Correlation and Path Co-Efficient Studies in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

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1 Available online at DOI: ISSN: Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 5 (6): (2017) Research Article Correlation and Path CoEfficient Studies in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Mahantagouda G. Rajolli 1*, H. B. Lingaiah 2, Ishwaree, R. Malashetti 3, Amruta S. Bhat 4 and Aravindkumar, J. S. 5 Department Vegetable Science, College Horticulture, UHS campus, GKVK Bengaluru, Karnataka *Corresponding Author goudahort@gmail.com Received: Revised: Accepted: ABSTRACT Evaluation F 2 population the cross IIHR2201 X C13121 was carried out at experimental block, Department Vegetable Science, College Horticulture, UHS Campus, GKVK, Bengaluru during Correlation study revealed that the parameters viz., plant height, number branches per plant, number s, average weight, length and width have strong association with yield. Therefore, to increase the yield in tomato selection for above mentioned traits can be carried out. path analysis revealed that the number s per plant followed by plant height, average weight, number branches per plant, pericarp, length, number locules per and ascorbic acid were showing direct positive effect on yield per plant while other parameters like width followed by firmness, total soluble solids, days to first and ph were showing direct negative effect. The characters showing high direct effect on yield per plant indicated that direct selection for these traits might be effective and there is a possibility improving yield per plant through selection based on these characters. Key words: Tomato, Correlation, Path coefficient analysis, Direct effect, yield INTRODUCTION Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important remunerable vegetable India and all over the world belongs to the family Solanaceae having diploid chromosome number 24. It is grown for its edible, which can be consumed, either raw or cooked or in the form various processed products like juice, ketchup, sauce, pickle, pastes, puree and powder. It is universally referred as protective food and esteemed as an important source minerals, organic acids and vitamins (A and C). Yield is the resultant combined effect several component characters and environment. A crop breeding programme, aimed at increasing the plant productivity requires consideration not only yield but also its components that have a direct or indirect bearing on yield. Cite this article: Rajolli, M.G., Lingaiah, H.B., Ishwaree, R.M., Bhat, A.S. and Aravindkumar, J.S., Correlation and Path CoEfficient Studies in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 5(6): (2017). doi: Copyright Nov.Dec., 2017; IJPAB 913

2 Hence, a knowledge regarding the association Before transplanting the plot was brought to various characters among themselves and fine tilth by ploughing and harrowing. The with economic characters is necessary for production aspects were followed as per the making indirect selection for improvement package practices UHS Bagalkot 2. economic traits. Character association is a The traits studied in the experiment measure the degree association between are provided in the table 1 and 2. The two characters. Though correlation analysis observations were recorded for each plant in F 2 indicates the association pattern component population and five randomly selected plants traits with yield, they simply represent the in F 1 hybrid, parents and commercial checks. overall influence a particular trait on yield Correlation and Path analysis were computed rather than providing the cause and effect with the help computer stware following relationship. The technique path coefficient the techniques described by AlJibourie et al. 1 analysis developed by Wright 19 and and Dewey & Lu 4 respectively. demonstrated by Dewey and Lu 4 facilitates the partitioning correlation coefficients into direct and indirect contribution various characters on yield. It is standardized partial regression coefficient analysis. As such, it measures the direct influence one variable upon other 14. The present investigation was carried out to gather these information in F 2 segregating population tomato which would be utilized for further improvement tomato yield through an appropriate and sound breeding plan. Estimation interrelationship yield with other traits would facilitate effective selection for simultaneous improvement for one or many yield contributing characters. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the character association and path analysis in segregating population tomato. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted at the experimental block, Department Vegetable Science, College Horticulture, UHS Campus, GKVK, Bengaluru. The experimental material consisted 305 plants F 2 (IIHR2201 X C 13121) population, twenty plants each F 1, parents and four commercial checks (Arka Rakshak, Arka Samrat, Arka Vikas and PTR 6) were planted in healthy plot to assess quality, yield and yield attributing traits. The experimental seed material was sown in protrays on 4 th December Twenty eight days old seedlings were then transplanted to the main field with spacing 75 cm x 60 cm. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION To know the nature and magnitude relationship existing between yield and its component characters as well as, the association among the component characters themselves, the correlation among the thirteen characters were estimated (Table 1). The results revealed that the plant height at first harvesting was positively and significantly (at p = 0.01) associated with yield per plant (0.9163) followed by number branches per plant (0.9068), number s per plant (0.8495), width (0.3105) and average weight (0.2395). It also had positive and significant (at p = 0.05) correlation with length (0.1131) whereas, number branches at first harvesting had significant (at p = 0.01) positive association with yield per plant (0.8730) followed by number s per plant (0.8134), width (0.3278), and average weight (0.2519). It also had positive significant (at p = 0.05) association with length (0.1275). Days to first had significant (at p = 0.01) and positive correlation with length (0.2079) followed by width (0.1880) and pericarp (0.1606) whereas, correlation length was found positive and significant (at p = 0.01) with width (0.7368) followed by average weight (0.4856), pericarp (0.4051) and firmness (0.1546). It also had positive and significant (at p = 0.05) correlation with number locules per (0.1395) and yield per plant (0.1182). Copyright Nov.Dec., 2017; IJPAB 914

