EFFICACY AND ECONOMICS OF NEW WEED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN SOYBEANS. Angie A. Midthun-Hensen, R. Gordon Harvey and Edward S.

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1 EFFICACY AND ECONOMICS OF NEW WEED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN SOYBEANS Angie A. Midthun-Hensen, R. Gordon Harvey and Edward S. Oplinger 1 Alternative weed management technologies including Roundup Ready, Liberty Link, and sulfonylurea tolerant (STS) soybeans introduce questions of relative profitability of weed management systems utilizing the technologies. In an effort to answer those questions, six field studies were established in A no-till drilled soybean study was established in a field with heavy weed pressure on the Arlington Agricultural Research Station, and a no-till 30 inch row study was established near Baraboo. The remaining studies were conducted with soybeans planted in 30 inch rows following conventional tillage. The Deforest site had low weed pressure. Two additional studies on the Arlington Agricultural Research Station had either heavy weed pressure or a severe infestation of wild-proso millet. The last site near Watertown was infested with woolly cupgrass. At all locations, four high yielding soybean varieties recommended by Dr. Oplinger based on performance in Wisconsin soybean variety trials were included for Roundup Ready, STS and conventional technologies. The one adapted Liberty Link variety was also included at each location. Roundup Ready varieties included Asgrow 2101RR, Asgrow 2301RR, DeKalb 198RR, DSR-215RR. STS varieties included DSR-220STS, DSR-250STS, DSR-280STS, KB-228STS. Conventional varieties included CX-0232, DSR-277, KB-274, and SpanSoy-250. The Liberty Link variety was CropLand 2874LL. All trial locations included three appropriate herbicide treatments for each herbicide resistant variety and eight herbicide treatments appropriate for the conventional varieties. One of the conventional treatments was applied to all varieties to facilitate comparisons of yield potential. Early and late season weed control ratings were taken visually, and averaged 90% or higher when averaged over treatments with in a technology. Weed control ratings, crop yield, treatment cost, and estimates of weed seed production were obtained for each treatment. Partial returns from weed management (ROM) were calculated using herbicide costs from the 2000 Pest Management in Wisconsin Field Crops bulletin (A3646), and a soybean price of $5.15/bu based on the loan defiency payments. Herbicide application costs were set at $7/A based on local custom applicator rates and a $7/A technology fee was added for Roundup Ready varieties. Due to space limitations, we will not discuss differences in weed control data. This information will be available in the 1999 Wisconsin Weed Control Results. Thus the accompanying tables report only soybean yields and partial returns from weed management (ROM). Overall variety and herbicide performance. Averaged across all six locations in the standard herbicide treatment, both Roundup Ready and STS varieties had 3.4 bu/a lower yields than the conventional and Liberty Link varieties. Thus the Roundup Ready and STS programs must perform better or have a lower cost if those treatments were to have similar ROM s as Liberty Link and conventional treatments. Except for wild-proso millet and woolly cupgrass, herbicides representing each technology effectively controlled the weeds present. At most locations, the better treatments included specific soybean varieties. This indicated that choosing the correct variety for a site was usually more important than choosing a specific herbicide treatment. Because of this herbicide by variety interaction, results must be interpreted from the variety column instead of the average column in the tables. 