Multi-Beneficiary Statistical Co-operation Programme for Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Turkey Lot 2: Agricultural and Environmental Statistics

Transcription

1 MISSION REPORT Name of Component: Name of Activity: Component 2.3 Pesticide Indicators Start-up phase of the pilot pesticides usages survey in Croatia Name of Expert(s): Andrea Fais, Annalisa Pallotti People met: On May 14 th, 2007: Brajevic Irena: Ministry of Agriculture; Lada Bi ak: Croatian Extension Institute; Darka Hamel: Plant Protection Institute; Gordana Kola ko: Croatian Environment Agency; Vesna Koleti : Central Bureau of Statistics; Mira Imanovic: Central Bureau of Statistics; Dario Premar: Central Bureau of Statistics; Mirdana Eanic: Central Bureau of Statistics. Time: May 2007 Venue: On May 15 th, 2007: Mirdana Eanic: Central Bureau of Statistics; Vesna Koleti : Central Bureau of Statistics; Zlako Grzely: Central Bureau of Statistics; Mario Valertic: Central Bureau of Statistics. Central Bureau of Statistic, Zagreb 1

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS MISSION REPORT Description of mission objectives Activities planned (work program and events planned) Activities implemented Results achieved Problems or critical issues Plan and recommendations for coming actions LIST OF ANNEXES Overview on meetings and discussions (venue, time, participants and subject) Nomenclature of PPP Questionnaire Pt Questionnaire Pt Timetable (as reported by CROSTAT)

3 ABBREVIATIONS EA MA FSS IPP PPP CBS Environmental Agency of the Republic of Croatia Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water management Farm Structure Survey Institute for Plant Protection in Agriculture and Forestry of Republic of Croatia Plant Protection Products Central Bureau of Statistic CAEI Croatian Agricultural Extension Institute 3

4 1 MISSION REPORT 1.1 Description of mission objectives Definition of the administrative/institutional framework Survey structure and organization design Questionnaire implementation and definition / Extraction of the sample 1.2 Activities planned (work program and events planned) a) Description of the Croatian Agricultural Statistical system b) Meeting with the Executive manager of the Institute for Plant Protection in Agriculture and Forestry of Republic of Croatia (IPP) c) Meeting with the Ministry of Agriculture of Republic of Croatia, Croatian Extension Institute, Environmental Agency of Republic of Croatia d) Description of the roles of the Institutions and Organisations involved in the Pilot project e) Description of the administrative/institutional framework in charge of the PPP usage pilot survey f) Meeting with the staff of Central Bureau of Statistics (CROASTAT) g) Description of Agriculture Census of Croatia 2003 h) Definition and implementation of the questionnaire i) Description and definition of the sampling design and stratification strategy 1.3 Activities implemented a) Description of the Croatian Agricultural Statistical system The Central Bureau of Statistics is the central statistical institution in charge of mostly of the statistical activities in the Republic of Croatia. All statistical activities are regulated by the Law on Official statistics and other specifics legal acts, with contents and deadlines defined by the Programme of Statistical Activities of the Republic of Croatia and annual implementation plans. The surveys and the areas covered by the agricultural statistics are: 1. Land use 1.1 Land sown with crops, fruit trees and grapevines as on 1 June 1.2 Autumn sowing as on 15 December 2. Agricultural structures 2.1 Farm structure survey 2.2 Agricultural Census

5 3. Agricultural accounts and prices 3.1 Purchase of products of agriculture, forestry and fishing 3.2 Sale of agriculture, forestry and fishing products 4. Crop production 4.1 Expected yield of early crops and fruit 4.2 Actual yield of early crops and fruit 4.3 Expected yield of late crops, fruit and grapes 4.4 Actual yield of late corps, fruit and grapes 4.5 Citrus fruit and olives 5. Animal production 5.1 Number of livestock and poultry 5.2 Livestock production 5.3 Livestock and poultry in slaughterhouses 6. Forestry 6.1 Hunting, trapping and wildlife management 6.2 Changes in forested land areas 6.3 Services in forestry and felling 6.4 Data submitted by Forrest Administration of the public enterprises Croatian Woods, for both privately and state owned forests 7. Fishery 7.1 Seawater fishing 7.2 Freshwater fishing 7.3 Fishing Equipment b) Meeting with the Executive manager of Institute for Plant Protection in agriculture and forestry of Republic of Croatia The meeting with the Executive manager of the Institute for Plant Protection in Agriculture and Forestry of Republic of Croatia (IPP) was organised in order to show and to detail the institutional role of the Institute for Plant Protection in Agriculture and Forestry, and to point out the conditions related to the involvement of IPP technical staff in the Pilot project s field campaign. c) Meeting with the Ministry of Agriculture of Croatia Republic, Croatian Extension Institute, Environmental Agency of Croatia Republic The meeting with the Ministry of Agriculture (MA), the Croatian Extension Institute (CAEI) and the Environmental Agency (EA) was organized in order to show and detail the institutional role of each actor, and to point out the conditions related to the involvement of technical staffs in the Pilot project s field campaign. d) Description of roles of the Institutions and Organizations to be involved in Pilot project 5

