Klemen Božnik, dipl. mikrobiol. (UN). Mikrobiologija kot vir težav in rešitev na golf igriščih
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1 Klemen Božnik, dipl. mikrobiol. (UN). Mikrobiologija kot vir težav in rešitev na golf igriščih
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3 Naš planet
4 Življenje je staro okoli 3,5 milijarde let
5 Življenje se je razvilo
6 1676, Anton van Leeuwenhoek st%20microscope.jpg JI/AAAAAAAAANA/BGmAYYDsjs8/s320/lactobacillus_2.jpg
7 Mikroorganizmi na splošno Prisotni skoraj povsod Izmed? vrst je patogenih procentualno malo Že v našem telesu jih je 10x več od nas samih Koristni mikroorganizmi so imunski sistem sveta!
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11 Tehnologija efektivnih mikroorganizmov Prof. dr. Teruo Higa Cca. pred 30 leti Izkoristimo koristne mikrobe!
12 Kako funkcionirajo Efektivni Mikroorganizmi
13 Mlečnokislinske bakterije Rod Lactobacillus - fakultativni anaerobi Proizvajajo mlečno kislino, antibiotične spojine Pospešujejo razkroj organske mase
14 Kvasovke Lahko so aerobne ali anaerobne Proizvajajo AK, protimikrobne snovi, hormone, encime..
15 Fotosintetske bakterije Širok spekter metabolizma R. Sphaeroides ima zelo raznolike metabolne poti fotosintezo, litotrofijo, aerobno in anaerobno respiracijo. Lahko fiksira dušik, sintetizira klorofile, heme in vitamin B12
16 Principi delovanja
17 Fermentacija Gnitje Razkroj sladkorjev CO, CH4 Z LAB nastaja mlečna kislina Razkroj beljakovin Amonijak, hlapne organske spojine Razkroj beljakovin Amonijak, hlapne organske spojine Med povzročitelji gnitja tudi patogeni npr. Clostridium botulinum
18 Izpodrivanje patogenih MO Kaj je patogen? Zakaj je patogen? Podpora obstoječi koristni mikrobni združbi
19 Koristni mikroorganizmi v tleh pomagajo rastlini do hranil stimulirajo rast (hormoni) izboljšujejo strukturo zemlje akumulirajo ali sproščajo hranila sodelujejo v boju proti patogenom
20 Takashi K. in sod., Kyusei natural farming and the technology of effective microorganisms. International nature farming research center, Atami, Japonska
21 Tipi tal glede na mikrobiologijo* Bolezni spodbujajoča Bolezni zavirajoča Fermentativna Sintetska Kompozitna * Po prof.dr. Higa
22 Bolezni spodbujajoča - Patogeni v velikem številu - Dodatek organske mase z veliko dušika > smrad - Razvoj ličink škodljivcev - Slaba rast rastlin in velike zahteve po FFS in mineralnih gnojilih
23 Bolezni zavirajoča - Prisotni mikrobi izrivajo patogene - Organska masa se hitro razgradi, brez neprijetnih vonjav - Pojav škodljivcev je minimalen - Donos na takih tleh bi bil lahko boljši
24 Fermentativna - Mikrobi v takih tleh proizvajajo veliko AK, vitaminov, rastnih hormonov - Dobro zadržujejo vodo in in imajo razpoložljiva hranila
25 Sintetska - Veliko fiksatorjev dušika in fotosintetskih mikrobov - Manjše količine organske snovi pri konstantni vlagi še izboljšajo pogoje v tleh
26 Humus Iz huminskih substanc Počasi razgradljiv Pomemben element zdravih tal Organska gnojila ohranjajo pozitivno bilanco humusa Uničevanje humusa s 'kemijo' Aktinobakterije, ključne za izgradnjo humusa potrebujejo ph med 6.0 in 7.5
27 Mikrobno bogata tla živa tla so zdrava tla Povečana absorbcija N P K Humusne substance pospešujejo razkroj toksinov Ohranjevanje temperature tal
28 Melendrez M.M, nedatirano,. The nuts and bolts of humus and humic acids, dostopno na:
29 Mineralna gnojila Organska gnojila Pospešujejo razgradnjo humusa Zakisajo tla Povečanje nitratov in nitritov v rastlinah Izboljšujejo fizikalne lastnosti zemlje Izboljšujejo biologijo v tleh d=rja&ved=0cfmqfjafobq&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.agrimac.com.au%2ffiles%2ffertilisers%2520%26%2520chemicals%2520- %2520organic%2520%26%2520inorganic%2520options.pdf&ei=UjZ0Uv HcJer44QST_oGoDw&usg=AFQjCNEjkuqgzjME8spbx33pQQVFJ3BD Zw&bvm=bv ,d.bGE E. K. Bunemann, G. D. Schwenke, and L. Van Zwieten Impact of agricultural inputs on soil organisms a review, Australian Journal of Soil Research, 2006, 44,
