VISIT REPORT. Rajasthan Olive Cultivation Limited. Dates: Location: Rajasthan India. Yuval Chen ROCL Olive Consultant

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1 VISIT REPORT Rajasthan Olive Cultivation Limited Dates: Location: Rajasthan India Yuval Chen ROCL Olive Consultant Forward The current visit focused on revising the autumn tasks progress and on irrigation programs. During the coming month we will focus mainly on slowing the vegetative growth of the trees and allow best conditions for bud differentiation. Due to relatively warmer weather we are cautious with the process and gradually modifying the irrigation frequency to the required growth rate. In order to achieve good production we will have to take the following steps: 1. Complete N:P:K:Mg: Zn sprays 2. Complete Copper sprays 3. Comply with the suggested irrigation schedules TinkiRudi The installation of Electro Magnet treatment for the water proved to work as we expected, new growth, better soil moisture are among the facts that is shown in the field. Some varieties reacted faster than others. It will be important to track the development of cv Arbequina that suffer from the soil and water conditions of the farm. Before treatment with Aqua 4d After treatment of 4 months

2 After 6 months After 8 months Main difficulties: Requires more wells in order to fulfill water requirements Poor soil drainage Part of the farm have a salty bad drainage soils Different in plant size and performance Salty water and soils Action requires: NPK + Mg + Zn spray, by 10 th November Bordeaux mix spray, 20 th and 30 th November Space irrigation as plan Irrigation up to end of November Observation: Big improvement in grove due to spacing of irrigation Clear positive effect of Aqua 4d is noticed Shanto Farm was not visited this visit: Main difficulties:

3 Lack of irrigation water Location make it difficult for frequent visits, therefore capable farm manager is required Action requires: Observations: Bassi Bassi farm shows growth on the tree upper parts, but lower parts and older parts shows leaf yellowing. Trees are over irrigated. Feeding is essential steps, we need to find way to irrigate separately the 70 trees under our responsibility. Trees over growth will lead for declining of the lower parts, therefore it will be wise to lower the height of the trees. Main difficulties Root system is damaged by Nematodes / Termites Planting spacing problematic Old driplines in bad conditions Irrigation: up to November 20 th, from November 21 st Action requires: Space irrigation Feeding tranches Observations: Cv Koroneiki shows an intensive growth, cv Arbequina start new sprouting, cv Barnea shows new sprouting, only on the upper parts of the trees Leaf drop started to be observed during the visit Feeding trenches required for all field

4 Training olives for Olive leaves tea production Bakalia. Bakalia shows improvements in blocks A+D, and less of improvements in blocks B+C. the water treatment device AGRISMART installed 4 month ago shows little effect on tree development, mainly in the sandy loam soils blocks A+D. Main difficulties: Salt affect results in poor feeding and therefore cause leaf drop Cv Barnea leaf drop due to roots damage Mite infestation on new growth, specially cv Brnea Too many main branches, and main branches with multiple branches due to topping pruning Water EC treatment device should be observed Action requires: Moth control as required, install Moth traps Copper spray 20 th November and 30 th November Irrigation: Observations: Improvement of block A+D, but still the potential for production is low, Block B+C, shows slower growth with shorts reproductive branches

5 CV Koroneiki Block A Well prunned Barore Most varieties look good after cooler weather and improved irrigations. The potential for production increased greatly in the past 2 month, and we do hope to be able to evaluate the production potential during December visit. Installation of Aqua 4d is expected in two weeks fact that will increase the production potential. Main difficulties: Different types of soils on the same irrigation valves Soils with high sodium content are clogging due to low EC of irrigation water Some of the trees are oversized(cv Barnea), and should have being topped on time Drainage problems in the heavy soil area Management of irrigation system is not sufficiently professional, many clogged drippers Cv Barnea spacing should be converted to 8m by 5m Installation of Aqua 4D could help secure the current harvest, increase oil content and allow double production figures for the next year Action requires: Concentrate on irrigation management Applications N:P:K:Mg: Zn by 20 th November Application of Bordeaux mix 1% 25 th November and 5 th December Irrigation: up to 20 th November, then till new instruction should be given

6 Observations: Sodium affected area looks very bad, no growth severe leaf drop Cv Barnea improved in most parts of the farm Cv Koroneiki looks good, lots of new branches, good production potential Cv Arbequina and cv Coratina with potential but require water treatment in order to produce commericaly Cv Frantoio improved development Cv Picual and cv Picholine suffers from soil conditions, but shows some improvement Cv Barnea, plants spacing 7m by 5 looks better then 7m by 2.5m spacing, good long branches Lunkaransar Lunkaransar farm show good recovery from renewal pruning as shows in photos below, the farm have few different sectors: Entrance to farm have source of water at all time, growth is constant in this sector Patches of salty soil, with poor development of trees Sandy patches with normal to low growth,

