The CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes: Annual Report 2014

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1 Title Page

2 The CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes: Annual Report 204 A. KEY MESSAGES Synthesis of progress and challenges in implementing the CRP The CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes had its second full year of operation in 204 and this saw implementation of its product orientated structure and the implementation of its gender strategy. The year was also marked by developments presaging the future plans for the program: the Plan of Work and Budget prompted a request from the Consortium Office for the redescription of the program in terms of activities (Flagship Projects) rather than outputs and outcomes. As for other Research Programs Grain Legumes was requested to prepare a plan for 205 and 206, the Extension Phase, and it was decided to defer the implementation of the Flagship structure until the Extension Phase of the project. Accordingly the Annual Report for 204 retains the Product Line format, and individual Product Line Reports, describing the project in more detail can be found at the URL The year saw major upheavals in terms of the W+W2 budget with this being reduced from $23.2M in 203 to $4.7M at the start of 204 and further reduced to $3.8 in November of that year, these changes being due to a decline in W funding. The W3 and bial budget was more stable at $36.8M. This 8% drop in funding caused severe difficulties for the program as a whole, as the W3+bial funding is not redeployable and is fixed by the relevant centre s contract with a donor. In effect the reduction in the budget that is under the control of the research management committee was reduced by 64%. This trend has continued such that the 205 W+W2 budget is now reduced by 75% from that of 203 (and is 5% of the W budget from the extension phase). This reduction in W funding places great strain on the ability of the Research Program to manage the program of work effectively diminishing the authority of the Research Management Committee and trust in this structure as a mechanism for coordinating the CGIAR s activities in this area. Despite these difficulties a significant event outside the CGIAR was the UN declaration (A/RES/68/23) of 206 as the International Year of Pules. Grain Legumes is actively involved in the preparation and planning for these events. Two significant achievements and success stories in the year Lentil for rice-based cropping systems in South Asia. South Asia has a quarter of the world s population but only one-twentieth of the world s land. Farmland, already scarce, is being converted to housing or factories and yields, after increasing dramatically during the Green Revolution era, have reached a plateau in many areas. To ensure food security in the world s most densely populated region, there is only one option produce more food from every piece of arable land. That usually means increasing the yield per hectare, or per unit of water. Grain Legumes together with our partners is exploring another option squeezing in an extra crop during periods when farms are usually left fallow. Product Line 6 Extra-early maturing chickpea and lentil varieties is aimed at bringing approximately 3.5 of the 4Mha of this fallow land in South Asia into productive agriculture. The objective is to grow a legume crop in these fields relying on residual moisture, but requiring the crop to come to maturity in approximately 80 days, being constrained by rising temperatures (PL2) and the need to plant the following rice crop. In practice farmers have several legumes that can potentially be used in this way; mungbean (Vigna radiata), grasspea (Lathyrus sativa), chickpea Lentil in Bangladesh rice fallows FAO data are not in agreement with National data and the latter are used here 2

3 Annual Report 204 (Cicer arietinum) and lentil (Lens culinaris). The first two crops are outside the scope of this CRP (although they were originally considered in the project proposal) and so are not discussed here. In Bangladesh lentil represents a considerably greater volume of production (though chickpea is of greater significance in neighbouring parts of India); lentil in Bangladesh is the focus of this report. Grain Legumes has strong partnership with the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) which is the national body responsible for variety production and release. Farmers have good reasons for leaving land fallow in the winter season as harvesting a successful winter crop is a challenge because of depleting soil moisture and terminal drought with sudden rise in temperature. If even a part of this land could be cultivated, food security would improve substantially. Grain Legumes scientists from ICARDA and ICRISAT together with their colleagues in Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Myanmar have developed effective, low-cost technologies for cultivating fallow land. New varieties and crop management methods are now available and farmers in all these countries are beginning to use these technologies, with strong support from government agencies. The approach has already proven its potential in Bangladesh (and elsewhere). The major example of documented uptake of lentil varieties in Bangladesh, which grows about 65,000 ha of lentil and has traditionally imported more than half of its consumption. A key scientific enabler in establishing a thriving rice-lentil system Bangladesh is new higher-yielding short duration varieties (BARI Masur 4, BARI Masur 5, BARI Masur 6 and BARI Masur 7, which draw on ICARDA breeding lines) of lentils resistant to common diseases (rust and stemphylium blight), and extensive training of rice farmers in managing lentil crops. This has led to increase in lentil production from 26,000 tonnes in 200 to 20,000 t at present, mainly because of yield increase from 790 kg/ha in 200 to 270 kg per ha. The improved technology has spread to more than 85 percent of the lentil area in Bangladesh alone, bringing in an additional annual income of US $26.6 million. For small-scale farmers numbering ~ million, obtaining a harvest of lentils from the same piece of land has not only improved their livelihood but also nutrition for their families. Heat tolerance in common bean Product Line 2 Heat tolerant chickpea, common bean, faba bean and lentil addresses yield loss due to elevated temperature, particularly at seed set or seed filling. Surveys of germplasm accessions of Phaseolus at CIAT, Cali identified sources of heat tolerant lines that can resist at least 3 C higher average temperatures; many of these correspond to lines generated from interspecific crosses between tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) and common bean (P. vulgaris). While pollen fertility seems to be indicated by pod and seed formation, grain filling must also be improved since high temperatures inhibit proper translocation of photosynthates to developing seed. Suitability simulations for East Africa. Left: present; Middle: 2050 projection with current lines; Right: 2050 projection with temperature tolerance as identified. Green suitable- Red severe loss, Blue potential new areas NG_BEANS.pdf 3 of 85

4 Annual Report 204 A natural insecticide is recognised as cyclo(-trp-phe) In earlier studies S. griseoplanus SAI-25 had been identified as a bacterial strain with insecticidal activity against H. armigera. In the current reporting period the nature of this insecticidal activity was traced to a single metabolite, shown by a combination of techniques ( Activities under 5.7) to correspond to the cyclic dipeptide cyclo(-trp-phe). Financial summary Financial details are given in section I, below the distribution of expenditure among Product Lines (etc.) is summarised. Product Lint - PL, M - Management, G - centrally funded gender activities. With the exception of Management costs which are exclusively W+W2 funded, the proportion of W+W2 funding represents about 30% of project costs, with a minimum of 24% (PL8) and a maximum of 42% (PL7). Centre funds were contributed exclusively by CIAT. B. IMPACT PATHWAY AND INTERMEDIATE DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES (IDOS) The CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes organises its activities according to two orthogonal principles: Product Lines and Strategic Components. Product Lines (PL) have been developed to identify those interventions that are most likely to have a significant impact. These have been identified based on an analysis of demand, constraint, region and opportunities, so Product Lines focus on outputs. This analysis is presented in the project description document. Strategic Components (SC) represent enabling pathways to achieve our goals of improving the production, sale and consumption of grain legumes, and so focus on outcomes. These are also described in the project description document, which is available at: These Strategic Components are closely allied to the Flagship Projects proposed in the extension Phase (see the extension phase proposal at: In combination these identify activity clusters and define the pathway to achieving our five Intermediate Development Outcomes (IDO). IDO Food Security: Improved and stable access to grain legumes by urban and rural poor IDO2 Income: Increased and more equitable income from grain legumes by low income value chain actors, especially women 4 of 85

5 Annual Report 204 IDO3 Nutrition & Health: Increased consumption of healthy grain legumes and products by the poor for a more balanced and nutritious diet, especially among nutritionally vulnerable women and children IDO4 Productivity: Improved productivity of farming systems, especially among smallholder farmers IDO5 Environment: Minimized adverse environmental effects of increased production and intensification of grain legumes See for a description of the IDOs, Theory of Change and Impact Pathway and for a description of our Value Proposition. 5 of 85