3 width was positively and significantly (at (0.2684) and (at p = 0.05) average p = 0.01) associated with average weight weight (0.1460). s per (0.5192) followed by pericarp plant was positively and significantly (at p = (0.3752), yield per plant (0.3347) and 0.01) associated with yield per plant number s per plant (0.2393). It also had (0.9328) whereas, average weight had positive significant (at p = 0.05) association significant (at p = 0.01) and positive with firmness (0.1312). Correlation correlation with yield per plant (0.2800) firmness was found positive and and pericarp (0.2141). significant (at p = 0.01) with pericarp was found. Characters Plant height Days to first length width firmness s/plant branches /plant Table 1: Correlation matrix between yield and yield attributing traits in F 2 population IIHR2201 X C13121 Days to first length width firmness s /plant Average weight (g) locules / TSS ( 0 Brix) ph Ascorbic acid Yield/plant (kg) ** * ** ** ** ** * ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** * * * ** ** ** ** * ** ** Average weight (g) locules/ ** ** * * TSS ( 0 Brix) ph Ascorbic acid *Significant at 5% ** Significant at 1 % Traits Plant height Days to first length width firmness s/plant Average weight (g) Plant height Table 2: Path matrix component traits on yield tomato in F 2 population IIHR2201 X C13121 Days to first length width firmness s/ plant Average weight (g) locules/ TSS ( 0 Brix) ph Ascorbic acid ** ** * ** ** ** r locules/ TSS ( 0 Brix) ph Ascorbic acid *Significant at 5% ** Significant at 1 % Copyright Nov.Dec., 2017; IJPAB *

4 Diagonal indicates direct effect the emphasis for selection is need to be given positive and significant (at p = 0.05) with to characters such as plant height, number yield per plant (0.1194) But it was negatively branches per plant, average weight and and significantly (at p = 0.05) associated with number s per plant which are easily ascorbic acid (0.1372). These results are in observable characters at the field level during conformity with the findings Mayavel et al. selection for yield per plant is in (2005), Mohanty 11, Mohanty 12, Veershetty 18, accordance with the findings Dhankar et Raut et al. 15, Islam et al. 8, Reddy et al. 16 and al. 5, Mohanty 11, Veershetty 18, Ara et al. 3, Meena and Bahadur 10. The correlation results Ghosh et al. 7 and Monamodi et al 13. obtained in the present study indicated that parameters viz., plant height, number REFERENCES branches per plant, number s, average 1. Aljibourie, H. A., Miller, P. A. and weight, length and width are the Robinson, H. F., Genotypic and important components yield. Therefore, to environmental variance in an upland increase the yield in tomato selection for cotton cross interspecific origin, Agron. above mentioned parameters can be carried J. 50: (1958). out. 2. Anonymous, Package practices for The estimates direct and indirect horticultural crops (Kannada), Univ. Hort. effects different characters on the yield Sci. Bagalkot (Karnataka). pp per plant are presented character wise (Table (2015). 2). The results revealed that the path analysis 3. Ara, A., Narayan, R., Ahmed, N. and yield per plant with its component traits Khan, S. H., Genetic variability and presented diagonally depicted direct effects selection parameters for yield and quality the characters towards their correlation with attributes in tomato, Indian J. Hort. 66(1): yield per plant, while all other f diagonal 7378 (2009). estimates showed indirect effects the 4. Dewey, D. R. and Lu, K. H., A correlation characters towards their correlation with yield and path coefficient analysis per plant. The number s per plant components wheat grass seed (0.5981) followed by plant height (0.3153), production, Agron. J. 51: (1959). average weight (0.1113), number 5. Dhankar, S. K., Dhankhar, B. S. and branches per plant (0.0744), pericarp Sharma, N. K., Correlation and path (0.0438), length (0.0340), number analysis in tomato under normal and high locules per (0.0286) and ascorbic acid temperature conditions, Haryana J. Hort. (0.0128) were showing direct positive effect Sci. 30(12): 8992 (2001). on yield per plant while other parameters like 6. Dhankhar, S. K. and Dhankar, S. S., width (0.0270) followed by Variability, heritability, correlation and firmness (0.0263), total soluble solids ( path coefficient studies in tomato, ), days to first (0.0116) and Haryana J. Hort. Sci. 35 (1&2): ph (0.0018) were showing direct negative (2006). effect. The results are in accordance with the 7. Ghosh, K. P., Islam, A. K. M. A., Mia, M. reports Mohanty 11, Veershetty 18, Singh 17, K. and Hossain, M. M., Variability and Dhankhar and Dhankhar 6 and Raut et al 15. character association in F 2 segregating population different commercial CONCLUSION hybrids tomato (Solanum lycopersicum The characters showing high direct effect on L.), J. Appl. Sci. Envi. Manage. 14(2): 91 yield per plant indicated that direct selection 95 (2010). for these traits might be effective and there is a 8. Islam, B. M. R., Ivy, N. A., Rasul, M. G. possibility improving yield per plant and Zakaria, M., Character association and through selection based on these characters. So path analysis exotic tomato (Solanum Copyright Nov.Dec., 2017; IJPAB 916

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