Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) in Mountain Ecosystems of Nepal, Peru & Uganda

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1 Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) in Mountain Ecosystems of Nepal, Peru & Uganda VIII CBUC Brazilian Congress on Protected Areas, September, 2015, Curitiba, Brazil Symposium: Ecosystem-based Adaptation Dr. Musonda Mumba EbA Flagship Programme Coordinator, Climate Change Adaptation Unit, UNEP 1

2 HOME 2

3 Humans are small in the scheme of things 3

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5 Ecosystem Services Food Production Water Wood & Fuel Fuel Nutrient cycling Soil formation Primary Production Habitat Provision Provisioning Services Supporting Services Cultural Services Regulating Services Spiritual Aesthetic Educational Recreation Climate Regulation Flood Regulation Water Purification Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,

6 Making a case for Ecosystems Ecosystem-Based Adaptation (EBA) is: the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people and communities adapt to the negative effects of climate change at local, national, regional and global levels. 6

7 UNEP s work on EbA Coastal Zones & SIDS Mountains Food Security River Basins Urban Areas 7

8 Ecosystem Based Adaptation in Mountain Ecosystems: Nepal, Peru & Uganda Budget: EUR11.5M for 4 years (

9 Objectives of our work To explore what Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) means for Mountain communities; To have better understanding of the vulnerabilities of these communities; To map the critical ecosystems services & link to climate risk; To explore what is needed to promote uptake of EbA at all levels.

10 What we are doing The development of decision making tools for EbA for assessing ecosystem resilience (VIAs); Field testing the tools in the pilot countries; Making investments in and building capacity for EbA at select demonstration sites, and Establishing the economic benefits and financial costs of EbA, to guide national policies.

11 Inter-connectivity with PAs Ecosystems People Governance 11

12 Where we work

13 Nepal Location: Panchase

14 Panchase Forest Protected area gazetted in 2012 Sub-tropical & temperate vegetation Altitude varies between 1,450m 2,250masl

15 Panchase Forest PA The protected area has a Category II status: Large natural or near natural areas set aside to protect large-scale ecological processes, along with the complement of species and ecosystems characteristic of the area, which also provide a foundation for environmentally and culturally compatible spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational and visitor opportunities. Area: sq km 15

16 Panchase Protected Area Forest

17 Communities within the buffer zones

18 gricultural activities in VDCs

19 Examples of degradation Community participation in management

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21 Some interventions & results Ecosystem restoration esp. in buffer zone Water conservation & River bank management Livelihoods diversification EbA mainstreaming in forestry management policy Identification of Green-Gray options 21

22 Peru Location: Nor Yauyos Cochas Landscape Reserve (NYCLR)

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24 The NYCLR The protected area has a Category V status: A protected area where the interaction of people and nature over time has produced an area of distinct character with significant ecological, biological, cultural and scenic value: and where safeguarding the integrity of this interaction is vital to protecting and sustaining the area and its associated nature conservation and other values. Area: 2,213 sq km 24

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26 Communities within NYCLR

27 Grassland zone

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30 Some interventions & results Ecosystem restoration esp. in old terraces Grassland & livestock management Livelihoods diversification (Vicuna) EbA mainstreamed into regional CC strategy (Junin) Actions from NYCR included in SERNANP Parks National Management Plan 30

31 Uganda Location: Mount. Elgon

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33 Mount Elgon The protected area has a Category II status: Large natural or near natural areas set aside to protect large-scale ecological processes, along with the complement of species and ecosystems characteristic of the area, which also provide a foundation for environmentally and culturally compatible spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational and visitor opportunities. Area: 169 sq km 33

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35 Uganda Location: Mount. Elgon

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37 Some interventions & results Ecosystem restoration esp. in Mt. Elgon National Park Land management for restoration of ecosystem services Livelihoods diversification (No-regrets Action) Use of Green-Gray combo as EbA options Setting up of local adaptation fund with EbA Options 37

38 What do we know from experience? 38

39 Some thoughts & lessons learnt Scale of intervention is critical EbA has demonstrated upstream-downstream linkages Benefit-sharing particularly critical for improved livelihoods Ownership is important at all levels In ALL sites water plays key role as catalyst for participation Community interactions with PAs are site specific 39

40 Synergies with other approaches Overlaps with disaster risk management, community based natural resource management, REDD+, Mix of human needs & environmental sustainability Strong local-level & Policy synergies Adapted from Midgley et al. 2012

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43 Thanks to contributing teams HQ: Keith Alverson, Ed Barrow (IUCN), Ali Raza (IUCN), Caroline Petersen (UNDP), Tine Rossing (UND) & Ninni Ikkala (UNDP) Asia team: Babu Alam & Pragyaja Y Rai (and many others) Africa team: Richard Munang &Paul Nteza (and many others) Latin America team: Silvia Giada & Edith Fernandez-Baca (and many others) BMUB: Karen Tscherning & Felix Ries 43

44 Thank you Obrigado Please check out our websites: and on Contacts: 44