Small Grains 2010 Summary

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1 United s Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Small Grains Summary September ISSN: 46X

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3 Special Note NASS is in the process of modifying report layouts in order to improve readability. This is the first issue produced using the new layout. This report issue is published using both layouts but future issues will only be produced using this layout. The previous layout is available on the NASS website: All wheat production totaled. billion bushels in, down percent from the August forecast but up slightly from 0. Grain area is 4. million acres, down 4 percent from last year. The United s yield is a record high 46. bushels per acre,.3 bushels higher than last year and.8 bushels higher than the previous record set in 08. The levels of production and changes from last year by type are: winter wheat,.4 billion bushels, down 3 percent; other spring wheat, 6 million bushels, up percent; Durum wheat, million bushels, up percent. Oat production is estimated at a record low 8. million bushels, 6 percent below the August forecast and down percent from last year. Yield is estimated at 64.6 bushels per acre, down. bushels from the last forecast and down. bushels from the previous year. Compared with last year, yields decreased or stayed the same for most s, with the exception of Michigan, Texas, and several s in the Northwest. Harvested area, at. million acres, is 4 percent below August and 8 percent below last year. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, continuing a steady downward trend. Barley production is estimated at 8 million bushels, down percent from the August forecast and percent below 0. Average yield per acre, at 3.6 bushels, is up.3 bushels from August and 0.6 bushel from last year and is the highest yield on record since estimates began in 866. Producers seeded.8 million acres in, down percent from last year. This is the lowest planted acreage on record. Harvested area, at.4 million acres, is down 3 percent from the August forecast and down percent from 0, and the lowest level since 88. This report was approved on September,. Acting Secretary of Agriculture James W. Miller Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Hubert Hamer Small Grains Summary (September ) 3

4 Contents Oat Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: Oat Yield and Production s and United s: Barley Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: Barley Yield and Production s and United s: All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: All Wheat Yield and Production s and United s: Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: Winter Wheat Yield and Production s and United s: Other Spring Wheat Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production s and United s: Durum Wheat Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production s and United s: Wheat Production by Class United s: Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class s: 0 and... 6 Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class s: 0 and... Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot Selected s: Rye Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production s and United s: Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production United s: 08 (Domestic Units)... Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production United s: 08 (Metric Units)... Crop Comments... Statistical Methodology... 4 Information Contacts... 4 Small Grains Summary (September )

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6 Oat Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: 08 Alabama... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) Maine... Michigan... Minnesota... Missouri... Montana... Nebraska... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio Oklahoma... Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming United s... 3,4 3,4 3,38,0,3,68 Not available. Includes area planted in preceding fall. Estimates began in 0. 6 Small Grains Summary (September )

7 Oat Yield and Production s and United s: 08 Alabama... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Yield Production (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,000 40,,3, 3 4,8, ,0 8,,0, ,,8 0,3 8 8,0,0 8 4,3,0 Maine... Michigan... Minnesota... Missouri... Montana... Nebraska... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio ,0 3,,00 3,,0 4,4,0 6,6 3,00,0 3,46,00 4,,00 4,6,00, 3,3,0 4,0,38 3,64,00 3, , 3,00 Oklahoma... Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming ,0 4,6,6 8,, , 0,0 4,8 8 6,0, , 6,4 4, 6, 4, 6 6 4,8 4 United s... Not available. Estimates began in ,3 3,08 8,8 Small Grains Summary (September )

8 Barley Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: 08 Arizona... California... Colorado... Delaware... Idaho... Kansas... Kentucky... Maine... Maryland... Michigan... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) Minnesota... Montana... Nevada... New Jersey... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oregon... Pennsylvania , , 8 4, 4, South Dakota... Utah... Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming United s... 4,46 3,6,8 3, 3,3,4 Not available. Includes area planted in preceding fall. Estimates discontinued in 0. 8 Small Grains Summary (September )

