Anton Muhibuddin Rector of Unwaha President of CCP JSPS Japan Director of ADRI Director of e Asia-JST Japan, Bioethanol Project Coordinator of

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1 Anton Muhibuddin Rector of Unwaha President of CCP JSPS Japan Director of ADRI Director of e Asia-JST Japan, Bioethanol Project Coordinator of Korea-ASEAN Biomass Research Lecture of University of Brawijaya

2 Agricultural Facts Total productive agricultural land in Indonesia: 7,750,000 ha - 8 million ha, or just 3% of Indonesia's land area. Needs of at least about 15 Million ha. Productive land 3% Mainland 97%

3 Java is the densest island in the world, there is 138,794 km2 or about 13.8 million ha, and productive agricultural land of 3.5 million ha. Depreciation of productive land is about 100 thousand ha per year. Wide of Indonesia is around 700 million ha.

4 Comparison of Indonesia: Thailand The agriculture land area of Indonesia is 7.75 million ha, Thailand 32 million ha. The population of Indonesia is 240 million people, Thailand is 61 million people. The number of farmers in Indonesia is about 30 million people, the average land ownership is about ha / person. Land ownership in Thailand is ha / person and in Vietnam about ha / person.

5 Weakness of Agricultural program Unfunded program : extensification of 7.2 million ha of agricultural land outside Java has not realized yet Continuing the new order era : WTO market access agreement, abolition of subsidies and state protection of agriculture, abolition of the role of STE (state trading enterprises), bulog not play a role Farmer income decreased (700 thousand / month)

6 Our national food security is weak Highly import Food demand increase 5% per year

7 Two million ha of land is now preparing for cassava, sweet potato, palm, sago, sorghum, coconut, candlenut, and bioethanol raw materials, to absorb 12 million new workers.

8 Optimization of Alor Natural Resources Potential

9 The hidden potential of microbial wealth in Alor in favor food self-sufficiency

10 Agriculture Facts: 20 % Loss 5 % Absorbed by plant 75 % settles in subsoil and material parent

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12 Microbial wealth in Alor has the potential to replace chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides

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15 Nematods: 10 ribu; 50 Spesies Protozoa: 100 ribu; 100 Spesies Fungi: 50 km miselium; 500 Spesies Bactery: 100 milyar; 10 ribu Spesies

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19 There are 2700 ha unused land in Alor which potentially to boost Alor's economy

20 Because of Alor Has: Type of soil in Alor mostly young volcanic which rich of nutrient soil with loose soil structure and fertile. The soil solum is so deep, so the soil is more stable with the ability to hold high water and can be cultivated various types of plants.

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23 But, the Problem are: 1) Chemical fertilizer input is too high and it is not properly on target. 2) Input of organic material is not effective. 3) Production is not yet optimal. 4) High fertilization intensity.

24 So, Our duties are: 1) Improving soil quality 2) Make cost efficiency and intensity of chemical fertilizers 3) Realize the effectiveness of the input of organic matter into the soil 4) Increase crop production

25 Utilization of Indigenus Alor microbe (Mycorrhizae) as a Pilot Microbe on unused Land

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34 Others fungi were found inside root s cell: A. Aspergillus niger, B. Chaetomium sp, C. Cladosporium sp., D. Curvularia sp., E. Monillia sp., F. Penicillium sp., G,H, and I. Not identified yet

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36 Indonesia's remaining oil reserves are only around 4 billion barrels by the end of Assuming Indonesia's crude oil production of 942 thousand barrels per day then the oil will be exhausted in 2023 (Bristish Petrolium, 2012)

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38 Cadangan minyak Indonesia akan habis pada tahun 2023

39 We will face electricity crisis

40 No fuel

41 No fuel

42 Potential of Alor Plants Diversity for Alternatively Energy

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44 Energy from Cassava

45 Energy from Straw

46 Energy from water hyacinth

47 Potential of Biomass Material in Alor Plants Production (Ton) Potentialfor Bioethanol (kilo liter) Maize kl Cassava kl water hyacinth kl Arenga pinnata kl Organic trash 70% of 180 ton/day kl Paper trash and others 10% dari180 ton/day kl Totall kl

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53 kl with price: 600 US$ per kl or around 8 billion US$ (100 Trilliun Rupiah) Alor potential to has Rp. 100 trilliun per year from biomass abundance

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59 How to make bioenergy (bioethanol) from organic trash and biomass?

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61 Pre- Treatment Physic Chemical Hydrolisi s Acid Ferment ation Method Microbe Destilation Method Material quality Biology Catalyst

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