COMPARISON OF THE FUNGICIDES FOR SPRING WHEAT ON THE MARKET IN FINLAND

Transcription

1 2013 COMPARISON OF THE FUNGICIDES FOR SPRING WHEAT ON THE MARKET IN FINLAND Study director: Anne Rahkonen Trial ID Variety Location Experimental starting and completion F Tjalve Jokioinen May 21 st and October 8 th 2013 F Kruunu Piikkiö May 21 st and September 18 th 2013 Purpose of trials: Comparison of the fungicides for spring wheat on the market in Finland The efficacy against leaf spot diseases was evaluated with one fungicide application at heading time with the highest recommended application rate. SUMMARY The season 2013 was warm and especially early summer was dry. The precipitation in Jokioinen in May July was 130 mm, 49 mm below the long term average. In Piikkiö the whole season was dry. The precipitation in May July was 85 mm, which was 83 mm below the long term average. Both trials were sown on May 21 st, the trial in Jokioinen with a cultivar Tjalve and the trial in Piikkiö with cultivar Kruunu. Tan spot infection was low in Jokioinen and moderate in Piikkiö. No lodging appeared in either of the trials. In Jokioinen, fungicides were applied at the heading stage on 8 th of July. Three and a half weeks after the fungicide application, at BBCH 75, tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) covered 5 % of the leaf area in the untreated plots. All fungicide treatments significantly decreased the amount of the tan spot infection. The control effect varied from 91 % (Comet Pro + Juventus) to 71 % (Menara) with insignificant differences. Brown rust (Puccinia recondita) appeared as low incidence in the untreated plots (0.25 % leaf cover). The fungicide treated plots were clean from brown rust (control effect %). The leaves stayed longer green in the fungicide treated plots than in the untreated plots. The yield level was normal (4266 kg/ha in the untreated plots) in the Jokioinen trial. All fungicides increased the spring wheat yield by % and the net incomes were positive ( /ha). Fungicide treatments with at least 17 % yield increase provided a statistically significant positive net income ( /ha). Only the net income in the Tilt and Amistar + Menara treated plots was lower than that. All fungicide treatments increased significantly thousand grain weights by 6 12 % and hectolitre weights by 2 % compared to the untreated control. In Piikkiö, there was a very low disease incidence (0.1 % tan spot infection) at the time of the fungicide applications at heading stage, on 9 th of July. Three and a half weeks after the fungicide application, at BBCH 75, the tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) covered 26 % of the leaf area in the untreated plots. The fungicide treatments decreased the amount of the tan spot by %. Brown rust (Puccinia recondita) appeared as very low incidence in the untreated plots (0.1 % cover) and all fungicide treated plots were free from rust. The number of green leaves was higher in the fungicide treated plots than in the untreated plots. The yield level was close to normal (4259 kg/ha in the untreated plots) in Piikkiö. Water shortage restricted crop growth, and that is why fungicide treatments increased grain yield only by 2 13 % compared to the untreated control. Stratego treatment provided the highest yield increase (13 %) but the difference was statistically insignificant compared to the untreated control. Net income was positive with the treatments Stratego (44 /ha), Acanto + Zenit (33 /ha), Acanto Prima (27 /ha), Comet Pro + Juventus (21 /ha), Juventus (13 /ha), Tilt (10 /ha), Amistar + Menara (9 /ha) and Menara (8 /ha). None of the income increases was statistically significant compared to the untreated control.

