regon Agricultural Commodities

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1 I regon Agricultural Commodities Farm Values and Processed Values H Extension Service and Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University

2 Our cover: For this edition, we feature Oregon green snap beans the fresh beans that leave the farmer's gate and the bags of frozen beans that customers find in markets. Oregon ranks second in the U. S. in the production of green snap beans, and almost all of it is processed (page 15).

3 Oregon Agricultural Commodities: Farm Values and Processed Values S.D. Miles Cash sales from Oregon farms and ranches were $2.0 billion in Total cash farm receipts have shown dramatic increases current sales are about double the values of 10 years ago. These figures need to be tempered by the fact that prices paid by farmers and inflation in our economy also have nearly doubled in this period. These increased dollar values are derived primarily from increases in crop sales. In 1987, crops accounted for 66% of total sales; in 1971, this figure was 53%. You'll find the proportional increases in each commodity grouping's summary table, which appears first in each section. The importance of agriculture in Oregon's economy is dramatized by the farm sales value, which is now $2 billion annually. In addition, estimates show $1.05 billion value added to farm products by first handlers in processing and/or handling. While the term "value added" is used in this report, the dollar figures received from the processors include purchased items such as packaging materials, fuel used in transportation, etc. The component figures presented here do not represent values all the way through the marketing chain (these are not estimates of wholesale or retail values). The data for this report come from a combination of sources. The "farm gate" values are figures the OSU Extension Service gathers each year in cooperation with the Oregon Agricultural Statistics Service. "Farm gate" means the dollars farmers and ranchers receive for the sale of raw commodities from their operations. With these cash receipts, operators must pay their operating expenses, family living expenses, etc. OSU's Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics conducted a survey to gather dollar values for processing and handling of agricultural commodities. Survey forms were sent to processors and handlers. The form asked for data on the costs for payroll, packaging materials, and other expenses for each commodity. Data from this survey are summarized by commodity throughout the following pages. The value added by processing and handling varies greatly from one commodity to another. Fruits and vegetables tend to be more highly processed compared with wheat, which is mostly transported to Portland for the export market. Fruits, nuts, and vegetables together accounted for 3 /i of the value added by processing and handling for all crops and livestock products. The Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics has published reports concerning value added information at 4- to 5-year intervals. Summary tables compare the current survey results with those of previous reports. Stanley D. Miles, Extension economist, Oregon State University. This publication is a revision of Special Report 533.

4 Commodity summaries Agricultural sales from Oregon's farms and ranches 2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 1,400 1,300 1,200 Millions U 00 of dollars 1, / / -Tota 1 sales / / / f Cro] 3 sales / r / _> /^ -** -' / / / y /,'" Livestock sales ^ s^\ / *.-' '' L-^ t,'', * * 1 *«..,.-. t / / r - "^ «* * -.,..' - 1 " Years t

5 Oregon farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing, by commodity groups, 1987 (dollars x $1000) Income Value added by processing.a Total Commodity received Packaging processed groups by producers Payroll materials Other" Total value Livestock products Meat animals $ 389,951 $ 11,635 $ 4,613 $ 16,916 $ 33,164 $ 423,115 Dairy products 183,213 20,469 12,043 30,560 63, ,285 Poultry and eggs 61,487 13,030 4,814 8,222 26,066 87,553 Other livestock 44, ,970 and products Total livestock 678,783 45,714 21,470 55, , ,923 Crops Grain and hay 249,435 20,700 28,140 48, ,275 Fruits and nuts 193,312 54,410 44, , , ,328 Vegetables 263, ,261 91, , , ,687 Other crops 617,954 83,570 6,580 72, , ,384 Total crops 1,324, , , , ,595 2,251,674 All commodities $2,002, ,655 $163,667 $539,413 $1,050,735 $3,053,597 "Includes all the activities performed by processors or first handlers, such as meat packers, canners, freezers or simply cleaning, grading, and sacking as in the case of grass seeds. It also includes delivery when generally practiced and costs associated with selling the product. It does not include wholesaling and retailing. ""Includes all items not previously accounted for, such as depreciation, utilities, repairs, insurance, supplies, licenses, rent, taxes, bad-debt loss, and profit or margin to the processing firm.

6 Farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processors, by commodity groups, 1987 Crops Farm sales 66% Value added 88% Total processed value Live- $ stock Million 34% $2,003 12% 1,051 $3,054 Value added Farm value [ Millions of dollars Crops Vegetables Livestock and poultry Poultry and eggs Grains and hay Dairy products Fruits and nuts Other crops Meat animals Other products

7 Oregon farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing for livestock and crops, selected years (dollars x $1,000) Years % Change Commodity groups Livestock Farm and ranch sales $276,021 $ 362,110$ 582,310$ 678, Value added from processing... 89,815 86, , , Total 365, , , , Crops Farm and ranch sales 311, ,825 1,149,240 1,324, Valueadded from processing , , , , Total 547,418 1,119,120 1,832,180 2,251, Totals Farm and ranch sales 587,526 1,057,935 1,731,550 2,002, Valueadded from prpcessing , , ,761 1,050, Total $913,254 $1,567,340 $2,519,311 $3,053,

8 Meat animals Receipts from the sale of meat animals for 1987 were $390 million, an increase of about 121 % from Cattle and calves are by far the most significant in farm sales value of all the livestock categories, with receipts of $340 million. Sheep and hogs each accounted for $20 to $25 million. Handling and processing values beyond the farm gate for meat animals are relatively small. Value added ($33 million) is proportionally less than for most other commodity groupings, because many beef animals are shipped out of state for feeding prior to slaughter. The meatpacking and marketing business has seen significant change in the last 10 to 15 years. Oregon now brings in from other states a larger proportion of its fresh and processed meats. In 1987, Oregon meatpacking plants slaughtered about one-fourth the pounds of meat animals they handled in The cattle and calf business continues to be one of Oregon's most significant agricultural enterprises primarily because of the state's vast range resources, but sheep and hog numbers have trended downward. One of the drawbacks to feeding cattle and hogs in the state is the lack of local feed grain production. Cattle feeding in Oregon is closely linked with the supply of byproduct feeds from the agricultural processing industry in the state. Sheep slaughter in Oregon in 1987 was about 3% of the state's total production of sheep and lambs. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,000. Total received by producers for all meat animals $389,951 Total value added through packing and delivery in Oregon 33,164 Total received by producers plus value added through packing and delivery in Oregon $423,115 Received by producers Cattle and calves $340,000 Sheep and lambs 25,000 Hogs 24,951 Total received by producers $389,951 Received by producers for livestock slaughtered in Oregon (value/cwt; live weight x lbs. slaughtered) Cattle($57.80 x 61,637,000) $ 35,626 Calves($76.00 x 2,959,000) 2,249 Sheep and lambs ($70.95 x 82,200) 583 Hogs($53.20 X 42,126,000) 22,411 Total received by producers for slaughtered livestock... $ 60,869 Value added through packing and processing 8 Payroll $ 6,587 Packing materials 4,613 Other 6,668 Total value added through packing and delivery $ 17,868 Value added through transportation and handling of livestock not slaughtered Labor $ 5,048 Other 10,248 Value added in transportation and handling $ 15,296 "Value-added estimates are based on calculations in 1986 Annual Financial Review of the Meal Packing Industry, published by the American Meat Institute.

9 Meat animals farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing in Oregon, selected years (dollars X 1,000) Years % Change, Item Cash receipts Value added Total $176,810 37,889 $214,699 $202,590 $310,710 $389, % 33,280 29,991 33,164-12% $235,870 $340,701 $423,115 97% Dairy products The value of milk sold by Oregon dairy farmers has remained fairly constant over the last 5 years. Cash receipts to dairy farmers now total about $183 million: 60% of the milk is sold as fluid product, and 40% is processed into cheese, butter, ice cream, etc. The number of dairy cows had shown a downward trend over the years, from more than 200,000 in 1945 to slightly more than 90,000 head in Milk production has been fairly constant because of increased production per cow. With new technology and increases in prices paid by all farmers, production costs have shown substantial increases in the dairy business. Given the changing technology, efficiencies are being achieved in the processing and handling of milk and milk products. Because of this, processing costs (even with inflation) have shown only a gradual increase. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,000.

10 Total received by producers for sales of milk $183,213 Total value added by processing and distribution 63,072 Total value of milk and milk products to market $246,285 Milk, 1987 Total cwt sold, $12.70 Received by producers $183,213 Value added by processing and distribution Payroll $20,469 Packaging materials 12,043 Other 30,560 Total 63,072 Value ofmilk and milk products delivered to market $246,285 Dairy products farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing in Oregon, selected years (dollars x 1,000) Years % Change Item Cash receipts $61,137 $ 98,000 $188,020 $183, % Value added 38,600 37,740 56,400 63,072 63% Total $99,737 $135,740 $244,420 $246, % Poultry and eggs Egg production, with sales of S25 million, accounts for the largest share of farm sales in the Oregon poultry industry. Broiler production is second, with farm sales of $22 million. The poultry and egg business in Oregon now generates $87 million annually in processed products, an increase of more than 90% since While turkey hatching-egg production has dropped off significantly, other types of poultry production have shown stability or gradual growth trends. The poultry and egg industry is characterized by relatively large specialized operations. This sector has taken advantage of efficiencies and economies of size that have resulted in lower-cost products for consumers. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,

11 Total received by producers $61,487 Total value added in processing 26,066 Total value after processing and delivery $87,553 Broilers, 1987 Number of head sold $1.32 Received by producers $22,372 Value added by processing and delivery Payroll $7,140 Packaging materials 1,790 Other 2,970 Total value added 11,900 Total value after processing and delivery $34,272 Turkeys, 1987 Number of head sold $6.80 Received by producers $12,526 Value added by processing and distribution Payroll $2,510 Packaging materials 1,120 Other 1,950 Total value added 5,580 Total value after processing and delivery $18,106 Eggs, 1987 Dozens sold 46.2 cents Received by producers $24,580 Value added by processing and distribution Payroll $2,930 Packaging materials 1,704 Other 2,942 Total value added 7,576 Total value after processing and delivery $32,156 Other poultry products, 1987 a Received by producers $ 2,009 Value added by processing and distribution Payroll $ 450 Packaging materials 200 Other 360 Total value added 1,010 Total value after processing and delivery $ 3,019 "Cull layers and turkey eggs. Poultry and eggs farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing in Oregon, selected years (dollars x 1,000) Years % Change Item Cash receipts $32,543 $50,440 $59,380 $61,487 89% Value added 13,026 14,770 18,010 26, % Total $45,569 $65,210 $77,390 $87,553 92% 11

12 Fruits and nuts In 1987, growers received about $193 million for their fruit and nut crops. The total value added to these products from processing, packing, and other first-step marketing services was just over $248 million, a 130% increase over the farm-gate value. The total value of Oregon processed fruit and nut products in 1987 was more than $441 million, a 200% increase over The Oregon fruit and nut industry has become very specialized with production concentrated in specific areas. Pears, the largest total-dollarvolume fruit crop, are produced primarily in the Medford and Hood River areas. Some additional pear production comes from the Willamette Valley area. The second highest totaldollar-volume crop is cherries. They are produced for processing in the Willamette Valley and The Dalles. Cherries for fresh market are produced primarily in the Milton- Freewater area. The Dalles, Hood River, and Cove. Strawberries, which rank third, are grown primarily in the Willamette Valley. Fourth-ranked in 1987 was Hazelnuts (filberts) with farm sales of nuts at $20.6 million. The sales of these nuts have grown dramatically from $7.8 million in The fifth ranked fruit and nut crop, by total dollar volume, is apples. Production is spread around the state, with the Hood River area being the most specialized. The wine grape business is becoming a more significant part of agriculture. While these grapes had only a $4.7 million farm gate value, value added was $21.1 million. This is one of the highest valueadded commodities in this survey. Other top value added commodities have experienced increases in their valueadded percentages in the last few years. Pears had a value added by processing and packing of 215% in Prunes have a dramatic value added ratio of 3.5 times farm gate values. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,

13 Total received by producers $193,312 Total value added in processing 248,016 Total value after processing and delivery $441,328 Strawberries, 1987 Total pounds sold 33.7 cents Received by producers $ 31,520 Payroll $ 6,930 Packaging materials 3,780 Other 12,610 Total value added 23,320 Total value after processing and handling $ 54,840 Pears, 1987 Total tons sold $192 Received by producers $ 43,868 Value added by processing and packing Payroll $13,160 Packaging materials 19,740 Other 61,420 Total value added 94,320 Total value after processing and packing $138,188 Sweet cherries, 1987 Total tons sold $670 Received by producers $ 33,493 Value added by processing and packing Payroll $10,380 Packaging materials 5,020 Other 20,100 Total value added 35,500 Total value after processing and packing $ 68,993 Apples, 1987 Boxes sold, fresh and for processing $2.30 Received by producers $ 11,145 Value added by processing and packing Payroll $ 7,330 Packaging materials 4,890 Other 12,220 Total value added 24,440 Total value after processing and delivery $ 35,585 Cranberries, 1987 Total barrels produced $53 Received by producers $ 7,646 Value added by handling and transportation Payroll $ 350 Other 510 Total value added 860 Total value after handling and delivery $ 8,506 Peaches, pound boxes sold $13.20 Received by producers $ 3,847 Value added by packing and distribution Payroll $ 190 Other 190 Total value added 380 Total value after packing and delivery $ 4,227 13

14 Hazelnuts, 1987 Total tons sold $880 Received by producers $ 20,554 Payroll $ 3,906 Packaging materials 643 Other 10,470 Total value added 15,019 Total value after processing $ 35,573 Plums and prunes, 1987 Total tons sold $151 Received by producers $ 2,571 Payroll $ 1,160 Packaging materials 3,340 Other 4,630 Total value added 9,130 Total value after processing $ 11,701 Other berries, 1987 a Received by producers $ 32,778 Payroll $ 6,560 Packaging materials 3,610 Other 12,460 Total value added 22,630 Total value after processing and handling $ 55,408 "Blackberries, raspberries, boysenberries, loganberries, and blueberries. Wine grapes, 1987 Total tons sold $589 Received by producers $ 4,675 Value added by processing Payroll $ 4,074 Packaging materials 3,020 Other 14,053 Total value added 21,147 Total value after processing $ 25,822 Other fruits and nuts, 1987 b Received by producers $ 1,215 Payroll $ 370 Packaging materials 180 Other 720 Total value added 1,270 Total value after processing and handling $ 2,485 Walnuts, apricots, tart cherries and misc. Fruits and nuts farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing in Oregon, selected years (dollars x 1,000) Years "lo Change Item Cash receipts $ 60,191 $ 90,600 $139,030 $193, % Value added 88, , , , % Total $149,094 $191,150 $333,370 $441, % 14

15 Vegetables Oregon has a good reputation for producing high quality vegetables for both fresh and processed markets. A very large portion of most crops is processed. Oregon ranks second nationally in the production of snap beans, fourth in sween corn, and fifth in potatoes. Vegetable production has increased over the past 20 years, and Oregon's share of the processed vegetable market has been maintained. In 1987, growers received a total of almost $263 million for their vegetables. Total value added in processing and handling was about $468 million, a 178% increase in value above the farm-gate level. With the exception of onions, which are mostly sold fresh, the vegetable crops in 1987 had value added in processing and handling well over 100% of the farm-gate value. Most of the commodities had similar percentage increases compared to the 1983 period. The exceptions were green peas, cucumbers, and beets. In the case of green peas, the value added from processing was $29.7 million, a 340% increase over the grower value. The value added to cucumbers by processing and handling was 322% above farm value in That compared to a 206% increase in In 1987, the farm value for cucumbers was $4.9 million, while value added was $15.8 million. Of special interest are beets. In the period, about 400% was added to the grower value of beets in processing operations. The growers' value was about $2 million, while the value added was about $7.9 million. By 1987, that increase was approaching 700%. The grower value was just over $2.0 million. At the same time, the value added from processing had increased to over $14.8 million. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by

16 Total received by producers $263,378 Total value added by processing andhandling 468,309 Total value of processed and packaged vegetables $731,687 Potatoes, 1987 Total cwt produced, fresh and for processing $3.00 Received by producers $ 78,124 Value added by handling and/or processing Payroll $61,329 Packaging materials 18,249 Other 71,443 Total value added 151,021 Total value of processed and packed crop $229,145 Onions, 1987 Total cwt sold $8.55 Received by producers $ 62,769 Value added by grading, sacking, and handling Payroll $ 9,296 Packaging materials 5,451 Other 8,136 Total value added 22,883 Total value after processing and handling $ 85,652 Sweet corn, 1987 Tons sold for processing $64.20 Received by producers $ 22,077 Value added by processing Payroll $15,450 Packaging materials 16,550 Other 39,730 Total value added 71,730 Total value after processing $ 93,807 Snap beans, 1987 Tons sold for processing $178 Received by producers $20,993 Value added by processing Payroll $15,740 Packaging materials 14,700 Other 37,790 Total value added 68,230 Total value after processing $ 89,223 Green peas, 1987 Total tons sold $200 Received by producers $ 8,724 Value added by processing Payroll $ 5,230 Packaging materials 6,110 Other 18,320 Total value added 29,660 Total value after processing $ 38,384 16

17 Cauliflower, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and for processing), 25,490 Received by producers $ 7,534 Value added by processing and/or handling Payroll $ 4,020 Packaging materials 2,810 Other 9,300 Total value added 16,130 Total value after processing and packaging $ 23,664 Cucumbers, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and processed), 35,780 Received by producers $ 4,902 Payroll $ 5,491 Packaging materials 3,646 Other 6,626 Total value added 15,763 Total value after processing and handling $ 20,665 Broccoli, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and processed), 15,740 Received by producers $ 6,130 Payroll $ 4,290 Packaging materials 3,060 Other 9,810 Total value added 17,160 Total value after processing and handling $ 23,290 Carrots, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and processed), 19,050 Received by producers $ 3,471 Payroll $ 1,750 Packaging materials 1,910 Other 5,210 Total value added 8,870 Total value after processing and handling $ 12,341 Squash and pumpkins, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and processed), 41,750 Received by producers $ 4,138 Payroll $ 6,620 Packaging materials 6,210 Other 9,100 Total value added 21,930 Total value after processing and handling $ 26,068 Cabbage, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and processed), 12,920 Received by producers $ 2,148 Payroll $ 1,965 Packaging materials 1,348 Other 2,669 Total value added 5,982 Total value after processing and handling $ 8,130 17

18 Beets, 1987 Total tons sold (fresh and processed), 32,425 Received by producers $ 2,123 Payroll $ 2,020 Packaging materials 5,310 Other 7,430 Total value added 14,760 Total value after processing and handling $ 16,883 Other vegetables, 1987 a Received by producers $ 40,245 Payroll $10,060 Packaging materials 6,040 Other 8,090 Total value added 24,190 Total value after processing and handling $ 64,435 'Fresh sweet corn, fresh snap beans, dry peas, dry beans, radishes, asparagus, tomatoes, spinach, lettuce, cantaloupe, watermelon, rhubarb, garlic, rutabaga, mushrooms, lima beans, and miscellaneous. Vegetables farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing in Oregon, selected years (dollars x 1,000) Years % Change Item Cash receipts S 72,378 $155,255 $221,610 $263, % Value added 119, , , , % Total $191,683 $416,060 $584,270 $731, % 18 Grain and hay Wheat is the highest farm gate value crop produced in Oregon. In recent years, production has been 50 to 60 million bushels, with over 85% being exported. Hay is the second most valuable crop, but of the three million tons produced, only about 930,000 tons are sold. The rest of the hay is fed on the farms and ranches where it is produced. Cash receipts from hay and grain sales for 1987 were $249 million, a 34% decrease since The decrease comes mainly from lower wheat prices. (These dollar values do not include government payments, which were significant for wheat in 1987.) Other crops in this grouping include barley (which has shown declining acreage in the last 15 years), oats, and smaller acreage of rye and corn for grain and silage. Oregon is not known for its feed grain and silage production. Value added to the crops in this section comes primarily from transportation and handling... although there is some wheat milling and forage processing (pellets and cubes) in the state. The percentage increases in value added have changed dramatically over recent years. Production is much greater and value added costs have increased proportionally more than crop prices. Also, the value added estimate for wheat for 1987 includes transportation to the Port of Portland for the amount exported. More of the hay for sale in recent years has been produced in concentrated areas and hauled longer distances. For example, some of the hay grown in Hermiston is trucked to Tillamook. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,000.

19 Total received by producers' $249,435 Total value added by processing 48,840 Total value after processing and delivery $298,275 Wheat, 1987 Total bushels sold $2.70 Received by producers $138,900 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $10,290 Other 15,430 Total value added 25,720 Value of crop delivered to market $ 164,620 Barley, 1987 Total bushels sold $ 1.90 Received by producers $ 26,150 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 1,540 Other 2,310 Total value added 3,850 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 30,000 Hay, 1987 Total tons sold $67 Received by producers $ 62,498 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 7,470 Other 8,400 Total value added 15,870 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 78,368 'Does not include any government payments. Oats, 1987 Total bushels sold $1.70 Received by producers $ 6,935 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 240 Other 370 Total value added 610 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 7,545 Corn, 1987 Total bushels sold $2.05 Received by producers $ 6,177 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 270 Other 400 Total value added 670 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 6,847 Other grain and forage, 1987 Received by producers $ 8,775 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 890 Other 1,230 Total value added 2,120 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 10,895 19

20 Grain and hay farm and ranch commodity sales and value added by processing in Oregon, selected years (dollars x 1,000) Years % Change Item Cash receipts $83,201 $231,700 $379,230 $249, % Value added 10,719 26,380 44,280 48, % Total $93,920 $258,080 $423,510 $298, % Other crops The "Other Crops" listed in this section are becoming increasingly important in Oregon. This category has shown significant and steady gains over the last 10 years. Grass and legume seed crops now generate $170 million in farm sales annually. Nursery and greenhouse production has shown dramatic increases in the last few years, primarily in the northern Willamette Valley. Farm value is now over $200 million and increasing. The value of timber cut on farms and small woodlots also is increasing with improved management techniques and higher prices. Mint production had been increasing because of recently higher prices to the point of generating farm value of $40 million in Oregon produces more than 50% of the peppermint oil in the United States. Of the other crops in this group, hop production has been increasing in recent years; Christmas trees have shown steadily increasing production, with good markets in California and other states. Sugar beet production is quite stable with production only in Malheur county because of access to a processing plant. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,

21 Total received by producers $617,954 Total value added by processing 162,430 Total value after processing and handling $780,384 Grass and legume seeds, 1987' Received by producers 5173,067 Value added by cleaning, sacking, and handling Payroll $11,250 Packaging materials 6,580 Other 22,150 Total 39,980 Valueofcropdelivered to market $213,047 Nursery, greenhouse, and specialty horticulture, 1987 Received by producers $207,710 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $11,420 Other 9,350 Total value added 20,770 Value ofcrop delivered to market $228,480 Farm forestry, 1987 Received by producers $ 104,060 Value added by processing and/or exporting Payroll $43,710 Other 29,130 Total value added 72,840 Value of timber, processed or at export $176,900 "Bentgrass, bluegrass, chewings fescue, tall fescue, red fescue, all ryegrass, orchardgrass, hairy vetch, crimson clover, red clover, alfalfa, white clover, and miscellaneous grass seeds. Mint, 1987 Pounds of oil sold $12.50 Received by producers $ 31,939 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 1,920 Other 1,270 Total value added 3,190 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 35,129 Sugar beets, 1987 Total tons sold $36 Received by producers $ 15,300 Value added by transportation, storage and processing Payroll $ 6,140 Other 4,610 Total value added 10,750 Value of processed crop $ 26,050 Hops, 1987 Pounds sold $1.80 Received by producers $ 15,840 Value added by handling and storage Payroll $ 790 Other 480 Total value added 1,270 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 17,110 21

22 Christinas trees, 1987 Trees sold $9.10 Received by producers $ 48,250 Value added by transportation and handling Payroll $ 5,940 Other 3,550 Total value added 9,490 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 57,740 Miscellaneous field crops, 1987 b Received by producers $ 21,788 Payroll $ 2,400 Other 1,740 Total value added 4,140 Value of processed products $ 25,928 Sugar beet seed, vegetable and flower seeds, radish seed, mint root stock, dill for oil, and miscellaneous. Miscellaneous livestock Although the amount of wool sold in Oregon in 1987 was down about 15% from 1983, a somewhat higher price more than compensated and returned a few more dollars to sheep producers. In light of the continuing decline in Oregon sheep numbers, the relative constancy of the wool crop size implies higher per-head wool weights and improved marketing of the crop. The value of Oregon's 1987 mink sales was substantially higher than the 1983 average, a result of both a larger number of pelts sold and a higher price to growers. The value of farm and ranch sales of Oregon horses alone in 1987 was twice what the total value of "other livestock and livestock products" was for the period (which included horses). While the estimates are not very precise, llama sales make up most of the other miscellaneous livestock figures. Central Oregon (Redmond area) has become the primary area for production and expertise for Hams in the United States. In the tables that follow, multiply all dollar amounts by 1,

23 Total received by producers $44,132 Total value added by handling 838 Total value after processing and handling $44,970 Wool, 1987 Total pounds sold lit Received by producers $ 2,042 Value added by grading, handling, and marketing (5 cents/lb) Payroll $ 86 Other 58 Total value added _ 144 Value ofcrop delivered to market $ 2,186 Mink, 1987 Number of pelts sold $42 Received by producers S 9,912 Value added by marketing costs (6-8% of farm value) Payroll $494 Other 200 Total value added 694 Value of crop delivered to market $ 10,606 Horses, 1987 Farm and ranch sales $16,400 Honey, 1987 Farm value $ 1,224 Other livestock and livestock products, 1987" Farm and ranch sales $14,554 "Rabbits, hatchery sales, llamas, misc. poultry, and other livestock. Trade-name products are illustrated as examples only. This does not mean that the OSU Extension Service either endorses these products or intends to discriminate against products not mentioned. Extension Service, Oregon State University, Corvallis, O. E. Smith, director. This publication was produced and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, Extension work is a cooperative program of Oregon State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Oregon counties. Oregon State University Extension Service offers educational programs, activities, and materials without regard to race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability as required by Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of Oregon State University Extension Service is an Equal Opportunity Employer. 23

24 Oregon University

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