6 Annual Report 204 C. PROGRESS ALONG THE IMPACT PATHWAY This document provides an overview of progress within Grain Legumes for the year 204, more detailed information is available on-line from individual Product Line reports and associated supporting documents. An index to these is provided at C. Progress towards outputs Plant varieties represent a major class of output from Grain Legumes and correspond to a Strategic Component of the Program. To this end 42 varieties were released in 204, and in this year two previously released pigeonpea hybrids (ICPH 267 and ICPH 2740) have been commercialised. In addition many advanced lines are at the multilocation trial and pre-release stage, and yet more sources of new alleles have been identified that are in the pre-breeding stage. Thus the program has a portfolio of products or outputs in the pipeline towards release. These are described in detail in the individual Product Line reports which can be accessed from the index above. Varieties PL Ten common bean varieties with bush growth habit were released in 204. PL2 One black bean variety released in Nicaragua was subsequently recognized to have a degree of heat tolerance. PL3 Two medium duration groundnut lines (KDG 28 and JL 776) and one confectionary line (KDG 23, a selection from ICGV 0468) were identified for release in India in 204. KDG 28 has moderate resistance to rust and late leaf spot disease. Notification proposals for these varieties are available at ICRISAT India. In addition seven varieties were released in Malawi four medium duration Virginia varieties (ICGV-SM 0850, ICGV-SM 08503, ICGV-SM 0724, ICGV-SM 073) and three Spanish genotypes (ICGV-SM 054, ICGV-SM 99556, ICGV-SM 9955) (plus two releases of new labour saving equipment: a stripper and lifter). PL4 Three soybean varieties released in Nigeria: TGx 988-5F; TGx 989-9F and TGx 95-3F; two climbing bean varieties in Cameroon. PL5 no varieties were released in 204 under PL5. PL6 Two new varieties of desi chickpea for ESA and two kabuli chickpea GLK2827 in India and FLIP03-27C in Afghanistan and three varieties of lentil for SEA (FLIP20-33L and FLIP200-27L in Afghanistan, IPL526 in India) have been released. PL7 Four machine harvestable faba bean varieties, Hama2 and Hama3 in Syria, Didea in Ethiopia and Santa Elena in Mexico were released. Four machine harvestable kabuli chickpea varieties, Garaja in Azerbaijan, Saral in Iran, Vostok in Kazakhstan and Baraev in Russia have been released for cultivation in PL8 ICPH 3762 hybrid was released in Odisha state of India in 204. This is the first report on release of pigeonpea variety/hybrid in the state. 5 varieties and 3 hybrids are in pipeline for release in different agro ecologies. Seed production technology for alfisols and vertisols was standardized which encouraged public and private sector seed players to adopt the technology and produced large scale commercial seed of hybrids. Control agents Biopestidices: Some 5 bacteria (genus Streptomyces) displayed 68 89% mortality by extracellular metabolites and 59 7% mortality by intracellular metabolites against 2 nd instar H. armigera under greenhouse conditions. Beauveria bassiana strain bb5 applied entomophytically to cowpea resulted in recovery rates of up to 49% and 36% in leaf and stem tissue, respectively, achieved using standard PDA plating technology 6 of 85

7 Annual Report 204 Biocontrol agents: It was demonstrated by olfactometric studies that female egg parasitoids Gryon fulviventre use olfactic cues emitted by adult male Clavigralla tomentosicollis, possibly aggregation pheromones whose nature is being investigated. New sources of variation and genetic markers Chickpea: Heat tolerance (ICCV 93054, ICCV 9007, FLIP97-263C, S090694, S09082, S09352, S09035, FLIP93-46C, FLIP07-329C, S090243, S09034, FLIP07-30C); machine havestability (ICCV 03205, ICCV 032, ICCV 04 and ICCV 0802); machine harvestabilty combined with ascochyta blight resistance (ICCV 86836); resistance to herbicides - imazethapyr (ICCV 0304, ICCV 03402, ICCV 9538, ICCV 975, ICCV 0), pendimethalin and alconifen (FLIP07-33C, FLIP08-256C, FLIP07-28C, FLIP07-344C, FLIP08-69C and FLIP08-69C), and fusarium wilt (IG70283, IG 894 and IG 9630); lines with combined resistance to fusarium wilt and ascochyta blight (FLIP-0-40C, FLIP-0-47C, FLIP-0-52C, FLIP-0-57C, FLIP-03-25C, FLIP-0-24C, FLIP-0-58C, FLIP-92-48C, ICCV , ICCV-055, ICC-482). The chickpea breeding line NBeG 47 which will be proposed for release in 205, is suitable for mechanical harvesting as a candidate variety for release in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States of India. It was at par in yield with the most popular cultivar JG- in 2 demonstrations conducted on farmers fields Common Bean: Most notable are the heat tolerant lines discussed in section A. Most are derived from interspecific crosses with tepary bean (P. acutifolius); more such crosses are being generated. Pythium resistant lines (required at high temperature) were identified in heat tolerance nurseries. Cowpea: Seven cultivated cowpea varieties (TVu-2432, TVu-5957, TVu-997, TVu-654, TVu-50, TVu-4806, TVu-3297) and five cowpea wild relatives (TVNu-070; TVNu-537; TVNu-589; TVNu- 762 and TVNu-37) were identified as resistant to Striga gesnerioides. Faba bean: Tolerance to herbicide metribuzin [F5 /(Fam2-- X F7/8984/05)-THTRTR-93-4, F5/(F7/8975/05 X sel2004latt.47-)-thtrtr-23, F8/HBP/SOD/ /2009 and F5 (F7/8983/05 X sel2004lat393-)-thtrtr-76]; suitability to machine harvesting and tolerance to herbicide metribuzin (TERPYT-06-, TERPYT-06-3, TERPYT-07-6, TERPYT-032-4, TERPYT-032-5, TERPYT-038-8, TERPYT-049-, TERPYT-058-4, TERPYT-058-6, TERPYT-064-4, TERPYT-067-, TERPYT-07-4); resistance to parasitic weed Orobanche crenata (2B , 2B , 2B7003-2B B B7005-2, 2B7006-, 2B70082-, 2B70085-, 2B ). Groundnut: Two transformation events #5 and #6 overexpressing lipoxygenase gene (PnLOX3) have been evaluated under challenge infection in India by A. flavus under confined micro-sick plots. They are promising candidates for Aflatoxin management. The differentially expressed proteins of target genes are being characterized as possible new sources of low aflatoxin contamination. Genome wide introgression lines developed based on One interspecific cross, Tifrunner x ISATGR F seeds were generated have been used to generate BCF seeds in 204.Screening of a total of 20 markers covering entire genome completed on four parental genotypes of two wide crosses. A total of 94 polymorphic SSRs were identified. MAGIC population based on eight-way crosses were completed, F s raised in F2 plants will be raised in 204/5. Phenotyping for oil content in the F2:3 population derived from ICGV X ICGV 06420, and for fatty acids in F2:3 population of ICGV X SunOliec 95 R is completed Lentil: Screening of lentil germplasm and breeding material against heat, key diseases (wilt, stemphylium blight and rust), machine harvestable traits (pod drop, pod dehiscence, first pod bearing node height, plant height and tendril), parasitic weed (orobanche), and post emergence herbicides (Imazethapyr and Metribuzin) has resulted in identification of useful donors as mentioned in the detailed report. Suitability to machine harvesting (00S 963-2, 00S , 06S , 00S 9630-, 00S , 06S , 08S 40-0, 08S , 2009S , 2009S ); resistance to herbicides - imazethapyr (ILL82, ILL0865, GCP25, GCP54, GCP85, GCP95) and metribuzin (GCP95, GCP23 and GCP24); resistance to parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.) (ILL7686, ILL468, 7 of 85

8 Annual Report 204 ILL590, ILL995, ILL0657, ILL84, ILL7990, ILL605, ILL7946, ILL960090, ILL88527, ILL7726, ILL807, ILL8, ILL7982, GCP 5, GCP 35, ILL699, ILL7934, ILL8068, AKM96, ILL8089), heat tolerance (ILL 22, ILL4902, ILL 8026, ILL4258, FLIP L, and ILL2507). Pigeonpea: Candidate gene(s) for A4 derived cytoplasmic male sterility were identified. Four-way multi-parent advanced generation inter-crosses (MAGIC) were completed during 204. Stable obcordate leaf shape male sterile lines were identified and used to develop heterotic hybrid combinations. Seven waterlogging tolerant genotypes/hybrids were identified (ICP 5028, ICPH 243, ICPL 879, ICPH 2740, ICPL 49, ICPL 2024, and MAL 5). In Tanzania, among 02 (42 medium duration and 60 long duration) genotypes evaluated for yield and drought tolerance, eight genotypes were found promising. In Malawi and Mozambique, a total of 95 (35 medium and 60 long duration) genotypes were evaluated for yield and disease resistance, 8 genotypes were found promising. A total of 250 breeding and germplasm lines were evaluated for Phytophthora blight and eight lines (ICPLs 87, 85063, 264, 227, 273, 99048, 99044, 2036) exhibited resistant reaction (<0% incidence). New Media The Grain Legumes website has featured seven lead point articles achieved at In addition to these the regular Grain Legumes FEED newsletter has been circulated among our stakeholders. A total number of 63 news articles, blogs and announcements were updated on the Grain Legumes website in 204. (Complete list with the links can be accessed from or the main index at Genomic tools Chickpea: Chickpea reference set (300 accessions) was re-sequenced at 5X to 3X coverage using whole genome re-sequencing (WGRS); a comprehensive genetic map comprising of,03 marker loci and spanning a distance of cm was developed from ICC 4958 ICC 882 RILs and the QTL-hotspot earlier identified for drought tolerance traits was saturated with 49 SNP markers (Mol Genet Genomics, DOI 0.007/s ), Four SSR markers (TA37, TA34, H4F03 and NCPRG48) associated with leaf miner resistance in chickpea. Lentil: lentil specific 57 EST-SSR markers have been developed (P-6 report). Lentil genome sequence is expected soon with Canada and US as partners ( Pigeonpea: Promoter region of NAD7 candidate gene for A4 cytoplasmic male sterility was isolated and cloned in pcr8/gw/topo TA entry vector. F2 mapping population segregating for fertility restoration were developed. To understand the molecular basis of heterosis, bisulfite sequencing libraries of two hybrids and their parental lines was generated. For construction of heterotic pools a total of 04 pigeonpea hybrid parental lines were re-sequenced (3X to 5X sequencing data generated per line). Re-sequencing data analysis of 20 parental lines (8 cultivated lines and 2 wild species accessions) resulted in identification of 4,686,422 SNPs and 779,254 InDels. Progress by Output Target Annex 4 records progress by Output Target, and this is summarised diagrammatically below for Output Targets that were expected to be achieved by year 5 of the original program. Each horizontal bar represents an Output Target, those missing were expected to be delivered more than 5 years after the start of Grain Legumes. The bar ahead of schedule would be maximal if this was completely achieved already, while the bar behind schedule would be minimal if no progress had been made whatsoever. Note that in this version there are many of these, but that is because the progress is not recorded in Annex 4. 8 of 85

