late season canopy duration can increase the interception of solar energy and photosynthesis which results in increased availability of nutrients.

11 Increasing Soybean Yield Yield determined by several components (Egli, 1993; Board and Tan, 1995) Plants per unit area, nodes per plant, pods per node and seed size Pod and seed number most important soybean yield components Leaf area Index and Leaf area duration and dry matter accumulation during the reproductive period strongly influence yield components (Liu et. al., 2005) Greater total dry matter production increases seed number per plant during seed set period (Vega et al., 2001) and can increase seed mass during the seed-filling period (Borras et al., 2004) The most widely used measure of growth regardless of growth form is biomass (DeBruin and Pederson, 2009)

12 Increasing Soybean Yield Crop biomass production depends on resource capture rather than utilization Depends on PAR intercepted, but under limited water depends on transpiration Negative effects of stress are particularly important during flowering, seed set and seed filling (Souza et al., 1997)

13 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans Second generation glyphosate-tolerant soybean trait 1 st varieties released in 2009, full commercial launch in 2010 Gene mapping used to identify yield positive areas of genome and less disruptive technique to create gene insertions Second generation trait selected with a yield increase over Roundup Ready soybeans

14 Increase in Key Yield Components

15 Acceleron Seed Treatment Products STATUS: Technical Product Pyraclostrobin Metalaxyl Imidacloprid Harpin αβ* Key Farmer Benefits Broad Adoption in 2010 Fungicide Fungicide Insecticide Plant Health Enhanced early growth and vigor Outstanding protection from key seed and seedling diseases as well as early season insect pests Enhanced yield potential Pyraclostrobin: Exclusive to Monsanto for soybeans Control of Fusarium and Rhizoctonia Complimentary activity on Pythium and Phytophthora, which other leading brands cannot claim Systemic activity Metalaxyl: Industry standard for Pythium control 2X the equivalent rate found in CruiserMaxx Beans Imidacloprid: Protection from key early season insect pests in soybeans Product of choice for the two largest US soybean brands Harpin αβ plant health agent Exclusive to Monsanto Enhanced early season growth and vigor leading to higher yield potential 15

16 Spectrum of Control Disease and Insect Spectrum Disease Insect Phytophthora Damping-off Pythium Damping-off Rhizoctonia Damping-off Fusarium Damping-off Soy aphid Bean leaf beetle CruiserMAXX seed treatment Fludioxonil fungicide Fusarium and Rhizoctonia Mefenoxam fungicide Pythium and Phythopthora Thiamethoxam insecticide Seed corn maggot Acceleron Excellent Excellent Good Fair Excellent Excellent Good CruiserMaxx Good Excellent Good Fair Good Excellent Excellent

17 Soybean FACT Plot Lawrence, KS Planted June 5th / Picture Taken 25DAP Roundup Ready Soybeans treated with CruiserMaxx Seed Treatment Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans Treated with Acceleron Seed Treatment

18 Roundup Ready Soybeans treated with CruiserMAXX seed treatment Genuity Roundup Ready Soybeans treated with Acceleron seed treatment 2009 Monsanto Field Trials, Center City, NE

19 Side by side plot taken June 30, 2009 Melvin, IL Pioneer 93M42 CruiserMaxx AG3430 Acceleron

20 Soybean FACT Plot Richmond, KS Planted May 19 th / Picture Taken 38DAP AG3803 CruiserMaxx RY3909 Acceleron

21 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans treated with Acceleron seed treatment Roundup Ready Soybeans treated with CruiserMaxx seed treatment 2009 Monsanto Field Trials, Center City, NE

22 Objective To determine differences in main stem nodes, root and shoot biomass between Roundup Ready varieties with and without CruiserMaxx seed treatment and Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans treated with Acceleron seed treatment

23 Materials and Methods Randomized strip plot design Approximately 30 unique cultivars per location 116 unique cultivars grown in 58 locations across 22 states Minimum plot size per entry 76.2 m x 6 rows