1 Graduate Research Assistant, Professor and Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706

2 No-till drilled soybeans: We made a serious mistake in this study. Command 3ME had historically performed well as an early preplant treatment at this site. Thus, neither 2,4-D nor Roundup was included as a burn down treatment with Command. Numerous horseweed escaped where neither 2,4-D nor Roundup were applied, seriously reducing soybean yields. Treatments with ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment included Roundup Ready, Liberty Link, STS and conventional treatments (Table 1). However, the treatments included only one Roundup Ready variety (Dekalb 198RR), two STS varieties ( DSR-250S and DSR-280STS), and the one Liberty Link variety. But all four conventional varieties were included in the top treatments. No-till soybeans near Baraboo: Four treatment by variety combinations out of the 75 included at this location had ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment (Table 2). They included Prowl followed by (fb) Liberty with Crop Land 2574LL, Command 3ME fb Pursuit and Prowl fb Pursuit with KB-274, and Prowl & Python with CX No Roundup Ready or STS treatments were in this top group. Light weed pressure at Deforest: Eight treatment by variety combinations out of the 75 included at this location had ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment (Table 3). They included two Roundup Ready treatments both with DSR-215RR, one STS treatment with KB-228STS, and five conventional treatments all with CX Heavy weed pressure at Arlington: At this site, choosing a herbicide treatment probably was equally important as choosing a variety. Five treatment by variety combinations out of the 75 included at this location had ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment (Table 4). They included Command 3ME fb Roundup Ultra with Asgrow 2101RR and Dekalb 198RR, Broadstrike & Dual plus Sencor with DSR-227 and KB-274, and Reflex + Pursuit + Fusion with CX Wild-proso millet at Arlington: Twenty two treatment by variety combinations out of the 75 included at this location had ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment (Table 5). They included nine Roundup Ready (including all three Roundup Ready herbicide treatments and all four Roundup Ready varieties), and 13 conventional treatments (which also included all four conventional varieties). Six of the eight herbicide treatments were split treatments which included Fusion, Poast Plus, Roundup or Select. Woolly cupgrass at Watertown: At this site, herbicide treatment was more important than soybean variety. All three of the Roundup Ready treatments across all four varieties had ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment (Table 6). Also one STS treatment across three of the four varieties, and two conventional treatments both with CX-0232 and SpanSoy 250 had ROM s not significantly different from the top treatment. Conclusions. At the six locations we had a total of 450 herbicide and variety combinations. Totaling up the best treatments at all sites, there were 34 conventional, 28 Roundup Ready, 8 STS and two Liberty Link treatments in the top groups. Excellent conventional treatments were available for all sites. Roundup Ready treatments seemed be best suited for no-till drilled soybeans or where wild-proso millet or woolly cupgrass problems existed. At the prices used for our calculations and with the varieties available, Liberty Link and STS technologies appeared to have the poorest fit.

3 Table 1. Weed management systems study in no-till drilled beans with heavy weed pressure. The following treatments were applied to Roundup Ready soybeans. Roundup Ultra/Roundup Ultra/ Roundup Ultra PPL/V3/ if needed 1 pt/2 pt/ 1.5 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $243 $241 DSR-215 RR 51 $218 DeKalb 198 RR 63 $279 Asgrow 2101 RR 52 $223 Command 3ME/Roundup Ultra 7DPP/V3 1 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $205 $228 DSR-215 RR 49 $220 DeKalb 198 RR 60 $277 Asgrow 2101 RR 47 $210 2,4-D LV+Pursuit Plus/ Roundup Ultra 7DPP/V pts/ 1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $218 $237 DSR-215 RR 47 $202 DeKalb 198 RR 67 $305 Asgrow 2101 RR 51 $223 7DPP/V3 2 pts/ 3 fl oz+ Asgrow 2301 RR $108 $108 DSR-215 RR 30 $103 DeKalb 198 RR 37 $139 Asgrow 2101 RR 26 $82 The following treatments were applied to Liberty - Link soybeans. 2,4-D LV// 7DPP/V3/ if needed 0.5/21 fl oz+3.0lb/ 15 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $252 $252 2,4-D LV+Prowl/ 7DPP/V pts/ 21 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $270 $270 Command 3ME/ 7DPP/V3 1 pt/21 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $239 $239 7DPP/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ Crop Land 2874 LL $197 $197 The following treatments were applied to STS soybeans. Roundup Ultra/Synchrony STS PPL/V3 +Pinnacle+Assure II+ COC+AMS 1 pt/0.23 oz oz+0.5 pts+ DSR-280 STS $271 $252 KB -228 STS 50 $220 DSR-250 STS 62 $281 DSR-220 STS 53 $235 Roundup Ultra/Pursuit+ Pinnacle+Poast Plus + PPL/V3 1 pt/4 fl oz oz+1.5 pts+ DSR-280 STS $267 $233 KB -228 STS 49 $200 DSR-250 STS 57 $242 DSR-220 STS 53 $221 Roundup Ultra+Pursuit Plus+ Prowl/Pinnacle+ COC+AMS PPL/V3 1 pt+2.5 pts+ 1 pt/0.26 oz+ 1.25%+2.5lb DSR-280 STS $300 $265 KB -228 STS 54 $233 DSR-250 STS 51 $269 DSR-220 STS 59 $259 continued

4 Table 1. Weed management systems in no-till drilled soybeans with heavy weed pressure (continued). 7DPP/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ DSR-280 STS $197 $152 KB -228 STS 34 $130 DSR-250 STS 32 $120 DSR-220 STS 40 $161 The following treatments were applied to conventional soybeans. Roundup Ultra/Raptor+ 7DPP/V3 1 pt/4 fl oz+ CX $258 $272 DSR $284 KB $284 SpanSoy $263 2,4-D LX+Prowl+ Python 7DPP pts oz CX $204 $203 DSR $189 KB $220 SpanSoy $199 Roundup Ultra+Broadstrike Dual + Sencor DF PRE 1 pt+2.25 pts+ 6 oz CX $246 $259 DSR $298 KB $246 SpanSoy $246 2,4-D LV+Canopy XL/ Poast Plus + COC 7DPP/V oz/ 1.5 pts+1.25% CX $269 $260 DSR $264 KB $254 SpanSoy $254 Roundup Ultra+Frontier/ Galaxy+Poast Plus+ COC+AMS PRE/V3 1 pt+20 fl oz/ 2 pts+12 fl oz+ 1.25%+2.5lb CX $171 $189 DSR $207 KB $186 SpanSoy $191 2,4-D LV+Prowl/ Pursuit+ 7DPP/V pts/ 4 fl oz+ CX $265 $275 DSR $86 KB $286 SpanSoy $265 Roundup Ultra/ Reflex+Pursuit+ Fusion+ PRE/V3 1 pt/1 pt+2 fl oz+ 3.4 fl oz+ CX $208 $226 DSR $229 KB $255 SpanSoy $213 7DPP/V3 2 pt/3 fl oz+ CX $166 $144 DSR $151 KB $135 SpanSoy $125 LSD (0.10) = 8 7 $36 $30 a Adjuvants: COC is Prime Oil, by Riverside/Terra; MSO is MSO Concentrate by Loveland industries; AMS (ammonium sulfate) is S-Sul Sprayable by American Plant Food Corp.

5 Table 2. Weed management systems study in no-till planted soybeans. $/A )))) bu/a )))) ))))) $/A ))))) The following treatments were applied to Roundup Ready varieties. PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ Asgrow 2301 RR $236 $244 DSR-215 RR 55 $231 DeKalb 198 RR 58 $247 Asgrow 2101 RR 61 $262 Roundup Ultra/Roundup Ultra V3/IFN 2 pts/ 1.5 pts Asgrow 2301 RR $280 $262 DSR-215 RR 57 $260 DeKalb 198 RR 57 $260 Asgrow 2101 RR 55 $249 Command 3ME/Roundup Ultra PRE/V3 1 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $262 $274 DSR-215 RR 56 $256 DeKalb 198 RR 62 $287 Asgrow 2101 RR 63 $292 Pursuit Plus/Roundup Ultra PPL/V3 2.5 pts/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $275 $261 DSR-215 RR 56 $249 DeKalb 198 RR 60 $270 Asgrow 2101 RR 56 $249 The following treatments were applied to Liberty Link varieties: PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz 1.0%+2.5 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $300 $300 / V3/if needed 21 fl oz+3.0 lb/ 15 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $275 $275 Prowl/ PPL/V3 2.4 pts/ 21 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $324 $324 Command 3ME/ PRE/V3 1 pt/ 21 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $316 $316 The following treatments were applied to STS varieties: PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ 1.0%+2.5 lb DSR-280 STS $249 $238 KB -228 STS 55 $238 DSR-250 STS 57 $249 DSR-220 STS 51 $218 Synchrony STS+Pinnacle+ Assure II+COC+AMS V oz+0.13 oz+ 0.5 pts+1.0%+ 2.5lb DSR-280 STS $277 $265 KB -228 STS 60 $282 DSR-250 STS 62 $292 DSR-220 STS 46 $210 Pursuit+Pinnacle+ Poast Plus+ V3 4 fl oz+0.13 oz+ 1.5 pts+1.0%+2.5 lb DSR-280 STS $273 $247 KB -228 STS 53 $232 DSR-250 STS 61 $273 DSR-220 STS 49 $211 continued

6 Table 2. Weed management systems study in no-till planted soybeans (continued). $/A )))) bu/a )))) ))))) $/A ))))) Pursuit Plus+Prowl/Pinnacle+ COC+AMS PPL/V3 2.5 pts+1 pt/0.26 oz+1.25%+2.5lb DSR-280 STS $223 $231 KB -228 STS 57 $249 DSR-250 STS 54 $233 DSR-220 STS 51 $218 The following treatments were applied to conventional varieties: PRE/V3 2 pts/ 3 fl oz+ CX $300 $279 DSR $254 KB $336 SpanSoy $228 Raptor+ V3 4 fl oz+ CX $306 $274 DSR $280 KB $260 SpanSoy $249 Prowl+Python 7DPP 2.4 pts+1.26 oz CX $317 $285 DSR $260 KB $302 SpanSoy $260 Broadstrike Dual+Sencor DF PRE 2.25 pts+6 oz CX $312 $280 DSR $266 KB $291 SpanSoy $250 Canopy XL/ Poast Plus + COC 7DPP/V oz/ 1.5pts+1.25% CX $297 $261 DSR $245 KB $271 SpanSoy $230 Frontier/Galaxy+ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PRE/V3 20 fl oz/2 pts+12 fl oz+1.25%+2.5lb CX $283 $253 DSR $226 KB $272 SpanSoy $231 Prowl/Pursuit + PPL/V3 2.4 pts/4 fl oz+ CX $303 $291 DSR $267 KB $349 SpanSoy $246 Reflex+Pursuit+ Fusion+ PRE/V3 1 pt+2 fl oz+ 3.4 fl oz+ CX $301 $271 DSR $239 KB $296 SpanSoy $249 LSD (0.10) = 8 5 $32 $20 A Adjuvants: COC is Prime Oil, by Riverside/Terra; MSO is MSO Concentrate by Loveland industries; AMS (ammonium sulfate) is S-Sul Sprayable by American Plant Food Corp.

