TEK 11A and B Factors Affecting Location of Economic Activities

Transcription

1 TEK 11A and B Factors Affecting Location of Economic Activities All countries economies rely on certain jobs or sectors to help the development of a country. More Developed: Very good health, wealth, and education Newly Developed: Average health, wealth, and education Less Developed: Poor health, wealth, and education Jobs vary in every country; some jobs pay more and some jobs pay less. We can break these jobs down into 4 different sectors: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary. Read the following and highlight and take notes over key information. Primary is referring to farming or gathering resources. Farming is almost always a necessity for a country to succeed but not always where the money is made. First off, a country needs land that is fertile and can grow crops. This is called arable land. Arable land is priceless because it is a must to have agriculture. Usually if a country relies on farming for the majority of their income the country will be Less Developed. This is especially true if most people that farm only grow food for themselves and for their family. This is called subsistence farming. Subsistence farming offers very little profit to an economy. For example, the country of Haiti relies mainly on farming, in particular subsistence farming; this is mainly why Haiti is a less developed country. On the other hand, farming on large acres of land while using technology can be a somewhat good thing for the economy. This is known as commercial farming. Commercial farming allows people or companies to sell their abundance of crops for a large profit. In the Primary Sector farming or gathering resources on flat land is easier but there are still people who farm on mountainous or hilly landscapes. This is called Terrace Farming. You will find this in a few places around the world including Brazil and Western China. Usually, the people farming on mountains are farming for themselves and their family which is another example of subsistence farming. Lastly climate plays a major role on the Primary sector. Some places have more resources than others. For example, the Middle East has an abundance of oil. This allows them to create their own economy around the trading of oil throughout the world (OPEC). Climate can make or break farming in a certain area. For example, Siberia in Northern Russia has a lot of resources but they are almost impossible to get to because of the freezing temperatures year round. If a country is landlocked that means that they are surrounded by land and do not have access to large bodies of water such as seas and oceans. This hurts the primary sector because they are not able to use water (ships) as a trading tool. This can cost millions, if not billions of dollars. This would be considered a push factor. A push factor is something that keeps people from wanting to go to a certain country or area. The Secondary Sector refers to manufacturing of resources in an economy. Manufacturing is taking resources and processing them into a good. For example, I take a bunch of oranges that I got from the primary sector and I manufacture the oranges into orange juice. Manufacturing takes place in factories where people work with machines to create goods. The Secondary Sector is good for the economy. Usually the Secondary Sector makes more money than the Primary Sector. Although, if a country relies on manufacturing for their economy they will never reach the status of being developed. They will most likely be a newly developed country. More and more, China is becoming a prosperous country but is still considered newly developed because it still relies mainly on the Secondary Sector for its economy.

2 The Tertiary Sector is the segment of the economy that provides services to its consumers; this includes a wide range of businesses such as financial institutions, school, restaurants or even doctors, lawyers, policeman, etc. Any type of business that hands out services for money is considered part of the tertiary sector. The Tertiary Sector is very good for the economy. If a country mainly relies on the tertiary sector it will most likely succeed. There is more money in services so most of the time a country will be Developed (More Developed) on this. For example, the United States relies on mainly services (financial institutions, schools, lawyers, doctors, etc.) so the United States would be considered more developed. The Quaternary Sector usually refers to technology being used (most things electric: computers, phones, tv s, etc.) in a country and high intellectual activities. The more technology, the more advanced that country probably is. A country with a lot of technology would most likely be considered Developed (More Developed). Professions considered to fall under this sector would be tech support, accountant, researcher, professor etc. Define vocabulary and answer questions List 5 countries that are most likely more developed and explain why: List 5 countries that are most likely newly developed and explain why: List 5 countries that are most likely less developed and explain why:

3 Define the following terms and draw a picture for each: Primary Sector: Secondary Sector: Tertiary Sector: Quaternary Sector: Subsistence Farming: Commercial Farming: Terrace Farming: Arable Land: List the type of farming next to each of the three pictures:

4 What Economic Sector is related to farming/agriculture? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Quaternary 1. My country relies mainly on farming for us to succeed economically. The food I grow is for myself and my family. Whatever we have left we sell for a little profit. What development does this country most likely have? Explain your answer. 2. My country does no rely on farming but services for us to succeed economically. The farming that we do have is on large acres of land where technology allows farmers to profit tremendously on their cash crops. What development does this country most likely have? Explain your answer. 3. How does climate impact farming? Define Manufacturing: Which economic sector relates to manufacturing? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Quaternary 4. My country relies mainly on manufacturing goods to succeed economically. Most people work in factories and make low to medium wages. What development does this country most likely have? Explain your answer. Define Service Industry: Which economic sector relates to the service industry? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. Quaternary

5 5. My country relies on the service industry to help our economy succeed. Most people s jobs in include being a doctor, lawyer, policeman, teacher, firefighter, entrepreneur, etc. What development does this country most likely have? Explain your answer. Define Landlocked country: 6. Why do the countries highlighted have a disadvantage at trading? 7. What resource do countries of the Middle East mainly rely on for their economy? Define OPEC:

6 8. Why is the Persian Gulf so important economically to countries in the Middle East? Define Push Factor: Define Pull Factor: Determine whether each of the following are a push or a pull factor and briefly explain your reasoning. 9. Landlocked Country 10. Dry Hot Climate with little rain 11. Country with a lot of Arable Land 12. Subsistence Agriculture 13. Commercial Agriculture 14. Abundance of Natural Resources 15. Access to Ocean/Sea 16. Most jobs in the Primary Sector 17. Most jobs in the Secondary Sector 18. Most jobs in the Tertiary Sector 19. Lots of Arable Land