NFCSO DPPSCA Pesticide Analytical Laboratory, Velence Hungarian experience in the analysis of formulated and counterfeit pesticides

Transcription

1 National Food Chain Safety Office Pesticide Analytical Laboratory NFCSO DPPSCA Pesticide Analytical Laboratory, Velence Hungarian experience in the analysis of formulated and counterfeit pesticides

2 Overview Introduction of the Hungarian organization Official control of PPP-s on the market International aspects of the illegal PPP trade Cases of suspect, counterfeit PPP-s in our laboratory Conclusions 2

3 Hungarian laboratories Pesticide analytical laboratories 4 regional laboratories, 1 laboratory with two fields of activity: pesticide residues quality control of PPP 3

4 Accreditation Certificates OECD GLP ( the laboratory is able to carry out analytical phase of residue studies and analytical chemistry in compliance with the principles of GLP) Accreditation no.: OGYI/ /2015 Validity: National Accreditation Authority (NAH) accredited according to MSZ EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standard Registration no.: NAH /2017 Validity:

5 EU-NRL activities National Reference Laboratory Reference Laboratories (RL) were established in accordance with REGULATION (EC) No 882/2004 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL (29 April 2004) on official controls performed to ensure the verification of compliance with feed and food law, animal health and animal welfare rules Since 2006 our laboratory has carried out the tasks of EU- NRL in the field of analysis of pesticide residues in cereals and feeding stuff (EU-NRL-CF) Since 2012 in the field of samples of animal origin and high fat content (EU-NRL-AO) Since 2016 in the field of fruits and vegetables (EU-NRL-FV) and in the field of single residue methods (EU-NRL-SRM) 5

6 Pesticide residue analysis Fields of activities of the pesticide analytical laboratory Food of plant origin Food of animal origin Processed food samples Feeding stuff Baby food Organic products Investigation of bee poisoning Investigation of PPP drift Water and soil monitoring Investigation of other environmental damages 6

7 Our results In 2013 in feed matrix we obtained the 1st place among 132 laboratories, in sample matrices of animal origin the second place, in fruit and vegetables category the 10th place. In 2015 in fruit and vegetables matrices we finished on the 1st place. 165 laboratories participated in the test. In sample matrices of animal origin we obtained the 4th place. In 2016 in fruit and vegetables matrices we finished on the 4th place. In the sample matrix of animal origin based on our result we were on the 4th place. 7

8 Our results In 2017 we won two Arne Andersson awards, one in the field of fruits and vegetables and the other in the field of foodstuffs of animal origin 8

9 Pesticide formulation analysis Quality control of PPP Checking the active ingredient content of the products Checking the physical parameters of the products Investigation of users complaint Investigation of environmental damages (drifts during spraying) Taking part in the CIPAC work (43 collaborative trials) Taking part in proficiency studies (12 PT, AFSCA, AAPCO) 9

10 Official control of PPP The quality of pesticides is controlled based on a yearly control plan. The sampling is carried out by the plant protection officers, at traders and farmer shops. The authority has a close cooperation with the special investigation authorities (custom, finance) in case of suspicious products Through this monitoring program we check, whether the commercially available PPP-s fulfil the quality requirements stated in the registration documents in terms of : active ingredient content physical and chemical properties packaging and labelling 10

11 10000 Sold amount of PPP in Hungary (A.I. in t.) PPP products sold in Hungary A m o u n t Year Fungicide Herbicide Insecticide Other 11

12 Official control of PPP, used methods The active ingredient content of samples is checked using mainly HPLC and GC-FID The samples are checked using a GC-FID system temp.prog., or an HPLC gradient run to check the presence of possible impurities An FTIR spectrum is recorded for each sample In case of suspicious samples, if the fingerprint chromatograms or FTIR spectrum of the original and suspect samples differ then we will try to confirm it using MS technique Used methods: CIPAC methods, inhouse multiactive methods, other methods 12

13 Checked Plant Protection Products in 2017 in Hungary Quality control of PPP insecticide fungicide test herbicide treated seeds other PPP

14 Counterfeit PPP-s, international situation Word Pesticide Market billion Euro/year Estimation of the illegal trade: EUROPOL > 10% OECD > 5-7% DG SANCO ~ 10% Main entrance points to Europe: Hamburg, Rotterdam The use of illegal pesticides has been detected all over Europe, North East Europe has been targeted in particular by the criminal networks involved in this activity 14