7 Area in between with normal growth There is production potential for cv. Arbequina and cv. Koroneiki well pruned (lower and wider appearance), plants that are over size have lower production potential. Parts of the farm looks dry and or suffer from salty patches Cv Arbequina, renewal pruning Cv Arbequina, good development after 4 months

8 Main difficulties: Patches of sandy soils and salty soils in the farm There are fractions on the farm with high ground waters, and that phenomena creates two size of trees under the same irrigation groups Cv Coratina, cv Picual, cv Arbequina suffer from the salty soils Strong Mite infestation Feeding issues due the all of the above Actions requires N:P:K:Mg:Zn application for : cv Barnea 5m, Arbequina & Koroneiki 15 th November Copper Bordeaux mix 25 th November, 5 th December Irrigation: Observations: CV Arbequina, done properly, plants are in good condition for production next season Cv Koroneiki, plants stayed slightly too high after pruning, but plants with good potential for production Cv Barnea 7m*5m looks much better than the plants that are 2.5m part Cv Picual, if will stay at small size with potential for production Cv Picholine looks medium to poor appearance Basbisna Basbisna grove shoes a good improvement, feeding and pruning improved plant appearance for about 50% of the plantation. New sprouting starts mainly in cv Koroneiki but it is a good sign for the good effect of the Aqua 4D system. We should concentrate on this grove since it has the greatest potential of improvement to become among the three leading productive groves alongside with Barore and Tinkirudy Main difficulties: Development of a decent root system Plants foliage is dropping every year Nematodes infestation is extremely high Termites infestation between the planting lines, the dry zone

9 Actions require: N:P:K:Mg:Zn application by 12 th November Bordeaux mix 1% 20 th November and 30 th November Irrigation up to 15 th November , from November 16 th Observations: All varieties shows good growth Cv Arbequina and cv Barnea needs training of upright branches, and inner parts of trees Root development is very strong for all varieties Cv Arbequina new growth observed during spring, first year after many years of leaf drop

10 Summary ROCL Farms ROCL plantations should take the recommended steps in order to increase production and solve the main problem that hold the increase of production levels: 1. Install ELECTRO MAGNET treatment for water; Aqua 4D 2. Reconnect Pessi Field Climate weather station/ or similar 3. Complete application on time 4. Remove every alternate cv Barnea 5. More frequent visits to farms by ROCL officers or other farm managers December and February visit will be required for improvement of the production potential FARMER FIELD VISIT REPORT Keshuram Farm Bikaner Plants are about one year old, looks like planting process took too long and plants suffer before planting. Training is done wrongly, and new training methods were explained. Support of trees also explained. At this stage farmer should only concentrate on forming a strait leader up to m and then pinch. Do not prune further before mid-june 2018 required One leader stem

11 Napasar Farm, Mr Nikhil Farm required improvement of ferti-gation management. Water salinity increases, so applying short irrigation of less then and hour and a half will slow plants development. Fertilizing is required. Winter task should be irrigation management and weed control mainly. Irrigation during November: Pugal Yogesh farm Plants shows sever stress due to water EC. Water treatment is a must in this farm. Cv Arbequina in strong stress Shabana Farm Pugal This farm visited 8 month ago, plants development is good, and due to complying with the instruction for not pruning the plants developed nicely. Fertilizing is not done in this farm, we do recommend to start fertilizing or using compost tranches. For this age plants will require kg of compost per plants, on both sides of the plants. Training trees on one single trunk is essential, also lower branches could be remove, maintaining portions of 40% trunk height and 60 percent canopy.

12 Correct training of 1 year old plant Mr Sing Anupgrh farm Farm is visited for the 5 th time, and the main issue is that there is no irrigation on along the planting line, although there are 2 drippers per plant. 50% of the plants are in production potential, but irrigation management during the winter will be required. With one good weekly irrigation all the larger trees in the farm will produce nicely.

13 Farmer H.L.Meal SURATGARH Farm visited during day this time, main issue is water management, only 2 drippers per plant, and irrigated area around the plants is to narrow to allow proper plants development. Plants looks stressed October: one irrigation every 4 th day November: one good irrigation every 5 th day December+ January: one good irrigation every 7 th day February: first half one irrigation every 4 th day, second half one irrigation every alternate day Cv Koroneiki, stressed Madera Farm Gangalagar 10 hectares of grove, with good development of the, 4 years old, trees. Correction of training should be made during the next visit. There is a great potential of production next year but if there will be no irrigation and adding of dripper along the planting line, the good potential of above 50tonnes of fruits will not be materialized.

14 Cv Barnea, good potential for production. 2 dripper per large plant, soil is completely dry!!

15 Amarsinngh Beniwal farm Sangria 5 years old farm, plants looks 3 years old. No pruning is taking place and irrigation loop of dripper is not the right way of irrigating olives. The climate in Sngria is one of the best in India, and we recommend to change management in order to obtain a good production. Insert dripper alongside of the planting line, place 1 dripper every 50cm. Irrigation should wet all the soil along the planting line. One good irrigation per week during winter will lead to production. Yuval Chen Rajasthan November 2017