CONNECTING HEALTH & SUSTAINABILITY. Roy Palmer

Transcription

1 CONNECTING HEALTH & SUSTAINABILITY Roy Palmer

2 Pathway Forward What this industry needs : Standards that cover all integrity issues and then a total promotion of seafood based on health issues George Chamberlain, GAA in KL 2009 Plus LEVY??

3 Mark 6:40-44 Responsible Journalism?

4 True stories of how the world was slowly discovered and how important seafood was in making this happen. The history is fascinating and fish/seafood is still very significant to the world today being the most globally traded food product. HISTORY

5 World Fish Production aquaculture Wild harvest FAO 5

6 World Fish Trade: Export Value 120,000, ,000,000 80,000,000 - in 1000 USD - Developing countries or areas Developed countries or areas 60,000,000 40,000,000 developing 20,000,000 developed

7 Health Benefits Life evolved in the ocean - Oceans cover 72% worlds surface 99% volume of the world Seafood is the richest source of many nutrients that optimize the development of baby s brains and nervous systems Peer reviewed science repeatedly demonstrates health benefits far outweigh theoretical risks Scientific evidence is compelling that seafood deficient diets are a real and present danger Prevention through nutrition creates incredible savings for Public Health

8 FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on the Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption DHA EPA Protein Vitamin A Iodine Selenium

9 600,000 born annually with brain damage due to fisheating mothers

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12 Methyl mercury Estimated changes in child IQ 2x 100g fish / week EPA x 3 mg/g + DHA 3<x 8 mg/g 8<x 15 mg/g x>15 mg/g x 0.1 µg/g 0.04, , , , <x 0.5 µg/g 0.2, , , , <x 1 µg/g 0.6, , , , 2.3 x >1 µg/g 1.2, , , , 4.7

13 Methyl mercury Estimated changes in child IQ 4x 100g fish / week EPA x 3 mg/g + DHA 3<x 8 mg/g 8<x 15 mg/g x>15 mg/g x 0.1 µg/g 0.08, , , , <x 0.5 µg/g 0.48, , , , <x 1 µg/g 1.2, , , , 4.7 x >1 µg/g 2.4, , , , 9.3

14 Methyl mercury Estimated changes in child IQ 7x 100g fish / week EPA x 3 mg/g + DHA 3<x 8 mg/g 8<x 15 mg/g x>15 mg/g x 0.1 µg/g 0.14, , , , <x 0.5 µg/g 0.84, , , , <x 1 µg/g 2.1, , , , 8.2 x >1 µg/g 4.2, , , , 16.3

15 Methyl mercury EPA + DHA by total mercury x 0.1 µg/g 0.1<x 0.5 µg/g 0.5 <x 1 µg/g x >1 µg/g EPA + DHA x 3 mg/g 3<x 8 mg/g 8<x 15 mg/g x>15 mg/g Fish: butterfish; catfish; cod, Atlantic; cod, Pacific; croaker, Atlantic; haddock; pike; plaice, European; pollock; saithe; sole; tilapia Shellfish: clams; cockle; crawfish; cuttlefish; oysters; periwinkle; scallops; scampi; sea urchin; whelk Fish: anglerfish; catshark; dab; grenadier; grouper; gurnard; hake; ling; lingcod and scorpionfish; Nile perch; pout; skate/ray; snapper, porgy and sheepshead; tuna, yellowfin; tusk; whiting Shellfish: lobster; lobster, American Fish: marlin; orange roughy; tuna, bigeye Fish: flatfish; John Dory; perch, ocean and mullet; sweetfish; wolf fish Shellfish: mussels; squid Fish: bass, freshwater; carp; perch, freshwater; scorpion fish; tuna; tuna, albacore Shellfish: crab; lobster, ; lobsters, spiny Fish: mackerel, king; shark Fish: swordfish Fish: redfish; salmon, (wild); salmon, Pacific (wild); smelt Shellfish: crab, spider; swimcrab Fish: bass, saltwater; bluefish; goatfish; halibut, Atlantic (farmed); halibut, Greenland; mackerel, horse; mackerel, Spanish; seabass; seabream; tilefish, Atlantic; tuna, skipjack Fish: alfonsino Fish: anchovy; herring; mackerel; rainbow trout; salmon, (farmed); sardines; sprat Fish liver: cod, (liver); saithe (liver) Shellfish: crab (brown meat) Fish: eel; mackerel, Pacific; sablefish Fish: tuna, Pacific bluefin

