Nutrilime. The solution for soil conditioning is here. Penrice Soda Holdings Limited Quarry & Mineral ABN Committed To Success

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1 Penrice Soda Holdings Limited Quarry & Mineral ABN Nutrilime Quality System Quality Endorsed Company ISO9001:2000 LIC10509 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA The solution for soil conditioning is here

2 A leading supplier of Agricultural Products The most cost effective, quality Lime formulation available for Agricultural Land Improvement Has been scientifically validated to improve crop yield by up to 68% in acidic soils Widely utilised by the farming community throughout South Australia since 1990 with certified paddock results Improves poorly structured, calcium deficient soil Improves crop yields Enhances pasture productivity Treats grass tetany Helps to ensure the sustainability of Australian Agriculture

3 SOIL DEGRADATION Soil Acidification is a natural process, accelerated by some agricultural practices. In some regions, there has been a drop of one ph unit over the last 10 years. Already, some farming areas have lost the ability to grow certain agricultural species (eg. Canola) simply because the soil is too acidic. Many clover based annual pastures are becoming progressively more acidic over time. In some cropping areas, where subterranean clover pastures are an important part of cereal growing, soil ph decline trends are emerging. If soils are allowed to become extremely acidic, there is a risk of changing soil texture permanently. If this occurs in subsoils, treatment can be difficult if not impossible. Acid soil problems can cause poor establishment, growth and persistence of pastures and crops. These soils are characterized by nutrient imbalances that reduce plant growth. RATING Ph VALUE Mild 6 Acid Moderate 5 Strong 4 Extreme 3 A soil ph test is always needed to confirm an acidity problem SOIL ACIDIFICATION Soil acidification can be described as a sleeping giant. Symptoms of reduced growth in acid soils are often not easy to see and can be explained away by other factors such as a poor season or lack of fertilizer. It is only over a period of time that major problems become apparent. In most grazing systems, acidification processes work unnoticed until pasture productivity declines. The rate of acidification in pastures depends on the species grown. In cropping systems, reduced yields are more obvious. Soil acidification is linked to other degradation issues. The water capacity of agricultural systems is reduced as soils become more acidic. Aluminium levels in soil increases as the ph of the soil is reduced. Valuable perennial species such as Lucerne, recommended to reduce the impact of salinisation, are sensitive to high aluminium levels and cannot grow. Other economically important species such as Canola and most varieties of wheat are also sensitive to acidity. The more acidic the soil, the fewer the choices of crops and pastures that will grow and acid tolerant plants show a reduction in growth. Problems are likely to develop if you farm: In high rainfall areas (greater than 500mm/rainfall) with dry summers Annual pasture systems Lightly textured soil With legume rotations Have a History of nitrogenous fertilizer use With high product removal There are a number of symptoms, some visual being: Uneven pasture and crop growth Poor nodulation of legume Stunted root growth and a high incidence of root disease Invasion of pasture by acid tolerant weeds (eg. Rye grass, Erodium spp, geranium, Sorrel, Patterson s Curse, Capeweed Lucerne, medics being difficult to establish where they previously grew well Formation of organic mats on the soil surface as a direct result of less microbial activity PRODUCT YIELD LIME EQUIVALENT PER YEAR (kg) Lucerne Hay 3-7t/Ha Wheat 2.1t/Ha lambs Per Ha 6 6kg of wool Per Sheep 0.8 Grapes are tolerant to a wide range of soil ph and textures. However, they perform best where soil ph is between 5.5 and 7.0 Wine quality is strongly influenced by nutrition, cultivar, fruit quality and the absence of disease; and of course, the ability of the winemaker to create an unforgettable wine.

