New Vision for Taiwan s Agriculture. Dr. Su-San Chang Department of International Affairs Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, ROC Aug 16, 2012

Transcription

1 New Vision for Taiwan s Agriculture Dr. Su-San Chang Department of International Affairs Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, ROC Aug 16,

2 Outlines I. Introduction II. Challenges of Taiwan s Agriculture III. Achievement of Taiwan s Important Agricultural Policies ( ) IV. New Vision and Strategies for Taiwan s Agriculture V. Conclusion 2

3 I. Introduction 3

4 Multi-functionality of Agriculture Agriculture plays an indispensable role in every country s economic development and social stability. It serves various functions besides economic one: food security rural development environmental protection landscape maintenance culture preservation 4

5 Natural Endowment for Taiwan s Agriculture 145 km wide, 368 km long 35,961 square km Central mountain range Large mountainous area (64%) Plains mainly on western coast Average temperature 21 ~ 23 5

6 Taiwan s Agricultural production (year 2011) Agricultural productions amounted to US$ 15.7 billion (year 2011) - Agriculture contribution to GDP was 1.75%, but its share will be around 12% if includes processing and services - Agricultural employment dropped to 5.24% - Agriculture trade deficits amounted to US$10.1 billion 6

7 Taiwan s Agricultural Production (year 2011) Total:US$ 15.7 billion 7

8 Billion USD Trends of Taiwan's Agricultural Imports & Exports Trends of Taiwan's Agricultural Imports & Exports in the last 10 years Import Export FMD occurred Joined the WTO 8

9 II. Challenges of Taiwan s Agriculture 9

10 Challenges of Taiwan s Agriculture Internal challenges Aging farmers (31.1% >65yrs) Small-scale and part-time farming (Avg. farm size: 1.1 ha; part-time farmers: 78%) Competition for utilization of limited resources (land and water ) Low food self-sufficiency (only 32% on calorie basis) 10

11 Challenges of Taiwan s Agriculture External challenges Global climate change and food insecurity (global warming extreme weather unstable production food insecurity) Trade liberalization and cross-strait relations (Pressures of Liberalizations: WTO, FTA..) Increasing Concerns on Food Safety (healthy, fresh, safe and convenient) Increasing cost of agricultural inputs (cost up while profit down) Cross-border spread of animal diseases and plant pests (strengthen surveillance and control measure) 11

12 III. Achievement of Taiwan s Important Agricultural Policies ( ) 1. Quality Agriculture program 2. Small Landlords, Large Tenants 3. Rural Regeneration 12

13 Core Principles of Taiwan Agriculture Healthfulness, Efficiency and Sustainability Developing healthful agriculture and protecting consumers rights and interests. Developing efficient agriculture and improving international competitiveness Developing sustainable agriculture and maintaining the ecological harmony 13

14 1. Quality Agriculture Program Healthful Agriculture Excellent Agriculture LOHAS Agriculture Three Themes Promoting the brands of certified products Build a non-toxic island Escalating agrotechnology research Build an excellent agrotechnology island Reshaping the image of village styles Build a LOHAS agriculture island Visions Achieve quality living Reactivate farm village Explore new Market Develop new products and upgrade service quality Up-Spiral Goals 14

15 New agricultural technology New agricultural management New markets Molecular markerassisted selection High-performance and high biosafety bioreactors Direct-fed microbials and probiotics Development of bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers Development of vaccines and disease screening technology Enlarging farming scale through the small landlords and large tenants program Using creative culture and tourism to develop agro-tourism Promoting agricultural upgrading with the aid of branding Integrating all R&D resources Establishing a system whereby orders are placed in Taiwan and products delivered in mainland China Promoting distance marketing and service by using information technology strategies of implementation Healthful products for senior citizens Products for weddings and highincome people Products for festivals and as gifts Products for highincome districts in mainland China and foreign targeted markets. Rural Regeneration Quality Agriculture Coastal Revival Support Measures 60,000 ha. Afforestation Program 15 Information Technology and Favorable Environment Diversified Ecology and Culture High Quality of R&D Human Resources

16 Theme I Healthful Agriculture In 2011 Taiwan had about 820,000 ha. arable land, of which 36,179 ha. or 4.4% of the total produced GAP, TAP, organic, and traceability products. By 2012 such products will increase to 50,000 ha., or 6% of the total farm land. 16