9 Barley Yield and Production s and United s: 08 Arizona... California... Colorado... Delaware... Idaho... Kansas... Kentucky... Maine... Maryland... Michigan... Yield Production (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,0 3,0 8,6, 4, ,0 3,0 4,,0,3,8 48,0 8 3,3 6,00 4, 8,3, 43, 00,3 Minnesota... Montana... Nevada... New Jersey... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oregon... Pennsylvania ,0 3, , 3, 4, 4,8 4,0,,, 3,3 4,3 3,0 0 43,8 3,000 3,3 South Dakota... Utah... Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming ,63, 3,0,,6 6,00,88,0 3,8 6,8,4 6, 4,4 3,6,83,4 6,3 United s... Not available. Estimates discontinued in ,3,33 8,884 Small Grains Summary (September )

10 All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: 08 Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Delaware... Florida... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres),00 8,0 4,0,0 3 4,6 0 3, ,48 0 0,0 3 0,36 3 0,3, , , ,3,3 Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Maryland... Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi... Missouri...,0 0,,0 40 8,0 8 6,6 0 8,0 30, , ,80 48, 0 8,0 30 0, 6 8, ,6 Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Jersey... New Mexico... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma...,, ,,,0,, ,6,0,00,4, ,,0,40, ,6,00 4,00,, ,4 3,00,, ,0 0 3,00 Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Tennessee... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... West Virginia... Wisconsin... Wyoming... 3,66 6,0 0 3, , 4 6,0 4 0,0 33 6,8,00, ,4 3,0 3, ,00 3,0 4, , 3,0 3,8 United s... 63,3,68 3,3,6 4,83 4,6 Includes area planted in preceding fall. Small Grains Summary (September )

11 All Wheat Yield and Production s and United s: 08 Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Delaware... Florida... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Yield Production (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,0,,8 4,,00 6,083,6,0 8,0 3,0,00,8, 43,0,6 4,4,00,, 6,3,3 8,, 8,34,6,000 8, 6, Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Maryland... Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi... Missouri ,6,6 36,000 3,6, 3, 48,0 4,4,00,6,0 0 36,0,,0,00 3,3 84, 8,0 34,3 3,0 4 3,000 6,00,00 8, 3,00 88,00 4,00,0 Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Jersey... New Mexico... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma , 3,4,,03 4,0,686 43,0 3,0 4, 66,00 6,6 6,0,,4 3,00 6,8,0 3,0 0,,000 6,60 64,00,0, 8, 6,00 4,0 34,,0,00 Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Tennessee... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... West Virginia... Wisconsin... Wyoming ,0,8,00, 3,,000,6,8 8,0 4 3,0 4,86 48,88,0,00,4,3 6,0,8, 3,08 0,4,06 63,3 8,80 4,6 3,4,,00 6,3 8, 4,80 0 4, 4,6 United s ,4,64,8,06,3,3 Small Grains Summary (September )

12 Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested s and United s: 08 Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Delaware... Florida... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres),00 6,0 4 80,0 4 6, , , ,0 30 3, , Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Maryland... Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi... Missouri...,0 0,0 40 8, , , , 0 8, , Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Jersey... New Mexico... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma...,0, ,,0,0, ,0,00,00, ,0,4, ,00 4,00,4,0 0 3,00,0, ,00 Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Tennessee... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... West Virginia... Wisconsin... Wyoming...,00 6,0 3, ,00 4 6,0 0, ,,00 3,0 6 8,80 3,0, , 3,0 3, ,0 3,0 8, United s... 46, 43,346 3,33 3,8 34, 3,4 Includes area planted in preceding fall. Small Grains Summary (September )