2 2013 In Piikkiö All fungicide treatments except Juventus increased statistically significantly thousand grain weight (3 7 %) compared to the untreated control. All other fungicide treatments except Juventus also increased slightly the hectolitre weight. With Tilt, Delaro, Stratego, Acanto Prima, Amistar + Menara, Comet Pro + Juventus and Acanto + Zenit the increase was statistically significant compared to the untreated control. In a summary of the average results of the two spring wheat trials, all fungicide treatments increased the grain yield statistically significantly. The fungicide treatments increased the grain yield by 9 16 % compared to the untreated control (4262 kg/ha). Net incomes were positive with all fungicide treatments (20 72 /ha). The best net incomes were achieved with Stratego (72 /ha) and Acanto Prima (69 ), and close to them were the net incomes with Comet Pro + Juventus (62 /ha), Menara (61 ) and Juventus (61 /ha). The net incomes with Stratego and Acanto Prima differed statistically significantly from the lowest net income with Prosaro (20 /ha). Figure 1. All fungicides controlled tan spot well or excellently under moderate infection pressure. Untreated Check Tilt 250 EC 0.5 l/ha Menara 0.5 l/ha Juventus 1 l/ha Proline 0.8 l/ha Prosaro 1 l/ha Delaro 1 l/ha Stratego EC l/ha Acanto Prima 1.25 kg/ha Amistar 0.5 l/ha + Menara 0.25 l/ha Comet Pro 0.6 l/ha + Juventus 0.5 l/ha Acanto 0.5 l/ha + Zenit 575 EC 0.5 l/ha Yield, kg/ha Average of trials F & F Figure 2. Based on the averages of the two spring wheat trials all fungicide treatments increased the grain yield significantly. d c abc ab abc abc ab ab ab bc a ab

3 2013 Untreated Check Tilt 250 EC 0.5 l/ha Menara 0.5 l/ha Juventus 1 l/ha Proline 0.8 l/ha Prosaro 1 l/ha Delaro 1 l/ha Stratego EC l/ha Acanto Prima 1.25 kg/ha Amistar 0.5 l/ha + Menara 0.25 l/ha Comet Pro 0.6 l/ha + Juventus 0.5 l/ha Acanto 0.5 l/ha + Zenit 575 EC 0.5 l/ha Net income, /ha Average of trials F & F Figure 3. Based on the averages of the two spring wheat trials the net incomes were positive with all fungicide treatments. The best net incomes were achieved with Stratego and Acanto Prima, and close to them were the net incomes with Menara, Juventus and Comet Pro + Juventus. 1 Net income The average price of wheat (180 /t) in Finland in the end of 2013 was used for the yield income. The costs of the fungicide products and tractor work (18 /ha) was taken away from the value of the yield increase achieved with the fungicides. Fungicide prices and tractor work costs were according to the information from ProAgria (Assosiation of Rural Advisory Centres) and they were used without VAT. d a-d ab ab bcd cd abc a a a-d ab abc

4 05/02/14 (F ) Trial Treatments Page 1 of 1 Comparison of fungicides in spring wheat Trial ID: F Protocol ID: F Location: Kuuma Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Trt Treatment Form Form Cost Rate Growth Appl No. Name Conc Type Cost Unit Rate Unit Stage Code 1 Untreated Check 2 Tilt 250 EC 250 EC /l 0.5 l/ha 55 A -propiconazole g AI 3 Menara 410 EC /l 0.5 l/ha 55 A -propiconazole g AI -cyproconazole g AI 4 Juventus 90 SL /l 1 l/ha 55 A -metconazole g AI 5 Proline 250 EC /l 0.8 l/ha 55 A -prothioconazole g AI 6 Prosaro 250 EC /l 1 l/ha 55 A -tebuconazole g AI -prothioconazole g AI 7 Delaro 325 FS /l 1 l/ha 55 A -trifloxystrobin g AI -prothioconazole g AI 8 Stratego EC EC /l 1 l/ha 55 A -trifloxystrobin g AI -propiconazole g AI 9 Acanto Prima 380 WG /l 1.25 kg/ha 55 A -picoxystrobin g AI -cyprodinil g AI 10 Amistar 250 SC /l 0.5 l/ha 55 A -azoxystrobin g AI Menara 410 EC /l 0.25 l/ha 55 A -propiconazole g AI -cyproconazole g AI 11 Comet Pro 200 EC /l 0.6 l/ha 55 A -pyraclostrobin g AI Juventus 90 SL /l 0.5 l/ha 55 A -metconazole g AI 12 Acanto 250 SC /l 0.5 l/ha 55 A -picoxystrobin g AI Zenit 575 EC 575 EC /l 0.5 l/ha 55 A -propiconazole g AI -fenpropidin g AI Replications: 4, Untreated treatments: 1, Conduct under GLP/GEP: Yes (GEP with audit trail), Design: Randomized Complete Block (RCB), Treatment units: Treated 'Plot' experimental unit size, Dry Form. Unit: %, Treated 'Plot' experimental unit size Width: 2 meters, Treated 'Plot' experimental unit size Length: 8 meters, Application volume: 200 L/ha, Mix size: 2.5 liters, Format definitions: G-All7.def, G-All7.frm

