Public-Private Collaboration a Finnish solution. Marja Jalli MTT Agrifood Research Finland Plant Protection

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1 Public-Private Collaboration a Finnish solution Marja Jalli MTT Agrifood Research Finland Plant Protection marja.jalli@mtt.fi

2 PUBLIC: MTT Agrifood Research Finland Leading research institute in the field of agricultural and food research and agricultural environment research in Finland Operating under the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry MTT employs around 850 people at 14 locations across Finland. Head office is situated at Jokioinen In 2008 our expenditure totalled approximately EUR 49 million, of which around one third was budget financing.

3 PRIVATE: Boreal Plant Breeding Ltd. Breeding varieties of field crops that are well adapted to the extremes and variable growing conditions of northern areas Breeding programmes focused on field crops that are most relevant to northern Scandinavian agriculture and other similar geographical areas: barley, oats, grasses, oil crops and spring wheat Current shareholders of Boreal are the Finnish government, the Finnish farmers' union and a core group of Finnish agribusiness companies The market share of Boreal varieties in Finland is currently 66 %

4 Success in Collaboration 1) Common aim 2) Both partners benefit: 1+1 > 2 3) Resources 4) Well-defined working plan 5) Well-defined distribution of work 6) Results

5 Common aim: IN FINLAND Cereal cultivated on 54% of agricultural area (1.1 million hectares) Barley on half of that area For feed, starch, malt Net blotch, scald, mildew, spot blotch, Fusarium Importance of resistance & biodiversity increased because of economical and environmental reasons

6 Common aim: 100 Max level of disease infection in barley in official variety trials in Finland NET verkkolaikku rengaslaikku SCALD BLOTCH härmä MILDEW MTT Official variety trials

7 Common aim: Fungicide sales in Finland / tn a.i Evira Genetic analysis of Qol-resistance in Finland 2009: 5 % of the collected P. teres samples carry F129L resistance

8 Common aim: In EU a directive proposal on Thematic Strategy on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides The specific objectives of the Strategy are: (i) to minimise the hazards and risks to health and environment from the use of pesticides; (ii) to improve controls on the use and distribution of pesticides; (iii) to reduce the levels of harmful active substances including through substituting the most dangerous with safer (including non-chemical) alternatives; (iv) to encourage the use of low-input or pesticide-free farming, in particular by raising users' awareness, by promoting codes of good practices and consideration of the possible application of financial instruments

9 WORKING WITH NET BLOTCH IN FINLAND WORKING WITH CEREAL DISEASE RESISTANCE IN FINLAND Disease assessments in Finnish official variety trials since 1990 Developing methods for disease testing 0n wheat and barley Barley leaf pathogens as a part of disease resistance breeding DNA-markers in barley disease resistance breeding Durable disease resistance to barley and oat Healthy good quality barley: from genes to practice Genetic resources into use a tool box for plant breeding Working with the pathogen Isolation, inoculation assessment methods for barley net blotch Knowledge on the net blotch resistance of Finnish cultivars P. teres virulence screening started Mapping of net blotch resistance genes Developing markers for P. teres resistance genes Both mating types exist in Finland Population diversity studies with AFLPs Barley disease surveys Effect of cultivation system on virulence Mapping of R genes Pyramiding R genes Energy cost of resistance Near-isogenic lines Economical & environmental aspects Barley disease resistance breeding programme in Boreal Ltd

10 Genetic resources into use a tool box for plant breeding Barley scald Barley net blotch Powdery mildew Wheat leaf spot diseases Fusarium sp.

11 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: GENETIC RESOURCES GENE BANK CHARACTERIZATION OF HE PATHOGEN SCREENING FOR RESISTANCE SOURCES CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RESISTANCE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT OF GENETIC MARKERS BACKCROSSING PROGRAMME PYRAMIDING RESISTANCE GENES PLANT BREEDING VARIETY CLEAN RAW MATERIAL FOR FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENTAL & ECONOMICAL WELFARE FARMER INDUSTRY SOCIETY

12 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: Characterization of the pathogen - MTT

13 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: STUDYING THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE PATHOGEN Studying the epidemiology of Fusarium langsethiae As a result reliable tools for resistance testing

14 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work VIRULENCE OF P. TERES F. TERES IN

15 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: Screening for resistance sources - MTT

16 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: DTR-infection in infection field in % 14 NordGen landraces & MacKey isogenic lines 12 Trappe Demonstrant

17 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: Development of genetic markers Boreal & MTT resistant DNA bulk DNA-band cut R S susceptible DNA bulk fingerprinting DNA cloning sequencing GAATTCT jne Developing PCR primer from the sequence

18 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work: Backcrossing programme Boreal & MTT

19 Well-defined working plan & distribution of work Pyramiding resistance genes Boreal & MTT

20 Results: NEW VARIETY 50 Net blotch infection % Olavi Einar Elmeri Edvin Kunnari Voitto Rolfi MTT Official variety trials

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