13 Winter Wheat Yield and Production s and United s: 08 Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Delaware... Florida... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Yield Production (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,0 0,8 34,000,000 6,083,6,0,000 3,0,00 4, 6,0 8,000 4,4,00 6,00, 6,3 0 8, 8,0,0,6,000 8, 6, Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Maryland... Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi... Missouri ,6,6 36,000 3,6, 3, 48,0 3,6,00,6,0 0 36,0,,0,00 3,3,0 8,0 34,3 3,0 4 3,000 6,00,00 8, 3,00,8 4,00,0 Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Jersey... New Mexico... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma ,3 3,4,03 4,0,686 43,0,0 4, 66,00 8, 6,0,,4 3,00 6,8,0 6, 0,,000 3,0 64,00,00, 8, 6,00 4,0,0,0,00 Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Tennessee... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... West Virginia... Wisconsin... Wyoming ,0,8,00 3,0 3,,000 4,,8 6,3 4, 3, 4,000,0,00 64,,3 6,0 6,0, 6, 0,4,06 4,0 8,80 4,6 63,00,,00,664 8,,0 0 4, 4,6 United s ,86,333,4,8,48,36 Small Grains Summary (September ) 3

14 Other Spring Wheat Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production s and United s: 08 Colorado... Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... Nevada... North Dakota... Oregon... South Dakota... Utah... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres),80,0 6,0, ,0,0 4 6,0, ,0,80 4 6,0,0 6 36,0,4 4 6,0 0, 3,0, 6,0,40 8 6,0,0 6,0 3,4 3 United s... Colorado... Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... Nevada... North Dakota... Oregon... South Dakota... Utah... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming... 4,6 Yield 3,68 3,68 3, Production, (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,00 3,4,0, 3 46,0,60 68,0 836, ,6,8 8,0 0,00 0 8,0 6,88 64,6 8 6,3 3,3,484 48,8 8,0 4,00 86,60,3,,00 United s... Not available. Estimates discontinued in ,004 84,4 66,3 4 Small Grains Summary (September )

15 Durum Wheat Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production s and United s: 08 Arizona... California... Idaho... Montana... North Dakota... South Dakota... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) 0 0,0 0,60,0 4 0, ,0, United s... Arizona... California... Idaho... Montana... North Dakota... South Dakota..., Yield,4,0,4 Production, (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,,,8 4,0 0,0,000,6 6,8 6,,,08,0,0 8,0 0,3 United s ,8,04, Wheat Production by Class United s: 08 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data] Crop 08 0 Winter Hard red... Soft red... Hard white... Soft white... (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels),034,64 63,8,0 6,3,3 3,84 8,48 8,43,08,33 3,4 3,46, Spring Hard red... Hard white... Soft white... Durum...,38 6,3, 83,8 4,33,86 8,63,04,,3 3,0, Total...,4,64,8,06,3,3 Small Grains Summary (September )

16 Wheat Class Percentage Estimates The following percentages are the basis for the United s wheat production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These endofseason percentages will be used during the forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a s usual distribution, then updated percentages will be used to forecast the production by class. (Note: The Idaho, Oregon, and Washington percentages are based on their estimates of production by class). Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class s: 0 and Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Delaware... Florida... Georgia... Idaho... Illinois... Hard red Soft red Hard white Soft white All white (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Maryland... Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi... Missouri Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Jersey... New Mexico... New York... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... South Dakota... Tennessee... Texas... Utah... Virginia... Washington... West Virginia... Wisconsin... Wyoming... Represents zero Small Grains Summary (September )

17 Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class s: 0 and Colorado... Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... Nevada... North Dakota... Oregon... South Dakota... Utah... Washington... Represents zero. Hard red Hard white Soft white All white (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) Small Grains Summary (September )

18 Winter Wheat Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in winter wheat estimating s during. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot Selected s: Colorado July... August... Final... (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) Illinois July... August... Final Kansas July... August... Final Missouri July... August... Final Montana July... August... Final Nebraska July... August... Final Ohio July... August... Final Oklahoma July... August... Final Texas July... August... Final Washington July... August... Final... Not available Small Grains Summary (September )

19 Rye Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production s and United s: 08 Georgia... Oklahoma... Area planted Area harvested (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) Other s United s... Georgia... Oklahoma..., Yield,4, 6 Production (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) ,0,0 6,00 Other s ,34,08 4, United s Includes area planted in preceding fall. Other s include Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin. 8.0, 6,3,43 Small Grains Summary (September )

