Community Aid for Fisheries and Agriculture in Development (CAFAD) Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA) Locations: Yuai, Punchuol, Motot and Pieri Payams

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1 Community Aid for Fisheries and Agriculture in Development (CAFAD) Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA) Locations: Yuai, Punchuol, Motot and Pieri Payams 14 th _ 18 th February, 2016 SUMMARY Assessment was carried out with respective cluster tools with house to house questionnaires, focus group discussions and transect walk The community put their needs on scale of priority including food, health, water, livelihoods fishing gears and seeds and tools Most of the respondent were female though some the households had male respondents SITUATION OVERVIEW Vulnerability: Most of the population in the areas can be classified as vulnerable as observed during the assessment as they are either IDPs, host community households that are headed by Women or female, elderly, child headed households. Displaced population Numbers and location: The total population in Motot in about 26,000 (SRRA) and about 13% Being IDPS from Duk, Bor and Malakal. In Pieri it s estimated at 18,717 (SRRA) and about 2,014 IDP mainly from Malakal and Pajut and a few from Bor. Origins of IDPs: Most of the IDPs encountered by the assessment team or reported by the local authority are from Duk Pajut in Duk County, Bor town and Malakal and a few from Unity state. Main Impact of the conflict: The IDPs interviewed reported wounds as they tried to escape, their properties looted, and children separated with their parents/ care givers(the assessment team managed to register 12 cases), women raped many were killed during the conflict. Conclusion and priority needs: The assessment team thus concluded that the IDPs and the vulnerable persons living among the host community are in urgent need of agriculture tools, seeds and agricultural extension services, fishing kits, veterinary services, drugs and vaccines against common disease conditions in the area (See letter from the commissioner) There is also humanitarian need of child protection services as there is no partner currently carrying out the activity.

2 The school in Pieri requires support for the volunteer teachers, books and bags to the school going children. Need for registration to verify the number of school going children (currently reported at 350 by the local authority but the number looked lower during the assessment) Health services also required in the area as the health facility do not have the basic medicines. The medical staff currently conducting polio immunization supported by WHO. SITE OVERVIEW A rough sketch of Uror County showing the Payams where the assessment took place Site Map

3 Drivers and underlying factors The crisis that rocked the republic of South Sudan on December 2014 and continued to affect the populations everywhere up to date can be clearly attributed to the current situation as many families were displaced, their properties looted and they lost their source of livelihood. Frequent cattle rustling can also be attributed to current fear/insecurity especially in Pieri Payam. Delayed rains and reduced rainfall with subsequent lack of harvest during last season are the main drivers for the current lack of seedlings for planting this period as seen in the picture session below. With no other means to sustain families, the household heads turn to felling down trees and selling firewood and burning charcoal as seen in the pictures. Humanitarian access Physical access

4 There is a reliable seasonal road network that can be used to ferry humanitarian inputs in the locations connecting the area to Bor which is the state capital. The problem is that the road networks becomes impassable during the rainy season (May November). Yuai, Motot and Pieri have airstrips that can be used to deliver emergency inputs via air. No telephone networks in the areas; Only Thuraya, radio communications, and Skype. Yuai have internet connection from CARE int., Tearfund, Youth Centre and CRS and Motot have internet connection for Tearfund. Humanitarian access The IDPs and the host community feel safe in the current location except in Pieri where there are frequent cattle rustling that disturb the pastoralist community. They also have to walk long distances in search of health services; about 3 hours to Yuai or 1 ½ hours to Motot. Key findings FOOD SECURITY AND LIVELIHOODS (FSL) a) Fishing Fishing mainly being carried out in the Motot pool as other areas are dry. The families resolve to using clothes to catch fish as there is no fishing gear. Families resolve to collecting edible wild leaves (Lalop) as seen in the pictures b) Farming Many families have started land preparations for the oncoming rains (Expected by May) but there are no crops or vegetable seeds. The community usually plants sorghum and maize during the rainy season. Last year actually there was no harvest at all and the families relies on the WFP rations but some families claims to have missed the registration especially in Motot.

5 They also lack basic farming tools for land preparation. c) Livestock Most livestock had been moved to far areas (especially Motot and Juet pool) during the assessment period due to pasture scarcity in the areas. Most of the data collected is from the trained CBAHW. The team reviewed the capacity for the available personnel. They are competent and are familiar with basic animal health care as they had been trained by VSF Germany and recently by Care International. Each location had 4 trained CBAHW. The animal owners complained lack of animal health care and the lack of veterinary drugs. Since the completion of Care International treatment and vaccination campaign last year, the authorities reported that there has been little support to the cattle keepers in regard to animal health. Cattle rustling remained a major obstacle/fear to the cattle keepers especially in Pieri where a recent attempt happened earlier this month during WFP food distribution. The major disease problem is Tun Tun(Local name for CCPP),CBPP, Mange(especially in goats) and HS The Uror commissioner reported non-coverage/ gaps in Wichal and Padiek Payams and there were some disquiet in other Payams(Letters from Motot Payam Commisioner) though they were covered last year by CARE International s Livestock program. Most of the livestock were not vaccinated. Currently there is no treatment exercise going on. There is no single veterinary drug store available in all the payams for the residents to buy veterinary drugs even if they had capabilities. d) Markets Markets are functional but with limited stocks. Some shops have closed up as seen in the pictures due to scarcity of items. The stocks are usually obtained from Akobo which is a 72 hours walk from Motot. During the rainy season they use head potters and at that time the commodities are very expensive. Basic commodities are expensive for most families. A sack of sorghum is retailing at SSP which is out of reach to most of households.