7 Table 3. Soybean weed management systems study with light weed pressure. The following treatments were applied to Roundup Ready varieties. PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ Asgrow 2301 RR $252 $258 DSR-215 RR 63 $272 DeKalb 198 RR 61 $262 Asgrow 2101 RR 58 $247 Roundup Ultra/Roundup Ultra V3/Ifneed 2 pts/ 1.5 pts Asgrow 2301 RR $272 $292 DSR-215 RR 66 $318 DeKalb 198 RR 62 $297 Asgrow 2101 RR 59 $282 Command 3ME/Roundup Ultra V3/Ifneed 1 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $272 $278 DSR-215 RR 66 $308 DeKalb 198 RR 56 $256 Asgrow 2101 RR 60 $277 Pursuit Plus/Roundup Ultra PPL/V3 2.5 pts/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $266 $272 DSR-215 RR 64 $292 DeKalb 198 RR 60 $271 Asgrow 2101 RR 58 $261 The following treatments were applied to Liberty Link varieties: PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz 1.0%+2.5 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $274 $274 / V3/Ifneed 21 fl oz+3.0 lb/ 15 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $292 $292 Prowl/ PPL/V3 2.4 pts/ 21 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $280 $280 Command 3ME/ PRE/V3 1 pt/ 21 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $280 $280 The following treatments were applied to STS varieties: PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ 1.0%+2.5 lb DSR-280 STS $207 $243 KB -228 STS 59 $259 DSR-250 STS 61 $269 DSR-220 STS 55 $238 Synchrony STS+Pinnacle+ Assure II+COC+AMS V oz+0.13 oz + 0.5pts+ DSR-280 STS $220 $261 KB -228 STS 65 $308 DSR-250 STS 62 $292 DSR-220 STS 49 $225 Pursuit+Pinnacle+ Poast Plus+ V3 4 fl oz+0.13 oz+1.5 pts+ DSR-280 STS $211 $240 KB -228 STS 61 $273 DSR-250 STS 57 $253 DSR-220 STS 51 $222 Pursuit Plus+Prowl /Pinnacle+ COC+AMS PPL/V3 2.5 pts+1 pt/0.26 oz+1.25%+2.5 DSR-280 STS $233 $240 KB -228 STS 58 $254 DSR-250 STS 61 $269 DSR-220 STS 48 $202 continued

8 Table 3. Soybean weed management systems study with light weed pressure (continued). The following treatments were applied to conventional varieties: PRE/V3 2 pts/ 3 fl oz+ 1.0%+2.5 CX $316 $282 DSR $274 KB $269 SpanSoy $269 Raptor+ V3 4 fl oz+1.0%+2.5 CX $301 $281 DSR $275 KB $270 SpanSoy $280 Prowl+Python PPL 2.4 pts+1.26 oz CX $286 $281 DSR $271 KB $271 SpanSoy $296 Broadstrike Dual+Sencor DF PRE 2.25 pts+6 oz CX $286 $277 DSR $286 KB $255 SpanSoy $281 Canopy XL/ Poast Plus + COC PRE/V oz/ 1.5pts+1.25% CX $328 $290 DSR $276 KB $276 SpanSoy $281 Frontier/Galaxy+ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PRE/V3 20 fl oz/2 pts+ 12 fl oz+1.25%+2.5lb CX $305 $269 DSR $249 KB $254 SpanSoy $269 Prowl/Pursuit + PPL/V3 2.4 pts/4 fl oz+ CX $326 $286 DSR $274 KB $264 SpanSoy $279 Reflex+Pursuit+ Fusion+ V3 1 pt+2 fl oz+ 3.4 fl oz+ CX $311 $287 DSR $270 KB $296 SpanSoy $270 LSD (0.10) = 6 5 $26 $23 a Adjuvants: COC is Prime Oil, by Riverside/Terra; MSO is MSO Concentrate by Loveland industries; AMS (ammonium sulfate) is S-Sul Sprayable by American Plant Food Corp.