20 Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production United s: 08 (Domestic Units) Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Area planted 08 0 (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) 4,46 3,4, 63,3 46,, 4,6 Area harvested 3,6 3,4,4,68 43,346,4 3, (,000 acres) (,000 acres) (,000 acres) 3,,0 6,6 3,8,4 3, Yield 3,3,3 4,83 34,,48, 08 0 (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) Production (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels) (,000 bushels),3 8,3,,4,64,86,333 83,8 48,004,33 3,08 6,3,8,06,4,8,04 84,4,8 3,38, 3,3 3,33,0 3,68,4,68 6 4,6 3,4, 3, ,884 8,8,43,3,3,48,36, 66,3 Small Grains Summary (September )

21 Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production United s: 08 (Metric Units) Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Crop Barley... Oats... Rye... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... All wheat may not add due to rounding. Area planted 08 0 (hectares) (hectares) (hectares),8,3,34,0 0,,3, 8,3,,,,3,4 Area harvested,443,,3, 0, 3,44,00,4,60,033,,36, (hectares) (hectares) (hectares),,3 66,0 8,8,,8 6,08,,04,60,40,0 Yield,,0 8,00,,,0 3,6,80 8,0,4, 08 0 (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) Production (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) 3,486,30,4,8,0 68,06, 0,8,4,8,0 4,4, 3,,,33,0 0,3,36, 4,43,0,6,6,0,0,6,0,6, 40,0,6,0,,,0,00,43,4,0 3,0,,86,3,848,00,03,4,44, ,6,0,,,,4,3,4,00 3,0,0,06,4 Small Grains Summary (September )

22 Crop Comments Oats: The production is estimated at 8. million bushels, down percent from last year and is a record low production. Yield is estimated at 64.6 bushels per acre, down. bushels from the previous year. Area planted to oats is estimated at a record low 3.4 million acres, down 8 percent from 0. The largest decline occurred in North Dakota, where planted area decreased 0,000 acres from last year and is a record low for that. In total, record lows for planted acres were set in s. Harvested area is estimated at a record low. million acres, 8 percent below last year. The largest decline occurred in North Dakota, where area harvested for grain decreased,000 acres from last year and is also a record low for that. Record lows for harvested area occurred in s. In California, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Virginia, and Wisconsin, excessively wet weather hindered the crop, with the average yield in these s declining bushels from last year. In Oregon, favorable growing conditions led to a bushel increase in yield from last year and ties a record high yield for that. Yield increases of bushels per acre occurred in Michigan, Montana, and Texas. During early spring, planting of the oat crop was ahead of the normal pace. By April, growers had planted percent of the acreage, points ahead of normal. During April, emergence also was ahead of the normal pace. By April, emergence was 4 percent complete, 3 points ahead of the year average. As of May, planting was complete, with the crop 3 percent emerged, point behind the normal pace. Through June, crop development was ahead of normal in most major oatproducing s. As of June, seventyfour percent of the oat acreage was headed, 3 points ahead of the year average. However, North Dakota, the third largest oatproducing, lagged percentage points behind the year average. By August, fortyseven percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 3 points ahead of the normal pace. Also at this time, harvest in Texas was nearly complete at percent with Ohio following closely behind at 6 percent. In North Dakota, harvest had just begun at 4 percent, and was 3 points behind normal. By August, harvest was 6 percent complete in the major producing s, points ahead of the year average. Barley: Production is estimated at 8 million bushels, down percent from the August forecast and percent below 0. Average yield per acre, at 3.6 bushels, is up.3 bushels from August and 0.6 bushel from last year and is the highest yield on record since estimates began in 866. Producers seeded.8 million acres in, down percent from last year. This is the lowest planted acreage on record. Harvested area, at.4 million acres, is down 3 percent from the August forecast and down percent from 0, and the lowest level since 88. Barley seedings decreased in Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota, the three largest barleyproducing s. Producers in North Dakota seeded,000 acres and harvested 6,000 acres, both down percent from the previous year. Seeded area in North Dakota establishes a record low for the, while harvested area is the lowest since 36. In addition, Michigan, Minnesota, and South Dakota producers set new record lows for seeded acreage. A record low for harvested area was set in South Dakota and tied in Michigan. Conversely, record high yields were set in Arizona, Montana, and Utah. Barley seeding was well underway across much of the major producing regions by April 8, when 8 percent of the Nation s crop was in the ground. Above average temperatures and mostly dry weather during February and March promoted an early start to seeding in Washington, while cool, wet conditions and latespring snow hampered fieldwork in Idaho. By May, ninetysix percent of the crop had been seeded, with overall progress at or ahead of normal in all five of the major estimating s except Montana. By June 3, emergence was complete or nearly complete in the five major estimating s. Although mostly warm temperatures in early July promoted rapid head development across much of the major barleyproducing areas, overall progress in Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota remained behind normal following slow crop development earlier in the growing season. Harvest was underway in most s by the end of July, and had advanced to percent complete by September 6, behind both last year and the year average. As harvest surpassed the halfway point during the week ending August, eightyfour percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent condition, compared with percent from the same time last year. Winter Wheat: The winter wheat production totaled.4 billion bushels, down 3 percent from the August forecast and 3 percent below last year. The United s yield is 46.8 bushels per acre, up.6 bushels from the previous year and Small Grains Summary (September )