30 FFS Lahko slabšajo fiksacijo dušika Lahko imajo negativen vpliv na populacije mikroorganizmov Bioakumulacija v prehranski verigi Zelo široka paleta vplivov! Kaj pa zdravje vzdrževalcev in igralcev? Prilagoditve na FFS V 90% vseh vzorcev v ZDA so ostanki FFS Rockets, Rusty (June 8, 2007), Down On The Farm? Yields, Nutrients And Soil Quality. Scienceagogo.com. Retrieved on September 15, Palmer, WE, Bromley, PT, and Brandenburg, RL. Wildlife & pesticides - Peanuts. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. Retrieved on Seymour N.,Impacts of pesticides and fertilisers on soil biota Gilliom, RJ, Barbash, JE, Crawford, GG, Hamilton, PA, Martin, JD, Nakagaki, N, Nowell, LH, Scott, JC, Stackelberg, PE, Thelin, GP, and Wolock, DM (February 15, 2007), The Quality of our nation s waters: Pesticides in the nation s streams and ground water, Chapter 1, Page 4. US Geological Survey. Retrieved on September 13, 2007.
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32 Uporaba EM je kompatibilna s herbicidi, pesticidi in mineralnimi gnojili.
33 Rastlina kot življenjski prostor Filosfera Rizosfera
34 Patogeni rastlin Virusi Bakterije Glive
35 Dollar spot Sclerotinia homeocarpa Fairy ring razne višje glive (gobe) Ožig - Pythium aphanidermatum Rje- Puccinia spp. Take all patch - Gaeumannomyces graminis Brown Patch - Rhizoctonia solani P. K. Dhakephalkar et.al., 2007, Antifungal lactic acid bacteria with potential to prolong shelf-life of fresh vegetables, Journal of applied microbiology R.J. Kremer et. al., Undated, Control of S. homeocarpa in turfgrass using effective microorganisms. US department of agriculture, University of Missouri
36 Thatch Odmrla trava Otežuje prehod FFS, gnojil, vode Okolje za razvoj mikroorganizmov- kakšnih?
37 Chujo S., 2009, EM application for black layer and thatch on the golf course, unpublished
38 Black layer Anaeroben del prsti Obarvajo ga metabolni produkti sulfatnih reducentov H2S Žveplo v mineralnih gnojilih!
39 Chujo S., 2009, EM application for black layer and thatch on the golf course, unpublished
40 Razlitje mineralnih olj Z mašenjem por zaduši rastlino Vsebuje težke kovine, težko razgradljive ogljikovodike Onesnaži podtalnico
41 Škodljivci Čili: mravlje,uši Česen: mravlje, uši, gosenice, koloradski hrošč, bela muha, kapusov belin, pršice Natural Pesticides No. TNP3, 2000, HDRA - the organic organisation, Ryton Organic Gardens Coventry,
42 Vodna telesa Pojav alg ali cianobakterij zaradi evtrofikacije - kvari izgled, neprijetne vonjave..
43 arhiv podjetja
44 arhiv podjetja
45 arhiv podjetja
46 arhiv podjetja
47 arhiv podjetja
48 arhiv podjetja
49 Kompostiranje Klasično kompostiranje pohitri kompostiranje preko fermentacije Priprava kompostnih čajev: - Poživi mikrobe - Koristi rastlinam - Vračanje organske snovi, hranil, humusa
50 Mineralizacija dušika, vir hranil za rastline temno zelena trata Če pustimo, da se sesekljana trava reciklira je trata na izgled podobna, kot če bi jo gnojili s 100 kg N na ha. rjava trata Stopar D., Kroženje Dušikaa Predavanja, neobjavljeno 50
51 Prednosti kompostiranja z EM Hitreje do kvalitetnega vira organske mase večkrat v sezoni Enostavneje Več ohranjenih hranil
52 Pa deluje?
53 Harding park, SF
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57 Real Aero club de Vigo
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59 Golf Balneario de Mondariz
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61 Hvala za pozornost Vprašanja?
62 Micronatura, tehnologija EM d.o.o. Milje Visoko Slovenija w: Greenland Technologia EM Sp. z o.o. Trzcianki Janowiec n. Wisłą Polska / Poland W:
Prof. Teruo Higa Chairman of board of Greenland Technologia EM Sp. z o.o., founder of EM Technology
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