Socio-economic Impact of Commodity Interest Group among Pomegranate Growers

Transcription

1 40 International J. of Exten. Edu. Vol. XI: 40-45, 25 ISSN : NAAS Rating 4.15 Socio-economic Impact of Commodity Interest Group among Pomegranate Growers R. D. Ahire1, P. S. Kapse2 and P. R. Deshmukh3 1. Head 2. Assistant Professor and 3. Associate Professor Dept of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, VNMKV, Parbhani Corresponding author pravinkapse@rediffmail.com ABSTRACT The investigation was conducted in the Aurangabad district purposely as jurisdiction of KVK, Aurangabad to ascertain the socio-economic impact of commodity interest group (CIG) among pomegranate growers. The data were collected from the members of CIGs of pomegranate growers by personally interviewing them with the help of the specially designed interview schedule. The result revealed that majority of respondents were middle age group, educated upto secondary school level, small land holders, having medium area under pomegranate cultivation and medium level of source of information, economic motivation, social participation, extension contact, market orientation, knowledge and adoption of pomegranate cultivation technology. Remarkable change was observed among the pomegranate growers in terms of education, social participation, annual income, converted their house from kaccha to pacca, employment generation, possessions of farm implements, irrigation facilities and food consumption, whereas medium change was observed in terms of subsidiary occupation, possession of vehicle as compared to before formation of commodity interest group of pomegranate cultivation. The correlation coefficients depicted that most of independent variables viz., area under pomegranate, annual income, sources of information, social participation, knowledge and adoption of pomegranate cultivation were positively and significantly related with overall impact of commodity interest group on the respondents. Key words : Socio-economic impact, Commodity interest group (CIG), Pomegranate Farmers in India remain poor as they are unable to obtain better prices inspite of the hard work they do in order to reap harvests. They are not in a position to determine the price for their own produce. The need of the hour is to establish commodity groups, farmers interest groups and farmers federation so that they gain the confidence to fix price for their produce. Commodity Interest Group (CIG) is a self managed, independent group of farmers with a shared goal and interest for specific commodity. The members work together to achieve this goal by pooling their existing resources, gaining better access to other resources and to share in the resulting benefits. Farmer s organizations are seen as a useful organizational mechanism for mobilizing farmers for collective self help action aimed at improving their own economic and social situation and that of their communities. Such organizations were perceived to have ability to generate resource from their members. Many government and non-government organizations have been trying to organize farmers into groups and integrate them into the development process by activity involving them in transfer of technology, production, marketing and planning in various rural development projects. As a part of organization of farmers, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Aurangabad of Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani had initiated commodity interest group in pomegranate during 25-. The CIG s in Pomegranate were initially established in four villages and later on increased to 17 villages with 17 CIG s specially in pomegranate cultivation. Members varied from 6 to 50 per CIG s. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra had played important role in collaboration with state agricultural department and some innovative farmers in technical back stopping, providing subsidies and grouping farmers themselves. So in order to see impact of CIG s among pomegranate growers, the present investigation was undertaken with followings objectives. 1. To study profile of the pomegranate growers of Commodity Interest Group (CIG). 2. To study the socio-economic impact of Commodity Interest Group among pomegranate growers. 3. To find out the relationship between profile of pomegranate growers and overall socio-economic impact of Commodity Interest Group. METHODOLOGY The present study was conducted in the Aurangabad district purposely in the jurisdiction of KVK, Aurangabad of Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani. The data were collected from the respondents by personally interviewing them with the help of the specially designed interview schedule. Aurangabad taluka was purposely selected as maximum CIG formed by KVK in this taluka. From Aurangabad taluka, four villages viz., Dhawalapuri, Bhambarda, Dudhal and Hivra were selected purposely as these villages have maximum number of CIG members. Fifteen pomegranate growers from each of the selected villages were selected randomly, thus a sample size of 60 pomegranate growers was selected for the study. Statistical tools like frequency, percentage, standard deviation, mean and correlation co-efficient were used. Impact of Commodity Interest Group : Impact of Commodity Interest Group was assessed in terms of educational change, change in social participation, change in annual income, change in housing pattern,