24 Number of Unique RR2Y and RR Varieties and Trial Locations by State State Locations RR2Y RR State Locations RR2Y RR Arkansas Mississippi Georgia North Carolina Iowa North Dakota Illinois Nebraska Indiana New York Kansas Ohio Louisiana South Carolina Maryland South Dakota Michigan Tennessee Minnesota Texas Missouri Wisconsin

25 Materials and Methods Sampling procedure R4 R5.5 growth stage 1meter length of row, middle two rows of plots Plant height from one representative plant per plot Number of plants per meter Roots of plants from the 1 meter section Shoots of plants from the 1 meter section Total plant fresh weight Root fresh weight Leaf, stem plus petiole and pod fresh weight Number of mainstem nodes

26 Data Analysis Average response of each combination of seed brands and seed treatments planted for each Roundup Ready trait analyzed Head-to-Head results based on number and percentage of locations at which RR2Y had higher average than the RR trait across seed brands and seed treatments Data also analyzed with ANOVA model with fixed effects for seed brands, seed treatments, and Roundup Ready traits Variation among locations modeled with random effects Comparisons involving RR traits and seed treatments were defined and tested using contrasts in the ANOVA model at the 95% confidence interval. Entries that did not appear at least 5 locations were excluded from analysis Competitor Roundup Ready include Pioneer and NK brands Roundup Ready Soybeans include Asgrow, Pioneer and Syngenta

27 Results and Discussion Plant Height Nodulation Main stem Nodes Shoot biomass Root biomass

28 Plant Height and Nodulation Plant Height and Nodulation differences detected at multiple locations Across location analysis demonstrated no significant difference in plant height and nodulation Plant height largely determined by interaction of environment and genetics and did not expect significant difference in the traits Early season differences in plant height and canopy development observed and can be attributed to difference in growth rate due to significant differences in number of mainstem nodes and shoot biomass

29 Main Stem Nodes Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans treated with Acceleron had significantly higher number main stem nodes than Untreated Roundup Ready soybeans (P=0.002) Roundup Ready soybeans treated with CruiserMaxx (P=0.03) Competitor Roundup Ready soybeans (P=0.01)

30 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Number of Mainstem Nodes/Plant Number of Mainstem Nodes Mainstem Nodes Untreated Roundup Ready Soybeans Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58 locations, 22 states

31 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Number of Mainstem Nodes/Plant Number of Mainstem Nodes Mainstem Nodes Roundup Ready Soybeans with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58 locations, 22 states

32 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Number of Mainstem Nodes/Plant Number of Mainstem Nodes Mainstem Nodes Competitive Roundup Ready Soybeans with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58 locations, 22 states

33 Mean Number of Main Stem Nodes Product A Product B Mean Value A Mean Value B Average difference (A-B) p-value RR2Y* & Acceleron RR2Y & Acceleron RR2Y & Acceleron RR & CruiserMaxx RR Untreated RR & CruiserMaxx RR** Untreated Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx RR and CruiserMaxx RR Untreated Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx *Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans **Roundup Ready soybeans

34 Market Development Plot Planted 6/5/09 Evansville, IN July 16, 2006 AG3803 CruiserMaxx AG3539 Acceleron

35 Kissel FACT Plot 7/14/09 Haubstadt, Indiana AG 3539 with Acceleron NK S39-A3 with CruiserMaxx

36 Pioneer Y-series soybeans with CruiserMaxx Seed Treatment Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products

37 Shoot Biomass Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans treated with Acceleron had significantly higher shoot biomass than Untreated Roundup Ready soybeans (P=0.01) 9% No significant difference in shoot biomass between Genuity RR2Y soybeans treated with Acceleron and Competitor Roundup Ready soybeans treated with CruiserMAXX (P=0.06) 5% No significant difference in shoot biomass between untreated Roundup Ready soybeans and Roundup Ready soybeans treated with CruiserMAXX seed treatment (P=0.09)