9 Annual Report 204 C.2 Progress towards the achievement of research outcomes and IDOs Progress towards achievement of the outcomes corresponding to our IDOs is described in the individual PL Reports, but these can be summarised in several broad categories: ) The release and adoption of improved varieties and technologies. All PLs (except 5) have participated in the release of new varieties, 42 in all, including one pigeonpea hybrid, 3 common bean, 8 chickpea, 4 faba bean 3 lentil 0 groundnut and 3 soybean varieties. In PL adoption studies have been undertaken and it has been shown that farmers in Tanzania and Zambia grow an improved variety in one season and local varieties in another season or may grow improved varieties in mixture with local varieties, presumably for risk management. PL2 A bean variety released in Nicaragua was subsequently demonstrated to have a degree of heat tolerance. Heat tolerant varieties of faba bean which can tolerate as high as 35 o C temperature at flowering turned out to be a boon to small holder farmers in Sudan, resulting in ha area under faba bean with total production elevated to 22,000 tons in the last decade. Around families are benefited from the usage of those cultivars with an average income of 4000 US$. In PL3 technology promotion for promoting groundnut rosette management and aflatoxin technologies and population and water management have been implemented in Tanzania. In Malawi for PL3 we tracked adoption rates from 202 to 204 for groundnuts and found that area under the crop had increased by 2.5 %; with groundnuts contributing about of 6% to agricultural GDP in 204. This is a remarkable contribution for a crop with a cost benefit ratio 4.6 compared to maize, tobacco and soybean. This is well above the threshold of required to benefits of any enterprise. PL6 Over 6,882 metric tons (MT) of quality seed (breeder, foundation, certified and truthfully labelled seeds) of improved chickpea cultivars was produced in South Asia (25, 499 MT in India; 3 MT in Bangladesh) and ESA (34,335 MT in Ethiopia; 935 MT in Tanzania and Kenya). For lentil, 26 VBSEs established producing 8.9 MT foundation and TL seeds of improved varieties in Nepal, 6.7 MT of certified and TL seeds in Bangladesh and 970 MT in India. Adoption study of improved chickpea cultivars in Dharwad and Gulbarga districts of Karnataka, India revealed 65% and % of the total cropped area under JG and BGD 03, respectively. In Andhra Pradesh state, adoption of improved varieties (JG, JAKI 928 and JG 30) has reached ~98%. Adoption study in Sub-Saharan Africa indicated 57269, 8887 and ha area under improved varieties of chickpea, lentil and faba bean in Ethiopia and and 6800 ha under faba bean and chickpea in Sudan. PL7 Over 382 MT tonnes of quality seeds of chickpea improved varieties, 73.7 MT of faba bean and 9.2 MT of lentil produced for distribution among farmers in Ethiopia. Adoption of faba bean varieties (Misr3, Giz843) in Egypt has resulted in 25% increase in area and 30% in production. PL8 In 204 a large area of hybrid pigeonpea was cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Odisha, Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh. The NARS partners, Department of Agriculture, private seed companies, NGOs and progressive farmers played a key role in this mission. The state governments of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Maharashtra distributed hybrid seed on subsidy to farmers to encourage hybrid cultivation. This has led to increase in productivity to 2.5 t/ha compared to.5 t/ha by varieties and t/ha by local types in an area of 00,000 ha. 2) Participatory selection and demonstrations Farmer participatory selection together with technology demonstrations either as cultivation practices (eg PL5) or on-farm variety evaluations for groundnuts as well as production technology evaluations (PL3) are widespread approaches within Grain Legumes. In PL Farmer Participatory Selection (FPVS) was conducted in the 7 countries involved in TL II in PL6. PL6: FPVS were conducted on improved chickpea varieties in India, Bangladesh, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Kenya in addition to 992 on-farm demonstrations on chickpea and 569 on lentil. 26 village based seed hubs were established in India, Bangladesh and Nepal for lentil seed production. 9 of 85

10 Annual Report 204 PL8 3,200 on farm demonstrations were conducted in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh states of India to demonstrate the performance of hybrids over local and improved varieties and create awareness on hybrid cultivation among small and marginal rainfed farmers. In association with an EU-IFAD project several IPM sites in Romani province of Morocco are used for demonstrating management options for diseases. C.3 Progress towards Impact We have highlighted two major impacts in section A above. The heat tolerant bean outputs have potential for impact as reflected in the considerable media attention and the outputs are summarised at: also see for example: Boosting lentil production in Rice fallow in South Asia has been featured on CGIAR ( and ICARDA ( websites, and published in Dailymail ( India-comes-fore.html) and CNN inews ( A SPIA supported comprehensive study on impacts of short duration chickpea cultivars was conducted in Andhra Pradesh State of India. The following are the highlights of the report published (Bantilan et al Short Duration Chickpea Technology: Enabling Legumes Revolution in Andhra Pradesh, India; See PL6 report ( for more details. D. GENDER RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS. Gender inequality targets defined In 203 we established the Gender Strategy for Grain Legumes 2, while in 204 Grain Legumes engaged Esther Njuguna-Mungai as gender specialist, who engaged in discussions with the Product Line coordinators to establish priority gender research in the CRP. After a series of meetings, the gender specialist documented a proposed Gender Implementation Framework 3 for the CRP, which was presented to and adopted by the RMC in November 204. The main focus of the research in the CRP is proposed to be gender gap in grain legumes production. Activities identified to support this focus include: (i) Generation of evidence of the gender gap (ii) Identification of indicators for tracking and monitoring the gender gap (iii) Capacity building in support of the gender gap activities Since this proposal was adopted in November, further activities will be reported next year..2 Institutional architecture for integration of gender research in the CRP In 204, the CRP Grain Legumes appointed a gender specialist who joined service in the month of April. The gender research component in the CRP has an allocated gender budget. The Gender specialist has joined the CGIAR Gender Network and is representing the CRP in network wide activities. The CRP grain legumes is participating on a global study on Gender Norms and Agency in 2 see and 3 see 0 of 85

11 Annual Report 204 Agriculture and Natural resources management by doing case studies in Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia..3 Gender research in the CRP The CRP is starting a process of identifying focal points for gender research in each of the product lines and forming a CRP Level network with them for capacity building activities and implementation of gender research in each product line. Consolidated reports of gender activities are available at An example of gender related findings from activities initiated under.(i) above, from PL6, are where the study on the evidence of a gender gap in lentil and chickpea value chain in Ethiopia has found significant involvement of women in all aspects of farming activities in addition to their reproductive (domestic) chores. The study found that extension service is male dominated. Agricultural development would be more successful when extension agents pay attention to gender issues, so training of extension workers in gender issues and communication skills with women is important. Women s access to extension services was less than men. Therefore, gender responsive training (changing approach of training, timing of training and center of training) is important to meet the needs and preferences of men and women for sustainable increase in production of the crops and improve livelihood. For diffusion of information, social network is an option like Lemlem Chefe kebele 4 extension is given monthly through Idir 5, particularly important who have less access to formal extension service. In some areas team work (One to Five) approach is established and it can be used as a means of technology and information dissemination. These mechanisms that enable women to join groups include allowing women in MHHs and FHHs, non-land owners to be group members; time arrangement to accommodate women s workloads; ensuring that all women have equal opportunities to say their concerns in group meetings. Women have limited bargaining power on lentil and chickpea marketing, hence there is a need for smart gender-sensitive ways of linking women farmers to markets through market information, linking with major commercial actors, organizing women marketing groups, and training in marketing. FHHs and MHHs had different access and control over resources and face different problem and will require different types of agricultural technology, extension and development interventions. Women s empowerment is also important (women specific organization, like women cooperation) for the sustainable development in the study areas which contribute to realize poverty reduction goals, millennium development targets and sustainable development in Ethiopia. (FAO, 20) argue that achieving gender equality and empowering women in agriculture is not only the right thing to do. It is also critical for agricultural development and food security. The results of the analysis indicate that both men s and women s are knowledgeable about crop production and management, however most women do better than that of males in lentil and chickpea production using indigenous knowledge. Level of skill and knowledge and understanding of women on technology is limited due to their low level of education. There is a need to include practical and field trainings, equip women s knowledge particularly women in MHHs through extension service on crop production and management 4 a small administrative unit in Ethiopia 5 community group of 85

12 Annual Report 204 E. PARTNERSHIPS BUILDING ACHIEVEMENTS The Grain Legumes Research Program engages with partners at all levels of activity. Partners are represented in the Lead Center Governing Board (ICAR, CORAF), the Steering Committee (EIAR, EMBRAPA, GDAR, ICAR, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation), the Independent Advisory Committee (APAARI, ASARECA, CORAF, FAO, and the Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center), the Research Management Committee (ICAR) and for the implementation of many bial projects. These partnerships are required for the management, priority setting and implementation of the program. The links with INRA Morocco, LARI Lebanon, EIAR Ethiopia, ICAR, India and ARC Egypt are important components of ICARDA s decentralization program. Together with regional associations such as PABRA 6 these long-standing partners provide a formal mechanism for the alignment of Grain Legumes with national and regional priorities. A major new initiative for 204 was the establishment of the Legume Scholars Program for which students will initiate their studies in 205. This program brings Grain Legumes, the USAID Legume Innovation Labs and selected US Universities in a coordinated post graduate training network. ( 204 also saw the initiation of a competitive grants scheme that enabled several partnerships to be established and/or strengthened ( these will come to fruition in 205. In total 6 awards were made of which three included more than one CGIAR Centre and 29 partner organisations. The Swiss Development Corporation (SDC) renewed its commitment to the Pan-African Bean Research Alliance (PABRA) for a 5-year period, assuring continuity in activities. Public- private partnerships are at a range of scales and types of activity, including the National Smallholder Farmers Association, Peacock Seeds, Agri-Inputs Suppliers Association and smallholder farmers seed producing associations in Malawi involved in the groundnut value chain, which has a focus on product quality. The pigeonpea hybrid parent seed consortium and the associated All India Coordinated Pigeonpea Research Improvement Project on Pigeonpea (ICAR) is concerned with the inputs for farmers while the partnership with Bio-Pyhto Collines in Glazoue, Benin (a self-help youth agribusiness) has been established for commercial production of emulsifiable neem extract as part of our biocontrol strategy. F. CAPACITY BUILDING (/2 page) Details of capacity building in Grain Legumes are listed in sections 3 to 6 of Annex. In summary A summary of the training courses from Grain Legumes is given below: No. of beneficiaries Total Male Female CIAT training courses 3,80 66,645 64,535 ICARDA training courses 0,237 9,03,206 ICRISAT training courses 0, ,22,459 IITA training courses,746, Total CRP Grain Legumes Courses 49,23 8,582 67,689 See for further details includes 5,62 farmers not classified by gender 2 of 85

13 Annual Report 204 Capacity building related to Gender The hiring of one senior gender researcher (March 204), and one scientific officer gender research who joined in January 204, enhanced our capacity. The occasion of the Open Forum meeting ( in association with the International Conference on Legume Genetics and Genomics and International Food Legumes Research Conference was an opportunity for our Gender Specialist to interact with the Product Line Coordinators. Disaggregated figures for women in various training programs are given sections 3 to 6 of Annex G. RISK MANAGEMENT The major risks to the program derive from its financial instability. For 204 the project was 28.5% supported from W+W2 funding and this has declined to 26.5% in 205. W2 funding has remained constant and supportive of the program, but W funding has declined considerably. In the extension phase it is 25% of what was anticipated in the proposal document. The CRP has had many logistical, organisational, governance, and research issues to deal with, but the ability of the Research Management Committee to coordinate the program has been seriously undermined by the loss of flexibility because of the increased reliance on W3 and bial projects that are constrained by the agreements between the funder and the lead institution. This leads irrevocably to a fragmentation of the program and loss of opportunity for synergistic interactions. It seems almost inevitable that this will result in the break-up of the research on grain legumes within the CGIAR in the second phase of CRPs which would institutionalise this fragmentation, reverting to the pre-reform structures. H. LESSONS LEARNED Analysis of differences from what was planned: The PoWB for 204 identified areas where the document anticipated no activity in 204: Item s Outcome CA 2.4 No activities for 204 N/A 3.2 PL 3, (SC2), Activity cluster 2: Approaches and methodologies for screening drought tolerant low aflatoxin groundnut developed 3.4 PL 3, (SC4), Activity cluster 4: Explorative R&D to improve aflatoxin and drought breeding and management 5. PL5, (SC), Activity cluster : Updating knowledge on ecological interactions between insect pests, plant hosts and the environment 5.2 PL5, (SC2), Activity cluster 2: Developing and deploying durable insect-resistant traits 7.4 No activities for 204 N/A 8. No activities for 204. N/A These indicated that the planning for the POWB missed some important intentions and that the communication channels between the centres and the Research Management Committee need to be strengthened. N/A N/A N/A N/A I. CRP FINANCIAL REPORT The reports: L0 L06, L,L2, L3 and L2 are presented in Annex 3. 3 of 85

14 Annual Report 204 CRPs concerned by this indicator Annex : CRP indicators of progress, with glossary and targets Indicator KNOWLEDGE, TOOLS, DATA All. Number of flagship products produced by CRP All Glossary/guidelines for defining and measuring the indicator, and description of what the CRP includes in the indicator measured, based upon the glossary Glossary: These are frameworks and concepts that are significant and complete enough to have been highlighted on web pages, publicized through blog stories, press releases and/or policy briefs. They are significant in that they should be likely to change the way stakeholders along the impact pathway allocate resources and/or implement activities. They should be products that change the way these stakeholders think and act. Tools, decision-support tools, guidelines and/or training manuals are not included in this indicator. Specify what type of products, from above glossary, you have included in the number indicated under 203; if relevant specify geographic locations Deviation narrative (if actual is more than 0% away from target) Target Actual Target Actual Target. PL. PL2. PL3. PL4. PL5. PL6 Village based seed hubs established PL7 A faba bean variety suitable for machine harvesting was released for cultivation in Syria.. PL8 Village level seed cooperative society- Hybrid purity assessment kits % of flagship products produced that have explicit Glossary: The web pages, blog stories, press releases and policy briefs supporting indicator # must have an explicit focus on 4 of 85

15 Annual Report 204 target of women women farmers/nrm managers to be counted farmers/nrm managers Provide concrete examples of what you include in this indicator 2. PL 2. PL2 2. PL3. Two prototypes and their local manufacture versions for a Labour saving equipment (i.e. a sheller and a pod stripper) have been submitted for release in Malawi and are being promoted in East and southern Africa 2. Varieties with properties supportive of women s role in farming and households- early maturity, tastes and preferences, processing and nutrition oil content e.t.c. a. Three Spanish groundnut varieties ICGV-SM 99556, ICGV- SM 9955, ICGV-SM 054 that mature within 00 days to meet early food requirements in households were released in Malawi. b. 222 new lines varieties with short duration and/or and in combination with high oil, large seeded and 50 new high oil varieties were evaluated in India as pipeline or women favorable traits (nutrition and food processing). 3. Leverage of community seed systems (number of women accessing seed) a. Community seed banks in Malawi, Tanzania used to improved access to improved groundnuts by women farmers. 45,000 farmers reached in Malawi in partnership with farmer organisations. All 2. PL4 2. PL5 2. PL6 2. PL7 00% see 2. PL8 Women entrepreneurs involved in seed production % of flagship products produced that have been assessed for likely genderdisaggregated impact Glossary; Reports/papers describing the products should include a focus on gender-disaggregated impacts if they are to be counted Provide concrete examples of what you include in this indicator 5 of 85

16 Annual Report PL 3. PL2 3. PL3 See indicator 2 above. Farmers engaged in on-farm assessments of technologies for better targeting (eg PVS), Women groups and allied farmer association engaged in seed systems, 3. PL4 3. PL5 3. PL6 3. PL7 none 3. PL8 Women farmers will be scaled up in cultivation of hybrid seeds 55 All 4. Number of tools produced by CRP Glossary: These are significant decision-support tools, guidelines, and/or training manuals that are significant and complete enough to have been highlighted on web pages, publicized through blog stories, press releases and/or policy briefs. They are significant in that they should be likely to change the way stakeholders along the impact pathway allocate resources and/or implement activities Based on the glossary, describe the types of outputs you include in this indicator 4. PL PL2 4. PL3 Farmers/extension workers receiving information bulletins and manuals for aflatoxin management, productivity enhancement ( double up legume protocols, NARS breeders receiving MAS protocols. Multiplex PCR tool for groundnut rosette breeding activities Anitha et al., 204 Arch Virol DOI 0.007/s Tracking progress in adoption of groundnut technologies and the outcomes against 202 benchmarks ( ICRISAT Grian Legumes Archiva reports Farmer participatory research to promote adoption and targeting of groundnut innovations in Asia, East and southern Africa and West and central Africa (ICRISAT Grian Legumes Archiva reports 204). 6 of 85

17 Annual Report 204 All 4. PL4 4. PL5 4. PL6 Extension bulletins on lentil production in local languages developed Mass media activities organized PL7 Chickpea breeding lines (e.g. ICCV 03205, ICCV 032, ICCV 04 and ICCV 0802) suitable to mechanical harvesting and yield levels similar to or higher than the check cultivars developed. A chickpea breeding line ICCV with suitability to machine harvesting and resistance to ascochyta blight identified. Twenty-two faba bean genotypes suitable to machine harvesting and tolerance to herbicide metribuzin identified. Several chickpea breeding lines (e.g. ICCV 0304, ICCV 03402, ICCV 9538, ICCV 975, and ICCV 0) tolerant to herbicide imezeathapyr identified. Six chickpea breeding lines tolerant to herbicides pendimethalin and aclconifen identified. Thirty-two fababean genoypes tolerant to metribuzin identified. Seven lentil genotypes tolerant to herbicide imazethapyr and 4 to metribuzin identified. Two EMS-induced mutant lines (Mu-38 and Mu-48) of faba bean variety BPL 30 were found tolerant to herbicide glyphosate. 4. PL8 Hybrid seed production manuals of pigeonpea will be published Manual on hybrid cultivation practices including INM and IPM Press releases and publications on transplanting pigeonpea techniques Electronic and print media on improved crop management practices % of tools that have an Glossary: The web pages, blog stories, press releases and policy explicit target of women briefs supporting indicator #4 must have an explicit focus on farmers women farmers/nrm managers to be counted 5. PL 2 5. PL2 5. PL3 Number of women farmers benefiting from access to knowledge 7 of 85

18 Annual Report 204 All and new varieties during on-farm research and community based seed systems. In West and Central Africa- 590 women farmers attended training on improved groundnut varieties, good practices for groundnut production, post-harvest 2. In east and southern Africa-700 women farmers attended training on groundnut production and aflatoxin management including access to seed via community seed banks tons of quality declared seed produced in Malawi, with 45, 000 farmers accessing seed by PL4 5. PL5 5. PL6 See in 4. PL6 50% 50% 50% 5. PL7 50% 5. PL8 6. % of tools assessed for Glossary: Reports/papers describing the products should include a likely gender-disaggregated focus on gender-disaggregated impacts if they are to be counted impact 6. PL 0 6. PL2 6. PL3 Relationship between crop management and aflatoxin contamination studied in Tanzania. A study on aflatoxin contamination from field-to-storage over a six months- the common period during which farmers store their produce shows 4 months as the maximum inflection point to prevent further contamination of groundnuts by aflatoxin. (Africa Rising 204 Annual Reports ICRSAT) 2. Groundnuts has a relatively benefit cost ration of has a higher (4.6) benefit cost ratio compared to maize, tobacco and soybean implying high benefits to especially women farmers who growth the crop (See Msere et al., 204 Grain legumes Archival Report) 6. PL4 8 of 85

19 Annual Report 204 All All 6. PL5 6. PL6 none 6. PL7 6. PL8 At least one database that will have marker, genotype information, maps, etc. Sequence data will be deposited in Open Access data 7. Number of open access databases maintained by CRP Indicate the type of data bases (e.g., socio-economic survey data; crop yields in field experiments ) you are reporting on in the following columns 7. PL 7. PL2 7. PL3 Socio economic survey data, gender survey data, linkages to W3 seed road-map implementation, selected research data, research summaries such as archival reports for ICRISAT 7. PL4 7. PL5 7. PL6 Crop ontology of chickpea and lentil in IBP containing breeders preferred traits Varietal release, human resource and research budget databases for food legumes established for Ethiopia, Eritrea and the Sudan Complete database of international nurseries of chickpea, faba bean and lentil over the years du&authuser=0 7. PL7 7. PL8 Crop ontology of pigeonpea submitted to IBP containing breeders preferred traits 8. Total number of users of these open access databases 8. PL PL2 8. PL3 Number of visits and downloads from websites disaggregated by users, continent and frequency of engagement 8. PL4 2 9 of 85

20 Annual Report PL5 8. PL6 8. PL7 8. PL8 as 7 24 All 9. Number of publications in For details see PL: 5 ISI journals produced by CRP PL2:25 PL3:25 PL4: 9 PL5:6 PL6:4 PL7: 6 PL8: 8,2,3, 4, 6 0. Number of strategic Clearly indicate the type of value chains you are reporting on in value chains analyzed by CRP the next columns 0. PL 0. PL2 0. PL3. Groundnut grain value chain characterized for aflatoxin contamination points in Tanzania (Africa Rising report 204) for Malawi, Zambia characterized (IFINIT and USAID feed the future 2. Real-time tracking of adoption of improved groundnut varieties in Tamil Nadu 3. Market channels, their efficiency and utilization patterns of legumes in major legume growing and trading regions in India (See ICRISAT Grain legumes Archival Reports ro 204). 0. PL4 0. PL5 0. PL6 Food legumes value chain in Morocco 0. PL7 Faba bean seed system in Morocco 0. PL8 One value chain on producer to trader on hybrid pigeonpea 3 CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT AND INNOVATION PLATFORMS All 3. Number of trainees in short-term programs Glossary: The number of individuals to whom significant knowledge or skills have been imparted through interactions that 20 of 85

21 Annual Report 204 facilitated by CRP (male) are intentional, structured, and purposed for imparting knowledge or skills should be counted. This includes farmers, ranchers, fishers, and other primary sector producers who receive training in a variety of best practices in productivity, post-harvest management, linking to markets, etc. It also includes rural entrepreneurs, processors, managers and traders receiving training in application of new technologies, business management, linking to markets, etc., and training to extension specialists, researchers, policymakers and others who are engaged in the food, feed and fiber system and natural resources and water management. Include training on climate risk analysis, adaptation, mitigation, and vulnerability assessments, as it relates to agriculture. Training should include food security, water resources management/iwrm, sustainable agriculture, and climate change resilience Indicate, from the above list, the general subject matters in which training was provided 3. PL PL2 3. PL3 South Asia Mr Rictibert C. Pamunag and Mr Dennis DL Bihis, completed four months training on groundnut breeding and/or seed production techniques East and Southern Africa. Nine (9) NARS staff (2 from Zambia, 4 Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and from Uganda Lead farmers, extension staff, technicians and researchers trained in seed production, aflatoxin management and field experimental techniques in Malawi. 3. PL4 3. PL5 Biological control against M. vitrata: 2 female trainees 2 of 85

22 Annual Report 204 All Biopesticides: 2 trainees from the Licee agricole de Sekou, Benin, 4 males, 7 females 3. PL6 Group trainings on Pre-breeding and crop improvement in grain legumes, IPM, Variety identification and maintenance, Supplementary irrigation, community based seed production and marketing, agronomic management, Data management and statistical analysis and Innovation Platforms; On-farm Trials Design and Analysis; 7 field days an training program on legume cultivation and seed production in SEA, ESA, and WANA 3. PL7 Twenty-two male scientists participated in a training course on Pre-breeding and crop improvement in legumes organized at ICRISAT-Patancheru. Eighteen male researchers participated in a training course on grain legume improvement organized by ICARDA in Terbol, Lebanon. Four male trainees participated in a course on variety maintenance and village based seed enterprise in Morocco. 3. PL8 Conventional and genomic breeding, improved crop management practices on hybrid cultivation and hybrid seed production Number of trainees in (see above, but for female) short-term programs facilitated by CRP (female) 4. PL PL2 4. PL3 East and Southern Africa. Nine (4) NARS staff ( Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and from Uganda Lead farmers, extension staff, technicians and researchers trained in seed production, aflatoxin management and field experimental techniques in at ICRISAT Malawi. 4. PL4 4. PL5 Biological control against M. vitrata: 2 female trainees 22 of 85

23 Annual Report 204 All Biopesticides: 7 female trainees from the Licee agricole de Sekou, Benin 4. PL6 see 3. PL6 4,25, PL7 Three female scientists participated in a training course on Prebreeding and crop improvement in legumes organized at ICRISAT- Patancheru. Four female researchers participated in a training course on grain legume improvement organized by ICARDA in Terbol, Lebanon. One female trainee participated in a course on variety maintenance and village based seed enterprise in Morocco. 4. PL8 Conventional and genomic breeding, improved crop management practices on hybrid cultivation and hybrid seed production, Number of trainees in Glossary: The number of people who are currently enrolled in or long-term programs graduated in the current fiscal year from a bachelor s, master s or facilitated by CRP (male) Ph.D. program or are currently participating in or have completed in the current fiscal year a long term (degree-seeking) advanced training program such as a fellowship program or a post-doctoral studies program. A person completing one long term training program in the fiscal year and currently participating in another long term training program should be counted only once. Specify in this cell number of Master s and number of PhD s 5. PL BSc 2 MSc 5 PhD MSc 6 PhD 4 5. PL2 PhD:, MS: PL3 MSc= 3 PhD= 5. PL4 5. PL5 PhD: 8 MSc: PL6 PhD: 3 MsC: of 85

24 Annual Report 204 All 5. PL7 PhD: 4 MS: 2 BSc: 5. PL8 PhD: 6 MSc: 6.Number of trainees in (see above, but for female) long-term programs facilitated by CRP (female) 6. PL MSc 3 PhD 4 6. PL2 MS: BS: 6. PL3 MSc 3 6. PL4 PhD: 6. PL5 PhD: 6 females MSc: 3 females PL6 PhD: female 6. PL7 PhD: MS: 6. PL8 PhD: 3 MSc: 3 TECHNOLOGIES/PRACTICES IN VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT All 8. Number of technologies/nrm practices under research in the CRP (Phase I) Glossary: Technologies to be counted here are agriculture-related and NRM-related technologies and innovations including those that address climate change adaptation and mitigation. Relevant technologies include but are not limited to: Mechanical and physical: New land preparation, harvesting, processing and product handling technologies, including biodegradable packaging Biological: New germplasm (varieties, breeds, etc.) that could be higher-yielding or higher in nutritional content and/or more resilient to climate impacts; affordable food-based nutritional of 85

25 Annual Report 204 supplementation such as vitamin A-rich sweet potatoes or rice, or high-protein maize, or improved livestock breeds; soil management practices that increase biotic activity and soil organic matter levels; and livestock health services and products such as vaccines; Chemical: Fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides sustainably and environmentally applied, and soil amendments that increase fertilizer-use efficiencies; Management and cultural practices: sustainable water management; practices; sustainable land management practices; sustainable fishing practices; Information technology, improved/sustainable agricultural production and marketing practices, increased use of climate information for planning disaster risk strategies in place, climate change mitigation and energy efficiency, and natural resource management practices that increase productivity and/or resiliency to climate change. IPM, ISFM, and PHH as related to agriculture should all be included as improved technologies or management practices. New technologies or management practices under research counted should be only those under research in the current reporting year. Any new technology or management practice under research in a previous year but not under research in the reporting year should not be included. Clearly indicate, from the list above, the type of technology and geographical location that you are reporting on in next columns 8. PL Beans for dry bean market classes Snap beans Canning beans Drought tolerant beans and cowpeas Low fertility tolerant beans and cowpeas Disease resistant beans 8. PL2 40 improved lines of lentil with climate smart traits in yield trials 24 improved lines of fababean with climate smart traits in yield trials of 85

26 Annual Report PL3 Biological: Lines entering national performance trials, new populations developed Evaluation of 222 new varieties with short duration and/or and in combination with high oil, large seeded and 50 new high oil varieties in eight replicated trials conducted in India In Malawi, 8 entries each for Virginia and Spanish were included in 6 FPVS trials conducted in various parts of the country, in Zambia, a new set of 5 varieties were evaluated across four districts (Lundazi, Katete, Chipata and Petauke), in Mozambique, 6 genotypes included in 32 FPVS sites of 7 major groundnutproducing regions, in Tanzania, 2 FPVS were conducted in 2 Districts of Southern zone of the country and in Uganda 3 FPVS were conducted in 8 locations in 6 regions. In Malawi, 8 entries each for Virginia and Spanish were included in 6 FPVS trials conducted in various parts of the country, in Zambia, a new set of 5 varieties were evaluated across four districts (Lundazi, Katete, Chipata and Petauke), in Mozambique, 6 genotypes included in 32 FPVS sites of 7 major groundnutproducing regions, in Tanzania, 2 FPVS were conducted in 2 Districts of Southern zone of the country and in Uganda 3 FPVS were conducted in 8 locations in 6 regions Genome wide introgression lines developed based on One interspecific cross, Tifrunner x ISATGR F seeds were generated have been used to generate BCF seeds in 204. Screening of a total of 20 markers covering entire genome completed on four parental genotypes of two wide crosses. A total of 94 polymorphic SSRs were identified. MAGIC population based on eight-way crosses were completed, F s raised in F2 plants will be raised in 204/5. Phenotyping for oil content in the F2:3 population derived from ICGV X ICGV 06420, and for fatty acids in F2:3 population of ICGV X SunOliec 95 R is completed. Three hundred and twenty RILs derived from TAG 24 x ICGV 8603 cross were evaluated in replicated trial under stress and no stress conditions during postrainy season at Patancheru, India. 26 of 85

27 Annual Report 204 ICGV 0227 and ICGV 9783 identified as new sources of drought and low P tolerance. Four genotypes (ICGV-SM 054, ICGV-SM 03530, JL 24 and ICGV-SM 08538) found stabile under drought conditions in ESA The varieties, ICG 227, Chico and ICG found to have low pod scarification and perforation hence low predisposition to fungal attack 8. PL4 Application of phosphorus fertilizer for increasing BNF in chickpea and faba bean 8. PL5 South and Southeast Asia (SSEA) Resistance in chickpea and pigeonpea germplasm to pod borer H. armigera Interspecific crosses in chickpea for improved resistance to pod borer Transgenic chickpea lines with resistance to pod borer Entomopathogenic micro-organisms against the pod borer Central and Western Asia and North Africa (CWANA) Resistance to chickpea leaf miner Resistance to chickpea pod borer Seed dressing with chemical pesticides against aphids and stem borer Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) Thrips resistance Striga resistance Biological control against the pod borer Maruca vitrata Biopesticides against a broad range of cowpea pests 8. PL6. 36 promising breeding lines at 7 locations in India through two international nurseries (ICSN-Desi and ICSN-kabuli) extra-early chickpea lines are under screening for biotic stresses resistance (68 desi and 84 kabuli) breeding lines in PYTs and 36 (64 desi and 72 kabuli) breeding lines 32 elite lines of chickpea are under evaluation in various yield trials in India and 7 elite of 85

28 Annual Report PL7 lines in Ethiopia and two elite lines each in Tanzania and Kenya elite kabuli lines with early maturity identified for yield evaluation and disease reaction elite lines under seven international kabuli chickpea nurseries in MET trials in 3 countries elite lines under 8 International lentil nurseries under testing in 30 countries extra early lentil lines are under preliminary evaluation Development of new breeding lines suitable to machine harvesting in chickpea, lentil and faba bean. 2. Identification of additional sources of herbicide tolerance in chickpea, lentil and faba bean. 3. A whole genome re-sequencing (WGRS) approach has been initiated in chickpea to identify molecular markers linked to candidate genes responsible for herbicide tolerance. 4. Development of RIL mapping populations for tolerance to herbicides imazethapyr (ICC 70 x ICC 4077) and metribuzin (ICC 205 x ICC 4077) is in progress. 5. Identification of induced mutants for herbicide tolerance in chickpea. 6. Establishment of optimum seed rate and planting density for machine harvestable chickpea, lentil and faba bean varieties. 8. PL8 Seven waterlogging tolerant genotypes/hybrids were identified (ICP 5028, ICPH 243, ICPL 879, ICPH 2740, ICPL 49, ICPL 2024, and MAL 5). A total of 250 breeding and germplasm lines were evaluated for Phytophthora blight and eight lines (ICPLs 87, 85063, 264, 227, 273, 99048, 99044, 2036) exhibited resistant reaction (<0% incidence) In Tanzania, among 02 (42 medium duration and 60 long of 85

