SEED. About La Crosse Seed

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2 The XL symbol throughout the guide represents blended products that match the Forage First promise. For more forage information and support resources, visit Forage First Our goal with the Forage First portfolio of forage seed is to provide you with a diverse selection of products for producing high quality forage for your livestock and dairy operation. Walk into a field planted with Forage First forage seed and you ll instantly notice lush, productive pastures. That means healthy gains for your animals and land that lives up to its potential. Continual research and development of new varieties ensures the right balance of protein and roughage, recovery, and grazability to suit your animals and your operation. Each top-performing variety is tested on Forage First pastures before they are put to use in yours. Forage First forage seed is the first step toward forage with more profit potential. About Forage First and La Crosse Seed Choosing the Right Alfalfa Alfalfa Characteristics... 6 Alfalfa Varieties Red Clover Other Legumes About La Crosse Seed Cool Season Grasses Forage First Mix Chart Forage First Mixes SucraSeed Pasture Mixes Specialty Forages Summer Annuals Soil First Cover Crop Seed Natives First Native Grasses.& Wildflowers Brier Ridge Food Plot Seed Sweet Corn Inoculants Earth Carpet Turf Mixtures Planting Chart At La Crosse Seed, we have always prided ourselves on being a customer focused company, committed to growing your business. We work hard to have easily accessible, knowledgeable, and friendly sales team members that can work with you to address your specific needs. Our sales team members span the upper Midwest and average 20 years in the seed business. La Crosse Seed uniquely offers our customers a team of Sales Support Specialists to help create even more value to your buying experience. The role of our Sales Support Specialist is to be your personal support person when your sales representative is unavailable. If you need to add to an order, confirm a shipment, or check availability, your SSS (as we call them) is standing by to help. In addition to our professional and high quality product guides, we continue to add technical resources to help with training and education on the seed products that we offer. For specific needs, we are able to coordinate training sessions, not only with our own staff, but with research staff from the seed partners with whom we do business, to ensure your team has the latest information on the trends affecting our industries SEED 3

3 Alfalfa Differences among alfalfa varieties are as great as those in corn and soybean varieties. Choose varieties based on performance rather than price. Older genetics and common varieties can t handle environmental stress as well as the new varieties. yield, persistence, and quality are essential for long stands. With new genetics and cutting-edge technology in the seed industry, growers have more options than ever to choose the best alfalfa varieties for their needs. In general, graze or cut for hay when alfalfa is in early bloom. Graze or cut to about a 2-inch height. Successive cuttings for hay should occur at late bud or early bloom stage. Alfalfa can best withstand grazing if rotated frequently or grazed in small strips. The last cutting of alfalfa should be made 3 to 4 weeks before the first killing frost date. Alfalfa may cause livestock to bloat. Care should be used in managing such grazing to reduce the possibility of this hazard. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winterhardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Fast Varies Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) Mixture (lbs./acre) 8-10 Emergence (Days) 7 Rotational Grazing Potential bloat hazard. Caution when using for grazing. Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut early bloom. Last cutting should be 3-4 weeks before the first killing frost Choosing the Right Alfalfa Yield Potential. Yield is an important consideration when selecting an alfalfa variety. Even small increases in yield can add to the bottom line. Alfalfa needs to perform well for several years. Always use multiyear data from different sources and locations. Winterhardiness (WH). Winterhardiness is rated on a scale of 1-6, with 1 being the most winterhardy. Winterhardiness measures the plant s ability to survive winter without injury. An alfalfa plant that had its fall shoots injured or killed over winter must start over and make new shoots in the spring, which will reduce the first cutting. Alfalfa grown north of I-80 should have a 1-2 WH rating. Pest Resistance. Determine the potential for disease and pests in your fields, and choose varieties with the appropriate resistance. Choose varieties that can resist crown rots, Aphanomyces, Phytophthora root rot, bacterial wilt, Fusarium wilt, Verticillium wilt, and Anthracnose. DRI, the disease resistance index, measures the resistance to the 6 major diseases of alfalfa. A DRI of 30 is the highest. Also select for insect and nematode resistance where necessary. On certain varieties with resistance to Aphanomyces Race 2, the DRI will be out of a total of 35. Fall Dormancy (FD). Fall dormancy indicates the variety s tendency to stop growing in the fall. They range from 1 (very dormant) to 11 ( very non-dormant). The more dormant varieties will be slower to green up in the spring between cuttings, and quicker to stop growing in the fall. The fall dormancy rating is not linked to winterhardiness. Newer genetics are able to produce well into the fall and still survive the winter. Potato Leafhopper Resistant: Recent developments in breeding for PLH-resistant alfalfas have proven to have significant economic benefit to alfalfa growers. The combination of much higher levels of PLH resistance and much improved agronomics in the latest PLH-resistant varieties enables broader adaptation and greater use of resistant alfalfas where producers are unwilling or unable to use insecticides. Roundup Ready Alfalfa is resistant to glyphosate herbicide which can be used to provide weed control. To maximize the benefits of Roundup Ready Alfalfa, glyphosate should be applied to seedling alfalfa at the 3 to 5 trifoliate stage when weeds are less than 4 inches tall. 4 5

4 ALFALFA CHARACTERISTICS Product Winter Fall Dormancy Survival Phytophthora Root Rot Verticillium Wilt Anthracnose Bacterial Wilt Fusarium Wilt Aphanomyces Race 1 Aphanomyces Race 2 FF 42.A HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 FF 42.LH HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 FF Premium HR HR R HR R HR NR NR NR 28/30 FF Pro Brand HR R R R R R NR NR NR 25/30 FSG 229 CR HR HR HR HR HR R NR NR NR 29/30 FSG HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R NR 30/30 FSG 403LR HR HR HR HR R HR R R NR 29/30 FSG 408 DP HR R HR HR HR R NR R NR 28/30 FSG 415 BR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR NR 34/35 FSG 420 LH HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 FSG 423ST HR HR R HR HR R NR R NR 28/30 FSG HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 FSG HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R NR 30/30 WL 343HQ HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 WL 354HQ HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R NR 35/35 WL 358 LH HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 WL 363HQ HR HR HR HR HR HR NR HR NR 30/30 WL 365HQ HR HR HR HR HR HR NR HR NR 30/30 FSG 428RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR HR NR 30/30 FSG 430LH RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R HR 30/30 WL 352LH.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR NR HR 30/30 WL 356HQ.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR R HR 35/35 WL 359LH. RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR R NR 30/30 WL 372HQ.RR HR HR HR HR HR HR NR HR NR 30/30 Conventional Roundup Ready Fall Dormancy Ratings: 1= Most Dormant, 9=Least Dormant Winterhardiness Ratings: 1=Most Hardy, 9=Least Hardy Resistance Ratings: HR=ly Resistant: 51% or more resistant plants, R=Resistant: 31-50% resistant plants, MR=Moderately Resistant: 15-30% resistant plants, LR=Low Resistance: 6-14% resistant plants, S=Susceptible: 0-5% resistant plants, NR=Not Rated Potato Pea Aphid Leafhopper Total DRI FF 42.A2 Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 ly resistant to Aphanomyces Race 2 Very good winterhardiness Top forage yielder against competitive varieties ly resistant to stem nematode Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 1.9 Total DRI 35/35 FF PREMIUM BRAND Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Perfect choice for growers seeking a moderately priced alfalfa disease resistance Widely adapted Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 28/30 Forage First Alfalfa FF 42.LH Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 -yielding, leaf hopper resistant alfalfa Offers dramatic improvements in agronomic performance with or without leafhopper pressure Very high yield potential ly resistant to stem nematode Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 1.9 Not ready to commit to the price of a premium variety but still want most of the benefits? Try out our excellent yielding Premium brand and Pro brand alfalfas. These brands have good disease resistance packages and great genetic history. FF PRO BRAND Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 For the economy-minded grower Designed for sustainable management programs Specifically blended for local adaptation Fall Dormancy 3.0 Winter Survival 2.4 Total DRI 25/30 6 7

5 FSG 403LR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 Superior lodging resistance Maximum forage yield potential forage quality Resistant to Aphanomyces Race 2 Greater standability to mid-bloom FSG 420LH Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 Very high resistance to Potato Leafhoppers Excellent yield potential Great forage quality A widely adapted versatile alfalfa variety Fast recovery after cutting FSG 426 Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 Replaces FSG 424 Alfalfa resistance to Aphanomyces Race 2 Exceptional forage yield potential Superior forage quality multifoliate leaf expression Fall Dormancy 4.5 Fall Dormancy 4.0 Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 29/30 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Winter Survival 2.0 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 35/35 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s FSG 229CR Alfalfa FSG 408DP Alfalfa FSG 423ST Alfalfa FSG 524 Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 ly persistent creeping-rooted alfalfa Excellent drought and wet soil tolerance Multi purpose great for haying or grazing Tough and widely adapted alfalfa Fast recovery after cutting Cutting System: 4-5 Dual purpose alfalfa hay or graze Wide, deep-set crowns Stands up to wheel traffic pressure yield potential Superior winterhardiness and persistence Fast recovery after cutting Cutting System: 4-5 er forage production under saline soil conditions Fine stemmed with superior forage quality Excellent persistence and winterhardiness resistance to stem and Northern Root Knot Nematodes Branch-Rooting system Cutting System: 4-5 Great forage yield potential Superb forage quality Very fast recovery after cutting Excellent winterhardiness and persistence multifoliate leaf expression Fall Dormancy 2.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 29/30 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 1.9 Total DRI 28/30 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 28/30 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Fall Dormancy 5.0 Winter Survival 1.0 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s FSG 329 Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Excellent forage yield potential and quality resistance to stem and Northern root-knot Nematodes Widely adapted Fast recovery after cutting multifoliate leaf expression FSG 415BR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 Branch-Rooting system Resistant to Aphanomyces Race 2 Adapted to variable soil conditions Stands up to wheel traffic pressure yield and quality potential Fall Dormancy 3.0 Winter Survival 2.0 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 Total DRI 34/35 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s 8 9