16 Dioxin-Like Compounds (DLC) Fish and EPA+DHA consumption lower the risk of CHD mortality. High DLC exposure increases the risk of cancer. Established CHD mortality benefits exceed theoretical upper estimate cancer risks for all frequencies and categories of fish consumption and DLC exposure evaluated.

17 Dioxins Estimated changes in mortality (per million people) 7x 100g fish / week EPA x 3 mg/g + DHA 3<x 8 mg/g 8<x 15 mg/g x>15 mg/g x 1.0 pg/g <x 4.0 pg/g <x 8.0 pg/g x>8.0 pg/g

18 Dioxins EPA + DHA dioxins EPA + DHA x 3 mg/g 3<x 8 mg/g 8<x 15 mg/g x>15 mg/g x 1.0 pg/g Fish: anglerfish; catshark; cod, Atlantic; grenadier; haddock; hake; ling; marlin; orange roughy; pollock; pout; saithe; skate/ray; sole; tilapia; tuna, bigeye; tuna, yellowfin; tusk; whiting Shellfish: cockle; clams; crawfish; cuttlefish; periwinkle; scallops; scampi; sea urchin Fish: flatfish; John Dory; perch, ocean and mullet; shark; sweetfish; tuna, albacore Fish: redfish; salmon, Pacific (wild); tuna, skipjack 1.0<x 4.0 pg/g Fish: catfish; dab; gurnard; plaice, European Shellfish: lobster; oysters; scallops; whelk Fish: scorpion fish; swordfish; tuna Shellfish: mussels; squid Fish: alfonsino; goatfish; halibut, Atlantic (farmed); halibut, Greenland; mackerel, horse; salmon, (wild); seabass; seabream Fish: anchovy; herring; mackerel; mackerel, Pacific; rainbow trout (farmed); salmon, (farmed); tuna, Pacific bluefin Shellfish: crab (brown meat) 4.0<x 8.0 pg/g Shellfish: crab, spider Fish: sardines; sprat x>8.0 pg/g Fish: bluefish Fish: eel Fish liver: cod, (liver); saithe (liver)

19 CONCLUSIONS Consumption of fish provides energy, protein, and a range of essential nutrients, including the long-chain n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA s).

20 Eating fish is part of the cultural traditions of many peoples and in some populations is a major source of food and essential nutrients.

21 Among the general adult population, consumption of fish, particularly oily fish, lowers the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality. There is absence of probable or convincing evidence of CHD risks of MeHg. Potential cancer of DLCs are well below established CHD benefits.

22 Among women of childbearing age, considering benefits of LC n- 3 PUFA s vs. risks of MeHg: fish consumption lowers the risk of suboptimal neurodevelopment in their offspring compared to not eating fish in most circumstances evaluated.

23 At levels of maternal DLC intake (from fish and other dietary sources) that do not exceed the provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) of 70 picograms/kg bodyweight/ month established by JECFA, the neurodevelopmental risk is negligible. At levels of maternal DLC intake (from fish and other dietary sources) that exceed the PTMI, neurodevelopmental risk may no longer be negligible.

24 Among infants, young children, and adolescents, the data available were insufficient to derive a quantitative framework of health risks and benefits of eating fish. However, healthy dietary patterns that include fish established early in life influence dietary habits and health during adult life.

25 Recommendations Acknowledge fish consumption as an important food source of energy, protein, and a range of essential nutrients and part of the cultural traditions of many peoples. Emphasize the CHD mortality benefits of fish consumption (and CHD risks of not eating fish) for the general adult population. Emphasize the neurodevelopment benefits to offspring through women of childbearing age, pregnant women, and nursing mothers consuming fish and the associated neurodevelopment risks to offspring through such women not consuming fish.

