Preservation Silaging Feed hygiene Acidification. Safe feeding with. Lupro-Grain and Amasil NA

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1 Preservation Silaging Feed hygiene Acidification Safe feeding with Lupro-Grain and Amasil NA

2 The importance of feed hygiene and feed preservation The worldwide rise in the price of corn and grain is making feed grain produced by the farm itself, a very valuable raw commodity. Growing demand for renewable raw materials for bioenergy is also leading to a rise in agricultural rents. Home-farm-produced feedstuffs such as grain and silage, also by-products and mixed feed too, should therefore be effect ively protected against microorganisms in order to preserve their high value. Furthermore, feedstuffs that are free from any hygiene problems can relieve the burden on our farm animals immune system, making it possible to achieve optimal production. Feed spoilage, which ranges from a musty smell to visible mold and, probably, toxin formation, is a typical consequence of the proliferation of microorganisms. Once fungal or bacterial toxins have formed in the feed however, they are virtually impossible to get rid of. Spoiled feed can thus mean that animals do not do as well. Untreated barley after 4 weeks storage (25% moisture content) Protect feed quality effectively with organic acids from BASF In the fight against microorganisms in feed, our Luprosil and Amasil product lines have proved highly successful over a number of decades. The liquid starting materials formic and propionic acid which we produce occur in nature, in plants, in silage, and even in foods, e.g. Swiss cheese. There are thus no leftover residues; the organic acids, being natural preservatives, Luprosil -treated barley after 4 weeks storage (25 % moisture content) are used as a source of energy by the animal and thus completely metabolized. 2 Farm Feed

3 The range of products for Use on The farm Propionic acid and formic acid are already widely used for feed preservation in the form of liquid acids under the trade names Luprosil and Amasil. Both products are very effi cient to use, but, being corrosive acids, require a high level of equipment and careful work-safety measures for their use. We have therefore recommended only the use of Luprosil propionic acid (99.5%) on the farm, and not the much more dangerous formic acid. As a specifi c solution for farmers, the user-friendly NC (non-corrosive) products were developed. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Buffering attenuates the biological activity, reducing it from corrosive to irritant. The products are also non-abrasive and are not dangerous goods according to transport regulations. The two NC products Lupro-Grain and Amasil NA, which in their active-substance content are very similar to the pure acids Luprosil and Amasil 85, are now at the end of the process of continuous development and constant product improvement. Lupro-Grain is the buffered propionic acid and Amasil NA the buffered formic acid. To exploit the strengths of formic and propionic acid in a single application, the acid mixtures Lupro- Mix NC and, recently, Lupro-Cid NA have been developed. As well as providing an optimal combination of propionic and formic acid, these buffered products are more pleasant to handle than pure acids. They, like Lupro-Grain and Amasil NA, are NC products, are classed only as irritant, and do not constitute dangerous goods. 0% amasil Na Lupro-Cid Na Lupro-mix NC Lupro-Grain Luprosil formic acid/formate propionic acid/propionate propylene glycol ammonia Water sodium Farm Feed 3

4 possible Uses of preservatives in homefarm-produced feed The four principal areas of use for our products in agriculture are preservation (e.g. grain, home-farmproduced mixed feed), silage making (grass, corn, and other types of silage), improvement of feed hygiene, i.e. the reduction of pathogenic microorganisms such as Salmonella and E. coli in all feedstuffs, and, finally, acidification of feedstuffs and by-products. USE OF PROPIONIC AND FORMIC ACID PRODUCTS IN FARMING Preservation Silage making Feed hygiene Acidifi cation Reduction of bacteria, yeasts, and molds Improvement of the fermentation process Prevention of reheating Reduction of Salmonella, Campylobacter, E. coli, etc. Reduction of ph and buffer capacity Single feedstuffs Mixed feeds By-products Liquid feeds Grass silage Alfalfa Beet leaves CCM Corn silage Grass silage TMR Single and mixed feedstuffs By-products Liquid feeds + water Piglet feeds Milk replacers Drinking water BASF preservatives recommended for this use: Luprosil Lupro-Grain Lupro-mix NC* Lupro-Cid Na* amasil Na* Luprosil Lupro-mix NC Lupro-Grain Lupro-Cid Na amasil Na Lupro-Cid Na amasil Na Buffered acids pure acids 4 Farm Feed

5 animal feed preservative One of the most important areas of use for organic acids in agriculture is the preservation of feedstuffs such as grain or home-farm produced mixed feed. Propionic acid, here, shows broad antimicrobial effi cacy against fungi, yeasts, and bacteria, which, with an adequate dose, is maintained for up to a year. Treatment with Luprosil or Lupro-Grain dramatically reduces the numbers of these unwanted microorganisms, and then successfully suppresses their further proliferation. The microbe reduction and prevention of microbial proliferation after harvesting. with 0.65% Luprosil immediately that are induced by Luprosil can be seen in the following graphic. The results are from a preservation study with winter wheat (17% moisture content) which was treated Storage time (months) Fungi Yeasts Bacteria Mio 1* < 15 < *Months after preservation treatment Matthias 1998, Haus Düsse With Luprosil and Lupro-Grain, feed grain, corn, home-farm-produced mixed feed, by products, TMR, or hay can be preserved for a storage duration of up to a year. The following table shows, for example, the pathogen reduction achieved in damp grain corn through preservation treatment with Lupro-Grain (32.8% moisture content, 1.65% Lupro-Grain). Period Propionic acid (%) Bacteria (per g) Fungi (per g) After 2 days Untreated 169 Mio 4.3 Mio After 4 weeks Untreated 5.1 Mio 27 Mio After 1 year Untreated Decomposed Decomposed After 2 days 1.5 % 10,000 < 1,000 After 4 weeks 1.5 % 20,000 < 1,000 After 1 year 1.5 % 5,300 < 100 *of which, 2.5 million Fusarium BASF Offenbach 1999/2000 Farm Feed 5