9 Table 4. Weed management systems study in soybeans with heavy weed pressure. The following treatments were applied to Roundup Ready varieties: PPL/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ Asgrow 2301 RR $190 $184 DSR-215 RR 45 $180 DeKalb 198 RR 45 $180 Asgrow 2101 RR 46 $185 Roundup Ultra/Roundup Ultra V3/If needed 2 pts/ 1.5 pts Asgrow 2301 RR $224 $204 DSR-215 RR 43 $187 DeKalb 198 RR 46 $203 Asgrow 2101 RR 46 $203 Command 3ME/Roundup Ultra PPL/V3 1 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $220 $227 DSR-215 RR 47 $210 DeKalb 198 RR 55 $251 Asgrow 2101 RR 50 $226 Pursuit Plus/Roundup Ultra PPL/V3 2.5 pts/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $208 $194 DSR-215 RR 37 $152 DeKalb 198 RR 50 $219 Asgrow 2101 RR 46 $198 The following treatments were applied to Liberty Link varieties: PPL/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz 1.0%+2.5 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $176 $176 / V3/ If needed 21 fl oz+3.0 lb/ 15 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $183 $183 Prowl/ PPL/V3 2.4 pts/ 21 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $179 $179 Command 3ME/ PPL/V3 1 pt/ 21 fl oz+3.0 lb Crop Land 2874 LL $213 $213 The following treatments were applied to STS varieties: PPL/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ 1.0%+2.5 lb DSR-280 STS $202 $189 KB -228 STS 45 $187 DSR-250 STS 44 $182 DSR-220 STS 45 $187 Synchrony STS+Pinnacle+ Assure II+COC+AMS V oz+0.13 oz+ 0.5 pts+1.0%+ 2.5 lb DSR-280 STS $220 $212 KB -228 STS 45 $205 DSR-250 STS 46 $210 DSR-220 STS 47 $215 Pursuit+Pinnacle+ Poast Plus+ V3 4 fl oz+0.13 oz+ 1.5 pts+1.0%+2.5 lb DSR-280 STS $211 $202 KB -228 STS 47 $201 DSR-250 STS 47 $201 DSR-220 STS 46 $196 Pursuit Plus+Prowl/Pinnacle+ COC+AMS PPL/V3 2.5 pts+1 pt/0.26 oz+ 1.25%+2.5lb DSR-280 STS $182 $180 KB -228 STS 46 $192 DSR-250 STS 41 $166 DSR-220 STS 44 $182 continued

10 Table 4. Weed management systems study is soybeans with heavy weed pressure (continued). The following treatments were applied to conventional varieties: PPL/V3 2 pts/ 3 fl oz+ 1.0%+2.5 CX $218 $207 DSR $213 KB $207 SpanSoy $192 Raptor+ V3 4 fl oz+1.0%+2.5 CX $208 $209 DSR $213 KB $213 SpanSoy $203 Prowl+Python PPL 2.4 pts+1.26 oz CX $183 $187 DSR $188 KB $193 SpanSoy $183 Broadstrike Dual+Sencor DF PRE 2.25 pts+6 oz CX $199 $222 DSR $235 KB $235 SpanSoy $219 Canopy XL/ Poast Plus + COC PRE/V oz/ 1.5pts+1.25% CX $220 $209 DSR $214 KB $209 SpanSoy $194 Frontier/Galaxy+ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PRE/V3 20 fl oz/2 pts+ 12 fl oz+1.25%+2.5 CX $207 $194 DSR $192 KB $197 SpanSoy $182 Prowl/Pursuit + PPL/V3 2.4 pts/4 fl oz+ 1.0%+2.5 CX $166 $172 DSR $150 KB $186 SpanSoy $186 Reflex+Pursuit+ Fusion+ V3 1 pt+2 fl oz+ 3.4 fl oz+1.0%+2.5 CX $233 $206 DSR $192 KB $212 SpanSoy $187 LSD (0.10) = 6 5 $25 $21 a Adjuvants: COC is Prime Oil, by Riverside/Terra; MSO is MSO Concentrate by Loveland industries; AMS (ammonium sulfate) is S-Sul Sprayable by American Plant Food Corp.