26 Develop, maintain, and improve existing databases on specific nutrients and contaminants in fish consumed in their region. Develop and evaluate risk management and communication strategies that both minimize risks and maximize benefits from eating fish.

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29 Founders Auburn University, USA Tamil Nadu University, India Universidad de Cantabria, Spain And Roy Palmer, Aquaculture without Frontiers Professor Michael Crawford, Imperial College, London People who have been at IS&HC, Melbourne

30 AIMS Become a repository for all Medical research relative to seafood, fish, fish oil Encourage all Medical researchers to make their papers available for the website A number of major medical researchers/experts will be offered a page for updating current information/comments Put all relevant info from Conferences, Meetings, etc relating to benefits & risks of eating seafood Link to all videos and media where medical research experts are involved Assist and promote research - market, medical, etc and enable that information to be recorded and available on the website

31 AIMS (2) Allow global information which is used to promote seafood and health issues to be stored and viewable Promote partnerships in research, education, training and other activities relevant to seafood and health issues Be inclusive rather than exclusive with involvement and partners - supporters of the website will be allowed to have their logo and linkages Universities around the world will be invited to join aim being to get them to convert information into lots of languages and have them available on the website.

32 Seafood Consumption Template is being developed through process in operation at moment Allows for consistent data to be made available Universities will enable their students to work on these studies globally Experts will be able to keep track of changes and assess outcomes Will be able to be linked with other global work

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34 Professor Huxley, 1882 I believe that the cod fishery, the herring fishery, the pilchard fishery, the mackerel fishery, and probably all the great sea fisheries, are inexhaustible; that is to say, that nothing we do seriously affects the number of the fish. And any attempt to regulate these fisheries seems consequently, from the nature of the case, to be useless.

35 Ass Professor Boris Worm, 2006 Unless humans act now, seafood may disappear by 2048, concludes the lead author of a new study that paints a grim picture for ocean and human health. Biodiversity is a finite resource, and we are going to end up with nothing left... if nothing changes. seafood-threat.html

36 Professor Ray Hilborn, 2009 Our oceans are not a lost cause. The encouraging result is that exploitation rate is decreasing in half of the ten systems we examined in detail. This means that management in those areas is setting the stage for ecological and economic recovery. We have the ability to bring overfishing under control.

37 Sustainable Aquaculture WFC/Conservation International The growing need for food security Governments to actively support growth of the sector and stimulate private sector investment Data showed a positive relationship between overall production levels and impacts

38 Retail purchase standards have been driven by buyers Widespread concern about sustainability not top of mind for consumers NGO s made strategic decision to target seafood buyers with sustainability education, demands Retailers fearful of negative campaigns; adopted corporate responsibility programs for seafood purchasing

39 Who do the public trust?

40 What direction should you take? ASPIRATION FEAR

41 Why GAA - What Areas Should Standards Cover? Environmental Habitat, effluents, salinization Social Community rights Child labor and worker safety Food Safety Salmonella and other pathogens Antibiotics, pesticides Traceability From Mill to processed lot

42 Why GAA: Standards are Multi-dimensional Supply Chain Hatchery Farm Feed Processing Environmental Social Food Safety Traceability

43 Growth of BAP Certified Volume

44 Why BAP? Why are we different? Standards have a very broad scope 8 years in existence/evolution, not just paper. Self-sustaining business model Cost effective: average 1/2 of 1 pence per pound (no logo fee) Standards development: 1.4B lbs (18% of global shrimp production) Prawns, Tilapia, Pangasius / Swai, Catfish, Salmon complete. Hatchery, Feed Mill, Farm, and Processing plant Mussels to be completed 2011 Inclusive in the supply chain: Small farms IOM Training

