INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

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1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK EXPERT SYSTEM BASED AGRICULTURE FOR FUTURE COMING ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM TO INCREASE THE CROP PRODUCTIVITY GAJANAN. P. HINGNE 1, SUMIT. C. LAHE 2, SANDEEP. S. DABRE 3 1. Computer Science and Engineering, Rajeshri Shahu College of Engineering, Buldhana, Maharashtra 2. Computer Science and Engineering, Pankaj laddhad Institutes of technology, Buldhana, 3. Computer Science and Engineering, Rajeshri Shahu College of Engineering, Buldhana, Maharashtra. Accepted Date: 05/03/2015; Published Date: 01/05/2015 Abstract: Information will be found in numerous forms and/or generated from data. Text, images, audio and video area unit totally different sorts of media on that info will be collected. The role of information technology is to create and devise tools to store and retrieve this information. Skilled systems will be outlined as tools for info generation from data that's capable of acting in accordance to a personality's reasoning method, giving similar advices and creating similar selections parallel to what a personality's experience would possibly come through. Skilled systems will become helpful assistants to human call manufacturers, capable within the gathering of huge numbers of data and knowledge from multiple human consultants of various disciplines and providing valuable recommendations to users. Ultimately, associate degree skilled system has the advantage of rushing up the choice creating method. Associate degree skilled system use computing and is being employed for a large vary of fields as well as agriculture. During this paper the necessity of skilled systems in agriculture is mentioned and their importance as tools for info transfer through info generation from data and experience explored. Presently on the market skilled systems within the agricultural domain area unit examined alongside associate degree assessment of their options and limitations. The paper has shown the attainable advantages of associate degree skilled system over ancient technique of higher cognitive process. This study reveals existence of some samples of skilled systems for agriculture; a lot of analysis is needed to look at the effectiveness of those systems. Keywords: Skilled System, Agricultural Skilled System, Agricultural Data. Corresponding Author: MR. GAJANAN. P. HINGNE Access Online On: How to Cite This Article: PAPER-QR CODE 812

2 INTRODUCTION Expert systems area unit wide used to unravel the complicated and important issues in several domains like drugs, producing and agriculture being one amongst them. Skilled system will be outlined as a tool for info generation from information [1]. They rely upon abstract thought and specific experience of an individual's skilled. They re wide employed in things wherever human consultants don't seem to be promptly out there. In such things they assist to require timely and precise selections. skilled systems area unit laptop programs that area unit capable of acting in accordance to an individual's reasoning method, giving similar advices and creating similar selections parallel to what an individual's experience would possibly attain [2]. Skilled systems will become useful assistants to human call manufacturers, capable within the gathering of immense quantity of data and knowledge from multiple human consultants of various disciplines and providing valuable recommendations to users. For developing Associate in nursing skilled system it's necessary to extract information from the domain skilled, this is often achieved by Knowledge Engineer [3]. This information is then reborn into a malicious program. Data and knowledge helps in generating info [4]. Once a less practiced person {in a during a in Associate in Nursing exceedingly in a very} domain seeks recommendation from a skilled of the domain, the skilled uses his/her information and knowledge to get the piece of data. This might be the foremost precious info because it is generated out of years of labor and knowledge and interaction with different consultants and practitioners of the domain. This piece of data might not be enclosed in any kind like text, audio, video or different. In close it's enclosed, it's going to not be coupled with its scientific origin, particularly if may be a combination of various domains and ways. This info may be the result for finding a drag thence it becomes all the additional precious [1]. It s necessary to record this info for the good thing about the community. Within the starting the main target was solely on matter info. Pictures were terribly troublesome to be enclosed in Associate in nursing system. Recently with the advancement in technology, it's been created potential to incorporate pictures still within the systems [1]. Advancement in processing has semiconductor diode to generating economical and helpful info from knowledge. Skilled systems technology will play an awfully necessary role in generating info from information [4]. EXPERT SYSTEMS A professional system may be a branch of AI and is presently proliferating to a good range of fields like automation systems, science and technology, medication and agriculture [4, 5]. It focuses on specific domains like foretelling, designing and diagnosing. Professional system acts 813

3 like laptop application that solves difficult issues that might have needed large human specialists [6]. The professional system has specific parts as shown in figure one [4].EXPERT SYSTEMS A professional system may be a branch of AI and is presently proliferating to a good range of fields like automation systems, science and technology, medication and agriculture [4, 5]. It focuses on specific domains like foretelling, designing and diagnosing. Professional system acts like laptop application that solves difficult issues that might have needed large human specialists [6]. The professional system has specific parts as shown in figure one [4]. Fig. 1.Parts of associate degree professional System [adapted from [4] The type of associate degree professional system is nominal in step with its use like diagnosing, repair, instruction, interpretation, prediction, design, planning, watching and dominant [7] NEED FOR KNOWLEDGEABLE (EXPERT) SYSTEMS IN AGRICULTURE Now-a-days, technologies are rising for applications in agricultural space so as facilitate to assist scientists for analysis yet as help farmers permanently agricultural practices. Recommendation of agricultural consultants is well accepted by the farmers for creating correct choices in field for improvement in agricultural production. Help of the experience isn't invariably on the market at the time of emergency [8]. Also, farmers face multidisciplinary and complicated issues within the field. Such issues is handled by knowledgeable systems that allows farmers to require timely choices in economical means [3]. Productive crop production method needs correct and timely designing of farm land preparation, water, soil and fertilizers needs and pest/disease management. Handiness of agricultural consultants associate respect stages might not be enough for farmers to form a well-read call. In addition, the farmer cannot completely suppose such dependencies for every and each call [5]. An answer to such issues can be the utilization of an agricultural based mostly knowledgeable system. The motivation behind adopting such knowledgeable systems is it provides reasoning for every recommendation. Knowledgeable systems scale back the knowledge that has to be processed by farmer, conjointly helps in reducing prices and increasing the agricultural output. Knowledgeable 814

4 systems can perform task in additional consistent manner than the agricultural knowledgeable [4]. Thus, in agricultural systems, associate degree integration of knowledgeable system could play a vital role for higher outcomes for the farmer. EXISTING KNOWLEDGEABLE (EXPERT) SYSTEMS IN AGRICULTURE Expert systems are shown to possess a large vary of applications in agriculture. Betting on the agricultural activities and usage the knowledgeable systems is categorized as follows [3]: 1. Crop Management: These knowledgeable systems provide call to farmers regarding growing any specific crop for example; numerous knowledgeable systems are on the market for crops like wheat, rice, cucumber, tomatoes, lime, apples, and oranges [2, 9, and 10]. 2. Production Planning: These knowledgeable systems trot out designing of cropping activities which can facilitate in building profitable cropping plans [3]. 3. Gadfly Management: These knowledgeable systems take care of managing pests/weeds that ar harmful for crops. There s a weed seed plant identification knowledgeable system on the market that identifies the weeds at terribly initial stage in order that they will be managed [9]. just in case of pests, knowledgeable systems are on the market for managing pests for crops like cucumber, lime, rice and lots of a lot of [2, 11]. 4. Diagnostic Systems: These knowledgeable systems are on the market to manage diseases and infections to varied crops and plants. Knowledgeable system identifies the diseases and provides the choice to manage and treat them [9, 11, and 12]. 5. Conservation Systems: These knowledgeable systems trot out soil or conservation and management in agriculture. Associate degree knowledgeable system is offered for management over erosion and another for choice of water pumps for agricultural irrigation [13]. 6. Method management Systems: These knowledgeable systems use sensors for observance numerous agricultural activities [3]. 7. Selling informatory Systems: These knowledgeable systems provide advices to farmers so as to get profits on the agricultural production within the markets [3]. There are several existing agricultural knowledgeable systems on the market for various crops. Every of them features a specific purpose in line with the necessity of the crop. Following are some targeted knowledgeable systems in agriculture: 815

5 Expert System for Wheat Yield Protection (ESWYP) This professional system is being designed and utilized in Egypt so as to diagnose insect pests that harm wheat crops. It acts like AN agricultural professional and facilitate farmers to spot the pests that affect the wheat crop and recommend best treatment for identical. It can jointly provide the reasoning facilities that change farmers to grasp the diagnosing and treatment details for wheat crop [10]. POMME This professional system is for apple flower management. It provides info to the farmers concerning the time and kind of sprays they must use on apples so as to forestall them from infection. It can jointly deals with drought management and varied insects downside [1, 2]. CUPTEX CUPTEX is a professional system for cucumber crop production. This professional system provides facilities like disorder diagnosing and treatment, irrigation and fertilization programming and plant care. It deals with sorting out the infection and so treating thereon. Alongside that, it plans the proper schedule for irrigation which incorporates correct amount of water to be used for crops and proper time of watering the crops. Fertilization schedule includes kind and amount of fertilizers alongside time of intervals for his or her applications on the cucumber plants [1, 2]. DR. WHEAT It is a web-based professional system that is supposed for diagnosing and treatment of pests on wheat crop. All the suggestions relating to diseases and pests obtained on-line [9, 10]. CITEX This is a professional system for orange production. It provides services for assessment of farms, irrigation and fertilization programing and disorder diagnosing and treatment. Assessment deals with analysis of farm space and checking if it's prepared for cropping. Conjointly this method provides proper irrigation and fertilization demand schedule for oranges. Alongside that, it looks after the diagnosing and treatment of diseases on the crop [2]. 816

6 COMAX COMAX is a professional system for managing cotton crop. It predicts the crop growth and crop yield with reference to variables like weather, soil fertility, soil parameters, and pests. This professional system is integrated with laptop model that simulates the expansion of shrub [1]. TOMATEX This is a professional system designed for managing tomato crop. TOMATEX takes the user complaints and generates the cause for that grievance associated with the crop. If the user of the system is aware of the explanation for certain disorder, his assumption is verified by the TOMATEX system [2]. LIMEX LIMEX is a professional system for lime production. It deals with assessment, irrigation, and fertilization and tormentor management. Assessment takes care of analysis of climate, water and soil properties and advices the unpractically of lime cultivation. Fertilization and Irrigation deals with correct scheduling of lime crop. Tormentor management mechanism diagnoses correct disorders for limes and suggests treatment for identical [2]. CALEX It is a freelance professional system that is ready to figure on any trade goods. The system makes actual management call for a selected crop. It's been used for crops like cotton and peaches [1]. Expert System for Identification of Weed Seedlings This professional system is intended for identification of weeds at initial stage and managing them. It uses name primarily based classification alongside text and pictures description of the weeds. It deals with correct identification and so management of weeds at Phenergan stage that causes less harm to actual crops at the expansion stage [9]. Expert System for choice of Pumps in Agricultural Irrigation This professional system is intended for choice of applicable water pumps for plant potency. It is designed considering all aspects like irrigation space, irrigation strategies, water resource, climate, soil properties and crop pattern. The system advises the proper water pumps to be used in the farms [13]. 817

7 Integrated well Management professional System It is a professional system designed for choice and application of various well management strategies which is able to be useful for minimizing the assembly losses. The system 1st identifies the symptoms and so the well. It then checks the severity of the attack and at last offers remedial measures [12]. CONCLUSION: Expert system is malicious program which might be used as virtual professional to guide the Growers. Professional system could be a technological thanks to deliver agricultural data from books, analysis papers, thesis etc. to actual implementation level i.e. at Growers. As a result, application of professional system in agriculture sector become in style and lots of nations took initiative to develop totally different professional system. But most of professional system think about specific aspects of crop management like tormenter or chemical management etc. For Ex. In India, for Soybean, none of the professional system is available which can offer guideline to Growers from soil preparation up to gathering. Thus researchers need to try and develop such a consultant system which can guide to Growers to take call into totally different aspects of crop management like soil preparation, seed choice, tormenter management, fertilizer management, weed management, nutrition management, irrigation management, etc. REFERENCES 1. A. Rafea, Expert System Applications: Agriculture, Central Laboratory for Agricultural Expert Systems, PO Box 100 (1998). 2. G. N. R. Prasad and A. V. Babu, A Study on Various Expert Systems in Agriculture, Georgian Electronic Scientific Journal: Computer Science and Telecommunications vol. 4(11), pp , A. Sevim, Expert Systems in Agriculture, Middle East Technical University, R. Kaur, Importance of Expert Systems used in Agriculture: A Review, International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science Technology & Engineering, ISSN: , vol. 3(5), pp , May M.Mahmoud and I. Hassan, An integrated Expert System and Geographical Information System in Agriculture Domain, The Third National GIS Symposium in Saudi Arabia, April

