Ricardo F. Orge. Climate Change Center Philippine Rice Research Institute. MARCO Symposium August 2015 Tsukuba, Japan

Transcription

1 Biochar-based Technologies for Enhanced Productivity, Efficiency, Resilience & Adaptive Capacity of Smallholder Rice-based Farming Communities in the Philippines Ricardo F. Orge Climate Change Center Philippine Rice Research Institute MARCO Symposium August 2015 Tsukuba, Japan

2 Contents of Presentation Background information CC in the Philippines Effect on rice production PhilRice R&D on CC Strategies in helping farmers cope up with CC Palayamanan (rice-based integrated system of farming) Uses of biochar in Palayamanan Biochar-based technologies Concluding Remarks

3 9 th in th in 2010 World Risk Index Report 2011 Source: UNU IEHS (Sept 26,2011) Rank Country Risk (%) 1 Vanuatu Tonga Philippines Solomon Islands Guatemala Timor-Leste Cambodia Brunei Darussalam Indonesia Vietnam Myanmar Thailand Malaysia Lao PDR Singapore 2.85 Global GHG contribution: 0.28%

4 No. 1 in terms of disaster Infanta-Real Quezon (2004) Ondoy, Metro Manila (2009) Sendong, CDO-Iligan City (2011) Pablo. Davao del Sur (2012) Yolanda Tacloban (2013) LPA-Agaton-LPA Butuan (2014) Source: Dr. E. Godilano/DA-SWCCO

5 Climate Change in the Philippines as noted by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA): 2 Increase in annual mean temperature by 0.61 o C during the last half century ( ). Increasing number of hot days & warm nights; decreasing number of cold days and cool nights; both max & min temperatures are generally getting warmer. Extreme weather/climate events have been seen to be more frequent.

6 Philippine Rice Production ( )

7 Rice production losses (Source: Department of Agriculture) Flashflood & Typhoons 69.2% Drought 19.3% Pests & Diseases 4.5% Other causes 7.0%

8 R&D Programs 1. Coping with Climate Change 2. High-value products from rice & its environment 3. Farming without fossil energy 4. Intensified rice-based agri-bio systems 5. FutureRice

9 Palayamanan: A diversified & integrated system of farming - rice is grown with other crops (food staples, vegetables, etc) and other food commodities (mushroom, poultry, livestock, fish, etc.) 20

10 Strategies in helping farmers cope up with climate change impacts 1. Enhancing farmers productivity & efficiency Integration of biomass carbonization with heat recovery system in Palayamanan 2. Enhancing farmers resilience and adaptive capacity Additional income opportunities through processing of farm products

11 Uses of biochar in the Palayamanan Bedding material for poultry & livestock Soil ameliorant Substrate to organic fertilizer Treating waste water Growing medium for potted plants, mushroom, etc.

12 Biochar is recognized globally as a simple but powerful tool to address some of the world s urgent environmental problems: Global Warming Soil degradation and food insecurity Water pollution by agro-chemicals Waste Management Deforestation and loss of cropland diversity Source: International Biochar Initiative.

13 Potential of a biomass carbonization with heat recovery system in increasing farmers income and productivity (Orge, 2010)

14 Continuous Rice Hull (CtRH) Carbonizer - for processing of rice hull into biochar Input capacity: kg RH/h Charcoal yield: 35-42% (w.b.) Mode of operation: continuous type Chimney emission: generally smokeless Allows recovery of heat for various applications Can work on other agricultural wastes

15 Integrating the biomass carbonization in the Palayamanan CTRH Carbonizer Processed products Rice hull & other agric l wastes heat Palayamanan biochar Raw farm products

16 Cooking Attachment - 30 liters water boil in 32 min - Can be used in distilling process

17 Carbonizer-attached Oven Temp: 250 deg C max Baking: breads, cakes, cookies Roasting: chicken, fish, green corn

18 Poultry Heating System - Replaces LPG as fuel in heating poultry houses Carbonizer Avoided GHG: tons CO 2 e/yr (per 35,000 heads)

19 Sterilizer (Mushroom production) 500 mushroom fruiting bags per batch

20 Water pump (proof of concept) Water discharge: 15.5 L/min (40L water/kg RH)

21 Concluding Remarks Integrating biomass carbonization (with heat recovery) in an integrated & diversified system of farming offers a lot of opportunities for farmers to increase their productivity, income and ultimately, their adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change. While producing biochar for various farming applications, the use of the generated heat also lessens farmers dependence on fossil-based products (fertilizer, fuel) thus contributing to CC mitigation

22 End of Presentation