38 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Shoot Biomass 2000 Shoot Biomass 1950 Shoot Biomass (g) Untreated Roundup Ready Soybeans Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58 locations, 22 states

39 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Shoot Biomass 2000 Shoot Biomass 1950 Shoot Biomass (g) Roundup Ready Soybeans with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58 locations, 22 states

40 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Shoot Biomass 2000 Shoot Biomass 1950 Shoot Biomass (g) Competitive Roundup Ready Soybeans with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58locations, 22 states

41 Mean Shoot Biomass Product A Product B Mean Value A (g) Mean Value B (g) Average difference (A-B) (g) p-value RR2Y*& Acceleron RR2Y & Acceleron RR2Y & Acceleron RR** Untreated Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx RR & CruiserMaxx RR & CruiserMaxx RR Untreated RR Untreated Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx RR & CruiserMaxx *Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans **Roundup Ready soybeans Competitor RR &CruiserMaxx

42 Root Biomass Genuity RR2Yield soybeans with Acceleron seed treatment had significantly higher root biomass than Untreated Roundup Ready soybeans (P=0.0001) 16% increase Roundup Ready soybeans treated with CruiserMaxx (P<0.0001) 12% increase Competitor Roundup Ready soybeans treated with CruiserMaxx (P=0.0004) 10% increase

43 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Root Biomass 240 Root Biomass 230 Root Biomass (g) Untreated Roundup Ready Soybeans Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58locations, 22 states

44 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Root Biomass 240 Root Biomass 230 Root Biomass (g) Roundup Ready Soybeans with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58locations, 22 states

45 Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Seed Treatment Products have Higher Root Biomass 240 Root Biomass 230 Root Biomass (g) Competitive Roundup Ready Soybeans with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield Soybeans with Acceleron Source: 2009 Monsanto Variety Trials, 58locations, 22 states

46 Mean Root Biomass Product A Product B Mean Value A (g) Mean Value B (g) Average difference (A-B) (g) p-value RR2Y* & Acceleron RR** & CruiserMaxx <.0001 RR2Y & Acceleron RR Untreated RR2Y & Acceleron RR Untreated Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx RR & CrusierMaxx RR Untreated RR & CruiserMaxx *Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans **Roundup Ready soybeans Competitor RR & CruiserMaxx

47 CruiserMaxx Seed Treatment Acceleron Seed Treatment Products

48 Root comparison Monmouth, IL July 20th Roundup Ready treated with CruiserMaxx Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield with Acceleron

49 Root comparison Monmouth, IL July 27th Roundup Ready with CruiserMAXX Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield with Acceleron

50 Conclusion By increasing the number of main stem nodes, more reproductive nodes exist for flower and pod development. Although PAR was not directly measured in this study increased shoot biomass, leaf area and canopy development may increase PAR over the course of the growing season leading to greater photosynthetic capacity and improved source-sink ratio.

51 Conclusion Increased shoot biomass can provide incremental C and N which can be remobilized from increased vegetative tissues to seeds during pod fill. Increased root biomass can help stabilize soybean yield by reducing moisture stress during critical reproductive periods which can reduce the number of flowers, pods and seed size.

52 Conclusion Genuity Roundup Ready 2 Yield soybeans treated with Acceleron Seed Treatment demonstrated increases in: Main stem nodes Shoot biomass Root biomass Increases in number of seeds per pod and seeds per plant demonstrated in previous Monsanto data combined with differences demonstrated in this experiment support the achievement of higher soybean yields and provide growers a tool to help meet growing global demand.

53 Acknowledgements Program of Study Committee Dr. Allan Ciha Dr. Kenneth Moore Dr. Thomas Loynachan Master of Science Agronomy Administration Faculty Staff Monsanto Colleagues Family and Loved Ones