17 Theme II Excellent Agriculture Taiwan s agricultural technology has achieved remarkable advances over the years. Biotechnology, orchids, groupers, ornamental fish, seeds and seedlings, and breeding animals posted a combined production value of NT$ 21 billion in The value will reach NT$ 30.2 billon in The production value of orchids and groupers will double by 2013 respectively. Taiwan orchids are highly competitive in the world market because of their seemingly endless new varieties. 17

18 Taiwan International Orchid Show In 2011 the production area of orchids was around 726 ha in Taiwan. The output value reached around NT$ 4.5 billion. Over 80% of the products exported, its export vale totaled US $ 140 million. 18

19 The grouper breeding ranked Number One in the world (2009) Queensland grouper 19

20 Agricultural biotechnology The production value of agricultural biotechnology in the world reached USD 44.8 billion in 2009; expected to rise to USD 68.6 billion in Taiwan s agricultural biotechnology production value amounted to NT$ 4.6 billion (6.25% of the total new technologies value) In Ping-tung Agricultural Biotechnology Park: companies approved for operation companies set up shops ( Total investment vale: NT$ 5.4 billion in 2011) Taiwan s florescent ornamental fish were selected by Time magazine as one of the 40 best inventions in

21 Theme III LOHAS Agriculture Develop in-depth agrotourism - Forest recreation - Sport fishing and whale viewing - Recreation in rural areas Goals for 2012: More than 30 million visitors Market value will be doubled to about NT$ 19.9 billion Accumulated employment will reach 24,000 persons Exquisite agricultural products - Finest tea - Farm-brewed wine - High-quality rice - Fine bamboo products - Choice fishery products - Safe and quality livestock products Goals for 2012: Production value: NT$ 12.3 billion Increased employment: 4,500 persons 21

22 LOHAS Agriculture: Sea of Flower in the Eastern Taiwan 22

23 By combining drinking tea with elements such as art, utensils, literature and experience in tea making, we would like to promote drinking tea as experiences of Taiwan s culture and consequently promote the Taiwan's finest tea and the industry 23

24 Liquors won the world prizes 24

25 Develop the gifts for wedding, baby birth or enterprise s image 25

26 2. Small Landlords, Large Tenants A Win-Win-Win Policy Small Landlord Large Tenant 26 26

27 Background: Small farming scale, with each farm household holding an average of 1.1 hectares Aging agricultural workforce, with full-time farmers at the average age of 63 years Low food self-sufficiency (32%), large acreage of setaside farmland (200,000 hectares) 27 27

28 Content: Encourage unwilling and aged farmers to lease their farmland and assist younger farmers to rent farmland to enlarge their farms Offer assistances and soft loans to large tenants to enlarge their farm scales and raise the agricultural competitiveness 28

29 Achievements: (By the end of October 2011) 1. The cases of small landlords as a leaser amount to 16, The cases of consultation services extended to big tenants amount to 1,121, with the total farmland leased reaching 9,365 hectares and an average increase of 8.4 hectares per farm household. 3. The average age of large tenants is 42, while the average age of farmers is

30 3. Rural Regeneration 30

31 Framework of Rural Regeneration Act Objectives Clients Rejuvenating rural communities and creating a rural life with Beauty, quality and prosperity 4,000 rural communities 600,000 agricultural households Dimensions Institution and mechanism Strategies Authorize to agriculture sector Policy Guidance of Rural Rejuvenation Planning and regeneration Communitybased Facilitate bottomup approach Integrated Rural Rejuvenation Plan NT$ 150 billions Community public funding Covenant Rural lands reactivation Rural Regeneration Zones Integrated Consolidation of Agricultural Lands Encouraging reuse of fragmented ownership lands Activation of fallow Rural culture and features Preservation of historical spaces and cultures Promotion of rural features and experiences Enhancing 31 community capabilities

32 Framework of Rural Regeneration Act The Rural Regeneration Act was promulgated on August 4, The Government plans to set up a Rural Development Agency to continue promoting and implementing Rural Regeneration Plan. Focusing on community unit, strengthen the bottom-up approach of rural development. Encourage community to establish covenants for self-governance. Improving the institution of land use management in rural communities for development and activation. 32

