AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL QUALITY INDICATOR

Transcription

1 DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 1 AGRIENVIRONMENTAL SOIL QUALITY INDICATOR (AGRIENV 26) Gergely Tóth EUROPEAN COMMISSION JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE Institute for Environment and Sustainability Land Management and Natural Hazards Unit AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT DG ESTAT DECEMBER 1, 2009

2 Framework of Soil Quality DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 2 indicator development Based on Themtic Strategy for Soil Protection of the EU (COM2006/231) Preservation of soil functions biomass production, physical and cultural environment for humans biodiversity pool archive of geological and acheological heritage source of raw material acting as carbon pool storing filtering and transforming nutrients, substances and water Prevention of threats to soil erosion, soil organic matter decline, salinization compaction, landslides (acidification) (soil sealing, contamination) Integration of soil protection measures and principles to other policies

3 Soil quality DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 3 Soil quality is an account of the ability of soil to provide ecosystem and social services through its capacities to perform its functions and respond to external influences.

4 Soil functions DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 4 1) biomass production 2) storing filtering and transforming nutrients, substances and water 3) biodiversity pool 4) physical and cultural environment for humans 5) source of raw material 6) acting as carbon pool 7) archive of geological and acheological heritage (SINFO)

5 Four aspects of soil quality DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 5 in the agrienvironmental context SUBINDICATORS 14 Productivity The capacity of soil to biomass production Fertilizer response rate The inputneed to attain optimal productivity Production stability The soilresponse to climatic variability AGRICULTURAL AGRIENV AGRIENV Soil environmental quality ENVIRONMENTAL Carbon storage; filtering; buffering; soil biodiversity and biol. activity

6 Agrienv soil quality DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 6 evaluation framework Climate Panel Plant Requirements Management Panel Terrain Panel slope% aspect Soil Quality Panel soil type parent material N, P, K ph Agrochemistry panel nutrient level fertilization texture organic matter content bulk density organic matter soil structure organic fert. tillage methods soil water regime Water management Soil threat panel

7 Four aspects of soil quality DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 7 in the agrienvironmental context SUBINDICATORS 14 Productivity The capacity of soil to biomass production Fertilizer response rate The inputneed to attain optimal productivity Production stability The soilresponse to climatic variability AGRICULTURAL AGRIENV AGRIENV Soil environmental quality ENVIRONMENTAL Carbon storage; filtering; buffering; soil biodiversity and biol. activity

8 SUBINDICATOR 1. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 8 BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY Biomass production function of a given soil is computed on the basis of soil properties at prevailing climatic conditions. Since productivity is a result of the interaction of soil, climatic and terrain conditions (and management), these factors need to be assessed in their complexity. Continental scale assessment: inherent fertility management response by main climatic regions topography

9 SUBINDICATOR 1. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 9 BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY Data need: Soil type Soil attributes Water availability / climate Topography Management input (intensive/extensive) Yield Methodology: Semiquantitative PTR development (with statistical validation) STU productivity by climatic regions, taking water and nutrient regime into account To be enhanced and tested by: Short term: Yieldbased statistical calculations and consideration of fertilizer input. Mid term: Plant specific land evaluation

10 SUBINDICATOR 1: BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 10 (interim result; Tóth, Gardi, Bódis 2009)

11 SUBINDICATOR 1. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 11 BIOMASS PRODUCTIVITY Biomass production function based on soil suitability criteria and soil quality matrix, modified by the topography. temperate subcontinental climate (interim result)

12 SUBINDICATOR 2. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 12 FERTILIZER RESPONSE RATE Data need: Soil type Soil attributes Type of fertilizer (type and form of nutrient) Water availability (climate) Yield Methodology: Soil fertilizer response pedotransfer rule development by Soil Typological Units (groups) by climatic regions To be enhanced by: Nutrient regime calculations based on yield and fertilization statistics

13 SUBINDICATOR 2. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 13 FERTILIZER RESPONSE RATE

14 SUBINDICATOR 2. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 14 FERTILIZER RESPONSE RATE (interim result)

15 SUBINDICATOR 3. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 15 SOIL PRODUCTION STABILITY Data need: Soil type Soil attributes Climate (variability) Yield (time series) Methodology: As at SUBINDICATOR 1; Applying two climate scenarios a) optimal conditions b) suboptimal conditions (drought) Status: Least developed among the subindicators

16 SUBINDICATOR 4. DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 16 SOIL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY a) Carbon storage; b) Filtering; c) Buffering; d) Soil biodiversity and biological activity. Data need: Soil type, soil attributes Climate Land use (land use type; tillage practice; input intensity) Methodology: a) Stolbovoy and Montanarella (2008) b) PEARLbased filtering model c) PTR (development in progress) d) Soil species diversity and functional diversity designation

17 4/a Carbon storage DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 17 Computed on the basis of (1)the actual carbon content and (2)the carbon saturation relative to the maximum amount the soil is able to absorb in the given bioclimatic region. For arable lands the maximum amount is defined by the highest possible attainable SOC level under best carbon accumulating cropping practice, while for all other cases it refers to the absolute maximum organic carbon a soil is able to hold at a steady state. The two components (content, saturation level) have similar weights in the computation of the indicator. This concept is developed to recognize the importance of both the natural SOC capital within any soil mapping unit and the effect of the land use and management applied within that mapping unit.

18 4/a Carbon storage DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 18 Actual soil organic carbon levels Maximum soil organic carbon treshold values (Stolbovoy and Montanarella 2008)

19 4/bc Filtering and buffering DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 19 A) Substances filtering capacity Adaptation of methodology used in pesticide risk assessemnt B) Substances buffering Methodology based on Pedotransfer rules (development in progress)

20 4/d SOIL BIODIVERSITY DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 20 (Soil as habitat and gene pool of living organisms) Below ground living organisms A. Species diversity B. Functional diversity of species C. Biological activity Indicator parameterisation is in progress

21 Input Data Need of SubIndicators (level of detail: NUTS 2 and 3) DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 21 subindicators Soil environmental quality Input data Climate areas of Europe Data source EU_SR_5000_V 2.0.mdb Productivity Fertilizer response rate Production stability Carbon storage Substances filtering Substances buffering Biodiversity and biological activity Precipitation (PET; aridity index) MARS Soil type SGDBE Soil properties Texture Water cap. Depth OM CEC Mineralogy Biol. act. SGDBE LUCAS Soil Land use CORINE, SGDBE Digital elevation model SRTM90 Yield statistics EUROSTAT MARS Mineral fertilizer consumption (N and P2O5) EUROSTAT Pesticide use EUROSTAT

22 SUMMARY DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 22 A concept to replace the obsolete AgriEnvironmental Soil Quality indicator has been developed. The new AgriEnvironmental Soil Quality Indicator is compatible with the Soil Quality Indicators developed to support a wider range of EU policies, and includes four subindicators of: Productivity; Fertilizer response rate; Production stability; Soil environmental quality. Parametrization of the indicator models are progressing, however need further elaboration and testing. Input data espetially for fertilizer input needs to be enhanced to increase accuracy of results. Soil quality indicator may be operational on the midterm.

23 DG ESTAT 30/1101/12/2009 AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT 23 Thank you for your attention!