6 WL 358LH Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Replaces WL 353LH 8th generation potato leafhopper (PLH) resistant variety that is a true no-spray alfalfa; over 90% PLH control with HopperShield protection FSG 428RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 Great forage yield potential Germination salt tolerance multifoliate leaf expression Excellent winterhardiness and persistence WL 356HQ.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Outstanding yield and quality combination with unbeatable disease tolerance The highest Aphanomyces Root Rot Race 1 & 2 Resistance in a Genuity Roundup Ready variety available Fall Dormancy 4.1 Winter Survival 2.0 Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 1.0 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Fall Dormancy 3.8 Winter Survival 1.6 Total DRI 35/35 WL 343HQ Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Superior digestibility promotes more milk or beef and greater profit potential when fed Very high yield potential Very winterhardy Dark green, fine-stemmed, and highly palatable WL 363HQ Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 Superior yield potential under 4 to 6-cut systems Great combination of yield and HQ level quality under intensive management A great choice for cash hay, delivers very high RFQ and TDN numbers across a range of haying conditions FSG 430LH RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-5 ly resistant to Potato Leafhoppers Great forage yield potential Superior forage quality multifoliate leaf expression Excellent winterhardiness and persistence WL 359LH.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 8th generation PLH HopperShield resistant stack with Genuity Roundup Ready Superb-yielding fall dormancy coupled with excellent winterhardiness Fall Dormancy 3.9 Winter Survival 1.7 Fall Dormancy 4.9 Winter Survival 1.6 Fall Dormancy 4.0 Winter Survival 2.0 fa rm s c ie n c e g e n e t i c s Fall Dormancy 3.9 Winter Survival 2.2 WL 354HQ Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 ly resistant to Aphanomyces Race 2 Excellent feed value and superior digestibility Produces big yields across a wide range of soil types Fast recovery after cutting encourages intensive harvest management WL 365HQ Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 Very high yield potential; W-L s highest yielding conventional variety released-to-date Outstanding winterhardiness HQ levels of forage quality make it ideal for cash hay or dairy operations WL 352LH.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 3-5 Industry-leading 7th Generation potato leafhopper resistance Excellent forage quality under heavy leafhopper pressure without spraying WL 372HQ.RR Alfalfa Cutting System: 4-6 For aggressive and intensive managers Unbeatable recovery after cutting with superb HQ forage quality package ly resistant to stem nematode Fall Dormancy 3.9 Winter Survival 1.4 Total DRI 35/35 Fall Dormancy 4.9 Winter Survival 1.1 Fall Dormancy 3.9 Winter Survival 1.9 Fall Dormancy 4.8 Winter Survival Based on the decision of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) on January 27, 2011, Genuity Roundup Ready Alfalfa seed is available for sale and distribution by authorized Seed Companies or their dealers for use in the United States only. This seed may not be planted outside of the United States, or for the production of seed, or sprouts. Monsanto Company is a member of Excellence Through Stewardship (ETS). Monsanto products are commercialized in accordance with ETS Product Launch Stewardship Guidance, and in compliance with Monsanto s Policy for Commercialization of Biotechnology-Derived Plant Products in Commodity Crops. This product has been approved for import into key export markets with functioning regulatory systems. Any crop or material produced from this product can only be exported to, or used, processed or sold in countries where all necessary regulatory approvals have been granted. Do not export Genuity Roundup Ready alfalfa seed or crop, including hay or hay products, to China pending import approval. It is a violation of national and international law to move material containing biotech traits across boundaries into nations where import is not permitted. Growers should talk to their grain handler or product purchaser to confirm their buying position for this product. Excellence Through Stewardship is a registered trademark of Biotechnology Industry Organization. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW PESTICIDE LABEL DIRECTIONS. Roundup Ready crops contain genes that confer tolerance to glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup brand agricultural herbicides. Roundup brand agricultural herbicides will kill crops that are not tolerant to glyphosate. Genuity and Design, Genuity Icons, Genuity, Roundup Ready, and Roundup are trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC Monsanto Company. 11

7 Red Clover Other Legumes 12 Red clover is used for hay, silage, pasture, and soil improvement. It is a quick growing crop, easily established, and produces high quality forage. Red clover grows best on well-drained, loamy soils, but it will also grow on soil that is not well-drained. Tolerance of shade allows red clover to be used effectively as a cover crop under silage corn. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times February-May August-October Life Cycle Fast Med Low Med Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) 8-12 Mixture (lbs./acre) 6-8 Emergence (Days) 7 Managment Graze or cut for hay when the red clover is 1/4 to 1/2 inch bloom. A second cutting or successive grazings should occur when red clover is late bud to early bloom. Leave at least 2 to 3 inches of growth after each harvest. Care should be taken to eliminate or appreciably reduce bloating of livestock when grazing. FF YR Red Clover Developed in the upper Midwest, for the Midwest forage quality Excellent stand persistence FF 9615 is an elite medium red clover variety developed by the U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center in Madison, Wisconsin. This variety has been tested in Indiana, Michigan, New York and Wisconsin demonstrating superior forage yield potential, high forage quality, excellent stand persistence, and good disease resistance. FF 9615 is adapted to a wide geographic area and is an excellent choice for hay, silage or grazing. Red Carpet XL 3-YR Red Clover Rapid spring growth May produce three cuttings on second-year stands Works well in rotational grazing programs Increased disease resistance Red Carpet Brand Red Clover is a dual purpose blend of improved red clover varieties fit for both haying and grazing. It has demonstrated increased yields over Arlington, Marathon and Kenland red clovers. Duration, Cardinal II, FSG YR Red Clovers yield potential Resistance to Northern and Southern Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew Excellent winterhardiness, great for the Midwest and Northeast Regions The Forage First Advantage Crown disease resistance has been a focal point of breeders of red clover for several years. La Crosse Seed is committed to offering varieties with improved disease resistance which leads to added performance and quality, as well as longer persistence (into a 3rd or even a 4th year). Orion XL Ladino Clover Increased forage quality Excellent regrowth following grazing Superior winterhardiness Orion Ladino Clover is excellent for pastures and hay, and is widely adapted to different climates. This variety is known for excellent stolon development and establishment, and competes well against weeds. Orion Ladino Clover s large leaves are highly nutritious. Crusade Intermediate White Clover Improved winter growth Extended grazing potential during colder months Superior growth Early and vigorous flowering Disease resistant Crusade is a vigorous, large leaf, winter-active variety of white clover. Leaflets are similar in appearance to Haifa, but can have a darker green appearance with fewer leaf markings. Crusade is slightly earlier in flowering than Haifa. Because of its winter-active characteristic, Crusade will provide grazing during the colder months in regions experiencing mild, moist winter conditions. Radium XL Alsike Clover Tolerant to poorly drained soils or wet feet Very tolerant to heavy grazing environments Tolerant to poor ph soils Pardee Birdsfoot Trefoil Vastly improved winter survival over other trefoil varieties level of Fusarium wilt resistance Upright growth habit Earlier flowering than Norcen Birdsfoot trefoil is a perennial legume that adapts well to production on poorly drained, low-ph soils. It can re-seed itself, is resistant to Phytophthora root rot and numerous alfalfa insects, responds well to fertilization and does not cause bloat in animals. As a result, it is being grown more often in the northern United States and southern Canada where production of other forage legumes is limited. White clover is the most important pasture legume. It is a highly palatable, nutritious forage for all classes of livestock. White clover is commonly planted with orchardgrass, ryegrass, or tall fescue. Ladino, a giant form of white clover, when planted with orchardgrass produces the premier forage combination for intensive grazing systems. Ladino grows tall enough to be harvested for hay, silage, and green chop. Common white clover seldom grows tall enough to be harvested for hay or silage. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times February-May August-October Life Cycle Fast Med Low Med Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) 6-8 Mixture (lbs./acre) 2-4 Emergence (Days) 7-10 Managment Management for forage is aimed at maintaining 40% to 50% clover. Close grazing (2 inch stubble height) favors clover, whereas light grazing favors grass. In a continuous grazing system, graze white clover when it reaches 6 inches and to a minimum of 2 inches at intervals of days. 13

8 Bromegrass Other Sod-Forming Grasses Smooth bromegrass is a long-lived perennial, sod-forming grass. Bromegrass spreads vigorously to produce abundant forage in the spring and late summer for hay or pasture. As a pasture or hay grass, smooth bromegrass is ideal. Its leafy spring and early summer forage is highly nutritious and palatable to all classes of livestock. Meadow bromegrass is a long-lived perennial that is suited for dryland or irrigated pasture. Meadow bromegrass can extend the grazing season as well as increase total forage production. Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass Vigorous, long-lived sod-forming perennial grass Excellent drought resistance Improved leaf disease and seedling blight resistance Very compatible with alfalfa in mixed stands Exceptionally versatile, well suited to grazing and haying Fleet Meadow Bromegrass Defiant XL Reed Canarygrass Low alkaloid Leafy, high-yielding, perennial forage grass Widely adapted Performs well on wet, poorly-drained soil Performs on soils with a ph below 6.0 Very drought tolerant Can be used for hay, silage or pasture Reed canarygrass is a tall, coarse, vigorous, long-lived perennial. It is one of the earliest grasses to begin growth in the spring and produces large yields of nutritious forage. Reed canarygrass can be used for pasture, hay or silage. Low alkaloid reed canarygrass offers potential for improved animal performance. Kentucky Bluegrass is long-lived, with underground rhizomes, resulting in dense sod. It is a highly palatable pasture grass. Suitable Soil Types yields and rapid regrowth Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Excellent season long forage quality Light Med Heavy For hay or pasture Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Slow Reed Canarygrass Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Slow Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) Mixture (lbs./acre) 5-10 Emergence (Days) 14 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing 8-12 in. Stop Grazing 3-4 in. Average Days Rest Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to mid-bloom Smooth Bromegrass The Forage First Advantage La Crosse Seed is working with breeders of bromegrass to bring varieties to our customers with quicker establishment and vigor, as well as more rapid recovery after harvest or grazing. The Forage First Advantage For enhanced animal preference, La Crosse Seed has focused on offering only improved varieties that are low alkaloid. Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass Excellent emergence and seedling vigor Early maturity variety Aggressive rhizomes for outstanding coverage Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) Mixture (lbs./acre) 6-8 Emergence (Days) 21 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing 8-12 in. Stop Grazing in. Average Days Rest Hay or Haylage Harvest Harvest for hay 1-2 times before grazing 14 15

