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2 llssen cm NTY BE:F MANAG:E;rJENT STUDY ' ntroducton Cattle ranchng s one of the most mportant busness operatons n Lassen County, Proftable 'producton re- f;\ qures an adequate sze of busness, a Sl\ccesson of ~ economcal sources of feed, and effcen~ producton ~ methods, Large nvestments are requred for an econ- l omcal sze of unt and, over a perod or; years, the return on the nvestment s low j\ ~ Ths report covers only the beef enterprse, whch s just a part of the total ranch operaton, Beef producton s the major actvty of these ranches but ther operatons nclude hay and pasture producton and, n some cases, other enterprses l'uc'll of the l&bor and other expenses of the ranch r:o nto hay and past-re producton but these records nclude only the operaton of the beef herd, Farm produced feed used by the cattle s charged f' to the beef enterprse at the local value the same as f the feed had been purchased, How Bg a Busness? Farm ncome has averaged about ~20 per anmal unt durng the last ten years of ths study,' On ths bass, t would requre about an average of lso anmal unts per year to return a,ooo for famly lvng and other expenses, Ths would requre a breedng' herd of about 100 cows, The results of ths study over the years ndcate that 100 breedng cows s about t;e mnmum for a satsfactory famly lvng and effcent' methods of producton, 11 r lt f ~ 1-, Cattle Ranchng n Lassen County Cattle ranchng n Lassen County s the producton of beef by grazng cattle n the grazng dstrct (Publc Doman), Natonal Forests, and prvately owned and rented land, Ranfall s low and wnters severe and necesstate the feedng of about a ton of hay per anmal unt Hay for wnter feedng s produced locally n rrgated hay meadows and alfalfa felds Grazng on the publc lands s regulated by permts granted to local ranchers on a scale commensurate wth the feed-producng capacty of ther ranches The usual feed cycle s gra7ng dstrct or prvate grazng land n the sprng (Aprl and Nay), Natonal Forest n the summer (June to September), home ranches on hay aftermath October to December, and on hay durng January to March, Some ranchers use no Natonal Fcrest or grazng dstrct lands and some have rrgated meadow summer pastures for part or all of ther cattle, but the above cycle s typcal of most of the producers, The provson of adequate feed throughout the year by utlzaton n successon of most economcal sources at each season s the essental to proftable cattle ranchng n Lassen County, A D, Reed Extenson Economst Farm Hanagement T, S, Brown Farm Advsor Lassen eou:nty

3 / Table 1 Producton Factors ; l Seral Numbers Ave Number breedng cows Average anmal unts Anmal unts per cow ' Pounds produced per AU Pounds sold per A u Percent calf crop j Percent mortalty Average value per cwt produced\ ' Net cost per cwt 14J Management ncome per cwt 13~ s Hours labor per A u , J_ l The hgh "pounds produced per anmal um't 11 for record No 9 resulted from an ncrease n nventory weghts durng the year

4 Table 2 ncome and Expense per AnmalUnt, l Ave ncome per Anmal Unt Stock sales Hscellaneous --,, ,06 Change stock nventory ,27 Total ,18 Cash and deprecaton cost Feed 39, ' 4200 ~/Hred labor, "Stock purchased 6, , Hscellaneous ,73 9,96 5,67 4, Deprecaton lol ,01 Total , Farm ncome per A, u oo Famly labor 217 f ,61 3,31 nterest on nvestment Management ncome per AU , '- \

5 Table 3 Analyss of Sales L l Ave Sales per anmal unt Bulls )59 09 es Cows ~ ll Calves nso Hefers ,63 Steers Total ll Ave Prce per cwt Bulls , Cows 2soo Calves Hefers ' 3203 Steers Ave weght per anmal sold Bulls 1300 lb s-- Cows Calves ' Hefers Steers l Percent of cows sold L ' l j

6 Table 4 Analyss of Feed Costs and nv~stment, Ave Feed cost per anmal unt Hay Concentrate Pasture Salt and mnerals a Total Feed used per anmal unt Acres -0wned range Acres aftermath Tonshay l:t , Pounds concentrate nvestment per anmal unt Land n corrals 44 o Buldngs n Equpment ,:)4 260 l76 42 Feed S ~56 Cattle l ' Total C - ' l