The Organization of Manual Labor in Ur III Babylonia: Volume 1. Benjamin Studevent-Hickman. The Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations

Transcription

1 The Organization of Manual Labor in Ur III Babylonia: Volume 1 by Benjamin Studevent-Hickman to The Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosphy in the subject of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations January 2006

2 Table of Contents Chapter 1: The Ur III State and Its Workforce. 1 l.a Work, Manual Labor, and the Case of Ancient Sumer. 1 1.B The City of Ur and the Ur m Workforce. 3 l.c Native Terminology for the Members of the Ur HI Workforce and a History of Scholarship. 11 l.d The Evidence, Methodological Considerations, and the Layout of the Present Study. 16 Chapter 2: The Province of Umma ki 22 2.A Overviews of the Province 22 2.A.1 Archaeological Data and General Geography 22 2.A.2 Textual and Glyptic Evidence 24 2.A.2.1 The Labor Records and Native Terminology A.3 The Economic Organization of the Province B Agricultural Labor B.1 Agricultural Labor in Da-Urnma ki B.2 Agricultural Management in A-pi4-sal4 ki B.3 Agriculture Management in Gu2-eden-na ki and Mus-bi-an-na B.4 The Account of Ur-mes son of Ur- d Asnan 49 2.C The Grain Processing Industry C.1 Umma ki 's Brewing and Kitchen Administratioa 56 2.C.2 Milling D The Textile Industry E Unskilled Labor and the Labor Office E.1 The Account of Lu2- <i Sara2 76

3 2.E.2 The Accounts of Lu2- d Da-mu/ni and Lu2-sig E.3 Treatments of UN.ILZ 93 2.E.3.1: The Account of Ur- d Iskur, Foreman of UN.IL E.3.2 The Inspections of d Sara2-nir-gal2 and Lu2- d Nanna, Foremen of UN.IL F Gleanings from the Umma ki Data. 99 Chapter 3: The Province of Lagas^/GW-suH A Overviews of the Province A.1 Basic Geography and Archaeological Data A.2 Textual and Glyptic Evidence A.3 The Economic Households A.3.1 Temple Households A.3.2 Other Institutions A.3.3 Labor Management in the Households and the Layout of the Present Chanter A.4 Overviews from the Corpus A.4.1 The Temple Households and the Household of the Governor A The eren2: Agricultural Management on the Domain Land A Other Workers A.4.2 Other Households A Miscellaneous eren2 outside the Temples A.4.2.2TheMillhouse.,, A The Textile Industry A The Shipyard A.5 An Overview of Wool Rations A.6 Work Outside the Core. 130

4 3.B The Capital: Gir2-su ki and the Gir2-su ki District B.1 Overviews from the Corpus B.1.1 Temple Households ,v. 3.B.2 The Household of the Govemor and His Family B.2.1 eren2 and Agricultural Labor B.2.2 Other Workers of the Governor's Household B.3 Temple Households in the Gir2-su ki District B.3.1 The E2-ninnu Temple of d Nin-gir2-su....: B Overviews B eren2 and Agricultural Labor B Olher Labor B.3.2 The Temple of d Ba-u B Agricultural Labor B Other Labor B.3.3 The Household of the Eres-dingir Priestess of d Ba-u B.3.4 The Temple of d Gis-bar-e B Agricultural Labor B Other Labor B.3.5 Other Shrines and Temples in Gir2-su ki B A Shrine of "Nin-dar-a B The Temple of d Su- d Suea B.4 Other Industries in GM-suH B.4.1 The Millhouse B.4.2 The Textile Industry B.4.3 Gardeners 180 xiv

5 3.B.4.4 The Shipyard B.4.4 Miscellaneous Other Households C The Gu2-Id2-Nigin ki -se3-du District C.1 Overviews of the District C.1.1 An Account for Lagas ki and Nigin ki C.1.2 An Overview of Agricultural Labor in the District ' C.1.3 Menials and Other Labor C An Overview of Menial Workers and Other Personnel in the Temple Households C A Record of Votives "From Sag-ub3 ki to Ki-nu-nir ki " C "In Ki-nu-nir" 1 Nigin ki " C A Record in Ki-es3-sa w C The Textile Industry C Castrators(?) in the Cities C.2TheCityofLagas ki C.2.1 Overviews of Agricultural Labor C.2.2 Other Labor C.2.3 The Temple of d Ga2-tum3-dug C2.3.1 Agricultural Labor C Temple Dependents and Other Labor C.2.4 The (E2-)Ba-gara2 Temple of d Nin-gir2-su ki in Lagas ki...! C Agricultural Labor C Temple Dependents and Other Labor C.3 The Cities of Nigin ki and Ki-nu-nir ki C.3.1 Temple Households 211

6 3.C The Temple of "Nanshe C Agricultural Labor C Other Labor, C The en-priest of d Nanse C Other Shrines in the Temple Household of d Nanse C The Temple of "Nin-dar-a C Agricultural Labor C Other Workers.> C A Building Project under the Domain of d Nin-daT-a's Household C The Temple of d Dumu-zi C The Temple of d Dumu-zi Reckoned with Other Temple Households C Agricultural Labor Exclusively for (he Temple of d Dumu-zi C Other Labor Exclusive to the Temple of d Dumu-zL C The Temple of d Ig-alim C Agricultural Labor C Other Workers C The Temple of d Ig-alim Reckoned with Other Temple Households C The Temple of "Inanna C The Temple of d Nin-gis-zi-da C Agricultural Labor C Other Workers C "The House of Urub ki " C Agricultural Labor C Other Labor C HU.KU.BU. 283

7 3.C Agricultural Labor C Other Workers C The Temple of HA.LA- d Lama C.3.2 Other Labor and Institutions in the City of Nigin ki C.3.3 Other Labor and Industries in Ki-nu-nir ki C Agricultural Labor. ; C.3.4 The Textile Industry C.3.5 Other Records and Industries....r C.4 The Governor's Activities in Gu2-Id2-Nigin ki -se3-du D The District of Gu2-ab-ba ki D.1 Overviews of the District D.2 Temple Households D.2.1 The Temple of d Nin-mar ki D Agricultural Labor D Other Workers. ' D.2.2 The Temple of d Sul-gL D.3 Other Industries D.3.1 The Muling Industry D.3.2 The Textile Industry D Other Workers E Gleanings from the Lagas l i /Gir2-su ki Data 321 Chapter 4: Conclusions A The Basic System of Labor Management in Ur III Times A.1 The Half-time Arrangement 324 xvii

8 4.A.2 Hiring Practices in the Provincial Economy and the bala-a gub-ba/bala-a tus-a System B Environment, Social Order, and State Structure B.1 Practical Considerations B.2 Structural Influences and the Ur III Situation C Final Detail* 333 Bibliography. 334 xvin