33 Framework of Rural Regeneration Act (cont.) Institutional innovation on integrated consolidation of agricultural lands, to integrate with the community lands and neighboring agricultural lands. Integrate multi-faceted actions towards regeneration. Not only improve infrastructure in rural area but also pay attention to rural culture and features. The rural villages need to have their own characteristics. 33

34 Lo-shan Organic Village 34 34

35 Improving Farming Conditions Lintsunai rural community of Paihou- Spiritual hometown Solving the unsolvable land issue Flooding in every rainy season Tireless efforts on consultation and communication Survive the Typhoon Morakot Improving drainage Removal of Building 35

36 IV. New Vision and Strategies for Taiwan s Agriculture The LOHAS Agriculture in the Golden Decade Turning Taiwan s agriculture into a vigorous, highly competitive, high-income and LOHAS (lifestyle of health and sustainability) industry. Rejuvenating 4,000 rural villages in the next 10 years, which will have a flourishing economy and a better quality of life. Underlining the multi-functional value of agriculture by re-using 50,000 hectares of fallow land and undertaking water-saving measures for sustainable development of agriculture 36

37 New Strategies of Taiwan s Agriculture 1 Increasing competitiveness of agricultural sectors in the global stage 2 Adjusting the structure of agriculture and manpower, and improving human resources 3 Enhancing food security and food safety 4 Conservation and appropriate use of natural resources for sustainable development 5 Responding to the impacts from global trade liberalization 37

38 1. Increasing competitiveness of agricultural sectors in the global stage Integrating the production and marketing chain, mitigating price volatility and insuring food safety by new cloud computing technology Developing cutting-edge and innovative agricultural technologies Promoting agricultural exports Developing recreational farms and fisheries, forestry parks, forest eco-tourism 38

39 2. Adjusting the structure of agriculture and manpower, and improving human resources Providing living allowances; encouraging retirement of elderly farmers; empowering rural women; attracting new and young manpower and training at Farmers Academy Expanding the Small landlords, Large Tenants program Rural regeneration (4,000 rural villages in the next 10 yrs ) Designing farmer s income support measures, including direct payment, farm insurance, and natural disaster relief

40 3. Enhancing food security and food safety Raising agricultural production and productivity and decrease post-harvest losses Boosting investment in infrastructure and R&D and actively adopting innovative technologies in agriculture Ensuring a seamless food safety system Encouraging voluntary standards: GAP, CAS, TAP, Traceability, HACCP Appropriate use of agrochemicals & fertilizers

41 4. Conservation and appropriate use of natural resources for sustainable development Encouraging the use of fallow land and preventing further loss of farmland Strengthening irrigation infrastructure Developing water-saving agricultural industry (to save 20% of water usage ) Conservation of marine resources (establishment of fisheries resource conservation zones; and cultivation of fisheries resources) 41

42 5. Responding to the impacts for global trade liberalization Increasing agricultural competitiveness by enhancing production and productivity through innovation and structure reform Promoting Local production and local consumption Transforming Taiwan s agriculture toward a healthful, organic and recreational industry Encouraging standards in line with the International Quality and Safety Certification, traceability system, CAS, GMP, and HACCP 42

43 5. Responding to the impacts for global trade liberalization (cont.) Encouraging the establishment of specialized production zones ; integrating production and marketing management system Branding of Taiwan s quality and premium agricultural produces in global markets Constructing of stable marketing channels overseas 43

44 V. Conclusion To cope with the new international situation and meet the expectation from the public, Taiwan's Agriculture must change. Through combination of the merits of diversified rural culture, advanced technologies, farmland reactivation and recruitment of younger generation, the COA will work closely with other government agencies to create a good environment for the development of Taiwan s agriculture. We will adapt the latest ICT and Green-energy technologies to improve the efficiency of management, and to move Taiwan s agriculture toward a vigorous and highly competitive industry attractive to young talents. We will expedite the restructuring of human resources and industry so as to lead Taiwan s agriculture towards innovation and internationalization, and win back the pound of Taiwan s agriculture in the Golden Decade. 44

45 Thank You 45 Lohas Agriculture: Sea of Flower in the Eastern Taiwan in