9 Orchardgrass Orchardgrass is a long-lived perennial bunchgrass. It is used extensively in mixtures with other grasses and legumes in pasture programs or for hay. Orchardgrass forms an open or irregular sod of tough shoots, held together by short rhizomes. Orchardgrass recovers from grazing more rapidly than smooth bromegrass and continues to grow during midsummer when smooth bromegrass and Kentucky bluegrass become dormant. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Med Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) Mixture (lbs./acre) 3-6 Emergence (Days) 18 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing 8-12 in. Stop Grazing 3-6 in. Average Days Rest The Forage First Advantage The newest offerings of orchardgrass include late maturing varieties to better match up with alfalfa maturity. Breeders are also improving disease (rust) resistance and grazing tolerance. Improved medium maturity varieties remain a popular choice for higher yields and faster regrowth within grass stands. Maturity - Does it Matter? Cool season grasses are important forage species for dairy and other livestock producers in all parts of the Midwest. These grasses offer the potential for moderate to high yields and high quality. Plus, they allow producers the flexibility to manage animal manure. One major challenge for producing high quality forage from cool season grasses is their relatively short harvest window, because forage value declines rapidly in a short amount of time. In order to manage this challenge, producers have begun growing grass species and varieties across their acres that represent a wide range of maturity times. If pairing a cool season grass like orchardgrass or timothy with alfalfa (common practice across the upper Midwest) it is imperative the maturity of the grass coincides with the cutting times and to some degree, the Fall Dormancy of the alfalfa variety. The last thing a producer wants to see is orchardgrass headed out in the spring two to three weeks or more prior to their alfalfa being ready to harvest. Potomac orchardgrass has been around a long time. Some of the older, common varieties, like Potomac, tend to be early maturing. Recent breeding efforts have yielded many new varieties that offer the wide range of maturity times revealed in the Vermont study. Haymate XL Orchardgrass -late maturity blend Great companion for alfalfa Maturity allows for more flexibility in the spring Excellent Stem Rust resistance Haymate XL is a blend of improved mid-late maturing varieties best-suited as a companion crop to alfalfa or other legumes where seed heading dates are important. The maturity of Haymate XL parallels alfalfa, so harvesting with alfalfa in the 1/10 bloom stage can maximize yield and quality of both components. Extend Orchardgrass Late maturity variety Perfect for alfalfa or clover mixes Resistant to Stem Rust Increased palatability and stand persistence Bred to for both dryland irrigated environments Extend is a late maturing orchardgrass that offers superior yield and great palatability. It is perfect for alfalfa or clover mixtures. Dawn XL Orchardgrass Early maturity blend Improved rust resistance and persistence Early spring production in high management environments Good vigor for better stand establishment Dawn XL is a blend of improved early maturing orchardgrass varieties with good resistance to rust. Dawn XL works best in pasture mixes with other forage grasses or in a monoculture environment. Quick Draw HSG Orchardgrass maturity variety Improved Crown Rust resistance Drought tolerant Sugar Grass for improved palatability Quick Draw Orchardgrass was selected for its quick regrowth, superior yields, disease resistance, and palatability. It has shown higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates than other orchardgrasses. This makes Quick Draw much more palatable and drought tolerant. It is well-adapted to the Midwest, Northwest, and Northeast. Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to early head for first cut, then every 4-6 weeks thereafter La Crosse Seed offers a complete stable of perennial grasses bred for improved yield and performance in a wide range of maturities

10 Tall Fescue is a short-lived perennial bunchgrass that is well adapted to the cool, humid areas in the U.S. and Eastern Canada. Since it is not drough-tolerant, it is seldom found on upland soils of the central Great Plains area. is primarily used for hay and fits well in mixtures with an adapted legume such as alfalfa or red clover. hay, either alone or in mixtures with alfalfa, is much desired by horse owners. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Early maturity timothy blend Excellent with clover or alfalfa for hay or pasture One to two weeks earlier to boot stage than Climax in most environments is an early maturing blend of timothy grasses. It is highly productive in northern geographies for hay or haylage. Early growth is highly palatable for pasture, while later season growth produces leafy and fine-stemmed plants with strong yields and optimum forage quality. Performs best on well drained, fertile soils. StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue Elite, endophyte free tall fescue blend Blend provides excellent flexibility while still maintaining forage palatability Suitable for both pastures or hay production StarGrazer XL is a blend of improved endophyte-free tall fescue varieties that is medium in maturity with better drought tolerance than other cool-season grasses. This blend is well-suited for hay or grazing in a wide range of soils and climates. Tall fescue is a deep-rooted, long-lived perennial bunchgrass adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions. Once established, tall fescue regrows quickly and provides high quality feed as long as plants are not allowed to become stemmy, form seed heads, and lose their palatability. Low endophyte, also known as endophyte-free, varieties eliminate major reductions in animal productivity and conception rates caused by endophyte toxicity. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Summit FSG 402TF Tall Fescue Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Low Early maturity variety Great palatability Improved summer regrowth Excellent spring vigor Superior leafiness Crest -late maturity variety Strong summer re-growth after cutting Very winterhardy and palatable Elite, endophyte-free variety Replaces Flourish tall fescue Great for fall and winter stockpiling Good drought tolerance - great for transition zone Better forage quality and palatability than KY31 FSG 402TF is an endophyte-free, medium maturing tall fescue variety which eliminates concerns about fescue foot, bovine fat necrosis and fescue toxicosis in cattle. Two characteristics make FSG 402 stand apart from other tall fescues; summer regrowth and disease resistance. Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Med Med Seeding Rate Alone (lbs/acre) 8-15 Mixture (lbs/acre) 2-6 Emergence (Days) 10 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing Stop Grazing Average Days Rest Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to early head for first cut, then every 4-6 weeks thereafter Crest is a later maturing timothy with a heading date similar to Climax, but with a substantial yield advantage. Crest is excellent in mixtures with legumes and for ground where later hay harvests are required due to wet soil conditions. The Forage First Advantage Early timothy maturing varieties have been developed to match up with alfalfa s first cutting. With improved varieties of timothy come improved persistence and greater tolerance for weather extremes, like heat and droughty conditions. The Forage First Advantage Various levels of endophyte toxicity are common in the majority of US tall fescue fields. Unless KY 31 is requested, La Crosse Seed is focused on offering only varieties that are free of any endophytes. Improved tall fescue varieties demonstrate better cold tolerance across the Midwest while animal performance trials show enhanced grazing preference and palatability compared to older genetics. Seeding Rate Alone (lbs./acre) Mixture (lbs./acre) 6-8 Emergence (Days) 14 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing 4-8 in. Stop Grazing 3-6 in. Average Days Rest Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to early head for first cut, then every 4-6 weeks thereafter 18 19

11 Festulolium ryegrass, a bunchgrass, is short-lived due to its lack of winter-hardiness. It is ideally used for pasture, hay, silage or soil erosion. ryegrass is often planted with legumes and other grasses to produce large amounts of high-quality forage. Ensure that the percentage of perennial ryegrass in a mixture is not too high as to compete with slower emerging grasses and legumes. Endo-Graze XL Tetraploid -yielding with rapid establishment Excellent high-quality forage in spring and fall Extremely palatable Endo-Graze XL is a blend of improved tetraploid perennial ryegrass varieties. Best suited for short rotations of hay or pasture; can also be overseeded into older or thinning stands of alfalfa and other legumes. Lofa Festulolium Tall Fescue x Italian Winter cold survival comparable to perennial ryegrass Excellent of both grazing and machine harvesting Lofa Festulolium is a cross between Italian and tall fescue, giving it the appearance of a ryegrass, with the performance of an improved hybrid ryegrass. A stronger root system, allows Lofa to maintain growth into the summer better than straight ryegrass. Festuloliums are derived from a cross between either Italian or perennial ryegrass and meadow fescue or tall fescue. Festulolium has the nutritive, palatability, and digestive qualities of ryegrass, while maintaining the durability and drought resistance of meadow fescue. Festuloliums display strong persistence, disease resistance and winter hardiness and have season-long productivity and high forage quality. Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Boost Tetraploid maturity variety Strong resistance to Rust Gain Festulolium Meadow Fescue x Italian Very high yielding Fast germination & establishment Suitable Soil Types Light Med Heavy Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times February-May August-September Life Cycle Fast Boost Tetraploid is fast to germinate and establish, making it the ideal option for overseeding into existing pastures and hay fields. Boost is an ideal component for horse, dairy or beef pasture mixes. Sierra Diploid Early maturity variety Dense crown: excellent for grazing environment systems Minimizes summer slump Gain is a vigorous, high yielding festulolium which is ideally suited for the Central and Northern Midwest. Gain has a leafy growth habit producing forage that is highly palatable and digestible. Spring Green Festulolium Meadow Fescue x Intermediate Provides quick cover, germinating in about one week in suitable conditions Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times March-May August-September Life Cycle Fast Seeding Rate Alone (lbs/acre) Mixture (lbs/acre) 6-8 Emergence (Days) 14 Sierra is a new-generation diploid variety with excellent drought and cold tolerance. Sierra has proven itself as an excellent option for grazing environments and for increasing the overall quality of grass-based pastures. Short-rotation grass, providing 2 or 3 years of forage Recommended for direct feeding, grazing silage or haylage in combination with legumes Seeding Rate Alone (lbs/acre) Mixture (lbs/acre) Emergence (Days) 14 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing in. Stop Grazing 3-6 in. Average Days Rest 7-15 Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to early head The Forage First Advantage Many characteristics exist with perennial ryegrass. Improved varieties allow more flexibility when choosing either a diploid or tetraploid variety. Breeders are continually upgrading disease resistance, tolerance to drought and heat, and overall persistence with these newer, improved varieties. The Forage First Advantage Festulolium is a hybrid of fescue and ryegrass. Some varieties exhibit greater characteristics (both in appearance and agronomic performance) as fescue and some are more similar to ryegrass. Selecting the right festulolium is critical, depending on its use and environment. Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing in. Stop Grazing 3-4 in. Average Days Rest 7-15 Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to mid-bloom 20 21