6 The prices of commodities are also affected by the taxes the traders pay to the local authority which is at 250 SSP per month and rent roughly at 200 SSP. Due to the above situation most families turn to negative copying strategies of cutting trees and selling firewood (at a very low price; 4 SSP a bundle) as seen in the pictures in order to sustain themselves. The table below shows the cost of basic commodities in the areas Commodity Price (SSP) Sack of Sorghum Cooking Oil/Kg 150 Sugar/Kg 80 Salt/Kg 25 Rice 1 Kg 80 Tea Leaves 250g 10 Bar of soap 35 Milk Powder 400g 300 Juice Powder Sachets 4 Onions per bulb 15 Meat 1 Kg Saddles a pair 75 Dress 250 CHILD PROTECTION Violence: Though no specific incident was mentioned by the children caretaker but several cases of orphans recorded that are hosted by close relatives Lack of basic services: Lack of basic services and items such as soap, enough food and support to the ophans and abandoned children Separated children: 12 cases of separated children reported in Motot 5 Cases of unaccompanied/separated children in Padiet Children in uniform/associated with the fighting force: No children in uniform were seen and children are associated with the fighting force.

7 Limited livelihoods: Limited livelihood activities could be observed during the assessment. May be a ground for negative coping strategies EDUCATION There is one concrete block in Pieri and two blocks in Motot in good condition. Save the children running the school in Yuai (Nyaajar Primary school) but the teachers in Motot teach on volunteer basis. School attendance is 26 % of the eligible children. Nyaajar Primary school has 25 teachers and 250 pupils but registration ongoing. There are no desks but LWF is doing some renovations. There are 7 Blackboards but no enough stationery. The situation in Pieri is similar to Motot but school attendance is irregular. They re ready to restart schools activities, only that the school supplies such as books, pens and chalks are missing The assessment team decided that sharing the results of this quick assessment with the state education cluster members and the state education officials will be paramount and following up the quick assessment with a more in-depth joint assessment involving the state education officials. WASH Motot & Yuai The water supply system is functional and most of the boreholes are being rehabilitated by Tearfund and some are being run using the solar panels. Latrines seen around Tearfund compound, the school, offices & the nutrition centre. Open defecation is common place

8 Pieri The water supply system is functional. Pah rehabilitated the water yard near the health centre though the overall boreholes are quite not enough for the population as the assessment team witnessed women fetching water up to 10;00 PM at night More boreholes needed in Pieri Payam HEALTH Pieri No drugs to treat Diarrhea, Malaria, Kala Azar The health centre is non functional No services for Emergency Obstetric Care available NUTRITION Health facilities are with available staff belong to ICRC in Motot while Tearfund runs the nutrition centers in all the locations

9 ANNEX In Pictures; This woman (Left) pictured here from Motot showing the team the remains of cooked lalop leaves and on the right are some fish caught to supplement the dish. She narrated how she uses clothes to catch the fish seen on the right grid.

10 (Left) An elderly woman from Pieri Payam preparing garden for this years planting season. The sorgum husks from last year plants are seen but lack of harvest is evident here. On the right picture part of the team inteviewing an IDP from Nuba in Pieri.

11 (Left)Traders selling their items in Pieri market and on right is a woman standing with a bundle of firewood ready for market where she sells at 4 SSP a bundle (Negative copying strategy; Deforestation)

12 Top left: A closed shop due to unavailabilty of supplies. Top Right: A section of women and children during

13 child protection focal groups discussions and below is an elderly woman and a section of women in the group in Motot Payam. The assessment was carried out by the following team Name Organization Role Angelo Madhir CAFAD Team Leader, Logistics and flights organisation cafadngosouthsudan@gnail.com Dr. Elijah Mwangi CALI Livestock elijahmwnagi90@gmail.com Bablyine Jerotich CAFAD FSL babyline87@gmail.com Gatluak Gatpan Dar WHO Health cafadngosouthsudan@gnail.com Thor Majok CAFAD Education cafadngosouthsudan@gnail.com Chuol Tut Deng CAFAD Child Protection cafadngosouthsudan@gnail.com