11 Table 5. Soybean weed management systems study with wild proso millet. The following treatments were applied to Roundup Ready varieties. Select+ PRE/V3 2pts/3 fl oz+ 6 fl oz+1.0%+2.5 Asgrow 2301 RR $233 $218 DSR 215 RR 51 $202 DeKalb 198 RR 58 $238 Asgrow 2101 RR 51 $202 Roundup Ultra/Roundup Ultra V3/If needed 2 pts/1.5 pts Asgrow 2301 RR $239 $252 DSR 215 RR 52 $234 DeKalb 198 RR 58 $265 Asgrow 2101 RR 59 $270 Command 3ME/Roundup Ultra PRE/V3 1 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $231 $240 DSR 215 RR 52 $236 DeKalb 198 RR 54 $246 Asgrow 2101 RR 54 $246 Pursuit Plus/Roundup Ultra PPL/V3 2.5 pts/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $234 $229 DSR 215 RR 46 $198 DeKalb 198 RR 58 $260 Asgrow 2101 RR 51 $224 The following treatments were applied to Liberty Link varieties: Select+ PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ 6 fl oz+ Crop Land 2874 LL $198 $198 / V3/If needed 21 fl oz+3.0lb/ 15 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $209 $209 Prowl/ 7DPP/V3 2.4 pts/21 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $179 $179 Command 3ME/ PRE/V3 1 pt/21 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $162 $162 The following treatments were applied to STS varieties: Select+ PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ 6 fl oz+ DSR 280 STS $183 $197 KB 228 STS 52 $214 DSR 250 STS 52 $214 DSR 220 STS 45 $178 Synchrony STS+Pinnacle+ Assure II+COC+AMS V oz+0.13 oz+ 0.5 pts+ DSR 280 STS $225 $220 KB 228 STS 49 $225 DSR 250 STS 47 $215 DSR 220 STS 47 $215 Pursuit+Pinnacle+ Poast Plus+ V3 4 fl oz+0.13 oz 1.5 pts+ DSR 280 STS $217 $213 KB 228 STS 50 $217 DSR 250 STS 49 $211 DSR 220 STS 48 $206 continued

12 Table 5. Soybean weed management systems study with wild proso millet (continued). Pursuit Plus+Prowl/Pinnacle+ Select+COC+AMS PPL/V3 2.5 pts+1 pt/ 0.26 oz+ 6 fl oz+1.25%+2.5lb DSR 280 STS $167 $180 KB 228 STS 46 $183 DSR 250 STS 46 $183 DSR 220 STS 47 $188 The following treatments were applied to conventional varieties: Select+ PRE/V3 2 pts/3 fl oz+ 6 fl oz+ CX $224 $238 DSR $229 KB $250 SpanSoy $250 Raptor+Select+ V3 4 fl oz+6 fl oz+ CX $255 $246 DSR $234 KB $250 SpanSoy $244 Prowl+Python/ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PPL/V3 2.4 pts+1.26 oz/ 12 fl oz+1.25%+2.5lb CX $235 $239 DSR $235 KB $256 SpanSoy $230 Broadstrike Dual+Sencor DF/ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PRE/V pts+6 oz/ 12 fl oz+1.25%+2.5lb CX $229 $216 DSR $229 KB $219 SpanSoy $188 Canopy XL/Poast Plus+ COC+AMS PRE/V oz/1.5 pts+ 1.25%+2.5lb CX $225 $218 DSR $230 KB $209 SpanSoy $209 Frontier/Galaxy+ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PRE/V3 20 fl oz/2 pts+ 12 fl oz+1.25%+2.5lb CX $213 $211 DSR $202 KB $228 SpanSoy $202 Prowl/Pursuit+ Select+ PPL/V3 2.4 pts/4 fl oz+ 6 fl oz+ CX $227 $214 DSR $196 KB $222 SpanSoy $212 Reflex+Pursuit+ Fusion+ V3 1 pt+2 fl oz+ 3.4 fl oz+ CX $254 $242 DSR $229 KB $239 SpanSoy $244 LSD (0.10) = 9 7 $36 $30 a Adjuvants: COC is Prime Oil, by Riverside/Terra; MSO is MSO Concentrate by Loveland industries; AMS (ammonium sulfate) is S-Sul Sprayable by American Plant Food Corp. Table 6. Weed management systems study with woolly cupgrass.

