Biological Study of Jasmine Bud Worm, Hendecasis duplifascialis Hampsn. (Pyraustidae: Lepidoptera) from India

Transcription

1 Interntionl Journl of Current Microiology nd Applied Sciences ISSN: Volume 7 Numer 06 (2018) Journl homepge: Originl Reserch Article Biologicl Study of Jsmine Bud Worm, Hendecsis duplifscilis Hmpsn. (Pyrustide: Lepidopter) from Indi T. Krishn Chitny* nd K. Kumr Deprtment of Agriculturl Entomology nd Nemtology, Pndit Jwhrll Nehru College of Agriculture nd Reserch Institute, Krikl, U. T. of Puducherry , Indi *Corresponding uthor A B S T R A C T K e y w o r d s Jsminum smc, Biology, Hendecsis duplifscilis Article Info Accepted: 21 My 2018 Aville Online: 10 June 2018 The ud worm, Hendecsis duplifscilis Hmpsn is one of the mjor pests of jsmine, Jsminum smc. The iology of udworm, H. duplifscilis ws studied nd found tht the incution period, totl lrvl nd pupl period were 3.40 ± 0.23, ± 1.30 nd 5.80 ± 0.19 dys respectively. The longevity of mle nd femle moths ws 3.10 ± 0.23 nd 4.10 ± 0.31 dys respectively. The totl life cycle for mle nd femle moths ws found to e ± 1.95 nd ± 2.03 dys respectively. It ws lso oserved tht the longevity of femle moth ws longer compred to the mle. Introduction Jsmine (Jsminum smc Aiton.) is one of the most importnt frgrnt flower crops grown commercilly for loose flowers. Jsmine uds re used for mking grlnds, ouquets, decorting women s hir, for religious offerings nd for the production of perfumed oils nd ttrs. The flowers nd other prts of the plnt lso find plce in useful medicines (Rmds et l., 1985). The term jsmine is derived from the Aric Persin word Ysmin with mening of gift from god. In Tmil Ndu, J. smc is cultivted in the districts of Mduri, Rmnthpurm, Knykumri, Tirunelveli, Dindugl, Coimtore nd Slem 2884 (Jychndrn, 2001). There re out 50 different insect pest species elonging to more thn eight orders hrour the vried microhitts of the jsmine plnts. The most devstting pest of jsmine is ud worm, H. duplifscilis. The udworm, H. duplifscilis, ws first reported in 1896 y Hmpson in West Afric, Indi, Ceylon nd Dvid (1958) recorded in South Indi nd Delhi. Lnfng et l., (2007) reported tht the jsmine udworm, H. duplifscilis ws widely distriuted in ll jsmine plnting res in Yunjing, with jsmine s the only host species. It occurred from April to Octoer, with the ovipositionl peks in July, August nd Septemer. Knowledge of the iology of insect pests is

2 prerequisite for pest mngement. A successful mngement pln requires informtion out species iology including its diet nd lifecycle, how it intercts with the environment nd with other species s well s species ehviour cn e mnipulted to prevent or reduce yield losses. Mterils nd Methods The lrve collected from the field (Fig. 1) on Jsminum smc ws introduced on the potted plnts of J. smc under greenhouse condition nd cultured for the experiment. The pupe were collected nd kept in petri pltes. These pltes were trnsferred inside the dult emergence/oviposition cge ( cm). Ten per cent sugr solution with cotton sw ws provided in penicillin vil s food to the dults. Fresh unopened rnches with uds were plced in 250 ml conicl flsk filled with wter nd plugged with cotton sw so s to keep the uds fresh nd plced inside the oviposition cge. The moths on emergence were llowed for oviposition on the uds. Fresh rnches with few uds were provided s feed to the lrve s nd when required. This culture ws utilised for further studies. Ten pirs were relesed inside rering cge ( cm) nd llowed for mting nd oviposition. These moths were crefully oserved t frequent intervls. The time intervl etween emergence nd first oviposition gve the mting nd preoviposition period nd the time etween the first nd lst oviposition gve the oviposition period. A pir of mle nd femle moths were confined in five litre plstic continer (dimeter 10 cm) soon fter emergence. Inside the plstic continer, rnches hving unopened uds of J. smc were plced in 100 ml conicl flsk filled with wter nd plugged with cotton. Ten per cent sugr solution ws provided s feed nd the continer ws covered with muslin cloth. Similr conditions were mde for ten pirs of dults. After 48 hr, the uds were removed nd the numer of eggs lid ws counted. The percentge htchility ws worked out from the totl numer of eggs lid nd the numer of lrve htched. The neonte lrve were closely oserved from htching to puption. Ten neonte lrve were oserved nd the numer of dys ws recorded to find the lrvl nd pupl periods. The moths on htching from ten pupe were oserved closely y mintining them in rering cge with ten per cent sugr solution s feed nd the dult longevity ws worked out in dys (Sugnthi et l., 2006). Results nd Discussion The results on the iology of udworm, H. duplifscilis ws given in Tle 1. It ws found tht the eggs re lid singly in nd surrounding the ud. The egg (Fig 2) ws white in colour nd the incution period ws found to e 3.40 ± 0.23 dys. The lrve were ple green in colour (Fig. 2). There were five lrvl instrs with the men durtion of the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th nd 5 th instrs of 2.80 ± 0.19, 2.20 ± 0.19, 1.20 ± 0.19, 2.80 ± 0.35 nd 2.60 ± 0.38 dys respectively. The totl lrvl period ws ± 1.30 dys. The lrve pupte y spinning cocoon t the junction of petiole nd lef lde. The verge pupl (Fig. 4) period ws 5.80 ± 0.19 dys. The dult moths (Fig. 5) were ctive nd fed with sugr solution for lying the eggs. The longevity of the mle nd femle moths ws 3.10 ± 0.23 nd 4.10 ± 0.31 dys respectively. The totl life cycle were ± 1.95 nd ± 2.03 dys for mle nd femle moths respectively nd found tht the longevity of femle ws higher compred to the mle. 2885