2 41 Socio-economic Impact of Commodity Interest Group among Pomegranate Growers change in employment generation, change in subsidiary occupation, change in vehicle possession, change in possession of farm implements, change in irrigation facilities, change in credit repayment behaviour and change in food consumption of pomegranate growers. The per cent change in different aspects of the respondents after joining the Commodity Interest Group of pomegranate was computed by using the following formula; AJG score BJG score Per cent change = x 0 Obtainable score Where, AJG score = Score obtained after joining the CIG BJG score = Score obtained before joining the CIG The overall socio-economic impact of Commodity Interest Group on pomegranate was calculated by summing the score on eleven dimensions of impact and converting it into per cent change. DD1 + DD DD11 Overall Impact of CIG = x 0 AD1 + AD AD11 Where, DD1 + DD DD11 = Sum of score on difference in eleven dimension of impact. AD1+ AD AD11 = Sum of score obtained after joining CIG on eleven dimension of impact RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Profile of the pomegranate growers. Table 1 indicate the personal, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of the pomegranate growers of Commodity Interest Group. The data Table 1 Distribution of respondents according to their personal characteristics Sr Characteristics Frequency Per cent Age Young (Up to 33) Middle (34 to 53) Old (54 & above) Illiterate Primary 20. Secondary Higher Secondary College level Marginal (Up to 1 ha).67 Small (1. to 2. ha) Medium (2. to 4. ha) Semi Medium (4. to. ha.) Big (. ha. above). Low (Up to 0.84). Medium (0.85 to 2.54) High (2.55 & above) Small (Up to Rs lakh) Medium (Rs.1.78 to Rs lakh) High (Rs lakh & above) Education Land holding Area under pomegranate Annul income (N=60)

3 42 International J. of Exten. Edu. Vol. XI: 40-45, 25 ISSN : Source of information Low (Up to 17) Medium ( to 22) High (23 & above) Low (Up to 17) Medium ( to 21) High (22 & above) Social participation Low (Up to 3) Medium (4 to 5) High (6 & above) Low (Up to ) Medium ( to 20) High (21 & above) Low (Up to 8) Medium (9 to 11) High ( & above) Knowledge Low (Up to 9) Medium (9.1 to.9) High (11 & above) Low (Up to 16) 30. Medium (17 to 19) High (20 & above) 30. Economic motivation Extension contact Market orientation Adoption revealed that majority of the respondents were found in middle age group (61.67%), per cent of them had education upto secondary school level, per cent of the respondents were having small size of land holding. With regards to area under pomegranate, Majority of the respondents were having medium area under pomegranate cultivation i.e to 2.54 acre (88.33%), whereas similar per cent of the respondents were in medium income group. The data further indicate that 70. per cent of the respondents were using medium sources of information, half of the respondents had medium level of economic motivation, per cent of the respondents were in medium level of social participation and per cent of the respondents were having medium extension. The data from Table 1 also showed that per cent, 40. per cent and 40. per cent of the respondents had medium level of market orientation, knowledge about pomegranate cultivation, and adoption of pomegranate cultivation. Socio-economic impact of Commodity Interest Group among pomegranate growers The data pertaining to socio-economic impact of commodity interest group among pomegranate growers is presented in Table 2. Educational change : Data regarding educational facilities to children revealed that per cent of the respondents were grouped in high change group due to participation in commodity interest group of pomegranate. The average change index for providing the educational facilities to children and other family members were calculated, and it was observed that per cent average change in providing the educational facilities to family members. The