12 Annual Annual ryegrass is widely used for overseeding winter pasture in the southeastern United States. It is an aggressive grass that will provide high productivity during the growing season, so the percentage of annual rye in the mixture should not be too high. Annual ryegrass is recognized as one of the highest quality cool-season grasses. In a leafy stage, it is high in protein, digestibility, and many vitamins and minerals. It also is quite palatable to grazing animals. Suitable Soil Types Tetrabana XL Italian Annual ly palatable Excellent for high-traffic or wet pastures Rapid establishment ideal for intensive grazing, renovating pastures and frost seeding Tetrabana XL is a blend of tetraploid Italian ryegrasses. It offers high levels of digestible carbohydrates which contribute to increased weight gain and milk yield. The well developed root system supports additional top growth and provides cattle with a cleaner, healthier environment when wet conditions exist. Enhancer Italian Annual yielding and top feed qualities leaf to stem ratio: higher digestibility Good drought and heat tolerance, able to persist into late summer in second year Enhancer Diploid Italian was developed for both hay and silage production and grazing. Enhancer has excellent forage quality. During seven years of research at the University of Kentucky, Enhancer demonstrated extremely good forage production. Tetila Italian Annual Late maturing, tetraploid ryegrass variety ly palatable, digestible, and nutritious Increased stand persistence Perfect for extending alfalfa and legume stands Excellent resistance to Crown Rust and Stem Rust This tetraploid ryegrass is highly palatable and produces excellent yields with outstanding regrowth. Its excellent seedling vigor helps ensure a good start for high milkproducing dairy pastures and great weight gains in beef herds on pasture. Tetila will often be ready to graze less than two months after planting, due to its quick establishment. Light Med Heavy ColdSnap Diploid Annual Fria Diploid Annual Characteristics Establishment Persistence Drought Tolerance Winter Hardiness Palatability Yield Potential Grazing Tolerance Planting Times February-May August-September Life Cycle Fast Annual Seeding Rate Alone (lbs/acre) Mixture (lbs/acre) 6-10 Emergence (Days) 14 Rotational Grazing Begin Grazing 6-12 in. Stop Grazing 3-4 in. Average Days Rest 7-15 Hay or Haylage Harvest Cut boot to early head The Forage First Advantage Improved varieties of annual ryegrass offer enhanced yields, better winter survival, improved disease resistance, and enhanced root development compared to the varieties of the past. Italian Types: Greater persistence can be expected with this high quality superstar of Northern forage. The winter survival and forage yields have been the focus of improvement of this bi-annual species. Remember that during the establishment year these Italian types will remain in their vegetative stage but will act as an annual after winter dormancy for the second year and will need to managed as such. 22 Suitable for grazing or chopping for silage in fall or spring (in areas where it overwinters) Heavy dry matter producer with outstanding quality Great for extending alfalfa or legume stands History of outstanding forage production in the Midwest and South ColdSnap Annual is a winterhardy variety bred for root mass and biomass production. Although it is used across the Midwest in cover crop plantings, ColdSnap Annual is a good fit in hay and grazing systems across the majority of the Corn Belt. Late maturity, diploid variety Superior cold tolerance forage yield (Ideal forage cover crop option also) Fria Annual not only delivers outstanding yields in the South, but has exceptional cold tolerance that helps in fall establishment and winter survival throughout the Transition Zone and further North. It was developed at the University of Florida for cold tolerance and improved resistance to Crown Rust and Gray Leaf Spot. Fria annual ryegrass is an excellent choice for forage production as a cover crop. 23

13 BEST USE SOD-FORMING COOL SEASON GRASSES NON SOD-FORMNIG LEGUMES BEEF SHEEP DAIRY HORSE HAY MIXTURES Smooth Brome Big Ton XL Ginger Tall Fescue Orchard StarGrazer XL Haymate XL Top Tim XL Tetraploid EndoGraze XL Diploid Intermediate Italian Tetrabana XL Annual Gain Alfalfa FSG 408DP Red Clover Red Carpet XL Ladino Clover Orion XL Alsike Clover Radium XL SEEDING RATE NEW SEEDING Bluegrass Festulolium OVER- SEEDING MIX PG. NO. VersaGrass Special Waterway BLM # Mare & Foal GrassMaster Horse Country Jump Start Forage Alfalfa-Based Forage Alfalfa Hay & Pasture All Purpose Beef Pasture Triple Crown Clover-Based Forage Range Master Rate For Pure Stand Rate in Mix Rate for Overseeding Establishment SLOW SLOW MED MED MED FAST FAST FAST FAST FAST FAST FAST FAST FAST FAST Persistance HIGH HIGH MED HIGH MED-HIGH MED MED MED MED LOW MED HIGH MED MED MED Drought Tolerance MED MED LOW MED MED-HIGH MED LOW LOW LOW MED MED HIGH HIGH LOW LOW Winterhardiness HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH MED MED MED MED LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH MED HIGH Palability MED-HIGH HIGH HIGH MED-HIGH MED HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH Yield Potential MED-HIGH MED MED HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH MED HIGH Grazing Tolerance HIGH HIGH MED MED-HIGH HIGH MED-HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH MED HIGH HIGH SPECIES PG. NO

14 Forage First Mixes Forage First Mixes VERSAGRASS Excellent for waterways and terraces Excellent for ditches, banks, and headlands Excellent companion for alfalfa and clovers Works great for permanent pastures Improved varieties for better forage Easier to establish than straight bromegrass Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre 25% Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass 25% 25% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 25% Endo-Graze XL RANGE MASTER Pasture Mix Grass based mix that works in all soil environments (North to South) Improved tolerance to heat and drought, while performing the best in areas of mild temperatures and increased rainfall/irrigation Given timely fertilization, can provide high yield potentials with good palatability Alsike clover added to speed up establishment and aid in tolerance to grazing and wet feet Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Endo-Graze XL Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass 5% 9% 15% Radium XL Alsike Clover Haymate XL Orchardgrass 14% 27% 30% StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue BLM#4 Pasture Mix Versatile mix that establishes quickly due to the ryegrass in the formulation Endophyte-free tall fescue extends productivity into the hot, dry summer months Kentucky bluegrass provides sod-forming capability to help maintain a healthy stand Tolerates heavy wheel and livestock traffic Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre GRASS MASTER Pasture Mix Endophyte-free tall fescue and orchardgrass perform well in less-than-ideal summer conditions es provide early forage production Good choice for grazing, green-chop or hay production Performs well across a variety of soil and climatic conditions, including the Southern Midwest and Transition Zone Gain Festulolium Diploid Endo-Graze XL 15% 15% Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue 10% 10% 10% 35% StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue 30% Endo-Graze XL Annual 35% Haymate XL Orchardgrass JUMP START Pasture Mix Excellent choice for overseeding existing stands or short rotation pastures Very responsive to fertilization Provides highly palatable early spring and fall forage Maintains solid summer performance with adequate moisture Performs well on poorly drained sites Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre SPECIAL WATERWAY Pasture Mix First choice for waterways and right-of-way ditch banks Performs well in hay systems Tetrabana XL Italian Annual Big Ton smooth bromegrass provides better quality than common types Mixed with endophyte-free tall fescue, persistence of this mix retains quality for many years Handles a wide range of soil types 10% Gain Festulolium Intermediate StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue 15% Endo-Graze XL 25% Endo-Graze XL 25% Diploid 65% Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre 26 27

15 Forage First Mixes Forage First Mixes 715 Forage Mix Alfalfa-based pasture mix that can thrive in a variety of soil conditions Suited for traditional hay production - also transitions well into increased management environments Capable of providing both hay in the spring and grazing production in the summer and fall Good winterhardiness allows 715 to move well both North and South in the Midwest Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre 15% Red Carpet XL Red Clover 15% 70% FSG 408DP Alfalfa ALFALFA HAY & PASTURE Mix Elite blend of grasses and legumes designed to optimize animal performance Premium components selected for regional adaptation and performance Maximum production per acre Produces high quality balanced hay Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre Orion XL Ladino Clover 5% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 15% Endo-Graze XL 40% FSG 408DP Alfalfa ALFALFA-BASED Forage Mix Especially suited for high quality forage environments Sound management will ensure this mix persists for 3-5 years Clover will succeed in poorly drained environments maturity in this mix matches the management needed for the alfalfa Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre 2% Orion XL Ladino Clover 8% RadiumXL Alsike Clover Red Carpet XL Red Clover 50% FSG 408DP Alfalfa BEEF PASTURE Mix Six-way mix aimed at increasing palatability and performance Excellent drought tolerance and winterhardiness protein for maximum daily gain Strong persistence and regrowth that withstands grazing pressure Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre 5% 15% StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue 10% Annual 15% Big Ton XL Smooth Bromegrass 35% Endo-Graze XL FSG 408DP Alfalfa CLOVER-BASED Forage Mix Formulated for wetter soils with a history and disease and fertility problems Use in soils with low ph (below 6.5) Provides strong Nitrogen build up in soil Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre 2% Orion XL Ladino Clover 25% 10% Radium XL Alsike Clover 63% Red Carpet XL Red Clover ALL PURPOSE Pasture Mix Flexible solution for hay and long-term pasture Eight components spread out risk (4 legumes & 4 grasses) Suited for a wide range of soil types, but will respond to better soils, added irrigation, and increased fertility Alfalfa variety in All Purpose is appropriate in both hay and grazing environments, matches up well with timothy and orchardgrass maturities Long lasting forage crop when seeded in ph range of 6.5 to 7.5 Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre 12% Endo-Graze XL Tetrabana XL 5% Italian Annual 5% Orion XL Ladino Clover 8% Radium XL Alsike Clover 22% FSG 408DP Alfalfa 15% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 13% Red Carpet XL Clover 28 29