23 the fourth highest on record. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 3. million acres, down percent from the last forecast and down 8 percent from the previous year. Planted acres were down from 0 in many of the major Hard Red Winter growing s. While harvested acres were down from last year in most of the major growing s, ideal weather conditions in Oklahoma and Texas resulted in an increase of.0 million harvested acres from 0 in those two s. Record high yields occurred in Colorado, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota. Overall, Hard Red Winter production totaled.0 billion bushels, up percent from 0. Planted and harvested acres decreased from a year ago across all of the Soft Red Winter growing area due to the late row crop harvest and wet weather during seeding. Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and Ohio set record lows for planted acres. Production was down from last year in all of the Soft Red Winter growing s. Production was down 0 percent or more from 0 in Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and North Carolina. Overall, Soft Red Winter production totaled 38 million bushels, down 4 percent from last year. White winter production totaled million bushels, up 4 percent from last year. Planted and harvested acreage in the Pacific Northwest s (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) was above last year's levels. Yields were also up from last year in all three s. Other Spring Wheat: Production for is estimated at 6 million bushels, up percent from 0 and the third highest total on record. Harvested area is 3.4 million acres, up 3 percent from last year. The United s yield is a record high 46. bushels per acre,.8 bushels higher than last year which was the previous record. Yields are above last year s level in all s except North Dakota and South Dakota. Average yield in North Dakota, the largest spring wheatproducing, declined 0. bushel from 0 to. bushels per acre. Record high yields were set in Colorado, Montana, and Oregon. Planting got off to a good start in many of the major spring wheatproducing s. Progress of the crop was ahead of last year, but lagged behind the year average due to cooler temperatures. The growing season was marked by below normal temperatures and adequate moisture. Crop maturation continued behind normal throughout the growing season. As a result, harvest progress lagged behind the normal in most s in the growing area. Harvest progress was at normal or ahead in South Dakota and Minnesota. As of September 6, harvest was complete in Minnesota, South Dakota, and Washington while Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota were trailing behind the year average. Most notably, Montana was 33 points behind the year average. Durum Wheat: Production for is estimated at million bushels, up percent from the August forecast and percent higher than 0. Grain area harvested is.3 million acres, down percent from the August forecast but up 4 percent from the previous year. The United s yield is 44.0 bushels per acre, 0. bushel lower than the record yield set last year but still the second highest yield on record. Record yields occurred in all s except Idaho. North Dakota s yield of 3. bushels per acre is 0. bushel higher than the record set last year. As of September 6, harvest progress in Montana and North Dakota was behind normal, trailing the year average by 3 and 6 points, respectively. Rye: Production for is estimated at.43 million bushels, up 6 percent from last year. Harvested area totaled 6,000 acres, up 3,000 acres from 0. The United s yield, at 8.0 bushels per acre, is up slightly from last year. Improved growing conditions in Oklahoma resulted in increased harvested acres and yield over 0. Small Grains Summary (September ) 3

