Managing Erosion in Vineyard Blocks and Avenues

Transcription

1 Managing Erosion in Vineyard Blocks and Avenues

2 Preventing Erosion and Flow Concentration Managing Concentrated Storm Runoff and Sediment Delivery from Vineyards

3 Evaluating drainage and erosion to comply with the Regional Water Boards Requirements Map Engineered Vineyard drainage infrastructure Subsurface drainage systems, underground outlets, diversion ditches, line waterways, outlets, etc. Erosional Features associated in and around the vineyard.

4 Evaluating drainage and erosion to comply with the Regional Water Boards Requirements Performance Standards for Drainage 1. Storm Runoff from an existing Hillslope Vineyard shall not cause or contribute to downstream increases in bed and/or bank erosion 2. Storm Runoff from a new Hillslope Vineyard: a) peak storm runoff in 2, 10, 50 and 100 yea, 24hr rainfall events shall not be greater then pre-development peak storm runoff. b) and bullet point 1.

5 Importance of Managing Erosion and Concentrated Flow Reduce and mitigate sedimentation to streams Improve and Maintain Fish and aquatic habitat Maintain a clean and thriving municipal water supply Maintain and Improve Water Quality Protect soil health and the ecology of the farm/land The most valuable resource on your land is your soil Improve water infiltration and ground water recharge.

6 Document existing County Approved Erosion Control Plans (ECP) Track I and/ or Track II ECP

7 Document practices already in place..

8 PRENTING EROSION AND CONTENTRATED FLOW Fundamental Approach and Methodology SLOW IT! SPREAD IT! SINK IT!

9 Maintain coverage throughout vineyard block and avenues with vegetation cover or mulch Describe current practices in detail

10 TILLED - ANNUAL COVER CROPS Cereal Barley Green Manure- OSB Legumes and Cereal Grains Magnus Peas Dundale Peas Vetch Bell Bean Barely Oats

11 Non-tilled Cover Crops Zorro Fescue vulpia myuros Blando Brome bromus mollis Rose Clover Perennials trifolium hirtum

12 Non-Tilled or Alternate-Tillage Soil Management The key to erosion control is excellent vegetated ground cover and healthy soil structure Promote soil qualities resilient to erosion Reduce tillage or adopt non-tillage practices Improve Soil Structure Reduce storm rain compaction and run-off Improve infiltration of storm water Improve root growth

13 No-Till vs Tillage Soil at RCD Huichica Creek Vineyard SLAKE TEST Total Organic Carbon No Till 2.8% (NAPA RCD) Tillage 1.8% (ARS-USDA)

14 Maximizing Vineyard Ground Coverage Vegetation Growth under the vine row Herbicide usage? Types of herbicide Strip spray widths? Mulching under vines

15 Maximizing Vineyard Ground Coverage Keep Spray Strips Narrow

16 Winterization Inspection ranch after major storm events Use Photo monitoring points to evaluate condition of sensitive areas after large storms Emergency erosion control materials are stage and readily available

17 Crimped Straw in Newly developed Ground or Replant

18 Winterization Taking Action!

19 Managing Concentrated Storm Runoff and Sediment Delivery from Vineyards Prevent Concentrated Flow Convey concentrated flow in way that prevents erosion Release and dissipate concentrated flow from basin, pond, or spreader into a rock, vegetated, and stable location.

20 Analyzing Potential areas of natural concentrated flow Identify Locations of: Out letting storm drains/ culverts Drop inlets throughout the vineyard Stream crossing and other points of potential stream delivery Potential sources of erosion Locations for attenuation and sediment basins

21 Understanding the dynamics of concentered flow through vineyard Blocks, avenues and the delivery point. Concentrated Flow is not bad Concentrated Flow is natural Prevent increase flow velocities and accelerated erosion in and around the vineyard!

22 Engineered and Accelerated Concentrated Flow Mid slope diversion ditches Road side ditches

23 Basin Outlets, Spillway, and Dissipation Features QUESTION: Concentrated flows that are convened into a basin are released slowly and outlet to a stable location? Locate on Map

24 Avenues versus Roads Majority of erosion issues in vineyards are associated with perimeter avenues and roads. Prevent and mitigate concentrated flow. Consider rocking and reshaping surface if the road is used year round.

25 Down slope, sediments delivered to storm drain.

26 It takes a half a millennia to build two centimeters of living soil and only seconds to destroy it. - Anne Glover