16 Forage First Mixes MARE & FOAL Pasture Mix Non-Fescue blend of highly palatable grasses Ability to be productive under rotational grazing -quality hay production Tolerance to heavy traffic Excellent regrowth Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre TRIPLE CROWN Pasture Mix Excellent for active horses Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass Adapted for a wide geographic area Combination of grasses and legumes Excellent yields of high-energy feed Formulated for active, performance and leisure horses Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre HORSE COUNTRY Pasture Mix Ginger Kentucky Bluegrass Excellent mix of grasses that are highly palatable for horses and all types of livestock Endophyte-free tall fescue extends productivity into the hot, dry summer months Useful for pastures where legumes are not desired Drought tolerant, establishes quickly, and winter hardy Planting Rate: New Pastures: lbs./acre Overseeding: lbs./acre Tetrabana XL Italian 10% 15% 15% Gain Festulolium 25% 10% Gain Festulolium FSG 408DP Alfalfa 25% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 10% Gain Festulolium 10% 50% Haymate XL Orchardgrass 35% Endo-Graze XL 25% StarGrazer XL Tall Fescue 10% Endo-Graze XL Cash Cow HIGH SUGAR GRASS DAIRY MIX Organic and non-organic dairy farmers rely on Cash Cow to boost milk production throughout the year. 25% AberZest HSG 25% AberStar HSG 25% AberEve HSG Tetraploid Intermediate 15% N-R-GEE Alfalfa 5% Frosty Berseem Clover 3% FIXatioN Balansa Clover 2% Ladino White Clover PACKAGE SIZE: 25 lbs. SEED RATE: 25 lbs. per acre Beef Bank HIGH SUGAR GRASS BEEF MIX Beef Bank is an excellent mix of -Sugar Grasses, legumes, and other grasses formulated for cattle operations. 26% AberStar HSG 26% AberZest HSG 26% AberEve HSG Tetraploid Intermediate 12% QuickDraw Orchardgrass 5% FIXatioN Balansa Clover 3% Red Clover 2% Ladino White Clover PACKAGE SIZE: 25 lbs. SEED RATE: 25 lbs. per acre Forage Sweet ner Sugar Improve the quality of existing pastures with SucraSEED s high-sugar grass mix for overseeding % AberZest HSG 33.33% AberStar HSG 33.34% AberEve HSG Tetraploid Intermediate PACKAGE SIZE: 50 lbs. SEED RATE: lbs. per acre, 2-5 lbs. max per acre with alfalfa alone Pasture Mixes SucraSEED is the only pasture seed mix made with -Sugar Grasses (HSG), the same perennial ryegrasses that have been improving pastures and livestock production in Europe and New Zealand for more than a decade. Sugar Grasses, found exclusively in the SucraSEED mixes, were developed for farmers wanting to get the most from their pastures. THE SCIENCE When grazed on ordinary grass, livestock cattle, dairy cows and sheep convert only about of the available grass protein into milk and meat. The rest passes unused (along with nitrogen) in feces and urine. This low conversion rate is both inefficient and detrimental to the environment. SucraSEED improves the conversion rate of grass proteins, allowing cattle, cows, and sheep to add greater body mass and produce more milk, while reducing the amount of waste nitrogen passed into the land (up to 24%). The secret of SucraSEED s success lies in the quantity of water soluble carbohydrates (sugars) in the grass. Rumen microbes use energy from sugars to convert grass protein into milk and meat. Because SucraSEED Sugar Grasses (HSGs) contain significantly higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates (up to 50%) than ordinary grasses, livestock grazed on SucraSEED are able to convert protein much more efficiently

17 Specialty Forages Summer Annual Forages Annual specialty forage crops often times are thought of as a great supplemental crop or emergency crop for many livestock producers. Annual forages play an important role by providing high quality hay, silage and even grazing capabilities. They should be considered when growers need or want supplemental forage, to make up for winter kill on perennial crops, or if producers are looking to extend the growing/grazing season after small grain harvest or early season corn silage. Seeding Rate: Feed Values Alone: lbs/acre Cover: lbs/acre Many producers plant forage peas with small grains as a great annual forage. The forage that is harvested is often times higher in quality and more palatable to animals than small grains planted alone. A great deal of research has been done that shows that small grains planted with forage peas can provide excellent tonnage and high quality feed, including the peas in the mixture generally increases crude protein by up to 3-4 percentage points. planted alone. As with any annual or perennial forage, there is a tradeoff between yield and quality. To have high quality forage available from annual forages, small grains/peas should be harvested when the small grain is at the late boot to early heading stage of maturity, and the peas are beginning to blossom. Harvesting at this time is ideal for the producer that is looking for dairy quality hay or silage. Dry matter yields will generally range from 2-4 tons/acre and the crude protein levels will generally be at its highest points with 15- crude protein possible. Delaying harvest of specialty forages until the small grain is at or beyond the soft dough stage and the peas are at pod development will increase the dry matter tons per acre but also decrease forage values and protein levels. At this stage of development, yields can generally range from 3-5 tons per acre and protein levels from 10-15%. Silobuster Pea Mixes Silobuster Mixtures offer an elite combination of quality forage peas and forage oats/barley/triticale. These proprietary mixtures are ideal as nurse crops or for straight forage. Silobuster mixtures can be planted in early spring to serve as a nurse crop or early fall to fulfill forage needs. Silobuster (Pea/Oat) 60% LC6040 Forage Peas 40% Calibre Forage Oats Silobuster (Pea/Triticale) 60% LC6040 Forage Peas 40% Galaxy Triticale Silobuster (Pea/Barley) 60% LC6040 Forage Peas 40% Trident Barley Tripper Maxx Tripper Maxx is a high value pea/triticale mixture consisting of 50% LC6040 Peas and 50% Elevator Triticale. Tripper Maxx produces high quality forages for dairy and beef herds throughout northern US and Eastern Canada and is commonly used to establish other forages such as alfalfa. Sprint Maxx Sprint Maxx is a high value pea/oat mixture consisting of 50% LC6040 Peas and 50% Purebred Oats. Sprint Maxx is an ideal forage to seed after Winter Wheat or Sweet Corn in the first two weeks of August. Sprint Maxx is known to produce excellent volumes of good quality forage in approximately 60 days making it ideal for quick forage production in the northern US and Eastern Canada. Summer annuals, such as modern sorghum, sorghum x sudangrass and improved millet hybrids offer many advantages over other forage crops, including drought tolerance, water use efficiency, and superior forage quality, all with lower soil fertility requirements than corn or other forage options. There are many options when determining which summer annual species would be the best fit for your operation / situation. La Crosse Seed has put forth an effort to select from the industry, the best products to fit your needs. La Crosse Seed is excited to announce the launch of our summer annual lineup, Summer Select. The Summer Select brand includes only the best summer annual products and traits available to the industry. Whether you are looking for a multi-cut or one cut system, the Summer Select portfolio offers you the best products available to meet your needs. If forage quality is important, check out our leafy BMR products, including PM Herecules BMR, our BMR forage millet; F95 BMR our top forage sorghum option; as well as a number of selected varieties of sorghum x sudangrasses, the include the highly desired bmr6 gene. Perhaps dry down is a concern, the Summer Select lineup has options for that as well, including both of our forage pearl millet products, PM Herecules BMR and PM Perform, as well as SS QuickDry BMR sorghum x sudangrass. Sorghum x Sudangrass (Multiple Cut): Though some will look toward this species for a one direct cut option, most look to sorghum x sudangrasses for a multiple cut system. There are a couple conventional options available with added value, along with a number of high quality BMR options coming from both the Summer Select brand as well as the Alta Seeds brand. Forage Sorghum (Single Cut): Primarily for a planned one cut silage option, similar to corn silage. There has been tremendous work on BMR forages over the past decade to assure the continued quality while improving the standability and disease resistance. La Crosse Seed has one great Summer Select option as well as a number of Alta Seeds options available. Sudangrass (Multiple Cut): With a dry stalk and yields and quality compared to most sorghum x sudangrass products, La Crosse Seed is currently offering a BMR-type. Pearl Millet (Multiple Cut): A tremendous option with even better water use efficiency than sorghums and sudangrass species, about 30% less! This species is ideal for most any application. Note the new BMR option within the Summer Select product line which gives you tremendous yields of high quality forage with an accelerated drydown! No prussic acid issues! Teff (Multiple Cut): Primarily used as a multi-cut option with great dry down and high forage quality, teff is popular summer annual option for dry hay. Proper seedling establishment of teff requires a smooth, firm, level seed bed. The use of a Brillion type seeder is recommended

18 Sorghum x Sudangrass Other Summer Annual Forages Managing for Nitrates Nitrates can accumulate when stressed and in soils where ample nitrogen is available. Best practice is ensiling to reduce nitrate levels (up to 1/2). Dilute high nitrate silage with normal forage and/or grain. Dry baling only concentrates nitrates more. Nitrate doesn t dissipate like prussic acid. Do not green chop or feed direct cut forage if high nitrate levels are present. Cut at a high stubble height. Nitrates tend to accumulate in the lower stalk. It is best to test to verify nitrates are at safe levels. Managing for Prussic Acid levels of prussic acid forms when sorghums are injured by frost, resumes growth following drought, high soil N fertility, low P levels in soil, and 2,4-D applications. Don t graze the crop until in height. Young plants and regrowth have higher prussic acid levels. After a light frost, do not graze or green chop for 7-10 days. After a killing frost, wait until the plant has completely dried, approximately 7 days. Most prussic acid is lost during the curing process. Crops cut and allowed to wilt before chopping or ensiling, and field drying will allow for the acid to volatilize from the forage. SS GreenSugar MS Late maturity variety Male sterile for higher energy levels Less issues of over seeding ly disease resistant Conventional (Non-BMR) SS GreenSugar TR maturity variety yielding Good disease resistance Conventional (Non-BMR) SS EverGrow BMR PPS Photo Period Sensitive for wider window of harvest BMR 6 for added forage quality and energy Great drought tolerance SS QuickDry BMR Improved dry down BMR 6 for added forage quality and energy Top tonnage SS Dense Tonnage BMR BD Brachytic Dwarf: increased leaf to stem ratios Improved standability Adapts to heavier grazing and cutting pressure BMR 6 for added forage quality and energy tillering rating FS 95 BMR BD Forage Sorghum maturity variety: 90 to 95 day from emergence to soft dough (optimum silage harvest) BMR-6 for added forage quality and energy Brachytic Dwarf plant structure Very high leaf to stem ratio Very good standability (when managed properly) Hybrid Pearl Millet PM Hercules BMR BD Increased leaf to stem ratio with a Brachytic Dwarf plant structure Improved standability Adapts to heavier grazing pressure BMR: Improved palatability, feed intake, digestibility, and animal utilization Rapid growth and regrowth after cutting Excellent disease resistance Flexible to various ph soils Reprieve XL Teff Grass Excellent palatability and forage quality Ideal for horses and other livestock Well adapted for dry climates Great rotational crop when replacing alfalfa or perennial grass stands forage yields during a short growing season PM Perform BD leaf to stem ratio Smooth leaves with thinner stems er protein content Little to no prussic acid dangers Adaptable to marginal soils 2-3 feet shorter than other hybrids Stronger stability than other hybrids Can be grazed or cut for dry hay 34 35

19 Sorghums For Forage Grain Sorghum Sorghum x Sudangrass Grain Sorghum AS6402 Sorghum x Sudangrass Late maturity variety leaf-to-stem ratio Superior standability and excellent regrowth Superb tonnage under multiple harvest systems AS6401 Sorghum x Sudangrass Versatile hybrid for hay, silage or grazing ly disease resistant Superior forage quality palatability and forage fiber digestibility AG1101 Grain Sorghum Excellent yield for maturity Very uniform Strong drought tolerance Excellent for areas needing early maturity or for AG1201 Grain Sorghum Early maturity variety, very uniform Excellent yield for maturity Strong drought tolerance Adaptable across a wide range of growing double cropping situations conditions Forage Sorghum Intense bronze-colored grain AF7101 Forage Sorghum AF7102 Forage Sorghum Early maturity variety Harvest days after emergence Great early season vigor Brachytic Dwarf genetics provide stout stalks for Dry Stalk product excellent standability Excellent Northern hybrid Excellent for silage AF7401 Forage Sorghum Full-season hybrid Brachytic Dwarf with BMR-6 Superior forage quality Heavy tillering and great standability Sudangrass AS9302 Sudangrass maturity Brachytic Dwarf trait provides stout stalks for excellent standability Excellent for dry hay and rotational grazing Dry stalk for quick dry down Exceptional re-growth and BMR-6 for high digestibility 36 AG1203 Grain Sorghum Outstanding yield for maturity Strong standability and excellent uniformity Excellent drought tolerance and dryland option Adaptable across a wide range of growing conditions Strong foliar disease package AG2103 Grain Sorghum maturity variety Excellent yields for maturity Tremendous disease package Consistent yields across all environments Not recommended for Downy Mildew prone areas AG2115 Grain Sorghum maturity variety Plains favorite height, good uniformity, superior stalks Maintains agronomics and yield well under drought stress, and produces exceptional yields under more ideal conditions With the increased demand of grain sorghum for both domestic and export markets, La Crosse Seeds is proud to provide the Alta Seeds grain sorghum portfolio, offering top yielding options for most any region. 37

20 FirstTM Soil PREMIUM COVER CROP SEED Cover Crop Seed Cover Crop Mixtures Mix Components Seeding Rate (drilled) SF 101 Cover Starter SF 102 Cover Starter + SF 120 Extender SF 125 N-Hancer SF 140 Multi-Purpose SF 142 Classic SF 150 Field Fit SF 160 Rooting SF 165 Late Grazer SF 175 AccuSpread SF 180 Shifter Low risk, starter mix Ideal for fall manure applications Winter hardy rye with excess N Can seed before corn/soybeans Good for prevent plant Ideal for Southern Corn Belt Mix components equal up to 120 days of grazing when together Extended ground cover (7-8 mths.) Relatively low risk mix Ideal as fall forage mix Strong N fixing mix Position for early seeding Late fall silage opportunity Ideal for beef/non-lactating dairy Low risk option as minimal spring management is needed Plant early to maximize production Ideal for low spring management Excellent option for multiple grazing periods in the fall Best mix for breaking up compaction and catching leftover nutrients Perfect in manure systems Tolerates poor soil environments Formulated for fall grazing No threat of prussic acid poisoning Facilitates more accurate seeding patterns in broadcast applications Offers best combination alleviation & nutrient scavenging Will lead to greater biomass production Perfect for catching and later releasing nutrients needed by cash crops Guardian Fall Rye + SF Select Radish Guardian Fall Rye + SF Select Radish + Crimson Clover Hy Octane Triticale + Fixation Balansa Clover + SF Select Radish Spring Oats + SF Select Radish + Fixation Balansa Clover + Peas +Crimson Clover Winter Triticale + SF Select Radish + Vivant Brassica +Forage Collards + Peas Crimson Clover + SF Select Radish Spring Oats + SF Select Radish + Turnips ColdSnap Annual + Soil First Select Radish Pearl Millet + SF Select Radish + Sunn Hemp ColdSnap Annual + Crimson Clover + SF Select Radish ColdSnap Annual + Fixation Balansa Clover + SF Select Radish 30 lbs./acre 30 lbs./acre 40 lbs./acre 40 lbs./acre 40 lbs./acre 15 lbs./acre 30 lbs./acre 15 lbs./acre 20 lbs./acre 20 lbs./acre 20 lbs./acre Planning for Success Procure Seed With cover crops and most other small seeded crops, seed production usually doesn t match up the same as traditional cash crops. That means supplies are not guaranteed and inventories can be hard to forecast. It is imperative to plan early, contacting a reputable seed dealer to ensure that a good inventory of quality, clean seed supply is available. Allocate Labor It might be difficult to stop a combine or grain cart, but seeding at the right time is so critical that it might be necessary to get a successful cover crop established - unless others are available to help. Timing of seeding is often the difference between success and so-so results. Prepare Equipment The best way to seed cover crops and insure maximum seed-to-soil contact is with a planter or drill. Of course, that only works if the crop is out of the field. Many GDD are often lost in September because seeding is not done until post-harvest. It s important to start communicating with aerial broadcasters or high-boy operators early to ensure application success. For more details on proper timing of aerial and high-boy application, refer to FAQ and Key Take-a-Ways section at the back of this guide. Guardian Brand Fall Rye Grain Screened for purity and cleanliness Excellent germination and early vigor (allow for later fall seedings) Strong winter-hardiness Glyphosate application or crimp at pollination will kill crop Seeding Rate: lbs./acre Drilled (Varies based on goal) lbs./acre For forage Hy Octane Winter Triticale Reduced awned variety to aid in livestock palatability Outstanding grain yield potential. Excellent Standability - superior to Fridge, Bobcat, Pika in early evaluations Good early season vigor and earlier heading date than traditional varieties Seeding Rate: lbs./acre Drilled (Varies based on goal) lbs./acre For forage Soil First Select Radish Daikon radish with single, long taproot Designed for and evaluated across the Midwest Perfect option for extending the grazing season well into fall and early winter Seeding Rate: 8-12 lbs./acre For forage (mono) ColdSnap Annual Suitable for grazing or chopping for silage in fall or spring (in areas where it overwinters) Heavy DM producer with outstanding quality Great for extending alfalfa or legume stands History of outstanding forage production in the Midwest and South Seeding Rate: lbs./acre For forage (mono) Emergency Forage/ Prevent Plant Option Nitrogen Fix or Scavenger Ease of Establishment DM Tons/ Acre Winter Termination Grasses Annual Scavenger No Fall (Cereal) Rye Scavenger No Winter Wheat Scavenger No Winter Triticale Scavenger No Spring Barley Scavenger Yes Spring Oats Scavenger Yes German/Foxtail Millet Scavenger Yes Pearl Millet Scavenger Yes Sorghum Sudangrass Scavenger Yes Sudangrass Scavenger Yes Teff Grass Scavenger Yes Broadleaves Sunflowers Scavenger Yes Buckwheat Scavenger Yes Legumes Crimson Clover Fixer No Red Clover Fixer No Balansa Clover Fixer No Berseem Clover Fixer Yes Cowpea Fixer Yes Winter Peas Fixer No Hairy Vetch Fixer No Sunn Hemp Fixer Yes Brassicas Daikon Radish Scavenger Yes Oilseed Radish Scavenger Yes Turnip Scavenger Yes Rapeseed Scavenger No Mustard Scavenger 5 - Yes Soil First Mixes SF 101 Cover Starter Scavenger No SF 102 Cover Starter + Both No SF 120 Extender Both No SF 125 N-Hancer Fixer Yes SF 140 Multi-Purpose Both No SF 142 Classic Both Yes SF 150 Field Fit Scavenger Yes SF 160 Rooting Scavenger No SF 165 Late Grazer Both Yes SF 175 AccuSpread Both No SF 180 Shifter Both No

21 FirstTM Soil PREMIUM COVER CROP SEED Cover Crop Seed Which Cereal Grain Do I Plant for Forage? With the greater need for quality feed sources, these cereal grain options are becoming increasingly popular as forage supplements to existing perennial hay and summer annual acres. Even though many factors are consistent across all these cereal options, differences do exist in quality and tonnage based on proper management. WHEAT Wheat has good potential for forage and is usually higher in quality than rye, triticale, and oats, but not barley. Wheat usually produces more dry matter than barley, however. Best Use: Fall & Spring Pasture; Silage (boot to dough stage); Hay (boot to milk stage). TRITICALE Triticale is a cross between wheat and rye. This makes for a crop with higher yields than wheat, but lower quality. Triticale is best suited for grazing pasture. Because of its large stems, hay wilting & silage packing can be different. Best Use: Fall & Spring Pasture; Silage & Hay (boot to dough stage) Tips for Managing Cover Crops for Forage RYE GRAIN Rye offers the advantage of being the easiest cereal grain to establish in poor soils and having the greatest cold tolerance. Rye offers the greatest production for hay or pasture ground because of its quick growth both in the fall and spring. Best Use: Fall, Winter, & Spring Pasture WNTER BARLEY Winter barley is the most susceptible to winterkill of the cereal grains, consideration should be made when grazing late into the fall. Barley s value as a silage crop is the most comparable to whole-plant corn (90-100%). Best Use: Fall Pasture; Silage & Hay (boot to dough stage) Nitrate toxicity is common when fertility or manure applications are followed by a period of drought or stress. Cut plants do not lessen in their nitrate levels as they cure. If high levels are suspected, forage should be tested for a period of a few weeks until levels subside. Though often linked to summer annual grasses, increased nitrate levels can show up in most cover crops and forages. Brassica crops can cause animal health disorders if not graze properly. Introduce grazing animals to brassica pastures slowly (usually over 3-5 days). With extremely high forage values, avoid turning hungry animals out into predominate brassica pastures. Brassicas should not make up more than 2/3 of the grazing animals diet - always supplement brassicas with dry hay or other grasses. Bloat can be an issue with most legume species. Reduce bloat by 1) utilizing grasses alongside the legumes, 2) pre-fill livestock with coarse hay prior to turning onto pasture ensuring animals are not turned out to fresh pasture when hungry, and 3) do not start grazing when the pastures are wet from dew or rain. Grass tetany can occur when grazing lush cereal grain crops in the spring or fall. Tetany risk can be lessened by adding legumes (which offset low magnesium levels that induce tetany) and by keeping livestock out of fields recently fertilized or manured Grasses Buffalograss Eastern Gamagrass Blue Grama Canada Wildrye Big Bluestem Indiangrass Western Wheatgrass Little Bluestem Sideoats Grama Switchgrass Native Grasses & Wildflowers Grasses Sand Lovegrass Sand Dropseed Tall Wheatgrass Slender Wheatgrass Intermediate Wheatgrass Pubescent Wheatgrass Partridge Pea Green Needlegrass Junegrass Prairie Cordgrass Forbes Black-eyed Susan Purple Coneflower Yellow Coneflower Purple Prairie Clover Ox-eye Sunflower Wild Bergamot Showy Tick Trefoil Maximillian Sunower Wildflower Mixes Midwest Mix Midwest Shade Mix Shady Mix Knee-Hi Mix Low-Grow Mix Shade Mix We offer a full line of native grasses, wildflowers, forbes and pollinator mixes. We also have custom mix capabilities. For more information, call Soil Fertility As a class, warm season native grasses in the seedling stage are not highly responsive to soil nitrogen. In other words, little if any additional growth or vigor will be observed in native warm season grass seedlings where soil nitrogen is plentiful as compared to sites where soil nitrogen is limited. By contrast, most weed species are more vigorous when soil nitrogen supplies are generous. As a result fertilization with nitrogen prior to seeding native warm season grasses may actually be detrimental since it increases the competitive growth of weeds while having little benet to native grass seedlings. In most circumstances nitrogen fertilizer application is discouraged prior to native warm season grass seeding. As an extension of this strategy, many native seeders prefer to not fertilize or under fertilize cover crops which precede native seeding. Cover crops will absorb much of the residual soil nitrates in this situation and tie up absorbed nitrogen within the cover crop plant tissue. As cover crop residues decompose nitrogen will slowly be returned to the soil. This nitrogen management scheme gives native warm season grasses a competitive advantage over weed species. Note that the preceding discussion specied the eects of nitrogen on warm season grass seedlings. Cool season grass seedlings, including natives, are generally more responsive to nitrogen. Grass mixes that are exclusively cool season or dominated by cool season species respond very favorably to nitrogen fertilization prior to planting or shortly after emergence. When native grass mixes are dominated by warm season species, as is often the case, the nitrogen management strategy that favors those grasses should be used. Soil tests may indicate deciencies of other soil nutrients: phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, zinc, etc. These deciencies may be corrected by fertilizer application prior to cover crop seeding or native grass seeding. Soil tests are strongly recommended where native seedlings are applied to areas where extensive earth moving has occurred. Fertility levels may be far from normal in such areas. Occasionally, even nitrogen levels may be so depleted as to require modest applications prior to planting natives. 41

22 Sucraseed Sweet Spot Package Size: 15 lbs. Seeding Rate: 15 lbs. per 1/2 acre Type: Sweet Spot is the perfect choice plot for hunters looking for a perennial plot that holds up to heavy grazing and attracts deer all season long. Food Plot Seed Deer Country Point Builder Plus Mixture Package Size: 25 lbs Seeding Rate: 15 lbs. per acre drilled; lbs. per acre broadcast Type: Excellent choice for plot areas along wood lines or open areas in the woods. Orion XL Ladino Clover Purple Top Turnips EndoGraze XL 25% Dwarf Essex Rape 10% Chicory 5% White Clover Deer Country Field Mixture Package Size: 25 lbs. Seeding Rate: 10 lbs. per acre drilled; lbs. per acre broadcast Type: Field mixture was developed to provide excellent forage feed for deer in the Spring, Summer and Fall. Orion XL Ladino Clover Radium XL Alsike Clover Mammoth Red Clover 15% EndoGraze XL 15% Dwarf Essex Rape 10% White Clover Deer Country Trail Mixture Package Size: 25 lbs. Seeding Rate: 10 lbs. per acre drilled; lbs. per acre broadcast Type: Trail mixture can be planted in areas ranging from full sun to more heavily shaded areas such as logging roads and trails located directly in the woods. 30% EndoGraze XL 30% White Clover Creeping Red Fescue 15% Birdsfoot Trefoil 5% Radium XL Alsike Clover Great Lakes Deer & Wildlife Mixture Package Size: 20 lbs. Seeding Rate: 20 lbs. per acre Type: This mixture features high protein legumes and grasses. Great food and cover source for all deer and wildlife! 15% 15% Creeping Red Fescue 13% Mammoth Red Clover 12% Pro Brand Alfalfa 12% Radium XL Alsike Clover 10% EndoGraze XL 8% Potomac Orchard Grass 6% Red Carpet XL Red Clover 5% Birdsfoot Trefoil 4% Orion XL Ladino Clover Deer Candy Sugar Beets Package Size: 1 lb Seeding Rate: 2-3 lbs. per acre Type: Annual An excellent choice for a fall nutrition plot when deer are getting their bodies ready for the winter months. Deer Candy provides the nutritional needs for the fall and early winter. 33% AberZest HSG * 33% AberStar HSG * 11% Domino White Clover * Sugar Grass Variety Buck s Banquet Package Size: 10 lbs. Seeding Rate: 10 lbs. per acre Type: Annual/ This mix attracts big bucks by providing them a mix of lush clovers, leafy rape, tasty turnips and choice chicory. Once the cooler temps arrive, this mix becomes sweet and succulent. Revitalize each year with Rut N Ready! 25% Orion XL Ladino Clover 25% Dwarf Essex Rape 15% Radium XL Alsike Clover 10% Kale 10% Purple Top Turnips 10% Chicory 5% Deer Candy Sugar Beets Rut N Ready Wildlife Mixture Package Size: 5 lbs. Seeding Rate: 5 lbs. per acre. Type: Annual This plot will stay green late into the fall and early winter. Will also revitalize Buck s Banquet. 60% Dwarf Essex Rape 10% Deer Candy Sugar Beets 10% Chicory Plot Spike Forage Oats Package Size: 50 lbs Seeding Rate: lbs. per acre broadcast or drilled Type: Annual 99% pure, no fillers, no chemical coatings Produces huge quantities of forage deer love Easy to establish Cold tolerant Bulls-Eye Deer Turnips Package Size: 2 lbs Seeding Rate: 2 lbs. per 1/4 acre. Type: Annual 14% Red Clover 3% Purple Top Turnips 6% Chicory 10% Kale 10% Purple Top Turnips Bulls-Eye is intended for use as an attractant for deer and other wildlife. Plant Bulls-Eye at least 60 days before deer season if possible to allow adequate growth. Wildlife Sunflower Package Size: 50 lbs. Seeding Rate: 6-8 lbs. per acre drilled; 8-10 lbs. per acre broadcast Type: Annual Wildlife Sunflower is a special attractant to upland game birds as fall and winter feed. Wildlife sunflower is preferred by dove, quail, turkey, pheasant and other species of upland game birds. Wildlife Sunflower is a very drought tolerant crop. It is a very reliable source of fall and winter feed because of the tolerance to limited and sporadic supplies of available moisture. Wildlife Grain Sorghum Package Size: 50 lbs. Seeding Rate: 6-8 lbs. per acre drilled; 8-10 lbs. per acre broadcast Type: Annual Wildlife Grain Sorghum was specifically developed as a fall and winter food source for upland game birds (quail, turkey, pheasant and prairie chicken) and migratory birds (ducks, geese and doves). It is not meant for commercial grain production due to the tannin content

23 Sweet Corn Inoculants Variety Type Maturity Days Heat Units Ear Height (in) Ear Length (in) Number Rows Ear Diameter (in) Plant Height (in) Trinity se-se bicolor Sugar Buns se-se yellow Ambrosia se-se bicolor Bodacious R/M* se-se yellow Delectable R/M se-se bicolor Incredible R/M se-se yellow Serendipity sy-se bicolor *R/M denotes an improved disease resistance package Color Soybeans TAGTEAM LCO: OPTIMIZE : CELL-TECH LIQUID: CELL-TECH PEAT: N-DURE PEAT: MultiAction phosphate-solubilizing, nitrogen fixing liquid inoculant with LCO Promoter Technology for retail application MultiAction nitrogen fixing liquid inoculant with LCO Promoter Technology for retail application Liquid seed applied single-action nitrogen fixing inoculant for grower application Premium peat based seed applied single-action nitrogen fixing inoculant for grower application Peat based seed applied nitrogen fixing inoculant for soybeans Trinity Sugar Buns Ambrosia Bodacious Other Forage and Cover Crop Legumes N-DURE PEAT N-DURE peat based seed applied nitrogen fixing inoculants for alfalfa, all clovers, birdsfoot trefoil, crownvetch, pea, vetches, lentils, cowpeas, and sunn hemp Delectable Incredible Serendipity All Crops QUICKROOTS: QuickRoots inoculant has been proven by field trials to enhance seedling vigor, and increase uptake of certain nutrients including NPK, which leads to expanded root volume, root mass and fine root hairs, promoting optimal plant growth and increased yield response. Some se varieties are sweeter than others, depending on whether one or both of their parents were sugary enhanced. Varieties that get the se gene from both their parents are homozygous for that trait, or double se, and all of their kernels have the se characteristics. Typically a homozygous se will have better eating quality than a heterozygous se. Sweet corn comes in three colors: yellow, white, and bicolor (yellow and white). Cross pollination of yellow kernel varieties with white kernel varieties will result in production of bicolor corn. Also, if a bicolor is cross pollinated with a yellow variety, kernel color will be mostly yellow. Although there are regional preferences for certain kernel colors, there is no relationship between color and sweetness. La Crosse Seed has selected Monsanto BioAg and Verdesian as our preferred inoculant partners. Our goal is to offer our customers the best the inoculant industry has to offer. These companies provide cutting edge inoculant technologies with elite performance, ease of application, and excellent technical support. La Crosse Seed is confident that the products offered through Monsanto BioAg and Verdesian will maximize your yield and plant health