24 Statistical Methodology Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted to gather information on small grain acreage, yield, and production. The objective yield survey was conducted in s that accounted for over percent of the winter wheat production. Early in the growing season, farm operators were interviewed to seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. Throughout the growing season, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were collected from these plots. The plots were revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads were clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator harvested the sample field, enumerators revisited the sample to obtain harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. Approximately 66,000 producers were interviewed between August and September and asked questions pertaining to planted and harvested area as well as yield and production. Estimating Procedures: National and level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared with previous years. Each Field Office submits an estimate and written analysis for their to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data, administrative data, and the analysis to prepare the estimates published in this report. Revision Policy: Estimates contained in this report may be revised in the Crop Production Annual Summary report published in January should new information become available. Previous year acreage, yield, and production estimates can be revised in the Small Grain Summary published the following year, if new information is available that would justify a change. Estimates will also be reviewed after data for the year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: The surveys used to make the acreage, yield, and production estimates contained in this report are subject to sampling and nonsampling type errors that are common to all surveys. Reliability of the objective yield and farmer survey must be treated separately because the survey designs for the two surveys are different. The objective yield indications are subject to sampling variability because all acres of winter wheat are not included in the sample. The farm operator survey indications are also subject to sampling variability because all operations with small grains are not included in the sample. This variability, as measured by the relative standard error at the National level, is approximately. percent for winter wheat,. percent for Durum wheat, and.4 percent for other spring wheat. This means that chances are approximately out of that survey estimates for production will be within plus or minus 3.4 percent for winter wheat,. percent for Durum wheat, and 4.8 percent for other spring wheat of the value that could be developed by averaging the estimates produced from all possible samples selected from the same population and surveyed using the same procedures. The relative standard errors for barley, oats and rye are., 3., and.4 percent, respectively. Survey indications are also subject to nonsampling errors such as omission, duplication, imputation for missing data, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but they are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. 4 Small Grains Summary (September )

25 Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. inquiries may be sent to Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch... () Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section... () Suzanne Avilla Peanuts, Rice... () 688 Shiela Corley Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum... () 44 Bryan Durham Hay, Oats... () Anthony Prillaman Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed... () 6 Nick Schauer Wheat, Rye... () 68 Julie Schmidt Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops... () 6 Travis Thorson Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds... () 36 Small Grains Summary (September )

26 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: Both national and state specific reports are available via a free subscription. To setup this free subscription, visit and in the Receive NASS Updates box under Receive reports by , click on National or to select the reports you would like to receive. Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling tollfree (0) 6, or (03) 6 if calling from outside the United s or Canada. Accepted methods of payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (0), : a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or nass@nass.usda.gov. The United s Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at () 0 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 0 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 04, or call (0) 3 (voice) or () 638 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

27 USDA Data Users Meeting Monday October, Crowne Plaza ChicagoMetro Chicago, Illinois The USDA s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and information programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, the Foreign Agricultural Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting. For registration details or additional information for the Data Users Meeting, see the NASS homepage at or contact Marie Jordan (NASS) at 6084 or at marie_jordan@nass.usda.gov. This Data Users Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook Meeting that will be held at the same location on Tuesday October 6,. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from various commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional information for the Industry Outlook Meeting, see the Livestock and Marketing Information Center (LMIC) homepage at or contact Erica Rosa 3346 at rosa@lmic.info or Laura Lahr at lahr@lmic.info.