5 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 1 of 3 Comparison of fungicides in spring wheat Trial ID: F Protocol ID: F Location: Kuuma Study Director: Anne Rahkonen General Trial Information Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Title: Research Scientist Trial Status: F one-year/final Planned Completion Date: 31/12/12 Trial Location City: Jokioinen Latitude of LL Corner : N Longitude of LL Corner : E Postal Code: FI Altitude of LL Corner, Unit: m Country: FIN Tavastia Angle y-axis to North : Conducted Under GEP: Yes No. Guideline Description 1. PP 1/26(4) Foliar and ear diseases on cereals 2. PP 1/152(4) Design and analysis of efficacy evaluation trials 3. PP 1/181(4) Conduct and reporting of efficacy evaluation trials including good experimental Objectives: Comparison of fungicides on the market in Finland in spring wheat Conclusions: The trial F was sown with cultivar Tjalve on May 21st. Tan spot infection was low. No lodging appeared in either of the trials. Fungicides were applied at the heading stage on 8th of July. Three and a half weeks after the fungicide application, at BBCH 75, tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) covered 5 % of the leaf area in the untreated plots. All fungicide treatments significantly decreased the amount of the tan spot infection. The control effect varied from 91 % (Comet Pro + Juventus) to 71 % (Menara) with insignificant differences. Brown rust (Puccinia recondita) appeared as low incidence in the untreated plots (0.25 % leaf cover). The fungicide treated plots were clean from brown rust (control effect %). The leaves stayed longer green in the fungicide treated plots than in the untreated plots. The yield level was normal (4266 kg/ha in the untreated plots) in the trial. All fungicides increased the spring wheat yield by % and the net incomes were positive ( /ha). Fungicide treatments with at least 17 % yield increase provided a statistically significant positive net income ( /ha). Only the net income in the Tilt and Amistar + Menara treated plots was lower than that. All fungicide treatments incresead significantly thousand grain weights by 6 12 % and hectolitre weights by 2 % compared to the untreated control. (Although differences between the yield increases were rather big, they were statistically insignificant between different fungicide treatments. A variable vigour of the crop stand in the trial area may have been the reason. The crop growth was apparently weaker especially in the second replication.) Personnel Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Title: Research Scientist Affiliation: Address: Laboratorium Location: Jokioinen, Finland Postal Code: anne.rahkonen@mtt.fi

6 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 2 of 3 Cooperator/Landowner Cooperator: MTT Organization: Agrifood Research Finland City: Jokioinen Postal Code: FI Country: FIN Tavastia Crop Description Crop 1: TRZAS Triticum aestivum (spring) Spring wheat Variety: Tjalve BBCH Scale: BCER Planting Date: 21/05/13 Planting Method: DRILLE drilled Rate, Unit: 226 kg/ha Depth, Unit: 4 cm Row Spacing, Unit: 12.5 cm Seed Bed: FINE fine Soil Moisture: DAMP damp Harvest Date: 03/09/13 Harvest Equipment: Wintersteiger Harvested Width, Unit: 1.5 m Harvested Length, Unit: 8 m % Standard Moisture: 24.0 Pest Description Pest 1 Type: D Code: STAGNO Stagonospora nodorum Common Name: Leaf blotch of wheat Pest 2 Type: D Code: PYRNTR Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Common Name: Tan spot of cereals Site and Design Plot Width, Unit: 2m Site Type: FIELD field Plot Length, Unit: 8m Plot Area, Unit: 16 m2 Tillage Type: CONTIL conventional-till Replications: 4 Study Design: RACOBL Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Untreated Arrangement: INCLUDED single control randomized in each block No. Previous Crop Previous Pesticides Year 1. spring barley MCPA 2012 Maintenance Maintenance Rate No. Date Treatment Name Rate Unit 1. 21/05/13 Pellon Y1 (N:27 P:2.6 K:3) 222 kg/ha 2. 19/06/13 Starane 0.5 l/ha 3. + Express 50 T 2 tab/ha 4. + Moddus 0.2 l/ha ph: 5.43 Texture: SIC silty clay Soil Description Moisture and Weather Conditions Closest Weather Station: Jokioinen, Ilmala Distance, Unit: 9.5 km