13 The following treatments were applied to Roundup Ready varieties. Select+ PRE/V3 2 pt/3 fl oz+ 0.5 pt+ Asgrow 2301 RR $240 $233 DSR-215 RR 54 $214 DeKalb 198 RR 61 $250 Asgrow 2101 RR 57 $230 Roundup Ultra/Roundup Ultra V3/if need 2 pt/1.5 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $280 $275 DSR-215 RR 59 $270 DeKalb 198 RR 60 $275 Asgrow 2101 RR 60 $275 Command 3ME/Roundup Ultra PRE/V3 2 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $275 $266 DSR-215 RR 59 $260 DeKalb 198 RR 61 $270 Asgrow 2101 RR 59 $260 Pursuit Plus/ Roundup Ultra PPL/V3 2.5 pt/1 pt Asgrow 2301 RR $265 $270 DSR-215 RR 60 $270 DeKalb 198 RR 62 $280 Asgrow 2101 RR 59 $265 The following treatments applied to Liberty Linkt varieties: Select+ PRE/V3 2 pt/3 fl oz+0.5 pt+ Crop Land 2874 LL $226 $226 / V3/IFN 21 fl oz+3.0lb/ 15 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $224 $224 Prowl/ PPL/V3 2.4 pt/ 21 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $246 $246 Command 3ME/ PRE/V3 2 pt/ 21 fl oz+3.0lb Crop Land 2874 LL $250 $250 The following treatments applied to STS varieties: Select+ PRE/V3 2 pt/3 fl oz+0.5 pt+ DSR-280 STS $221 $222 KB -228 STS 55 $226 DSR-250 STS 54 $221 DSR-220 STS 54 $221 Synchrony STS+Pinnacle+ Poast Plus+COC+AMS V oz+0.13 oz+ 2 pt+ DSR-280 STS $267 $260 KB -228 STS 58 $267 DSR-250 STS 57 $262 DSR-220 STS 54 $246 Pursuit+Pinnacle+ Poast Plus+ V3 4 fl oz+0.13 oz+ 2 pt+ DSR-280 STS $223 $228 KB -228 STS 53 $228 DSR-250 STS 54 $233 DSR-220 STS 53 $228 Pursuit Plus+Prowl/Pinnacle+ Select+COC+AMS PPL/V3 2.5 pt+1 pt/0.26 oz+ 0.5 pt+1.25%+2.5lb DSR-280 STS $237 $228 KB -228 STS 58 $242 DSR-250 STS 57 $237 DSR-220 STS 49 $195 continued

14 Table 6. Weed management systems study in soybeans infested with woolly cupgrass (continued). The following treatments applied to conventional varieties: Select+ PRE/V3 2 pt/3 fl oz+ 0.5 pt+ CX $237 $235 DSR $226 KB $226 SpanSoy $252 Raptor+Select+ V3 4 fl oz+0.5 pt+ CX $231 $232 DSR $226 KB $236 SpanSoy $236 Prowl+Python Select+ PPL/V3 2.4 pt+1.26 oz/ 0.5 pt+ CX $268 $253 DSR $232 KB $253 SpanSoy $258 Broadstrike Dual+Sencor DF/ Poast Plus+ PRE/V pt+6 oz/ 2 pt+ CX $261 $247 DSR $230 KB $246 SpanSoy $251 Canopy XL/Poast Plus+ PRE/V oz/2 pt+ CX $274 $256 DSR $243 KB $243 SpanSoy $264 Frontier/Galaxy+ Poast Plus+COC+AMS PRE/V3 20 fl oz/2 pt+ 2 pt+1.25%+2.5lb CX $176 $182 DSR $181 KB $181 SpanSoy $191 Prowl/Pursuit+ Select+ PPL/V3 2.4 pt/4 fl oz+ 0.5 pt+ CX $242 $233 DSR $226 KB $221 SpanSoy $242 Reflex+Pursuit+ Fusion+ PRE/V3 1 pt+2 fl oz+ 9 fl oz+ CX $234 $230 DSR $224 KB $229 SpanSoy $234 LSD (0.10) = 6 5 $24 $23 a Adjuvants: COC is Prime Oil, by Riverside/Terra; MSO is MSO Concentrate by Loveland industries; AMS (ammonium sulfate) is S-Sul Sprayable by American Plant Food Corp.