6 CROATIAN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION INSTITUTE (CAEI) The CAEI is the Croatian agricultural extension services organization. The CAEI assists farmers in their decision-making, providing high quality information and stimulating cooperation between farmers and companies, institutions and individuals of the agricultural sector. CAEI is also the government institution for mediation and for the implementation of rural development measures. INSTITUTE FOR PLANT PROTECTION IN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY CROSTAT is responsible for carrying out the 2007 pilot project on PPP usage, with the involvement of the staff from MA, IPP and CAEI, including the 21 MA county offices. e) Description of the administrative/institutional framework in charge of the PPP usage pilot survey CROSTAT staff has planned an administrative frameworks based on two components: 1. Central Bureau of statistics will be in charge of the surveys of the legal entities 2. MA will be in charge of the surveys of the private farms The Central Bureau will be in charge of postal questionnaires dissemination, and data collection and elaboration of both the postal questionnaires and the surveys on farm. It will be also in charge of active ingredients quantification on the basis of the conversion rate, according with the PPP list and with the support of the Plant Protection Institute. The MA will involve 21 advisors specialised in PPP to collect information on farm. f) Meeting with staff of Central Bureau of Statistics (FSS) A meeting with CROSTAT Farm Structured Survey (FSS) staff was organised in order to collect details on the Farm Registers currently available in Croatia. The FSS team leader reported that Farm register in not yet established, and at the moment they are defining the characteristics for the further Farm Register. The initial phase is foreseen in 2007 and 2008, and it will be based on the Agricultural Census 2003 data. It will be updated with the available administrative sources: Registry of Ministry of Agriculture forestry and water management, Vineyard Register, Croatian livestock centre and other sources; the register will be also updated with statistical surveys. g) Description of Croatian Agriculture Census 2003 The Agriculture Census of the Republic of Croatia was carried from the 1 st to the 15 th of June This was the first Agriculture Census in the Republic of Croatia since the independence. The purpose of the 2003 Agriculture Census was to collect data on the land reserve, the mode of using agricultural land, the area under orchards and vineyards (including the number of fruit trees and grapevines), irrigation, fertilisation, PPP usage, agricultural machines and facilities, livestock, the labour force in agriculture, other households agricultural activities, the sale of agricultural products, as well as organic farming and environmental protection measures. 6

7 The aim was to obtain the most precise data possible on Croatian agriculture and to establish the importance of this sector in Croatian economy. These data are generally used as indicators at national and local level to define the key problems of agriculture as well as for policies making and adopting. The census questionnaire and the survey methodology are fully consistent with the European Union requirements; the data are comparable with the EU member states and candidate countries data. The Census units are the agricultural households, and the agricultural production business entities. The Census includes: 1) Households with Agricultural Productions A household with agricultural production is any family or other community of persons who live together and spend their income together for meeting the basic life needs, or any person living alone (single-person household), having agricultural productions, or having an agricultural holding, with a unique managemen t, and that uses jointly the means of production (machines, facilities, and land) and the work of the members of the household, regardless of whether its production is for personal needs or for sale. An agricultural holding is an independent unit with a unique management, which uses the means of production (machines, facilities, land, etc.) and produces agricultural products and/or rears cattle, keeps poultry, bees, or other animals. Data on agricultural households are collected using the on farm interview method on census form. 2) Business Entities Business entities and parts of business entities having agricultural productions are legal and physical persons registered to perform agricultural activities or having agricultural production but registered in other activities. Data collected from business entities and parts of business entities having agricultural productions are collected thanks to the reporting (postal) method. h) Definition and implementation of the questionnaire The discussion on the questionnaire definition has been developed starting from a draft questionnaire prepared by CROSTAT. This draft is based on the PUS questionnaire used in the last Phare project. The draft version has been analysed point by point with CROSTAT staff, and, according to the experiences already develop in other countries, the possibility of adding or excluding some questions has been discussed. Two questionnaires, with minor differences, have been proposed: the first one for the legal farms (Business Entities) and the second questionnaire for the private farms (Households with agriculture production s). The forms will be identical for the 5 crops investigated, and it s divided in two main chapters (for further details see Annex 2.3 and 2.4): Chapter 1: with identification details of the holder, the localization of the farm (address, etc), the respondent (when different form the holder), the respondent role in the interviewed holding. 7

