Why talking about a speaking plant approach?

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1 Speking plnt pproch Future drem or relity? 65. Geburtstg und Verbschiedung Prof. Dr. Hns-Jürgen Tntu, 7. September 2, Hnnover Silke Hemming, Wgeningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture Why tlking bout speking plnt pproch? Drivers for developments in horticulture Higher production costs nd resource use (energy, lbour, cptil, wter/nutrients, grochemicls) Helth issues (food sfety / less residues, dditionl nutritionl vlue) Environmentl issues (emissions to ir, soil nd wter) Competition on (inter-)ntionl mrkets (from bulk to niche products, new products like lge / phrmceuticls, lrger production res) Consumer driven production (on-time delivery, food qulity, convenience food, trcking & trcing in chins) Trends in developments in horticulture Need for more conditioned greenhouse production nd controlled production fctors Need for more objective mesurements vs. green fingers Need for erly detection: see the invisible Need for more ICT: control of greenhouse on distnce Need for decision support systems Need for utonomous control? Environmentl control: pst - tody Outdoor climte The relity! Grow er Set-points for environmentl conditions Process computer Vlve settings Mesurements of eril nd root environment Observtions of environment nd crop sttus

2 Environmentl control: trditionl sensors Environmentl control: tody Outdoor climte Outside climte Globl rdition PAR Grow er Set-points for environmentl conditions Process computer Vlve settings Air temperture, reltive humidity CO 2 Set-points for environmentl conditions Plnt sttus dt, Environmentl dt, Wrnings Mesurements of eril nd root environment Plnt monitor Plnt sttus mesurements Environmentl control: modern sensors root zone Environmentl control: modern sensors eril zone SensiPlnt wter content substrte of potplnts WET sensor wter content, EC nd root zone temperture ProDrin weighing gutter, wter content substrte, mount of drin, trnspirtion, fresh growth Drin sensor system mount of dringe wter nd EC GrowScle wter content of substte to determine strt of wter ppliction CropScle wter uptke / trnspirtion crop (wter ppliction min dringe) Crop temperture cmer utomtic clcultion of vpour pressure deficit (τ crop, τ ir, φ ir ) CropView high resolution digitl cmer to observe crop sttus on distnce Environmentl control: experimentl crop sensors Flower temperture dew point / chnce for botrytis Leve thickness wter stress Environmentl control: sensor combintions phytomonitoring Fruit weight & growth SensiTom rtificil fruit to detect dew point temperture / condenstion Sp flow wter uptke GrowWtch sensors nd model for monitoring: φ ir, CO 2, τ crop, τ ir, τ substrte, PAR, photosynthesis nd stress detection Comprison different growers vi internet, dvice 2

3 Environmentl control: informtion mngement Online mngement & informtion pltform Speking plnt reserch questions Chllenges for reserch: Lots of sensors lredy vilble, but wht do we relly wnt to know bout the crop? Interprettion of sensor signls, wht does it tell bout the crop? Point mesurement vs. crop / greenhouse mesurements Time nd frequency of mesurement Vribility in spce nd time Sensor ccurcy Multiple sensor pproch: reltion of sensor signl with climte, other sensors, historicl vlues, collegues, model clcultions Wht does the sensor vlue tell us? Is this plnt feeling well? Wht does the sensor vlue tell us? Compre with model Plnt does not feel well: stress in fternoon, trnspirtion reduced Verdmping Sensor Verdmping Model Sensor Uur Uur Wht does the sensor vlue tell us? Is this plnt performing well? Wht does the sensor vlue tell us? Compre with historicl dt Plnt is performing better thn lst yer Frctie Lichtonderschepping Teler Frctie Lichtonderschepping Teler Historisch Week Week 3

4 Wht does the sensor vlue tell us? Compre with collegues Plnt is performing better thn lst yer but worse thn t collegue grower Decision support systems & lerning tools Model bsed monitoring nd decision support for sweet pepper Frctie Lichtonderschepping Week Collegs Teler Historisch Summry The relity A plnt cn spek, but do we understnd it? Answer: we re getting better nd better in lerning plnt lnguge Future drem? Environmentl control: future sensors Stress detection New ers for listening to the plnt: Multispectrl IR NIR VIS Chlorophyll Voltile compounds Gene ctivity, mrna Gol: stress detection, phenotyping Assessing Plnt Helth by monitoring chnges in b helthy b Jlink, 2 4

5 Stress detection F v /F m = (F mx F )/F mx τ: time constnt F(t) = F + (F mx -F )*( e -t/τ ) Assessing Plnt Helth by monitoring chnges in b stressed F mx b F Jlink, 2 Phenotyping 35 cultivrs of rbidopsis (F v /F m ) Genotype, high light F v /F m 39.% Phenotyping 35 cultivrs of rbidopsis (τ) Genotype, high light 9 ms Genotype, control 72.7% Genotype, control 2 ms Genotype 2, high light 32.% Genotype 2, high light 97 ms Genotype 2, control 7.2% Genotype 2, control 96 ms light stress 3μmol/(m 2 s) for 24 h light stress 3μmol/(m 2 s) for 24 h Outgrowth of Phytophthor on potto lef Bsic Wter control Mximl Outgrowth of Phytophthor on potto lef Reserch on pthogenisis Q.E. (%) Strt of growth Reserch on resistnce of cultivrs Infected re (%) F v /F m Pthogen Clculted infected re (gry color) Growth rte Time (hrs) 5

6 Speking plnt pproch future drem or relity? Summry: Objective mesurements Insight, lern, shre dt with collegues Erly wrning Decision support system On-line utomtic control pst tody future Thnk you! Specil cknowledgements to my collegues: Henk Jlink, Eldert vn Henten, Fokke Buwld, Leo Mrcelis nd mny more. Foto s used from Hortimx, Priv, Hoogendoorn, GrowTechnology, Phytec, Kipp & Zonen 6