45 The GAA maintains an innovative program for group farm certification: 1. Integrated Operating Modules (IOMs). Designed to provide practical certification solutions for group farms at affordable rates. Typical Size (Thailand, shrimp) IOM Number of Units (farms) 4-15 Average Production (mt/yr) 1,700-2,000

46 Standards Development Process Technical Committee 4 NGOs 4 Industry 4 Academic/Policy Standards Oversights Committee: 4 NGOs 4 Industry 4 Academic/Policy Stakeholder Review Continual Revisions Committed to Compliance FAO Guidelines for Aquaculture Certification Global Food Safety Initiative ISO-65 Audits throughout the supply chain

47 Third party, Independent Certification Standards Oversight Committee Oversees standards development GAA Technical Committees Develops standards Best Aquaculture Practices Standards Standards Process Certification Process International Accreditation Forum Certification Accreditation Body Approves Body Accredits (ISO 65) Certifies compliance Applicant

48 Market Endorsement of BAP Certification Scope of Endorsements for BAP Standards Worldwide Within the Retail and Food Service Industries: 3 of the 5 top US retailers (32 total retailers) 2 of the top 4 US foods Service distributors 2 of top 3 Canadian retailers 4 of top 6 UK retailers 3 of the top 5 UK importer / suppliers 18 of 20 Greenpeace-listed retailers require, or are in the process of requiring, BAP

49 Current Programs: How Do You Choose? For retailers, this is a CSR issue, not a consumer issue. Perhaps, within two to three years it will be. Savvy retailers are making these decisions today as a point of difference. BUT, the debate is out of kilter between the Industry/NGOs/Retailers. What are the options for a retailer? Do nothing, or partner up. Friends of the Sea WWF / ASC GAA / BAP Global Gap SFP

50 Current Programs: Strengths and Weaknesses Friends of the Sea robustness of standards / traceability Governance. Stakeholder involvement Nimble WWF / ASC / Aquaculture Dialogues Standards? Management team? Zero product currently certified, how long from having full mechanism in place ASC or WWF, what is it and how do you support it???? Long-term viability, what is the business model.what are the costs, how do you audit? Mechanisms for training, and primarily farm gate? WWF recognised name but where does it sit? Conflicts?

51 Current Programs: Strengths and Weaknesses Global Gap FAO compliant? B2B solution is not consumer facing Strong food safety, social awareness and auditing platforms, strong traceability Farm gate solution only Need for stronger, more routine reviews of standards Unknown at consumer level, only a European solution. GAA / BAP 1.4B lbs certified built over 8 years, and growing 28% YOY Covers all streams of the supply chain, and combines Food Safety and Environmental platforms Very clear governance structure On the ground Training Clear cost structure Strong traceability Low awareness at consumer level

52 Why The GAA? It s the right thing to do. It levels the playing field for all farms, processors, hatcheries, feed mills. 3 rd party endorser with a logo, gives an importer / retailer assurance for the product. Effective certification is a point of difference and adds value to your product: Retailers have stated they will pay more for certified products. Market place acceptance: New markets that require certification. GFSI benchmarking? Corporate Social Responsibility retailers do want to do the right thing, even if their customer is not demanding it. Retailers certifying today, put themselves in a much better position for tomorrow.

53 Areas of Cooperation with GAA? Production facility (1-star certification) Better supplier knowledge Traceability GFSI certification Cost effective: average 2/10 s of 1 pence per pound (no logo fee) Farm (2-star certification) Integrated certification provides environmental, food safety, social welfare cover. Full Traceability Cost effective

54 Seafood Industry - Great Story.. World s largest traded food commodity World Record quantity/value 2010 Essential ingredient for health and well being Seafood is the most environmentally sustainable protein food on the planet! The industry employs 45 million people + One of the very few wild products put on our plate The world is our.

55 Win-Win-Win Proposition Harvest fish + eat fish = Creation of employment and economic development + Reduction of hunger/famine, and Improvement in global physical and mental health

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57 Skretting Australasian Aquaculture 2012 International Conference and Trade Show 1 4 May 2012 Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre hosted by sponsored by

58 Roy Palmer Mob