8 Chapter 2: with information about the crop surveyed; the PPP used on the surveyed crops, the code of each PPP (from CROSTAT registered) and the treated area per each PPP (in hectares and are), the corresponding number of treatments and the PPP usage quantities (in kilograms, or litres). CROSTAT staff has prepared the list of PPP. In particular, the list contains the name of the commercial product and the correspondent active substances, according to the information provided by Plant Protection Institute and the Ministry of Agriculture. In the meantime the Ministry of Agriculture is preparing the list of plant diseases and pests. The time for implementing the survey is in the Annex 2.5. They are also preparing the survey guidelines. Moreover the IPP has prepared the list of PPP authorized in Croatia. The MA every year tests the PPP trough the residues analysis and, with the agreement of IPP, authorizes the PPP. The list of the authorized PPP is updated every June. In the list the new authorized PPP are displayed. The selling of the non authorized PPPs is permitted till the 6th month after the exclusion from. That is why it s very important to have a reference period of the list. For this year IPP will provide a different classification of the PPP, according to the class of toxicity of the active substances. In the future (by 2008) all the authorizations will be made by IPP, and they will support the farmers to have a good PPP usage practise. Moreover Crostat in according with IPP is preparing the new list of PPP to introduce into the guidelines for the pilot survey. i) Description and definition of sampling design and stratification strategy CROSTAT has decided to divide the target population according to the guidelines of the Agriculture Census, which divides the farms in two different groups: legal farms and private farms. For each group CROSTAT has decided to adopt two different techniques to collect data: 1) the postal method for the legal farms; 2) the personal interview method for the private farms. The key elements for the crops choice criteria, the reference period, the target population and the reason to have chosen this sampling and stratification design have been defined and they are described hereafter. CROSTAT has decided to survey five crops and relative reference period, as following: 1. wheat (reference period: 1 st October st July 2007) 2. potato (reference period: : 1 st March st October 2007) 3. cabbage (reference period: 1 st March st September 2007) 4. tomato (in open field) (1 st January st December 2007) 5. apple tree (1 st February st October 2007) Tree of these crops (apple tree, tomato and cabbage) have been chosen because they are very important in Croatia in terms of both total production and cultivated area. Since every crops has a significantly different harvesting period, it is not very easy to choose and harmonised time to collect data and to refer the survey. Some solutions to this problem have been discussed, but CROSTAT has declared that they need more time to come to a final a conclusion. One solution could be having the 8

9 considered reference period from the 1 st of November 2006 to the 31 st of October 2007, but CROSTAT needs to clarify this issue with the Ministry of Agriculture. The stratification per areas of the target population and sample design strategy have been analysed in order to decide which districts must be selected for sample extraction, according to pilot project s targets. The territory of Croatia is subdivided into 21 districts English name Native name 1 Zagreb Zagreba ka 2 Krapina-Zagorje Krapinsko-zagorska 3 Sisak-Moslavina Sisa ko-moslava ka 4 Karlovac Karlova ka 5 Varaždin Varaždinska 6 Koprivnica-Križevci Koprivni ko-križeva ka 7 Bjelovar-Bilogora Bjelovarsko-bilogorska 8 Primorje-Gorski Kotar Primorsko-goranska 9 Lika-Senj Li ko-senjska 10 Virovitica-Podravina Viroviti ko-podravska 11 Požega-Slavonia Požeško-slavonska 12 Brod-Posavina Brodsko-posavska 13 Zadar Zadarska 14 Osijek-Baranja Osje ko-baranjska 15 Šibenik-Knin Šibensko-kninska 16 Vukovar-Srijem Vukovarsko-srijemska 17 Split-Dalmatia Splitsko-dalmatinska 18 Istria Istarska 19 Dubrovnik-Neretva Dubrova ko-neretvanska 20 Me imurje Me imurska 21 City of Zagreb Grad Zagreb According to the census results and other statistics, mostly of the selected crops are cultivated in one or more of these districts. CROSTAT will decide as soon as possible about the districts where the sample will be selected. CROSTAT has decided to include in the sample 260 units of agricultural house-holdings, according to the project requirements and the available financial resources. Some samples are extracted to replace the non-responding units. This approach will give the opportunity to replace missed farms. These are the ones that refuse to answer, or no more active, or the farms without the selected crop. In this way missed farms can be replaced by units sampled from the strata of origin. Regarding the sample design, during the meeting, CROSTAT has presented the main guidelines for the stratification. The FSS sampling team shall design and extract the sample. In general, we can summarize the sample design proposed by CROSTAT in the following steps: 9