15 How these products are smuggled to the destination country: False documentation of the product False transport documents, false custom declarations False address of the sender Abusing parallel import licenses Imported as bulk products, packed and labelled in EU Components of PPP transported separately and formulated in EU From distribution points in smaller quantities 15

16 Problems with the counterfeit PPP economic and reputation damage to farmers, industry, governments and to the food production chain, reducing public confidence in the quality of PPP, in the regulatory process and endangers investment for the future Unknown composition Not registered, neither tested nor evaluated products May contain toxic banned and restricted chemicals, impurities Risk to the consumers of the produced goods (unacceptable residues on the products) Risk to the crops High risk to the users (unknown, undeclared components) Risk to the environment Undeclared AI can leave unacceptable residues in products The production of illegal pesticides is not required to comply with industry standards 16

17 Types of illegal and counterfeit pesticides on the market: good quality counterfeit products which can be distinguished from the original just in specialized laboratories there are also some low quality level fake products, no proper packaging, no labels and may contain any other materials abuse with the parallel import, the approved parallel import products are changed with fake ones 17

18 Parameters which may give rise to suspicion: Much more cheaper than the original It has other smell Other colour Different packaging (lower quality, other printing technique) Lack of registration number Absence of manufacturer, importer, distributor Lack of batch number, manufacturing date Low solubility, other formulation type 18

19 Mospilan (insecticide 20% acetamiprid) Recent cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice Parallel import Not SG formulation (WP) 19

20 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice 20

21 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice Remarks on the active ingredient content: The active ingredient content of the samples was appropriate The colour of the samples was different from the colour indicated in the registration document, instead of blue the samples were white-grey The samples were not granules, a white-grey powder was in the packages The smell of the samples was different Remarks on the packaging material: The packaging of products was different. The cardboard of the boxes was thinner and of poor quality The colour of the boxes differs from the colour of the original The material of the inner bags differs, thinner, poor quality On the original bag the name, formulation type, batch number, manufacturing date, packaging date was printed, on the fake nothing was printed The form of the bags was different 21

22 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice Adengo(herbicide, izoxaflutole,thiencarbazone-methyl, cyprosulfamide, 225; 90; 150 g/l ) Parallel import, didn t contain Adengo, it was similar to Merlin Duo, herbicide not registered in Hungary (3.4% izoxaflutole; 34.1% terbuthylazine) 22

23 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice FTIR spectra different from the original product 23

24 ColombusEC ( herbicide, clopyralid, florasulam, fluroxypyr-meptyl, 80; 2.5; 144 g/l ) Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice not EC formulation lack of AI in the formulation fully miscible with water different colour 24

25 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice FTIR spectra matching with a glyphosate containing product (Glyfos), analysed by HPLC it was proved the glyphosate content 25

26 Aurora 40WG (herbicide, carfentrazone-ethyl 40 %) Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice Parallel import lower AI content, the packaging was not according to the registration document 26

27 Aurora 40WG (herbicide, carfentrazone-ethyl 40 %) Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice 27

28 bee intoxications on relatively large areas, eastern Hungary Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice results indicated the presence of fipronil in bee carcasses ( mg/kg). our colleagues found fipronil contamination in fruit trees blossom ( mg/kg). farmers in the region denied the use of fipronil containing PPP, they used mainly captan containing fungicide. 28

29 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice PPP name Sample Lab.ID Fipronil impurity % m/m Captan content % m/m Póker Extra ,003 81,70 Póker Extra /1-3 0,207 81,90 Póker Extra ,043 81,90 Póker Extra /1-3 0,003 82,30 29

30 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice

31 Cases of counterfeit or suspect PPP in our practice 31

32 What can we do to reduce the trade of illegal pesticides? Convince the user to buy pesticides from well known, safe sources, to avoid the cheap uncontrolled products Increase the efficiency of the official control Improve the cooperation with other countries authorities to exchange experience Good contacts with police, customs, finance guard To draw the attention of the decision makers on the extent of the problem, in many cases the weak national enforcement and inadequate judicial framework may hinder the efficient fight against the counterfeit products. 32

33 National Food Chain Safety Office Pesticide Analytical Laboratory Thank you for your attention!