Agriculture for Sustainable Development

Transcription

1 Agriculture for Sustainable Development Mark Cackler Agriculture & Environmental Services Department The World Bank Global Sustainability Conference Dublin September 26, 2013

2 75% of the world s poor are rural and most are in farm families. In the 21st century agriculture remains fundamental for poverty reduction, shared prosperity and environmental sustainability.

3 Feeding 9 billion by 2050.requires 50% more food

4 HIGH remain Global food prices

5 Nominal World Food Price Index (01/1990 = 100) And prices remain volatile: We need to stop thinking of shocks as shocks The New Normal Leading to food insecurity Leading to costly risk aversion

6 Short term food price volatility is increasingly a long term phenomenon with devastating effects 1 in 8 people will go to bed hungry tonight. Rising and volatile food prices risk losing recent gains in reducing malnutrition. Malnutrition threatens this -- and future -- generations. Already hunger and malnutrition cause the death of over 3.5 million children every year. Not a temporary phenomenon food prices are expected to stay high in the medium term (above 2004 levels through 2015) and volatile.

7 So. what should we do? 1. Accelerate smallholder productivity for agricultural growth and food security, especially by women 2. Follow a comprehensive approach to reduce ruralurban disparities and poverty, food insecurity and malnutrition 3. Use Climate Smart Agriculture to enhance sustainability and environmental services from agriculture 4. Pursue multiple pathways out of poverty: smallholder farming, labor markets, rural non-farm employment, migration 5. Improve the quality of governance in agriculture at local, national, and global levels 6. And don t stop when the headlines disappear: there were 830 million hungry people before the 2008 crisis

8 There are challenges. Land/Water Constraints Gender Inequality Subsidy and Trade Distortions Price and Weather Volatility Weak Governance On Track for a 4 Degree World

9 . and opportunities Growing Markets Technology Innovations Better Risk Management

10 Agriculture Investment is Key Promote longer-term agricultural growth; 75% of the poor are rural FAO estimates that private sector agricultural investment must rise 50%, to $200 billion per year.

11 Expenditure gains induced by 1% GDP growth (%) Growth from agriculture is especially effective for poverty reduction 8 6 Agriculture GDP growth from agriculture benefits the income of the poor 2-4 times more than GDP growth from nonagriculture (43 countries) Nonagriculture Low est Highest 11 Expenditure deciles

12 Ag growth gives more bang for the buck Agriculture growth is 2 to 4 times more effective in raising incomes of the very poor than growth in other sectors

13 The environment and climate change: Agriculture is a big part of the problem, and... 70% of fresh water resources 40% of land area 30% of GHG emissions Contributions to greenhouse gas emissions Industrialized countries 64% Developing country agriculture & deforestation 21% Developing country other sources 15%

14 agriculture is a big part of the solution We need a Triple Win of: 1. Improved productivity and food security 2. Enhanced resilience to drought, flood, erosion, heat & water stress 3. Low carbon growth

15 Climate Smart Agriculture Productivity, Incomes, Resilience Vulnerability, Emissions

16 World Bank Group s Role Raise agricultural productivity Reduce risk and vulnerability Link farmers to markets and strengthen value chains

17 Enhance environmental services and sustainability Rural non-farm income

18 WBG Agriculture Action Plan FY $8 b to $10 b annually Maintain long-term focus on five thematic areas. Raise agricultural productivity In recognition of the evolving context give more emphasis to Focus on Climate-Smart Agriculture and Landscapes Link farmers to markets and strengthen value chains Facilitate rural non-farm income Reduce risk, vulnerability, and gender inequality Enhance environmental services and sustainability Private sector responses Gender mainstreamed Longer-term risk management and improved resilience More explicit nutrition focus Landscape approaches 18

19 Agriculture: A World Bank Group Priority SAR: $4.8B Active Agricultural Commitment: Total = US$16.7 Billion AFR: $3.4B MNA: $0.7B EAP: $3B LCR: $2.3B ECA: $2.7B

20 Partnerships, including the private sector PROFISH AgriFin GEF International Land Coalition AgResults GDPRD CGIAR Global Partnership for Oceans PROFOR SecureNutrition

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22 Sustainable

23 75% of the world s poor are rural and most are in farm families. With more and better investment in sustainable agriculture, we can eliminate extreme poverty and hunger, and stop a 4 world.