24 Earth Carpet Turf Mixtures Planting Chart PROFESSIONAL LANDSCAPE MIXES GENERAL LANDSCAPE MIXES KBG & PRG BLENDS & MIXES FINE FESCUE & SHADE MIXES TALL FESCUE MIXES choice sun & shade ELITE KBG KBG ELITE PRG PRG ARG ELITE CRF CRF CHF HARD FESCUE BLUE FESCUE TALL FESCUE SEEDING RATE NEW SEEDING OVER- SEEDING madison parks spartan grade a wear & tear michigan green park place quick-2-gro sunny place sports park os pro-sports champion blue carpet care free deep shade shady place green resistor top athletic tuff stuff water-tight APPROX. PLANTING RATE PLANTING RATE SEEDING DEPTH EMERGENCE KIND OF SEED SEEDS/LB. LBS./BU. LBS./ACRE LBS./ACRE IN MIXTURES (INCHES) SUGGESTED PLANTING DATES TIME (Days) PRIMARY USE LIFE CYCLE Alfalfa 227, to 20 8 to 10 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 7 Hay, Silage, Pasture Barley 14, to to 90 1 to 2 March-April, August-October 7 Pasture Annual Bermudagrass (Hulled) 2,071, to 10 1/8 April-June, August-September 21 Hay, Pasture Birdsfoot Trefoil 370, to 10 2 to 8 1/4 February-May, August-September 7 Pasture Bluegrass, Kentucky (Forage) 2,177, to 15 4 to 10 1/4 February-May, August-September 28 Pasture Bluestem, Big 165, to 12 PLS 1/4 to 1/2 May-June 28 Hay, Pasture Bluestem, Little 237,000 n/a 6 to 8 PLS 1/4 to 1/2 May-June 28 Pasture Brome, Meadow 93,000 n/a 12 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 14 Hay, Pasture Brome, Smooth 138, to 20 5 to 10 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 14 Hay, Pasture Buckwheat 15, to 55 1/2 to 1 June-July 7 Hay, Grain, Wildlife Annual Buffalograss 49,000 n/a 40 to 50 PLS 1/2 May-June 14 to 21 Pasture Chicory 426,000 n/a 4 to 5 2 to 3 1/8 to 1/4 April-May-August-September 7 to 21 Pasture, Wildlife Clover, Alsike 728, to 8 1 to 3 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-October 7 Hay, Pasture Clover, Arrowleaf 400, to 10 1/8 to 1/2 August-October 7 Hay, Pasture Annual Clover, Berseem 207, to 20 1/4 to 1/2 May-June, August-October 7 Hay, Pasture Annual Clover, Crimson 150, to 30 1/4 to 1/2 August-October 7 Hay, Pasture Annual Clover, Kura 227, to 6 1/4 to 1/2 April-May, August 7 Hay, Pasture Clover, Ladino White 768, to 6 2 to 4 1/8 to 1/4 February-May, August-October 7 to 10 Hay, Pasture Clover, Mammoth Red 272, to 12 6 to 8 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-October 7 Hay, Silage, Pasture Clover, Red 272, to 12 6 to 8 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-October 7 Hay, Silage, Pasture Clover, New Zealand White 768, to 6 2 to 4 1/8 to 1/4 February-May, August-October 7 to 10 Pasture Clover, White Dutch 768, to 8 2 to 4 1/8 to 1/4 February-May, August-October 7 to 10 Pasture Crownvetch 138, to 40 5 to 10 1/2 March-May, August-September 14 Erosion Control Dropseed, Prairie 224,000 n/a 5 PLS 1/2 March-June n/a Pasture Dropseed, Sand 5,300,000 n/a 2 to 4 PLS 1/2 March-June n/a Pasture Eastern Gamagrass 724,000 n/a 8 to 10 PLS 1/2 May-June 14 Hay, Pasture Fescue, Hard 592,000 n/a 5 to 10 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-September 14 Erosion Control Fescue, Meadow 227, PLS 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 14 Pasture Fescue, Tall 227, to 30 6 to 8 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Festulolium 227,000 n/a 30 to to 20 1/4 March-May, August-September 14 Hay, Pasture Grama, Blue 724,000 n/a 8 to 10 PLS 1/4 to 1/2 May-July 14 Pasture Grama, Sideoats 160,000 n/a 10 to 12 PLS 1/2 May-June 28 Pasture Hairy Vetch 16, to 25 1 August-October 14 Hay, Pasture Annual Indiangrass 200, to 12 PLS 1/2 May-June 28 Pasture Kales 200,000 n/a 3.5 to 4 2 to 3 1/2 May-June 7 Pasture Annual Lespedeza, Korean (Hulled) 238, to 35 1/4 to 1/2 March-April 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Annual Lespedeza, Striate (Kobe) 200, to 35 1/4 to 1/2 March-April 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Annual Millet, Browntop 142, to 30 1/2 to 1 May-July 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Millet, Foxtail (German) 220, to 25 1 May-July 10 Hay Annual Millet, Japanese 143, to 30 8 to 12 1 April-July 10 Hay, Wildlife, Erosion Control Annual Millet, Pearl 60, to 25 1/2 May-July 7 Pasture, Silage Annual Millet, Proso 80, to 25 1 May-July 10 Grain, Wildlife Annual Oats, Spring, Fall 16, to to 90 1 to 2 March-April, August-September 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Orchardgrass 416, to 20 3 to 6 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 18 Hay, Pasture Peas, Austrian Winter 2, to to 30 1/4 to 1/2 March-April, September-October 7 Hay, Pasture, Silage Annual Peas, Cow 3, to 120 1/4 to 1/2 May-June 8 Hay, Pasture, Silage Annual Rape 145, to 8 4 to 6 1/2 April-August 7 Pasture Annual Red Top 4,990, to 5 1 to 2 1/4 March-May, August-September 10 Pasture, Erosion Control Reed Canarygrass 480, to 14 6 to 8 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 21 Hay, Pasture Rye Grain 18, to to 90 1 to 2 March-April, August-September 7 Hay, Pasture Annual, Annual 227, to 40 6 to 10 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-September 14 Hay, Pasture, Erosion Control Annual, 227, to 40 6 to 10 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-September 14 Hay, Pasture Sainfoin 30, /2 to 3/4 March-April 10 Hay, Pasture, Wildlife Sorghum, Forage 17, to 20 1 May-July 10 Silage Annual Sorghum, Forage BMR 17, to 8 1 May-July 10 Silage Annual Sorghum, Grain 15, to 20 1 May-July 10 Grain, Wildlife Annual Sorghum-Sudangrass 21, to 40 1 May-July 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Sorghum-Sudangrass BMR 21, to 30 1 May-July 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Sudangrass 43, to 45 1/2 to 1 May-July 10 Hay, Pasture Annual Sunflowers, Peredovik 7, to 40 1 May-July 7 Wildlife Annual Swedes 200,000 n/a 2 to 3 1/2 May-June 7 Pasture Annual Sweetclover, White Blossom 259, to 15 6 to 8 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-October 7 Pasture Biennial Sweetclover, Yellow Blossom 259, to 15 6 to 8 1/4 to 1/2 February-May, August-October 7 Pasture Biennial Switchgrass 389, to 8 PLS 1/2 April-May 21 Hay, Pasture 1,152, to 15 2 to 6 1/4 to 1/2 March-May, August-September 10 Hay, Pasture Teffgrass 1,300,000 n/a 8 to 12 1/8-1/4 May-July 7 Hay, Pasture Annual Triticale 15, to to 90 1 to 2 March-April, August-October 7 Hay, Pasture Annual Turnips 220, to 8 1 to 2 1/2 April-August 7 Pasture Annual Weeping Lovegrass 1,482, to 5 1 to 2 1/2 May-June 7 Hay, Pasture Wheat 11, to to 90 1 to 2 March-April, August-October 7 Pasture Annual Wheatgrass, Crested 175, to 12 PLS 1/2 March-June 10 to 14 Pasture Wheatgrass, Intermediate 88,000 n/a 10 to 12 PLS 1/2 March-June 10 to 14 Pasture Wheatgrass, Pubescent 90,000 n/a 10 to 12 PLS 1/2 March-June 10 to 14 Pasture Wheatgrass, Slender 160,000 n/a 10 to 12 PLS 1/2 March-June 10 to 14 Pasture Wheatgrass, Tall 79,000 n/a 10 to 12 PLS 1/2 March-June 10 to 14 Pasture Wheatgrass, Western 110,000 n/a 10 to 12 PLS 1/2 March-June 10 to 14 Pasture survivor La Crosse Seed warrants that the seed or other products sold by it conforms to the descriptions on the label within tolerances, if any, established by law. THIS EXPRESS WARRANTY EXCLUDES AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WHICH ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. In any event, it is expressly agreed that liability of La Crosse Seed LLC to the Buyer or others for any loss (whether such loss results from breach of warranty, or contract, or from negligence) shall be limited solely to the amount of the purchase price of the seed or other products. This remedy hereby provided shall be the exclusive and sole remedy of the Buyer and all other persons for such loss. In no event shall La Crosse Seed LLC be liable for any consequential or incidental damages sustained by the Buyer or any other person. No liability hereunder shall be asserted unless the Buyer or user reports to the Warrantor within a reasonable period after discovery (not to exceed 30 days), any conditions that might lead to a complaint. Our liability on the Warranty is limited in amount to the purchase price of the seed. By acceptance of the seed or other products, the Buyer acknowledges that the limitations and disclaimers herein set forth are conditions of the sale and constitute the entire agreement between the parties regarding warranty or other liabilities and the remedy therefor

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