10 1. Two different samples will be designed: one sample will regard the crops of potato and wheat; the other will regard the crops of tomato, cabbage and apple tree. Concerning the crops of wheat and potatoes, CROSTAT has proposed a criterion to divide the farm in two different groups. This criterion consists in finding a good practise farm and poor practise farm, according to the criterion of Agricultural Census, which divides the target population into groups: legal farms and private farms. The base of this criterion is the knowledge about the legal entities, which are obliged to have a bookkeeping record on the treatments they made during the crop season. This allows presuming the use of recommended PPP doses. To summarize we can say that a good practice defines the legal farm which keeps the record-book; vice versa the poor practice defines the private farms. For these crops the sample size is 200 farms: 75 legal farms producing wheat and 75 legal farms producing potatoes. Moreover it will be sampled 25 private farms producing wheat and 25 private farms producing potatoes. Regarding these principles CROSTAT has underlined having some doubts to find 75 legal farms which produce potatoes. They have suggested to select all the legal farms which produce the potatoes and add to these farms the biggest farms from the private household in term of area cultivated. 2. For the remaining crops, a sample of 20 farms per each crop, according to the crop area distribution in the farm, will be selected. The choice regards the districts, and the variables on which stratifying will be planned from the sampling staff. In synthesis the format of the sample design is represented by the following points: o Type of source: random sampling o Sampling frame: Agricultural Census updated to 2003 o Survey unit: agricultural house-holdings o Reference period: different for each crops o Territorial reference: district (NUTS 2) Regarding the approach for data collection, CROSTAT has pointed out that they will use a postal method for the legal farms and face-to-face interview for private farms, and that the responses will be collected on paper questionnaires. The postal method previews an informative letter (in which there will be some information about the purpose of the survey) and some guidelines to answer to the questionnaire. An important discussion point was the background of the interviewers: they will have a statistical background and the training of the interviewers will be carried out by specialised technicians from the Ministry of Agriculture and CAEI, if necessary. 1.4 Results achieved Definition and specification of the Institutions involved in the pilot project Definition of the administrative framework in charge of the field surveys Definition of the sampling frame Definition of survey techniques Definition and specification of the questionnaire Definition of the main aspect of the sample design 10

11 1.5 Problems or critical issues In the following section some project s critical points are underlined: a) The problem about the 75 legal farms which produce potatoes: we need to know which is the methodological threshold/choice for selecting the farms sample b) The choice of reference period and the survey period c) Budget restrictions: CROSTAT is not confident of having enough financial resources to carry out the surveys in the following years, after the end of the pilot project d) CROSTAT is evaluating the possibilities to not consider for the questionnaire implementation some questions included in the PUS questionnaire, since they believe that some questions are redundant and the same information could be obtained from other source (for example: crop stage ). 1.7 Plan and recommendations for coming actions Final implementation of the questionnaire Agenda training courses Definition of the reference period for the survey List of commercial products with reference period List of active substances Definition of the guidelines for the training course List of plant disease Definition of the solutions adopted for the data entry phase Deadline for the definition of coming actions according to project target and conditions (within June 2007) Definition and presentation of timetable by CROSTAT 11

12 2 LIST OF ANNEXES 2.1 Overview on meetings and discussions (venue, time, participants and subject) 2.2 Nomenclature of PPP 2.3 Questionnaire Pt Questionnaire Pt Timetable (as reported by CROSTAT) 12