29 Annual Report 204 All All 9. % of technologies under research that have an explicit target of women farmers duration) genotypes evaluated for yield and drought tolerance, eight genotypes were found promising. In Malawi and Mozambique, a total of 95 (35 medium and 60 long duration) genotypes were evaluated for yield and disease resistance, 8 genotypes were found promising. Five super early maturing pigeonpea lines namely, ICPL 20338, ICPL 255 and ICPL (in determinate group) and ICPL and ICPL 30 (in non-determinate group) were identified as promising to expand pigeonpea cultivation in different cropping systems Hybrid seed purity testing kits were developed for six hybrids including two leading pigeonpea hybrids (ICPH 267, ICPH 2740) and four promising hybrids (ICPH 4503, ICPH 3762, ICPH 3933, and ICPH 275) The papers, web pages, blog stories, press releases and policy briefs supporting indicator #x must have an explicit focus on women farmers/nrm managers to be counted 9. PL PL2 9. PL3 9. PL4 Not for PL5 9. PL6 Extra early varieties with green pods 50% 50% 9. PL7 50% 9. PL8 20. % of technologies under research that have been assessed for likely genderdisaggregated impact Reports/papers describing the products should include a focus on gender-disaggregated impacts if they are to be counted of 85

30 Annual Report 204 All, except PL We have assessed the utilization and impact of improved bean 2 varieties in Uganda, Zambia and Southern highlands of Tanzania for the period Both men and women farmers are likely to adopt improved varieties, which is expected since adoption can be at small scale, facilitated by small pack approach of seed delivery (see Uganda impact highlight for Rwanda and Uganda, Zambia and Tanzania technical reports available at: The community based seed delivery approach is under evaluation in Ethiopia and Uganda for its social reach and sustainability under MSC program at Makerere university. The drafting of one MSC thesis in good progress. 20. PL2 20. PL3 20. PL4 20. PL5 Not for PL6 Improved varieties 50% 50% 20. PL7 none 20. PL8 50% 50% 23. Number of technologies /NRM practices field tested (phase II) Glossary; Under field testing means that research has moved from focused development to broader testing (pilot project phase) and this testing is underway under conditions intended to duplicate those encountered by potential users of the new technology. This might be in the actual facilities (fields) of potential users, or it might be in a facility set up to duplicate those conditions. Clearly identify in this cell the type of technology and the geographical locations of the field testing/pilot projects reported in next columns 23. PL ) Bean based food dietary combinations and or bean based industrial products have been developed in 0 countries. These are: Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, Madagascar, Kenya and Cameroon 2) Bean nurseries for niche markets ( snap beans in Kenya, of 85

31 Annual Report 204 Uganda, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Ghana and canning beans in Ethiopia, Zambia, Kenya, Rwanda, South Africa, Zimbabwe) tested on farm 3) Abiotic and biotic stress tolerant bush varieties include Latin America info 4) ISFM work ( for example green manures and composting) in Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, DRCongo, Ethiopia, Madagascar(Boaz) 5) IDPM work has largely been on soil pathogens in Uganda, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Sudan Beans for dry bean market classes Snap beans Canning beans Drought tolerant beans and cowpeas Low fertility tolerant beans and cowpeas Disease resistant beans Bean flour based products Fertility management 23. PL2 Heat tolerant beans 23. PL3 23. PL4 N fixing climbing beans 2 Inoculants (CRP 4) 23. PL5 None in PL6 Two lentil elite lines identified for large scale demonstration 2 before release (LRIL-9-25 in Bangladesh, ILL7723 in Nepal) 23. PL7 Four kabuli elite lines (FLIP 0-29C, FLIP 07-2C, FLIP07-254C and 6 FLIP 08-93C in Morocco), two lentil lines (FLIP07-34L in Tunisia, FLIP95-29L in Syria) in pre-release stage. Chickpea breeding line NBeG 47, suitable for mechanical harvesting and a candidate variety for release in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States of India, was at par in yield with the most popular cultivar JG- in 2 demonstrations conducted on farmers fields. 23. PL8 Seed production in alfisols and vertisols 4 3 of 85

32 Annual Report 204 Hybrids under transplanting technique Under ICM technologies, 28 FPVS (3-Tanzania, 29-Malawi, 2- Uganda) and 378 demos (98-Tanzania, Malawi-40, Uganda-240) were conducted to identify farmer and consumer preferred varieties that fit in to target regions in ESA countries on farm demonstrations were conducted in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh states of India to demonstrate the performance of hybrids over local and improved varieties and create awareness on hybrid cultivation among small and marginal rainfed farmers All, except 2 27.Number of technologies/nrm practices released by public and private sector partners globally (phase III) Glossary: In the case of crop research that developed a new variety, e.g., the variety must have passed through any required approval process, and seed of the new variety should be available for multiplication. The technology should have proven benefits and be as ready for use as it can be as it emerges from the research and testing process. Technologies made available for transfer should be only those made available in the current reporting year. Any technology made available in a previous year should not be included. Clearly identify in this cell the technologies/practices thus released (scale up phase), the geographical areas concerned 27. PL Beans for dry bean market classes 5 Canning beans Drought tolerant beans and cowpeas Disease resistant beans Bean flour based products 27. PL2 Heat tolerant beans 27. PL3 Seven groundnut varieties 3 Spanish and 4 Virginia varieties released in Malawi. Several entered national released processes in South Asia, West and Central Africa as well as Tanzania and Uganda 27. PL4 N fixing climbing beans 27. PL5 None in of 85

33 Annual Report PL6 Two new varieties of desi chickpea for ESA and two kabuli chickpea GLK2827 in India and FLIP03-27C in Afghanistan and three varieties of lentil for SEA (FLIP20-33L and FLIP200-27L in Afghanistan, IPL526 in India) have been released. 27. PL7 Four machine harvestable faba bean varieties, Hama2 and Hama3 in Syria, Didea in Ethiopia and Santa Elena in Mexico were released. Four machine harvestable kabuli chickpea varieties, Garaja in Azerbaijan, Saral in Iran, Vostok in Kazakhstan and Baraev in Russia were released. 27. PL8 ICPH 3762 hybrid was released in Odisha state of India in the year 204. This is the first report on release of pigeonpea variety/hybrid in the state. 5 varieties and 3 hybrids are in pipeline for release in different agro ecologies. Seed production technology for alfisols and vertisols was standardized which encouraged public and private sector seed players to adopt the technology and produced large scale commercial seed of hybrids POLICIES IN VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT All 28. Numbers of Policies/ Regulations/ Administrative Procedures Analyzed (Stage ) 28. PL 28. PL2 28. PL3 28. PL4 Number of agricultural enabling environment policies / regulations / administrative procedures in the areas of agricultural resource, food, market standards & regulation, public investment, natural resource or water management and climate change adaptation/mitigation as it relates to agriculture that underwent the first stage of the policy reform process i.e. analysis (review of existing policy / regulation / administrative procedure and/or proposal of new policy / regulations / administrative procedures).please count the highest stage completed during the reporting year don't double count for the same policy. Clearly identify in this cell the type of policy, regulations, etc. from the above list of 85

34 Annual Report PL5 28. PL6 28. PL7 28. PL8 All 29. Number of policies / regulations / administrative procedures drafted and presented for public/stakeholder consultation (Stage 2).. that underwent the second stage of the policy reform process. The second stage includes public debate and/or consultation with stakeholders on the proposed new or revised policy / regulation / administrative procedure. Celarly identify in this cell the type of policy, regulations and so on, and the geographical location of the consultations 29. PL Consultations Interactive process and experiences sharing from representatives of countries neighboring Kenya resulted to policy dialogue the outcome of this process is the likely use of Quality Declared Seed (QDS) for legumes in Kenya. Pending are follow up discussions with seed policy makers. This is a key step towards the policy making process on QDS in Kenya. The introduction of biofortification (as one of several options for addressing micronutrient deficiencies) into existing country nutrition strategies 29. PL2 29. PL3 Aflatoxin management, seed systems are two areas we can affect 29. PL4 29. PL5 29. PL6 29. PL7 29. PL8 All 30. Number of policies / regulations / administrative procedures presented for legislation(stage 3) : underwent the third stage of the policy reform process (policies were presented for legislation/decree to improve the policy environment for smallholder-based agriculture.) Clearly identify in this cell the type of policy and the country/region concerned 30. PL Though beans are staple food in Burundi with an annual consumption estimated above 30 kg per capita, they were not included the priority crops in the country, as result of interactions of 85

35 Annual Report 204 with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, beans are being considered to be among the seven priority crops Rwanda presented for legislation a new policy draft for Food and Nutrition (FN) that includes biofortification as a strategy 30. PL2 30. PL3 Aflatoxin management, seed systems are two areas we can affect 30. PL4 30. PL5 30. PL6 30. PL7 30. PL8 All 3. Number of policies / regulations / administrative : underwent the fourth stage of the policy reform process (official approval (legislation/decree) of new or revised policy / procedures prepared regulation / administrative procedure by relevant authority). passed/approved (Stage 4) Clearly identify in this cell the type of policy and the country/region concerned 3. PL Rwanda Ministry of Health has approved a new policy draft for Food and Nutrition (FN) that includes biofortification as a strategy 3. PL2 3. PL3 Aflatoxin management, seed systems are two areas we can affect 3. PL4 3. PL5 3. PL6 3. PL7 3. PL8 All 32. Number of policies / regulations / administrative procedures passed for which implementation has begun (Stage 5) : completed the policy reform process (implementation of new or revised policy / regulation / administrative procedure by relevant authority) Clearly identify in this cell the type of policy and the country/region concerned 32. PL Rwanda has begun the implementation of the new Food and Nutrition policy signed by the Ministry of Health. For more details, contact the Head of the Nutrition desk at the Ministry of Health, Mr. Alexis Mucumbitsi - mucumbitsi2002@yahoo.fr 3 35 of 85

