Tracy Blackmer Director of Research Iowa Soybean Association

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1 Tracy Blackmer Director of Research Iowa Soybean Association

2 Diesel fuel usage Crop Type Activity Corn Soybean gallons/acre NH3 Application Field Cultivating Planting Spraying Disk ripping Combine Grain cart Total

3 Quantifying Agronomic Performance Plan Adjust Implement Evaluate

4 Quantifying Agronomic Performance

5 Site locations LYON OSC EOLA DICKINSON EMMET WINNE BAGO WORTH MITCHELL HOWARD WINNESHIEK ALLA MAKEE KOS SUTH SIOUX OBR IEN CLA Y PALO ALTO HANCOCK CERRO GORDO FL OYD CHICKASAW FAYE TTE CLA YTON PLYMOUTH CHEROKEE HUM BOLDT BREMER BUENA VISTA POCAHONTAS WRIGHT FRANK LIN BUTLER DUB UQUE BLACK HAWK BUCHANAN DELAWAR E WOODBURY ID A WEBSTER SAC CAL HOUN HAMILTON HAR DIN GRUN DY JACKS ON JONES MONONA BENTON LINN CRA WFORD TAM A CARROLL GR EEN E BOON E STORY MARSHALL CLINTON CEDAR HARRISON SHELBY AUDUBON GU THR IE DALLAS POLK JASPER POW ESHIEK IOWA JOHNS ON SCOTT MUSCATINE POTTAWATTAMIE CASS ADAIR MADISON WARREN MARION MAHASK A KEOKUK WASHINGTON LOUISA MILLS MONTGOME RY ADAMS UNION CLA RKE LUCAS MONROE WAPELLO JEFFERSON HENRY DES MOINES FR EMONT PAGE TAYLOR RINGGOLD DECATUR WAYNE APPANOOSE DAVIS VAN BUREN LEE

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7 Quantifying Agronomic Performance

8 Deep Ripping Average Yield Difference for Four Years of In-Line Ripping Trials Yield Difference (bu/a) Year

9 Quantifying Agronomic Performance Tillage Map

10 Quantifying Agronomic Performance How well is this grower managing their N?

11 Quantifying Agronomic Performance At least 3 replications across the field of fixed rates.

12 Year Case Study Six years of evaluations Fertilizer N lb N/acre Grain Yield Rotation Low Rate High Rate Low Rate High Rate Diff bu/acre C-SB C-SB C-C C-SB C-C C-SB C-C C-C

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14 Guided Stalk Sampling 2290 Excess 1550 Optimal 697 Marginal 2390 Excess

15 Guided Stalk Sampling 183 Low 20 Low 20 Low 20 Low

16 3920 Excess Guided Stalk Sampling Guided Stalk Sampling 4850 Excess 3690 Excess 2630 Excess

17 Guided Stalk Sampling 2005 Corn Stalk Nitrate Analysis (West Buttrick Creek ): Comparison Between Growers Nitrate (ppm N) Grower Optimal

18 Energy in crop production Energy = Biofuel energy Gain (Ethanol/biodiesel) Energy to Produce crop Energy to process grain into biofuel Energy in coproducts (DDGs / soymeal)

19 Energy in crop production Energy Gain = Biofuel energy (Ethanol/biodiesel) Energy to Produce crop Energy to process grain into biofuel Energy in coproducts (DDGs/soymeal) Production Processing The production and processing energy estimates Production Processing Corn Soybeans

20 Energy in producing crop Corn Soybean Corn input energy Soybean input energy Seed/Pesticide Labor/Machinery Seed/Pesticide Labor/Machinery Lime Power Power Lime NPK NPK

21 Quantifying Agronomic Performance The energy to produce N fertilizer is a major part of the input costs 50 lb N * 35,000 BTU/lb N = 1,750,000 BTU This is roughly equivalent to BTUs in 13.6 gallons of petroleum diesel. State average rate applied is around 150 lb N/a ~ 40.8 gallons DFE The rotation credit is often assumed to be 50 lb N/a

22 Using animal manure as a fertilizer

23 Quantifying Agronomic Performance A benefit of manure is the nutrient value and the energy is saves by not having to manufacture the N, P, and K. The N, P, and K in manure can be credited with 40.8 gallons DFE for 150 lb N and 6.7 DFE for P and K = 47.5 gallons DFE -The manure application has been reported at less than 2 gallons/a of fuel based upon a local contractors records.

24 Quantifying Agronomic Performance LYON OSC EOLA DICKINSON EMMET WINNE BAGO WORTH MITCHELL HOWARD WINNESHIEK ALLA MAKEE KOS SUTH SIOUX OBR IEN CLA Y PALO ALTO HANCOCK CERRO GORDO FL OYD CHICKASAW FAYE TTE CLA YTON PLYMOUTH CHEROKEE HUM BOLDT BREMER BUENA VISTA POCAHONTAS WRIGHT FRANK LIN BUTLER DUB UQUE BLACK HAWK BUCHANAN DELAWAR E WOODBURY ID A WEBSTER SAC CAL HOUN HAMILTON HAR DIN GRUN DY JACKS ON JONES MONONA BENTON LINN CRA WFORD TAM A CARROLL GR EEN E BOON E STORY MARSHALL CLINTON CEDAR HARRISON SHELBY AUDUBON GU THR IE DALLAS POLK JASPER POW ESHIEK IOWA JOHNS ON SCOTT MUSCATINE POTTAWATTAMIE CASS ADAIR MADISON WARREN MARION MAHASK A KEOKUK WASHINGTON LOUISA MILLS MONTGOME RY ADAMS UNION CLA RKE LUCAS MONROE WAPELLO JEFFERSON HENRY DES MOINES FR EMONT PAGE TAYLOR RINGGOLD DECATUR WAYNE APPANOOSE DAVIS VAN BUREN LEE