6 silage making Feeding our high-producing animals nowadays calls for silage with the highest energy content, of the best fermentation quality, and with long storage-stability. Organic acids can be successfully employed in two areas of use to achieve the requisite quality objectives: Optimization of the fermentation process under diffi cult silage-making conditions Improvement of the aerobic stability of the silage Weather conditions have a decisive effect on the success of silage-making: spells of damp weather often mean that green fodder cannot be adequately prewilted and needs to be ensiled with a low dry matter content. With Lupro-Mix NC, butyric-acid-free silage with a high feed value can be produced even under such diffi cult conditions. This ensiling agent has therefore been awarded the DLG s [German Agricultural Society s] quality label in action category 1A for improvement of the fermentation process under diffi - cult silage making conditions. Ensuring maximal storage-stability of the silage after removal from the silo depends on a careful ensiling technique. Suitable measures to improve aerobic stability are: rapid fi lling of the silo, a high level of compaction, and air-tight coverage with silo foil. Furthermore, the rate of removal should be 1 m/week in winter and 2 m/week in summer. These measures can be supplemented effectively by the use of the ensiling agents Lupro-Mix NC or Luprosil. The capacity of these products to give protection against reheating losses is confi rmed for both products by the DLG quality label in action category 2 (improvement of aerobic stability). Lupro-Grain, the buffered propionic acid, has also proved to be very aerobic Stability (days) control * WYSS, RAP Posieux 2001 ** Kalzendorf, LWK Rheinland 2002 *** INRA Clermont-Theix 2003 Lupro-grain (5 l/t) successful for improvement of the aerobic stability of grass and corn silage, however, as the following study results show: Grass silage* maize silage** maize silage*** Grass silage: 62 % dry matter, Maize silage: 37 % dry matter 6 Farm Feed

7 Better feed hygiene Reducing salmonellae in the human food chain is a pressing objective, which has already been taken up by the European Commission in EU Regulation EC 2160/2003. In an initial step, the prevalence of Salmonella in farm animals was determined by means of a Europewide investigation of Salmonella in animal production, slaughter animals, and feedstuffs. Now, in a second step, measures have been taken to reduce and ultimately eliminate Salmonella in animal husbandry. Every stock farmer will be affected by these national decrees on pigs and poultry in the medium term. Feedstuffs can be a source of salmonellal contamination of the food chain. Formic acid s lethal effect against salmonellae in feed is well documented. With the formicacid-containing products Lupro- Cid NA and Amasil NA, therefore, a sustained reduction of Salmonella in feedstuffs can be achieved. In Salmonella-free feed, acid treatment with Lupro-Cid NA or Amasil NA reduces the risk of infection with Salmonella through birds or rodent pests for example. This measure reduces other pathogens in feedstuffs too, such as E. coli. Acidification of feedstuffs and by-products Acidification of feed is a tried-and Piglets in the first few weeks of tested method for preserving it. life do not produce enough gastric acid. This can lead to digestive The ph of feedstuffs such as whey, brewer s yeast, or other liquid byproducts is lowered to a level at ticularly after weaning. Acidifying problems such as diarrhoea, par- which microorganisms are no longer able to grow. The feedstuff then Amasil NA reduces the buffer ca- piglet feed with Lupro-Cid NA or remains stable for a few days to a pacity of the feed and reduces microbe levels. number of weeks, depending on the dose. Lupro-Cid NA and Amasil NA are the products recommended for this. Further information on possible uses and on doses can be obtained by requesting our Feed Preservation Guide booklet. Farm Feed 7

8 North america BASF Corporation Nutrition Ingredients, North America 100 Campus Drive Florham Park, New Jersey USA Phone: ++1/ Fax: ++1/ europe BASF SE Nutrition Ingredients, Europe J Ludwigshafen Germany Phone: ++49 / Fax: ++49 / nutrition-europe@basf.com asia/pacific BASF East Asia Regional Headquarters Ltd. Nutrition Ingredients, Asia/Pacifi c 45th Floor, Jardine House No.1 Connaught Place Central Hong Kong Phone: / Fax: / carechemicals-hk@basf.com South america BASF S.A. Nutrition Ingredients, South America Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima 3600/9 Andar São Paulo SP Brazil Phone: ++55 / Fax: ++55 / quimica.fi na@basf.com MEEA080506e BaSF Nutrition Ingredients BASF s Nutrition Ingredients business unit is a leading supplier of food ingredients and feed additives. The product portfolio for animal nutrition includes vitamins, carotenoids, enzymes, organic acids, omega- 6s and other feed additives. BASF offers products of outstanding quality produced with modern, state-of-the-art technologies. BASF also combines technical services and scientific expertise to meet the highest demands and to deliver the best value to the industry. Premium formulations are a key strength that has made BASF a leader in the industry. Further information is available at or BaSF Nutrition the healthy decision = registered trademark BASF SE