4 The Solution is The solution to soil acidification is the regular application of Nutrilime. If preventative or remedial strategies are put in place, acidification can be slowed down or soil ph adjusted so that a wide range of plant species can be successfully grown. is a blend of Calcium Carbonate and Calcium Hydroxide. Calcium is essential for the development and stability of plant cells. It is necessary to enable plants to cope with abiotic and biotic stresses such as deficiency in water, heat shock, excess water, chilling, low soil temperatures and lack of soil oxygen in compacted soils. It is also instrumental in alleviating soil acidity, salinity and aluminium toxicity. has a Neutralizing Value of 104%, much higher than other calcium carbonate products because of the solubility and reactivity of Calcium Hydroxide. The hydroxide component ensures fast response on application and the calcium carbonate ensures that the benefits continue for many years. BENEFITS Clean to handle with a large average particle size of 0.5mm Does not release dust on handling Mounds up easily Spreads evenly Less likely to move excessively during spreading thereby ensuring minimal waste application will INCREASE SOIL ph of acid soils, and: Improve legume nodulation Reduce available aluminium Increase Calcium, Phosphorus and Molybdenum availability Provide a more favourable environment for soil microbes Improve nutrient cycle by earthworms and soil bacteria Help reduce other forms of land degradation (eg. Salinity, erosion) Increase cropping/pasture options so more sensitive valuable species can be grown From a FINANCIAL point of view, application has shown enormous benefits with improvements in crop yield of up to 68%* within 1-2 years of application. Assuming a wheat Yield of 4 t/ha (15 bags/acre) and a price of $150/tonne, the financial benefits of using can be up to $306 per Hectare. * ( Acid Soils; Their occurrence & Management in South Australia. Primary Industries SA Bulletin 1/92. Agder 534)

5 NEW RESEARCH In more recent years and through increasing acknowledgement of work conducted by Professor Albrecht, commonly known as the Albrecht System of Soil Management, technologists have come to recognize the benefits of lime for increasing Calcium on Alkaline Soils whereby Calcium and Hydrogen concentrations are low owing to increased levels of Potassium and/or Sodium. In such situations, can and has been shown to increase Calcium levels and subsequently improve soil structure, removing unwanted Potassium and/or Sodium salts WITHOUT INCREASING ph. is increasingly filling the demand in this situation where traditionally other Calcium/ Magnesium products have been used. Not only can improve calcium content in alkaline soils with immediate results due to the reactivity of the Calcium Hydroxide component, but the presence of less soluble Calcium Carbonate means that the beneficial effects of liming last many years beyond the activity of most other soil conditioning products. Always talk to a Qualified Consultant or Soil Scientist before using Lime on any soil, especially those which are Alkaline but talk to them TODAY. TYPICAL ANALYSIS % Calcium Ca As Calcium Oxide CaO As Calcium Carbonate CaCO Magnesium Mg 0.38 As Magnesium Oxide MgO 0.63 As Magnesium Carbonate MgCO As CaCO3 equivalent CO Sulfur SO 4 -S 0.00 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION SIEVE SIZE % > 850 micron < 850 micron TNV - TOTAL NEUTRALIZING VALUE (in terms of CaCO3) ENV - EFFECTIVE NEUTRALIZING VALUE (For Calcined or partially Calcined Lime) 104% 100% Kgs Effective Ca per tonne Kgs Effective Mg per tonne 3.76 Kgs Effective S per tonne 0

6 OTHER PRODUCTS AVAILABLE PRODUCT APPLICATION PRODUCT APPLICATION AGRICULTURAL LIME - Nutrilime Soil Remediation - Hilime FILLS, OVERBURDEN AND SHOT ROCK - Engineering fill Type A Engineering Fill Under Slabs - General Fill Type B Back Fill Type C General Fill - Other SubGrade Overburden (-75mm) Erosion Control Shot Rock (-300mm) Armour STOCK FEEDS COARSE AGGREGATES - Stock Lime Animal Health Calcium Supplement - Poultry Grit Stock Feed Additive 5mm, 7mm, 10mm 14mm, 20mm, 40mm plus available as graded product or single sized Low Shrinkage Aggregate Concrete Manufacture Drainage Landscaping & Erosion Control, Ballast Armour & Gabion Baskets ENVIRONMENTAL MOUNDS - Calgrit 50 Embankment and - Calsilt environmental mound construction (sound, dust & aesthetic) FINE AGGREGATE PAVEMENT MATERIALS - Concrete Sands Fill Trenching -Bedding Sands -Quarry Sands Bedding General Fill - Base Class 1 Road Base Class 2 - Sub Base Class 3 Sub Base Class 4 Unsealed road sheeting - Cement Treated Road Base Road base, sub base Penrice Soda Products Representative: Penrice Soda Holdings Limited Quarry & Mineral YOUR NEAREST STOCKIST: Quality System Quality Endorsed Company ISO9001:2000 LIC10509 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA