Target values for rapeseed in German fertilizer recommendations

Transcription

1 Target values for rapeseed in German fertilizer recommendations Bernhard Osterburg Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Braunschweig Greenhouse Gas Emission from Oilseed Rape Cropping and Mitigation Options Thünen-Institute, Braunschweig Name des Wissenschaftlers

2 Structure 1. Assessment of typical GHG emissions of biofuel crops 2. Evaluation of reports of the Member States to the EU-KOM GHGE of OSR 3. German fertilisation recommendations 4. N surplus in German arable farms 5. Discussion Seite 2

3 Assessment of typical GHG emissions of biofuel crops Background: GHGE reduction of biofuels by 35% / 50% (2017) Production of raw material crucial element, especially N use Article 19(2) of RED (Directive 2009/28/EC) Report to the Commission due by 31 March 2010 with typical greenhouse gas emissions from cultivation of agricultural rwa materials lower than the Disaggregated default values for cultivation in part D of Annex V accompanied by a description of the method and data used to establish that list. That method shall take into account soil characteristics, climate and expected raw material yields. Seite 3

4 Typical GHG emissions of oilseed rape reported by EU Member States: g CO 2 -equ. / MJ RME JRC default value Germany Austria Belgium-F. Belgium-W. Denmark France Italy Spain UK Very low GHGE in some Member States, large range Seite OSR fertilisation recommendations

5 German fertilisation recommendations for OSR t/ha % of cropland share of OSR area recommendation N/ha for yield t/ha deviations N for following crop Schleswig-Holstein % 8% Niedersachsen 3.7 7% 9% / -40 Northhine-Westfalia 3.7 6% 5% / -30 Baden-Württemberg 3.9 8% 5% Bavaria 3.8 8% 11% / Meckelnburg-Vorp % 17% / Germany % 100% / t/ha N/ha JRC Default Recommended N input in Germany significantly higher compared to default value, also if yield-scaled Typical GHGE based on very low N inputs Seite OSR fertilisation recommendations

6 Kilogramm N je Hektar Development of the farm gate balance for the German farm sector Jahreswerte Dreijahresmittel Trend Target value of the national sustainability strategy 80 Seite 6

7 Distribution of net N balances at farm level 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% Share of farms with N balances of kg N/ha > < <80 40-<60 20-<40 <20 30% 20% 10% 0% Dairy and beef Pigs and poultry Crops All farms Seite 7 Source: Farm balances from 5 German Länder, own calculations

8 Variance of N mineral fertilizer input = high variance of N use efficiency (NUE) 70 Standard deviation in kg min. N/ha Conclusion: Much scope for improvement of NUE N input of organic N in kg N / ha (N minus losses) Farm groups specialised in: dairy pigs crops Seite 8 Source: Farm balances from 5 German Länder, ( ), own calculations

9 Distribution of N surplus subject to organic N input per hectare 300 Surplus in t N surplus / ha N surplus in t estimated N surplus per Hectare 0 < 20 < 40 < 60 < 80 < 100 < 120 < 140 < 160 < 180 < 200 < Quelle: Eigene Berechnungen auf Basis von Daten der Agrarstrukturerhebung 2007, Forschungsdatenzentren des Bundes und der Länder, sowie Ergebnissen der Analyse der Nährstoffvergleiche. Seite 9 N inout of organic fertilizers in kg per hectare

10 National N surplus (gross surface balance) according to EUROSTAT data ( welcome in the club!) N surplus kg N/ha Belgium Denmark Germany Netherlands UK Seite 10 EUROSTAT,

11 Discussion: default values of default farmers for default biofuels Abatement cost per unit of GHGE of 1st generation biofuels very high do we follow an efficient climate protection strategy? RED assessment of GHGE of biofuel crops not very reliable N input is a crucial element, but often poorly assessed: e.g. Germany: N removal instead of N input Use of default values prevents effects on real farming practice problem of accountability and verifiability of real values Playing ground for certification bodies, politicians, and researchers? Is the system improving, and does it offer sufficient opportunities to learn for a sustainable bioeconomy? Seite 11

12 Thanks for your attention Bernhard Osterburg Thünen-Institute in Braunschweig, Germany ]ti.bund.de Seite 12