8 Research Article Impact Factor: ISSN: X Wankhede SS,, 2014; Volume 3 (1): S. Dubey, R.K. Pandey and S.S. Gautam, Literature Review on Fuzzy Expert System in Agriculture, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE), ISSN: , vol. 2(6), January S. Mahajan and V. Raheja, A study on Expert System, its types and their role in Management, Journal of Management, vol. 1(1), pp. 1-5, November S. K. Sharma, K. R. Singh and A. Singh, An Expert System for diagnosis of diseases in Rice Plant, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 1(1), pp , V.S.G.R. Naidu, H. Ravisankar, S. Dhagat, V. Kamalvanshi and A.R. Sharma, Expert system for identification of weed seedlings, Indian Journal of Weed Science, vol.45(4), pp , N. K. Negid, Expert System for Wheat Yields Protection in Egypt (ESWYP), International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), ISSN: , vol. 3(11), pp. 1-4, April K. Shafinah, N. Sahari, R. Sulaiman, M. Soyapi, M. Yusoff and M.M. Ikram, A Framework of an Expert System for Crop Pest And Disease Management, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, ISSN: , E-ISSN: , vol. 58(1), pp , 10th December P. Roseline, C.J.M. Tauro and N. Ganesan, Design and Development of Fuzzy Expert System for Integrated Disease Management in Finger Millets, International Journal of Computer Applications, ISSN: , vol. 56(1), pp , October Y. Seflek and K. Carman, A Design of an Expert System For Selecting Pumps Used In Agricultural Irrigation, Mathematical and Computational Applications, Association for Scientific Research, vol. 15(1), pp , P. Gaikwad and N. Gandhi, An Expert System for diagnosis of Sugarcane diseases and prescribe treatments, UGC Sponsored National Conference on Computing, Communication and Information Technology (CCIT), Pune, Maharashtra, India, 5th and 6th Feb L.J. Armstrong and N. Gandhi, Factors Influencing The Use Of Information And Communication Technology (ICT) Tools By The Rural Farmers In Ratnagiri District Of 819

9 Maharashtra, India, The Third National Conference on Agro-Informatics and Precision Agriculture (AIPA), Hyderabad, India, 1st to 3rd August Research Article Impact Factor: ISSN: X Wankhede SS,, 2014; Volume 3 (1): Available Online at L.J. Armstrong, N. Gandhi and K. Lanjekar, Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools by rural farmers in Ratnagiri District of Maharashtra, India, IEEE International conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies (CSNT), Rajkot, Gujarat, DOI: /CSNT Page(s): , Rajkot, India 11th to 13th May L. J. Armstrong, D.A. Diepeveen and N. Gandhi, Effective ICTs in agricultural value chains to improve food security: An international perspective, IEEE World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies (WICT), Mumbai, India, DOI: /WICT Page(s): , Mumbai, India, 11th to 14th December P. Gaikwad and N. Gandhi, Information Needs and Challenges associated with the use of ICT among the farmers, International Congress on Innovative Trends in Information Technologies and Computing Sciences for Competitive World Order (ITITCSCWO), J.N.U, New Delhi, India, 2 nd and 3rd March N. Rajput, L. Saxena and N. Gandhi, Study on Apple farming using Wireless Sensor Networks in Northern India, Third International Conference on Computer Applications (ICCA), Pondicherry, India, 27th to 29th Dec