4 Socio-economic Impact of Commodity Interest Group among Pomegranate Growers calculated Z value showed that the difference in provision of education facilities to family members after participation in commodity interest group was significant. Change in social participation : It has been observed that per cent respondents were grouped in high level of social participation after joining the commodity interest group. Whereas results showed per cent average change in social participation level of the respondents. The calculated Z value indicated that there was significant difference in change in level of social participation of pomegranate growers after joining the group. Change in annual income : Table 2 showed that the income level of the respondents due to CIG was changed to considerable extent. It was evident from the fact that per cent were grouped under the category of high change in income level. The average change in income level of pomegranate CIG was per cent as compared to before formation of CIG. The calculated Z value showed that the significant difference in income levels of the pomegranate growers before and after joining the CIG. Change in housing pattern : It was revealed from Table 2 that 0 per cent respondents had constructed the Pacca house after joining the CIG. in housing pattern was per cent after joining the group. Whereas, the calculated Z value showed that the significant difference in housing pattern of the pomegranate growers after joining the CIG. Change in employment generation : It has been noticed that pomegranate cultivation needs more number of the labourers and additional employment is generated in the field of agriculture. Table 2 showed that per cent of the respondents of CIG required more than 288 per cent labourers than before joining the CIG. in employment generation was per cent as compared to before joining the CIG. The calculated Z value showed the significant difference in employment generation change due to CIG. Change in subsidiary occupations : The data (Table 2) on change in subsidiary occupation showed that 65 per cent of the respondents were previously engaged only in agriculture whereas after joining of CIG, 55 per cent of the respondents were engaged in agriculture along with subsidiary occupation dairy. Average change in subsidiary occupations was per cent as compared to before joining the CIG. The calculated Z value showed the significant difference in subsidiary occupations of the respondents after joining the CIG. Change in vehicle possession : The data from Table 2 showed that every respondent had vehicle after joining the CIG of pomegranate. Whereas per cent of the respondents had two wheelers and.33 per cent of the respondents had four wheelers after joining the CIG. 43 The average change in vehicle possession of the respondents was per cent. The calculated Z value showed that there was no significant difference in possession of vehicles among the pomegranate growers before and after joining the CIG. Change in possession of farm implements : The data (Table 2) indicated that the change in possession of farm implements among the respondents after joining CIG was high. It was 95. per cent of the respondents were grouped in this category. The average change in possession of farm implements of pomegranate growers was per cent. The calculated Z value showed that significant difference in change in farm implements possession of the pomegranate growers. Change in irrigation facilities : The data regarding increase in irrigation facilities showed that al most all the respondents (0%) reported from high increase in irrigation facilities after joining the CIG. Whereas average change in irrigation facilities was 1.53 per cent as compared to before joining the CIG. The calculated Z value showed significant difference in irrigation facilities of pomegranate growers after joining CIG. Change in credit repayment : The data regarding credit repayment behaviour of the respondents were presented in Table 2. Which indicated that per cent respondents after joining CIG has shown high credit repayment behaviour. The average change in credit repayment behaviour of pomegranate growers was per cent compared to before joining of CIG. The calculated Z value showed that the significant difference in credit repayment behaviour of pomegranate growers after joining the CIG. Change in food consumption : Table 2 indicated that the consumption pattern of the respondents was changed to considerable extent. The per cent of the respondents showed high change in consumption pattern. This clearly indicated that higher change in consumption pattern in pomegranate growers was due to CIG. The average change in consumption pattern was 60. per cent as compared to before formation of CIG. The calculated Z showed that there was significant difference in consumption pattern of pomegranate growers after joining of CIG. Overall impact of Commodity Interest Group on pomegranate growers : The overall impact of commodity interest group on pomegranate growers were studied, the data presented in Table 3. It is revealed that the 45. per cent of the respondents had high overall impact whereas similar percentage of the respondents had medium overall impact after joining commodity interest group. This clearly indicated that the CIG produces overall impact in desirable direction. Relationship between profile of pomegranate growers and the socio-economic impact of Commodity Interest Group. The data pertaining to correlation analysis