7 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 3 of 3 A Application Date: 08/07/13 Time of Day: 14:10 Application Method: spray Application Placement: foliar Applied By: VR, TV, PK Air Temperature, Unit: 18.3 C % Relative Humidity: 63 Wind Velocity, Unit: 3.5 mps Dew Presence (Y/N): N no Soil Temperature, Unit: 18.0 C Soil Moisture: dry % Cloud Cover: 5 Application Description Crop Stage At Each Application A Crop 1 Code, BBCH Scale: TRZAS BCER Stage Scale Used: BBCH Stage Majority, Percent: 55 Height, Unit: 65 cm Pest Stage At Each Application A Pest 1 Code, Type, Scale: STAGNO D Pest 2 Code, Type, Scale: PYRNTR D Density, Unit: 3 % Application Equipment A Appl. Equipment: Plot sprayer Equipment Type: SPRAYE Operation Pressure, Unit: 2.1 bar Nozzle Type: Hardi4110 Nozzle Size: 12 Nozzle Spacing, Unit: 50 cm Nozzles/Row: 4 Boom ID: KSU2 Boom Length, Unit: 2 m Boom Height, Unit: 50 cm Ground Speed, Unit: 1 mps Carrier: water Spray Volume, Unit: 200 l/ha Mix Size, Unit: 2.5 liters

8 05/02/14 (F ) AOV Means Table Trial ID: F Protocol ID: F Location: Kuuma Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Comparison of fungicides in spring wheat Pest Code PYRNTR PUCCRE Crop Code TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS Crop Variety Tjalve Tjalve Tjalve Tjalve Tjalve Tjalve Tjalve Part Rated LEAF - LEAF - LEAF - GRAIN - GRAIN - GRAIN - GRAIN - Rating Date 01/08/13 01/08/13 05/08/13 18/09/13 Rating Type DAMDIS DAMDIS GREEN YIELD WEIGHT WEIGHT INCOME Rating Unit percent percent number kg g kg Sample Size, Unit 1 plot 1 plot 1 plant 1 ha 1000 seed 1 hl 1 ha Crop Stage Majority Crop Stage Scale BBCH BBCH BBCH BBCH BBCH BBCH Trt-Eval Interval 24 DA-A 24 DA-A 28 DA-A 72 DA-A ARM Action Codes APC APC TY3 APOC T2 APOC T1 APOC T6 Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code Untreated Check 5.13 a a 1.05 b 4266 b c 81.6 b 0 b (0%) (0%) (100%) (100%) (100%) 2 Tilt 250 EC 0.5 l/ha A 1.13 b b 1.45 a 4775 a ab 83.1 a 59 ab (78%) (99%) (112%) (108%) (102%) 3 Menara 0.5 l/ha A 1.50 b b 1.48 a 5120 a ab 83.7 a 113 a (71%) (98%) (120%) (109%) (102%) 4 Juventus 1 l/ha A 0.93 b b 1.48 a 5164 a b 83.2 a 110 a (82%) (99%) (121%) (106%) (102%) 5 Proline 0.8 l/ha A 0.93 b b 1.50 a 5247 a ab 83.4 a 110 a (82%) (99%) (123%) (110%) (102%) 6 Prosaro 1 l/ha A 0.63 b b 1.55 a 5128 a ab 83.6 a 83 a (88%) (100%) (120%) (110%) (102%) 7 Delaro 1 l/ha A 0.68 b b 1.48 a 5178 a a 83.5 a 99 a (87%) (100%) (121%) (112%) (102%) 8 Stratego EC l/ha A 0.88 b b 1.43 a 5111 a ab 83.4 a 100 a (83%) (100%) (120%) (110%) (102%) 9 Acanto Prima 1.25 kg/ha A 0.78 b b 1.50 a 5164 a a 83.6 a 112 a (85%) (100%) (121%) (112%) (102%) 10 Amistar 0.5 l/ha A 1.20 b b 1.40 a 4854 a ab 83.4 a 54 ab Menara 0.25 l/ha A (77%) (100%) (114%) (110%) (102%) 11 Comet Pro 0.6 l/ha A 0.48 b b 1.48 a 5194 a ab 83.5 a 103 a Juventus 0.5 l/ha A (91%) (100%) (122%) (110%) (102%) 12 Acanto 0.5 l/ha A 1.35 b b 1.38 a 4977 a ab 83.6 a 74 a Zenit 575 EC 0.5 l/ha A (74%) (100%) (117%) (110%) (102%) LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) 0.001* 0.001* Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Column 5: TY3 = *[4]*(100-@AVGSUB([10]))/85 Column 7: T2 = ((100-@AVGSUB([10]))*@AVGSUB([6]))/85 Column 9: T1 = ((100-@AVGSUB([10]))*@AVGSUB([8]))/85 Column 14: T6 = [13]