36 Annual Report PL2 32. PL3 32. PL4 32. PL5 32. PL6 32. PL7 32. PL8 OUTCOMES ON THE GROUND All 33. Number of hectares under improved technologies or management practices as a result of CRP research A policy on school feeding program in Madagascar has been established; the porridge flour is bean based. For more details contact the National Coordinator of the National Nutrition Office (ONN), Ms. RAOBELINA Holy Malala - holy@onn.mg The SADC Harmonized Seed Regulatory System was launched in November 204 and CIAT through SABRN is spearheading the registration of bean varieties on the regional database to facilitate ease of movement of varieties across the borders of member countries Clearly identify in this cell the geographic locations where this is occurring and whether the application of technologies is on a new or continuing area 33. PL Data provided here is based on 6 (TL2 Project participating countries) these are: Ethiopia, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania, Kenya. Estimates for Ethiopia, Uganda, and southern Tanzania are based on survey data while Malawi, Zimbabwe and 43,782 Kenya were estimated based on expert opinion. These are estimated new areas. 33. PL2 33. PL3 33. PL4 258, PL5 33. PL6 South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa through on-farm,880ha demonstrations of improved technologies in new areas in of 85

37 Annual Report 204 All villages 33. PL7 33. PL8 Hybrid Pigeonpea cultivation by small and marginal farmer s 00,000ha 34. Number of farmers and Clearly identify in this cell the geographic location of these farmers others who have applied and whether the application of technologies is on a new or new technologies or continuing area and indicate: management practices as a 34 (a) number of women farmers concerned result of CRP research 34(b) number of male farmers concerned 34. PL A.,32,000 B. 776, PL2 34. PL3 Not done for all countries except in Malawi. Adoption of improved varieties increased from ha in 202 to ha in PL4 A. 79,000 B. 05, PL5 34. PL6 South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa through on-farm 0,27 demonstrations of improved technologies in new areas in 398 villages 34. PL7 34. PL8 number of women farmers number of male farmers 20,000 40, of 85

38 Annual Report 204 Annex 2: Performance indicators for gender mainstreaming with targets defined (see section D) Performance Indicator. Gender inequality targets defined CRP performance approaches requirements Sex-disaggregated social data is being collected and used to diagnose important gender-related constraints in at least one of the CRP s main target populations See the CRP GL POWB for 204 where this is described by Activity Cluster, the Product Line Reports and section D,.3 above. CRP performance meets requirements Sex-disaggregated social data collected and used to diagnose important gender-related constraints in at least one of the CRP s main target populations See the CRP GL POWB for 204 where this is described by Activity Cluster, Annex and the PL reports at And The CRP has defined and collected baseline data on the main dimensions of gender inequality in the CRP s main target populations relevant to its expected outcomes ( IDOs) The collation of this information remains fragmentary and will be addressed further in the Extension Phase. For 204 we have initiated the analysis of gender gaps together with the establishment of baselines and indicatiors. Our Gender Specialist has initiated relevant gender training and awareness building within the Research Management Committee. CRP performance exceeds requirements Sex-disaggregated social data collected and used to diagnose important gender-related constraints in at least one of the CRP s main target populations See the CRP GL Product Line Reports And The CRP has defined and collected baseline data on the main dimensions of gender inequality in the CRP s main target populations relevant to its expected outcomes (IDOs) And CRP targets changes in levels of gender inequality to which the CRP is or plans to contribute, with related numbers of men and women beneficiaries in main target populations 2. Institutional architecture for integration of gender is in place - CRP scientists and managers with responsibility for gender in the CRP s outputs are appointed, have written TORS. This was been done for the RMC and PMU and Gender specialists in Procedures defined to report use of available diagnostic or baseline knowledge on gender routinely for assessment of the gender equality implications of the CRP s flagship research products as per the Gender - CRP scientists and managers with responsibility for gender in the CRP s outputs are appointed, have written TORS and funds allocated to support their interaction. This has been done see the financial summary in sections A and I The CRP has revised its management structure for the extension phase this has brought in new people who contribute a greater diversity of experience, age from the previous committee. Four of the six new appointments were women - Procedures defined to report use of available - CRP scientists and managers with responsibility for gender in the CRP s outputs are appointed, have written TORS and funds allocated to support their interaction. The CRP gender specialist has initiated her programme of work (qv) and has been influential for example in shaping the form of gender work in the extension phase. - Procedures defined to report use of available diagnostic or baseline knowledge on gender routinely for assessment of the gender equality implications of the CRP s flagship research products as per the Gender Strategy This is not yet fully implemented throughout the CRP, but the PABRA framework (developed at the start of the current phase 5 38 of 85

39 Annual Report 204 Strategy (see ) -CRP M&E system has protocol for tracking progress on integration of gender in research The development of a CRP wide M&E policy was initiated in 203. The development of a workable system was initiated in 204, but did not come to fruition. diagnostic or baseline knowledge on gender routinely for assessment of the gender equality implications of the CRP s flagship research products as per the Gender Strategy This is under way in our gender workplan ( and this seeks to inform and integrate gender analyses undertaken at the level of Product Lines. PABRA has one staff member who specifically attends to gender. -CRP M&E system has protocol for tracking progress on integration of gender in research No years ago) explicitly prescribes the inclusion of gender evaluation in all activities. This includes gender disaggregated data on technology evaluation (participatory varietal selection; crop management practices) and use (income generation; consumption) and training. -CRP M&E system has protocol for tracking progress on integration of gender in research Although the CRP M&E system is not fully functional, PABRA has an M&E official who systematically compiles gender disaggregated data, although responsibility for data collection is distributed among research staff. For example, data on seed distribution is collected based on gender of seed recipients. This practice is implemented widely with partners in seed dissemination, although it is less practical with private sector partners who sell seed commercially. - A CRP plan approved for capacity development in gender analysis This is part of the Gender Implementation Strategy. - The CRP uses feedback provided by its M&E system to improve its integration of gender into research The CRP M&E system is not fully functional 39 of 85

40 Annual Report 204 Annex 3: L-series Financial Reports Reference Description Comments page L0 L06 L L2 Budget and Financial Reports CRP Cumulative Financial Summary CRP Annual Funding Summary CRP Annual Financial Summary CRP Grain Legumes Expenditure by Natural Classification Report Included mainly for reconciliation purposes and to eliminate double counting of CGIAR collaboration costs; note that it is the net amount (i.e. expenses excluding CGIAR collaboration costs) which should be used as the total for L and L3 L3 CRP Grain Legumes Themes Report Simplified - Source of funding no longer required; note that this report is still titled "Themes"; transition is underway and some CRPs are already recording costs by Flagship Project. If that is the case for your CRP, please change the title of the report. Analytical Financial Reports L2 CRP Partnerships Report Notes Most reports are for current year only. Exceptions are L0 which is multi-year (cumulative). All reports shown here are for individual CRP's. The Consortium Office will prepare consolidated CRP reports. Budget figures in all of the attached forms should be the annual confirmed budget (POWB) for the year. W/2 total will be as the Financing Plan notified by the Consortium Office, and W3/Bial the forecast prepared internally. Actual events since the signing of the PIAs result in the budget per PIA no longer being a meaningful measure of performance. For reporting purposes, please delete from L2 and L3 Centres not relevant to your CRP 40 of 85

41 L0 Cumulative Financial Summary Annual Report 204 Report L0 CRP No "Grain Legumes" Period 0 July December 204 Amounts in USD (000's) Report Description Name of Report: Cumuative Financial Summary Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 5th Cumulative Financial Summary 4 of 85

42 Annual Report 204 L06 CRP Annual Funding Summary pt NB W3 funding from CGIAR Centres represent an internal transaction 42 of 85

43 Annual Report 204 L CRP Annual Financial Summary 43 of 85

44 Annual Report 204 L2 CRP Grain Legumes Expenditure by Natural Classification Report 44 of 85

45 Annual Report 204 L3 CRP Grain Legumes Themes Report; Analytical Financial Reports 45 of 85

46 Annual Report 204 L2 CRP Partnerships Report 46 of 85

47 Annual Report 204 L2 CRP Partnerships Report part 2 47 of 85

48 Annual Report 204 L2 CRP Partnerships Report part 3 48 of 85

49 Annual Report 204 L2 CRP Partnerships Report part 4 49 of 85