5 44 International J. of Exten. Edu. Vol. XI: 40-45, 25 ISSN : Table 2 Distribution of respondents according to socio-economic change due to Commodity Interest Group among pomegranate growers N=60 Sr Category Before After 'Z' Value Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage Educational change Low (Up to 42.53) ** Medium (42.54 to 99.96) High (99.97 & above) Change in social participation Low (Up to 1.80) Medium (1.81 to 3.32) ** High (3.33 & above) Change in annual income Low (Up to Rs. 61,045) Medium (Rs. 646 to ** Rs ) High (Rs & above) Change in housing pattern Kaccha ** Pacca Change in employment generation Low (Up to 2.79). Medium ** ( to ) High ( & above) Change in subsidiary occupation Agriculture Agriculture + Labour ** Agriculture + Dairy Agriculture + Service Change in possession of vehicle Non possession of vehicle NS Two wheelers Four wheelers Change in farm implements Low (Up to 3.38) Medium (3.39 to 5.71) ** High (5.72 & above) Change in irrigation facilities Low (Up to 3.) Medium (3.19 to 6.91) 45 High (6.92 & above) **

6 45 Socio-economic Impact of Commodity Interest Group among Pomegranate Growers 11 Change in credit repayment Low (Up to 53.22) Medium (53.23 to 78.77) High (78.78 & above) Change in food consumption Low (Up to Rs. 2493) Medium (Rs.2494 to 3543) High (Rs.3544 & above) Table 3 Overall impact among the respondents of Commodity Interest Group N=60 Sr. Category Frequency Percentage 1 Low (Up to 23.89). 2 Medium (23.90 to 147) High (147 & above) 45. were presented in Table 4, The correlation coefficients presented in Table 4 depicted that most of independent variables viz., area under pomegranate (0.457), annual income (0.379), sources of information (0.424), social participation (0.439), knowledge (0.288) and adoption of pomegranate cultivation were positively and significantly related with overall impact, whereas age, education, land holding, economic motivation, extension contact and market orientation had not shown any significant relationship with overall impact of commodity interest group on the respondents. These finding are in conformity with the finding of Singh (20), Deshmukh et al. (), Sawale (21) and Bhingardeve et al. (20). CONCLUSION It is concluded from the study that majority of respondents were of middle age group, educated upto secondary school level, small land holders, having medium area under pomegranate cultivation and medium level of source of information, economic motivation, social participation, extension contact, market orientation, knowledge about pomegranate cultivation and adoption of pomegranate cultivation technology. Remarkable changes were observed among the pomegranate growers in terms of education, social participation, annual income, converted their 9.308** 16.04** Table 4 Relationship between the profile of pomegranate growers and the socio-economic impact of Commodity Interest Group. N=60 Sr. Independent Variables Correlation coefficient (r) 1. Age 0.145NS 2. Education NS 3. Land holding NS 4. Area under pomegranate 0.457** 5. Annual income 0.379** 6. Sources of information 0.424** 7. Economic motivation NS 8. Social participation 0.439** 9. Extension contact NS. Market orientation 0.4 NS 11. Knowledge 0.288**. Adoption 0.198* * Significant at 0.05 per cent level of probability ** Significant at 0. per cent level of probability NS Non significant house from kaccha to pacca, employment generation,possessions of farm implements, irrigation facilities and food consumption, whereas medium change was observed in terms of subsidiary occupation, possession of vehicle as compared to before formation of commodity interest group of pomegranate cultivation. The correlation coefficients depicted that most of independent variables viz., area under pomegranate, annual income, sources of information, social participation, knowledge and adoption of pomegranate cultivation were positively and significantly related with overall impact of commodity interest group on the respondents. Paper received on : October 19, 25 Accepted on : November, 25 REFERENCES Bhingardeve, S.D., B. T. Kolgane, S. S. Patil and N. N. Tale, 20. Socio-economic impact of technologies developed by agricultural universities on farmers with respect to pomegranate. International J of Agriculture Innovations and Research, 1 (2): Deshmukh, P.R., Kadam, R.P. and Shinde, V.N.,, Knowledge and adoption of agricultural technologies in Marathwada. Indian Res. J. Exten. Edu., 7 (1): Sawale, S.V., 21. Knowledge and adoption of post harvest technology by pomegranate growers. M.Sc. (Agri.) thesis, VNMKV, Parbhani. Singh, P.K., 20. Impact of participation in planning on adoption of new technology through FLD. Manage Exten. Res. Rev, July Dec :