9 05/02/14 (F ) Trial Treatments Page 1 of 1 Comparison of fungicides in spring wheat Trial ID: F Protocol ID: F Location: Piikkiö Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Trt Treatment Form Form Cost Rate Growth Appl No. Name Conc Type Cost Unit Rate Unit Stage Code 1 Untreated Check 2 Tilt 250 EC 250 EC /l 0.5 l/ha 57 A -propiconazole g AI 3 Menara 410 EC /l 0.5 l/ha 57 A -propiconazole g AI -cyproconazole g AI 4 Juventus 90 SL /l 1 l/ha 57 A -metconazole g AI 5 Proline 250 EC /l 0.8 l/ha 57 A -prothioconazole g AI 6 Prosaro 250 EC /l 1 l/ha 57 A -tebuconazole g AI -prothioconazole g AI 7 Delaro 325 FS /l 1 l/ha 57 A -trifloxystrobin g AI -prothioconazole g AI 8 Stratego EC EC /l 1 l/ha 57 A -trifloxystrobin g AI -propiconazole g AI 9 Acanto Prima 380 WG /l 1.25 kg/ha 57 A -picoxystrobin g AI -cyprodinil g AI 10 Amistar 250 SC /l 0.5 l/ha 57 A -azoxystrobin g AI Menara 410 EC /l 0.25 l/ha 57 A -propiconazole g AI -cyproconazole g AI 11 Comet Pro 200 EC /l 0.6 l/ha 57 A -pyraclostrobin g AI Juventus 90 SL /l 0.5 l/ha 57 A -metconazole g AI 12 Acanto 250 SC /l 0.5 l/ha 57 A -picoxystrobin g AI Zenit 575 EC 575 EC /l 0.5 l/ha 57 A -propiconazole g AI -fenpropidin g AI Replications: 4, Untreated treatments: 1, Conduct under GLP/GEP: Yes (GEP with audit trail), Design: Randomized Complete Block (RCB), Treatment units: Treated 'Plot' experimental unit size, Dry Form. Unit: %, Treated 'Plot' experimental unit size Width: 2 meters, Treated 'Plot' experimental unit size Length: 8 meters, Application volume: 200 L/ha, Mix size: 2.5 liters, Format definitions: G-All7.def, G-All7.frm

10 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 1 of 4 Comparison of fungicides in spring wheat Trial ID: F Protocol ID: F Location: Piikkiö Study Director: Anne Rahkonen General Trial Information Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Title: Research Scientist Trial Status: F one-year/final Planned Completion Date: 31/12/12 Trial Location City: Piikkiö Latitude of LL Corner : N Longitude of LL Corner : E Postal Code: Country: FIN Southwest Finland Conducted Under GEP: Yes No. Guideline Description 1. PP 1/26(4) Foliar and ear diseases on cereals 2. PP 1/152(4) Design and analysis of efficacy evaluation trials 3. PP 1/181(4) Conduct and reporting of efficacy evaluation trials including good experimental Objectives: Comparison of fungicides on the market in Finland in spring wheat Conclusions: The trial F was sown with cultivar Kruunu on May 21 st. Tan spot infection was moderate at the trial site in Piikkiö. No lodging appeared in the trial. There was a very low disease incidence (0.1 % tan spot infection) at the time of the fungicide applications at heading stage, on 9th of July. Three and a half weeks after the fungicide application, at BBCH 75, the tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) covered 26 % of the leaf area in the untreated plots. The fungicide treatments decreased the amount of the tan spot by %. Brown rust (Puccinia recondita) appeared as very low incidence in the untreated plots (0.1 % cover) and all fungicide treated plots were free from rust. The number of green leaves was higher in the fungicide treated plots than in the untreated plots. The yield level was close to normal (4259 kg/ha in the untreated plots) in Piikkiö. Water shortage restricted crop growth, and that is why fungicide treatments increased grain yield only by 2 13 % compared to the untreated control. Stratego treatment provided the highest yield increase (13 %) but the difference was statistically insignificant compared to the untreated control. Net income was positive with the treatments Stratego (44 /ha), Acanto + Zenit (33 /ha), Acanto Prima (27 /ha), Comet Pro + Juventus (21 /ha), Juventus (13 /ha), Tilt (10 /ha), Amistar + Menara (9 /ha) and Menara (8 /ha). None of the income increases was statistically significant compared to the untreated control. All fungicide treatments except Juventus increased statistically significantly thousand grain weight (3 7 %) compared to the untreated control. All other fungicide treatments except Juventus also increased slightly the hectolitre weight. With Tilt, Delaro, Stratego, Acanto Prima, Amistar + Menara, Comet Pro + Juventus and Acanto + Zenit the increase was statistically significant compared to the untreated control. Personnel Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Title: Research Scientist Affiliation: Address: Laboratorium Location: Jokioinen, Finland Postal Code: anne.rahkonen@mtt.fi

11 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 2 of 4 Cooperator/Landowner Cooperator: MTT Organization: Agrifood Research Finland City: Piikkiö Postal Code: Country: FIN Southwest Finland Crop Description Crop 1: TRZAS Triticum aestivum (spring) Spring wheat Variety: Kruunu BBCH Scale: BCER Planting Date: 21/05/13 Planting Method: DRILLE drilled Rate, Unit: 240 kg/ha Row Spacing, Unit: 12.5 cm Seed Bed: ROUGH rough Soil Moisture: DAMP damp Harvest Date: 06/09/13 Harvested Width, Unit: 1.1 m Harvested Length, Unit: 8 m % Standard Moisture: 17.6 Pest Description Pest 1 Type: D Code: STAGNO Stagonospora nodorum Common Name: Leaf blotch of wheat Pest 2 Type: D Code: PYRNTR Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Common Name: Tan spot of cereals Site and Design Plot Width, Unit: 2m Site Type: FIELD field Plot Length, Unit: 8m Plot Area, Unit: 16 m2 Tillage Type: CONTIL conventional-till Replications: 4 Study Design: RACOBL Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Untreated Arrangement: INCLUDED single control randomized in each block No. Previous Crop Previous Pesticides Year 1. spring wheat Express 50 SX, Glyfonova Bio, borax spring wheat Express 50 T, Starane 180, Glyfonova Bio fallow 2010 Maintenance Maintenance Rate No. Date Treatment Name Rate Unit 1. 21/05/13 Pellon Y3 (N:23 P:3 K:8) 360 kg/ha 2. 19/06/13 Express 50 SX 15 g/ha 3. + additive 0.1 l/ha ph: 6.3 Texture: SC sandy clay Soil Description

12 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 3 of 4 Additional Measured Elements Element Quantity Unit Ca 2400 mg/l P 5.8 mg/l K 220 mg/l Mg 630 mg/l Cu 9.1 mg/l B 1.2 mg/l Mn 15 mg/l Zn 2.8 mg/l Moisture and Weather Conditions Closest Weather Station: Kaarina, Yltöinen Distance, Unit: 0.5 km A Application Date: 09/07/13 Time of Day: 7:45 Application Method: spray Application Placement: foliar Applied By: MK Air Temperature, Unit: 22 C % Relative Humidity: 57 Wind Velocity, Unit: 1.0 mps Dew Presence (Y/N): N no Soil Temperature, Unit: 17.0 C Soil Moisture: dry % Cloud Cover: 10 Application Description Crop Stage At Each Application A Crop 1 Code, BBCH Scale: TRZAS BCER Stage Scale Used: BBCH Stage Majority, Percent: 57 Height, Unit: 60 cm Pest Stage At Each Application A Pest 1 Code, Type, Scale: STAGNO D Pest 2 Code, Type, Scale: PYRNTR D Density, Unit: 0.1 %

13 05/02/14 (F ) Site Description Page 4 of 4 Application Equipment A Appl. Equipment: Plot sprayer Equipment Type: SPRAYE Operation Pressure, Unit: 2.1 bar Nozzle Type: Hardi4110 Nozzle Size: 12 Nozzle Spacing, Unit: 50 cm Nozzles/Row: 4 Boom ID: LOU1 Boom Length, Unit: 2 m Boom Height, Unit: 45 cm Ground Speed, Unit: 1 mps Spray Volume, Unit: 200 l/ha Mix Size, Unit: 2.5 liters

14 05/02/14 (F ) AOV Means Table Trial ID: F Protocol ID: F Location: Piikkiö Study Director: Anne Rahkonen Comparison of fungicides in spring wheat Pest Code PYRNTR PUCCRE Crop Code TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS Crop Variety Kruunu Kruunu Kruunu Kruunu Kruunu Kruunu Tjalve Part Rated LEAF - LEAF - LEAF - GRAIN - GRAIN - GRAIN - GRAIN - Rating Date 02/08/13 02/08/13 02/08/13 06/09/13 Rating Type DAMDIS DAMDIS GREEN YIELD WEIGHT WEIGHT INCOME Rating Unit percent percent number kg g kg Sample Size, Unit 1 plot 1 plot 1 plant 1 ha 1000 seed 1 hl 1 ha Crop Stage Majority Crop Stage Scale BBCH BBCH BBCH BBCH BBCH BBCH Trt-Eval Interval 24 DA-A 24 DA-A 24 DA-A 59 DA-A ARM Action Codes APC APC TY3 APOC T2 APOC T1 APOC T6 Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code Untreated Check 26.3 a 0.1 a 1.31 b 4259 a b 82.7 cd 0 a (0%) (0%) (100%) (100%) (100%) 2 Tilt 250 EC 0.5 l/ha A 0.1 b 0.0 b 1.81 a 4497 a a 83.4 ab 10 a (100%) (100%) (106%) (105%) (101%) 3 Menara 0.5 l/ha A 0.2 b 0.0 b 1.81 a 4531 a a 83.2 bc 8 a (99%) (100%) (106%) (104%) (101%) 4 Juventus 1 l/ha A 0.2 b 0.0 b 1.69 a 4622 a b 82.5 d 13 a (99%) (100%) (109%) (100%) (100%) 5 Proline 0.8 l/ha A 0.2 b 0.0 b 1.56 a 4328 a a 83.3 bc -54 a (99%) (100%) (102%) (104%) (101%) 6 Prosaro 1 l/ha A 0.2 b 0.0 b 1.75 a 4423 a a 83.3 bc -43 a (99%) (100%) (104%) (103%) (101%) 7 Delaro 1 l/ha A 0.1 b 0.0 b 1.75 a 4617 a a 83.5 ab -1 a (100%) (100%) (108%) (105%) (101%) 8 Stratego EC l/ha A 0.2 b 0.0 b 1.75 a 4792 a a 83.7 ab 44 a (99%) (100%) (113%) (107%) (101%) 9 Acanto Prima 1.25 kg/ha A 0.6 b 0.0 b 1.69 a 4682 a a 83.7 ab 27 a (98%) (100%) (110%) (107%) (101%) 10 Amistar 0.5 l/ha A 0.1 b 0.0 b 1.75 a 4598 a a 83.7 ab 9 a Menara 0.25 l/ha A (100%) (100%) (108%) (104%) (101%) 11 Comet Pro 0.6 l/ha A 0.1 b 0.0 b 1.81 a 4733 a a 83.5 ab 21 a Juventus 0.5 l/ha A (100%) (100%) (111%) (104%) (101%) 12 Acanto 0.5 l/ha A 0.2 b 0.0 b 1.81 a 4740 a a 83.9 a 33 a Zenit 575 EC 0.5 l/ha A (99%) (100%) (111%) (106%) (101%) LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) 0.001* Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Column 5: TY3 = *[C4]*(100-@AVGSUB([C10]))/85 Column 7: T2 = 10*((100-@AVGSUB([C10]))*@AVGSUB([C6]))/85 Column 9: T1 = ((100-@AVGSUB([C10]))*@AVGSUB([C8]))/85 Column 14: T6 = [13]

15 05/02/14 (234_income) Summary Across Trials 1 F F Summary properties Every Crop Code TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS Crop Name Spring wheat Spring wheat Spring wheat Crop Variety * Tjalve Tjalve Rating Type INCOME INCOME INCOME Rating Unit Sample Size Sample Size Unit ha ha ha Trt Treatment Rate No. Name Rate Unit Mean Count 1 Untreated Check (Blank) (Blank) 0 d (2) 0 b 0 a 2 Tilt 250 EC 0.5 l/ha 34 a-d (2) 59 ab 10 a 3 Menara 0.5 l/ha 61 ab (2) 113 a 8 a 4 Juventus 1 l/ha 61 ab (2) 110 a 13 a 5 Proline 0.8 l/ha 28 bcd (2) 110 a -54 a 6 Prosaro 1 l/ha 20 cd (2) 83 a -43 a 7 Delaro 1 l/ha 49 abc (2) 99 a -1 a 8 Stratego EC l/ha 72 a (2) 100 a 44 a 9 Acanto Prima 1.25 kg/ha 69 a (2) 112 a 27 a 10 Amistar 0.5 l/ha 32 a-d (2) 54 ab 9 a Menara 0.25 l/ha 11 Comet Pro 0.6 l/ha 62 ab (2) 103 a 21 a Juventus 0.5 l/ha 12 Acanto 0.5 l/ha 54 abc (2) 74 a 33 a Zenit 575 EC 0.5 l/ha Combined ST 7 AOV For Grand Mean 1 TRZAS Spring wheat * INCOME 1 ha Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Prob(F) Total Trial Treatment Treatment x Trial Error Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Least square estimation AOV For F TRZAS Spring wheat Tjalve INCOME 1 ha Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Prob(F) Total Replicate Treatment Error Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Least square estimation AOV For F TRZAS Spring wheat Tjalve INCOME 1 ha Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Prob(F) Total Replicate Treatment Error Trials included in this summary are: J:\Tietolaari\Jokioinen_yhteiset\KSUglp\Arm\DATA\KTA\2013\F dat8 J:\Tietolaari\Jokioinen_yhteiset\KSUglp\Arm\DATA\KTA\2013\F dat8

16 05/02/14 (234_yield) Summary Across Trials 1 F F Summary properties Every Crop Code TRZAS TRZAS TRZAS Crop Name Spring wheat Spring wheat Spring wheat Crop Variety * Tjalve Kruunu Rating Type YIELD YIELD YIELD Rating Unit kg kg kg Sample Size Sample Size Unit ha ha ha Trt Treatment Rate No. Name Rate Unit Mean Count 1 Untreated Check (Blank) (Blank) 4262 d (2) 4266 b 4259 a 2 Tilt 250 EC 0.5 l/ha 4636 c (2) 4775 a 4497 a 3 Menara 0.5 l/ha 4825 abc (2) 5120 a 4531 a 4 Juventus 1 l/ha 4893 ab (2) 5164 a 4622 a 5 Proline 0.8 l/ha 4787 abc (2) 5247 a 4328 a 6 Prosaro 1 l/ha 4775 abc (2) 5128 a 4423 a 7 Delaro 1 l/ha 4898 ab (2) 5178 a 4617 a 8 Stratego EC l/ha 4951 ab (2) 5111 a 4792 a 9 Acanto Prima 1.25 kg/ha 4923 ab (2) 5164 a 4682 a 10 Amistar 0.5 l/ha 4726 bc (2) 4854 a 4598 a Menara 0.25 l/ha 11 Comet Pro 0.6 l/ha 4964 a (2) 5194 a 4733 a Juventus 0.5 l/ha 12 Acanto 0.5 l/ha 4859 ab (2) 4977 a 4740 a Zenit 575 EC 0.5 l/ha Combined ST 7 AOV For Grand Mean 1 TRZAS Spring wheat * YIELD kg 1 ha Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Prob(F) Total Trial Treatment Treatment x Trial Error Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Least square estimation AOV For F TRZAS Spring wheat Tjalve YIELD kg 1 ha Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Prob(F) Total Replicate Treatment Error Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Least square estimation AOV For F TRZAS Spring wheat Kruunu YIELD kg 1 ha Source DF Sum of Squares Mean Square F Prob(F) Total Replicate Treatment Error Trials included in this summary are: J:\Tietolaari\Jokioinen_yhteiset\KSUglp\Arm\DATA\KTA\2013\F dat8 J:\Tietolaari\Jokioinen_yhteiset\KSUglp\Arm\DATA\KTA\2013\F dat8