3 Fig.1 Experimentl field lyout Fig.2 Dmge symptom of jsmine udworm, Hendecsis duplifscilis (Hmpsn.) 2886

4 Fig.3, Egg, Lrv c, Pup d, Adult Tle.1 Biology of udworm, Hendecsis duplifscilis (Hmpsn.) under lortory condition Sl. No. Stges of Hendecsis duplifscilis Men No. of Dys ± SE (Men of 2 replictions) 1. Incution period 3.40 ± Lrvl period (instr wise) c d e I instr 2.80 ± 0.19 II instr 2.20 ± 0.19 III instr 1.20 ± 0.19 IV instr 2.80 ± 0.35 V instr 2.60 ± 0.38 Totl lrvl period 11.60± Pupl period 5.80 ± Adult longevity Mle Femle 3.10 ± ± Totl durtion of the life cycle Mle Femle 23.90± ±

5 The iology of jsmine udworm, H. duplifscilis, nd the incution period, totl lrvl nd pupl period ws found to e 3.40±0.23, 11.60±1.30 nd 5.80±0.19 dys respectively. The totl life cycle for mle nd femle moths ws found to e 23.90±1.95 nd 24.90±2.03 dys respectively (Tle 1). It ws lso oserved tht, in cse of udworm, H. duplifscilis the longevity of femle moth ws higher compred to the mle. Lnfng et l., (2007) indicted tht the egg, lrv, pup nd dult period of H. duplifscilis lsted for 3.05, 11.95, 5.05 nd 4.95 dys respectively. The totl lifecycle lsted for dys with 10 to 11 overlpping genertions in seven months. The present findings re in ccordnce with the ove findings. References Dvid, S.K Insects nd mites ffecting jsmine in Mdrs stte. Mdrs Agric. J., 45: Hmpson, G.F The fun of British Indi including Ceylon nd Burm. Moths. IV. Dr. W. Junk Pulishers. The Hgue, pp Jychndrn, R Mlligi cultivtion. Vlrum Velnmi, Tmil Ndu Agriculture University, Coimtore. pp Lnfng, G., T. Chyops, S. Srikch, P. Rtnstien, J. Lerksunkte, S. Thothong nd P. Kienmeesuke Biology of jsmine flower orer, Hendecsis duplifscilis Hmpson. Entomology nd Zoology Gzette, 23(3): Rmds, S., G.B. Peter nd S. Muthuswmi Jsmine In: Commercil flowers (eds), T.K. Bose nd L.P. Ydv. Ny Prksh Pulishers, Clcutt, Indi. pp Sugnthi, A., S. Chndrsekrn nd A. Regupthy Pheromone relese ehviour of jsmine udworm, Hendecsis duplifscilis Hmpson. (Pyrustide: Lepidopter). Indin Journl of Entomology, 3(3): How to cite this rticle: Krishn Chitny T. nd Kumr K Biologicl Study of Jsmine Bud Worm, Hendecsis duplifscilis Hmpsn. (Pyrustide: Lepidopter) from Indi. Int.J.Curr.Microiol.App.Sci. 7(06): doi: