CHAPTER III PROGRESS OF DAIRY FARMING AND DAIRY IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT

Transcription

1 CHAPTER III PROGRESS OF DAIRY FARMING AND DAIRY IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT 101

2 PROGRESS OF DAIRY FARMING AND DAIRY IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT Anantapur district lies between and Northern latitude and and Eastern latitude. It is bounded by Bellary, Kurnnool district on the north, Cuddapah and Kolar districts of Karnataka on South East and north respectively. The district is roughly oblong in shape, the longer side running north to south with a portion of Chitradurg district of Karnataka state intruding into it from west between Kundurpi and Amarapuram mandals. The district has been divided into 3 revenue divisions namely Anantapur, Dharmavaram and Penukonda. There are 63 mandals (Anantapur division 20, Dharmavaram division 17 and Penukonda division 26). The geographical area of the district is 19,130 sq.kms which forms percent of the state s geographical area. According to the 2011 census, the district has a population of lakh consisting of lakh males (51.07%) and lakh females (48.92%). The sex ratio worked out to 977 females per 1000 males as compared to 992 males per 1000 males in the state and 940 females per 1000 males in the country. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood to a majority of the population in the district. Of the total workers, percent are cultivators and percent are agricultural laborers according to the 2001 census. It is interesting to note that marginal workers account for percent of the total labour force. Most of the marginal workers are found engaged in the agriculture sector. As regards the land use pattern, the net sown area accounts for percent of the total geographical area. The area under forests accounts for about percent of the total geographical area. It may be observed that the forest cover in the district is lower than that of the state. Of the net shown area, the net irrigated area accounts for about percent. 102

3 The district is heavily dependent on wells, canals and tanks for irrigation purpose. While the area irrigated by wells formed percent of the gross irrigated area, the contribution of canals stood at percent and the contribution of tanks stood at 2.73 percent in Regarding the principal crops grown in the district, paddy accounted for about percent, groundnut accounted for about percent and fresh and dry fruits accounted for percent of the total cropped area. The total area under food grains and groundnut accounted for percent of the total cropped area which produces fodder as byproduct. Thus, it may be observed that the existence of a substantial area under crops that produce fodder as a byproduct, besides a good forest cover provide favorable conditions for the development of dairying in the district. The climate in the district can be described as moderate with the temperature from 14 to 40 C. The average annual rainfall of the district is 552 mm. The rainfall is quite erratic resulting in frequent droughts. As such many small and marginal farmers and agricultural labourers do not have full employment in crop farming throughout the year. In these circumstances, dairying serves as a useful subsidiary occupation to many agricultural households by way of providing either full- time or part-time employment. Milch animal population According to the 2007 livestock census, the district has a total bovine population of 15, 42,573 out of which cattle account for as much as percent and the rest being buffaloes. The total milch animals stood at 2, 87,740 accounting for percent of the total bovine stock. Of the milch animals the cows accounted for percent and shebuffaloes percent further, among the cattle, percent are of crossbred variety. 103

4 The details of bovine population in Anantapur district are presented in table 2.1. It may be observed that dairying activity in Anantapur district is centered on buffaloes. Infrastructural facilities for dairy development The Animal Husbandry Department in the district has 175 veterinary institutions and 158 Gopalamithra Centers and 3 Mobile Veterinary clinics. The Regional Animal Husbandry Training center provides the required trainings to the needy farmers or staff in the district under capacity building programme in livestock sector. In the district there are one centralized semen collection center, 16 veterinary hospitals, three livestock farms which are providing the required perennial fodder slips to the farmers under fodder development. Schemes for Dairy Development Various schemes like Artificial Insemination programmes, cross-breed heifer calf rearing scheme and fodder development programme have been in operation in the district for the development of dairying. Recognizing the importance of the AI programme in improving the quality of milch animals, the department of animal husbandry has taken up the AI programme in the district on a large scale. The total number of AIs performed by the veterinary institutions of AH department of the district during the year was and the number has been increasing steadily from year to year, and the total number of AIs done during the year has touched the level of 1.70 lakh. It is implementing de-worming programme free of cost, life saving drugs are being supplied on 50% subsidy and arranges training programmes in First Aid and A.I activities on subsidy. Insurance coverage of animals bearing 1/3 rd of cost of premium. BAIF model doorstep A.I. activities are being taken up through Anantapur district cattle breeders 104

5 association since June 1999 with the technical assistance of BAIF authorities at Hindupur area and encourages milk producers through awards and incentives to the best performing co-operatives and milk producers. Milch animals are insured by tie-up with AH Department & United India Insurance Co-Ltd. Fodder Development Programmes Milk is produced economically only when good quality forages are given to milch animals. But, the usual fodder resources available in the district comprises paddy straw, Joan straw, sugarcane tops, groundnut halves which are residual fodders with less nutritional value. To improve the position of green fodder availability, individual farmers are encouraged to cultivate fodder crops like N.B.21, H.B.18, Co-1 in their land holdings. Besides, cultivation of certain varieties of short duration fodder crops is being encouraged in the farms of individual farmers by supplying them fodder seeds under Drought Prone Area Programme. Development of Co-operative Dairying The direct involvement of the milk producers in milk marketing was started with the launching of a milk dairy at Anantapur in 1971 with an installed capacity of 25,000 liters per day. The clean milk production programme was sanctioned by GOI for Anantapur district with a project outlay of Rs lakh and the scheme period was 2 years from Regarding the physical progress, 5 Bulk Milk Cooling Units of 1000 Lakh Liters per Day, 3 Bulk Milk Cooling Units of 3000 Lakh Liters per Day have been established in project area against the target of 13 of 1000 Lakh Liters per Day. The scheme has been completed during March As a result the milk procurement increased from 1019 thousand liters in to 2730 thousand liters in

6 Progress of Dairy Co-operatives There were as many as 463 societies with members. The annual milk procurement increased from 122 lakh liters in to 269 lakh liters in sowing an increase of percent. The average daily milk procurement increased from 0.51 lakh liters in to 0.74 lakh lpd in In terms of milk supply there was a decline from 1.15 liters in to 76 thousand liters per day in Thus in spite of the structural growth of the dairy cooperatives, the growth is low in real terms. The district union made collaborate arrangements for transporting milk from 41 MPCS, 444 MPACs and 463 MCCs where milk is collected twice a day. There are as many as 78 milk routes covering 1043 villages in the district and the district union hires trucks\ tractors for transporting milk from villages to the district dairy\chilling centers. Provision of Technical Inputs The dairy has been spending huge amounts for the provision of various technical inputs to the members with a view to improving the breeding, feeding and management aspects of dairying. The dairy\a.h. Department has been providing the following technical inputs to the milk producer members. 1) First-aid facility to the milch animals of producer members to maintain animal health, 2) Artificial Insemination facility for better breeding to improve the quality of milch animals, 3) Vaccination programme to the animals against various diseases, 4) Supply of balanced cattle feed at subsidized rates to improve the milk yield, 5) Supply of fodder seeds at subsidized rates and also free of cost to improve green fodder availability, 6) Milch animal insurance and 106

7 7) Training programme to the milk producer members, members of Management committees, paid secretaries and presidents of primary dairy cooperative societies under cooperative development programme with the assistance of NDDB. Trends in Livestock Population Table 3.1 shows trends in livestock population in Anantapur district. In 1993 there were (21.27%) cattle and (12.38%) buffalo population. Total livestock population was By 2007, the cattle population increased to (14.33%) and buffalo population increased to (11.15%). Similarly the total livestock increased to Table 3.1 Trends in Livestock Population Year Cattle Growth Buffaloes Growth Total Livestock Growth (29.27) (12.36) (27.44) (12.94) (18.67) (11.02) (14.33) (11.55) Note: Livestock Includes Sheep, Goat, Horses, Donkeys, Camels, Pigs,Mules, Ponies and others. Source: Records and Hand book of Statistics, Chief Planning Office, Anantapur. The growth in cattle population ranged from 3.71% in 2003 to 22.84% in 2007, the growth in buffalo population from 29.88% in 2003 to 67.63% in 2007 and the growth in total livestock population from 13.39% in 1999 to 59.96% in It indicates that the percentage share of cattle and buffalo population in livestock is declining. But the share of buffalo population is declining slowly than that of cow population. 107

8 Trends in Livestock Population in Anantapur District In Numbers Growth Years Breed-wise Livestock Population Table 3.2 shows breed-wise livestock population in Anantapur district. It indicates that the cattle population increased from in 1993 (29.27%) to (14.33%) in Buffalo population increased from (12.36%) in 1993 to (11.55%) in Sheep population from (40.42%) to (55.41%), Goat population increased from (12.77%) to (15.85%). Horses, Donkeys, Camels, Pigs and other livestock account for less than 5%. But the total livestock increased form to during the same period. In the total livestock the share of Sheep population is more than 50% followed by Cattle population (14%) and buffalo population 108

9 (12%). The percentage of cattle and buffalo population declined, while the percentage of sheep and goat population increased from 1993 to Table 3.2 Breed-wise Livestock Population %to % to Particulars Total Total Growth Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat Horses Donkeys Camels Pigs Other Livestock Total Livestock Source: Records & Hand Book of Statistics, Chief Planning Office, Anantapur. Division- Wise Livestock Population Division- wise livestock population in Anantapur district is shown in Table 3.3. Anantapur district has 5 divisions according to Animal Husbandry Department. In 2003 Urvakonda division had large number of cattle population (202532), while Anantapur division had least number of cattle population (112376), as well as large number of buffalo population (99786), Hindupur division had least number of buffalo population (61510). Anantapur division had large number of total livestock (812145), Hindupur division had least number of livestock (439499). 109

10 Table 3.3 Division- Wise Livestock Population Division Cattle Buffalo Total Livestock Anantapur (13.18) (11.70) (9.95) (12.59) Dharmavaram (12.43) (8.71) (10.01) (7.25) Hindupur (27.62) (13.99) (20.03) (8.81) Penukonda (19.27) (10.52) (14.95) (6.67) Uravakonda (28.20) (13.47) (20.42) (10.62) Source: Records & Hand Book of Statistics, Chief Planning Office, Anantapur. In 2007 Uravakonda division had large number of cattle population (224419), Hindupur division had least number of cattle population (122716). Anantapur division had high buffalo population (179641), and Hindupur had least number of buffalo population (54027). While Dharmavaram division had large number of livestock population ( ). But Hindupur division had least number of total livestock population (612614). 110

11 It reveals that Anantapur division stood in the first place in buffalo population in 2003 along with total livestock population. Hindupur division stood in the last place during in all categories, but in 2003 cattle population was low in Anantapur division. Uravakonda division stood in the first place in cattle population during While Dharmavaram division stood at the first place in total livestock population in Trends in Milch Animals Table 3.4 shows the trends in milch animals in Anantapur district. It reveals that in 2007 Anantapur division had large number of crossbred cattle (1276, 40.58%), Nondescript cattle (33093, 24.76%), Graded Murrah buffalo population (1545, 51.24%), Nondescript buffalo population (40602, 27.44%) and total milch animal population (76516, 26.59%). Penukonda division has least number of Crossbred cattle population (171, 5.43%) and Nondescript cattle population (22258, 16.65%). Similarly Uravakonda division had least number of Gradedmurrah buffalo population (318, 2.56%), Hindupur division stood last in Nondescript buffalos (20538, 13.88%). But in 2011 Hindupur division had large number of CB cattle population (16111, 40.13%), Uravakonda division had large number of ND cattle population (32393, 28.77%), ND buffalo population (36903, 26.74%). The total milch animal s population was in Uravakonda division. Among all divisions, Anantapur division has large share of GM buffalo s population (4599, 37.08%). But Uravakonda division has least number of GM cattle population (1920, 4.78%), Hindupur division has least number of ND cattle populations (16356, 14.52%), Dharmavaram division has least number GM 111

12 buffalo population (1298, 10.46%) and Hindupur division has least number of ND buffalo (18531, 13.42%). Table 3.4 Trends in Milch Animals Particulars Anantapur Division Dharamavaram Division Hindupur Division Penukonda Division Uravakonda Division Total Cattle Cross Breed Nondescript Buffalo Graded Murrah Nondescript Total Milch Animals % to Total Source: Records & Hand Book of Statistics, Chief Planning Office, Anantapur. Trends in Milch Animals in Anantapur district Numbers Cattle Cross Breed Nondescript Buffalo Graded Murrah Nondescript Total Milch Animals Breeds 112

13 Classifications of Divisions according to Percentage share of CB Table 3.5 shows the classification of divisions according to percentage share of crossbred in total cattle population between 2007 & 11. It reveals that in Uravakonda division the share of C.B. was less than zero percent. In Hindupur division the share of C.B. was above 5 percent. Table 3.5 Classifications of Divisions according to Percentage share of CB Share of Crossbred (In Percentage) Below Zero Uravakonda Divisions 1 to 2 Anantapur, Penukonda 3 to 4 Dharmavaram Above 5 Hindupur Source: Records & Animal Husbandr,Department, Anantapur. In Anantapur and Penukonda divisions the share of CB falls in the class of 1 to 2 percent. While in Dharmavaram division the share of C.B. ranged from 3 to 4 percent. Thus the above analysis reveals that the share of C.B. in total cattle population was relatively high in Dharmavaram and Hindupur divisions. Estimated Milk Production Table 3.6 shows the estimated milk production in Anantapur district. In there was 48 thousand MTs (85.71%) of Indigenous cow milk production, 8 thousand MTs (14.28%) of crossbred cow milk production, and 56 thousand MTs (39.43%) of total cow milk production. About 76 thousand MTs (88.37%) of indigenous buffalo milk 113

14 production, 10 thousand MTs (11.62%) of gradedmurrah buffalo milk production, and 86 thousand MTs (60.56%) of total buffalo milk production. In While in the total milk production in Anantapur district as a whole was 142 thousand MTs. By , 74 thousand MTs (54.81%) was indigenous cow milk production, 61 thousand MTs (45.18%) was crossbred cow milk production and 135 thousand MTs (35.15%) was total cow milk production. About 149 thousand MTs (59.83%) was gradedmurrah buffalo milk production, 100 thousand MTs (40.16%) was indigenous buffalo milk production and 249 thousand MTs (64.84%) was total buffalo milk production. The total milk production was 384 thousand MTs by It was also evident that the growth in milk production from one year to another fluctuated. The growth in total milk production was negative i.e % in , -5.12% in and -7.4% in The share of indigenous cow milk production declined from 85.71% in to 54.81% in Breed- Wise Milk Production in Anantapur District MTs Cows Buffaloes Grand Total Growth (%) Years 114

15 Table 3.6 Estimated Milk Production (MTs) Year Indigenous 48 (85.71) 55 (84.61) 68 (80) 63 (84) 62 (80.51) 45 (73.77) 65 (59.09) 28 (44.44) 32 (46.37) 35 (44.87) 64 (54.70) 74 (54.81) Cows Cross Breed 8 (14.28) 10 (15.38) 17 (20) 12 (16) 15 (19.48) 16 (26.22) 45 (40.90) 35 (55.55) 38 (55.07) 42 (53.84) 54 (46.15) 61 (45.18) Total 56 (39.43) 65 (42.76) 85 (41.87) 75 (41.20) 77 (39.48) 61 (32.97) 110 (39.71) 63 (24.70) 69 (26.03) 78 (26.03) 117 (34.31) 135 (35.15) Buffaloes Graded Murrah Indigenous (11.62) (88.37) 2 85 (2.29) (97.70) (18.80) (81.19) (15.88) (84.11) (18.26) (81.73) (23.38) (76.61) (19.76) (80.33) (46.91) (52.08) (46.93) (53.06) (47.05) (52.94) (47.32) (52.67) (59.83) (40.16) Grand Total Grand Total Total Growth 86 (60.56) (57.23) (57.63) (58.79) (58.97) (67.02) (60.28) (75.29) (73.96) (73.91) ) (64.84) Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & Note: Figures in Brackets Indicate Percentages to total. While the crossbred cow milk production increased from 14.28% in to % in The total cow milk production declined from 39.43% in to 35.15% in Indigenous buffalo milk production also declined from 88.37% to 115

16 40.16%, the gradedmurrah buffalo milk production increased form 11.62% to 35.15% during the same period similarly the share of buffalo milk production increased from 60.56% to 64.84% in same period. It reveals that from to the crossbred cow milk production increased by 30 times, but the growth in cow milk production decreased. The Graded Murrah buffalo milk rose by 48 times. As a result the share of buffalo milk production in total milk increased significantly. Animals in Milk and Milk Production Table 3.7 shows division-wise animals in milk and milk production in Anantapur district. During a large number of cows were in milk (55.62%) with MTs of milk (55.38%) in Uravakonda division and least number of cows were in milk (9.15%) with MTs in Penukonda division. Large number of buffaloes were in milk (57.03%) with MTs of milk production and least number of buffaloes were in milk i.e with MTs of milk production in Hindupur division. During of all the divisions in Anantapur district large number of milch animals (Cows & Buffaloes) was found in Uravakonda division. While the least number of milch animals in milk i.e with MTs of milk production were noticed in Hindupur division. But during Uravakonda division stood in the first place in number of cows in milk i.e (22.46%) with MTs of cow milk and number of buffaloes in milk (57.03%) with MTs of buffalo milk. The total number of animals in milk was with MTs of milk production in Uravakonda division. 116

17 Table 3.7 Animals in Milk and Milk Production Particulars Anantapur Dharmavaram Hindupur Penukonda Uravakonda Total Cow Number of Animals in milk (13.97) (11.82) (9.45) (9.15) (55.62) (15.80) (20.58) (21.24) (19.87) (22.46) Milk Production (MTs) (14.50) (11.60) (9.85) (8.67) (55.38) (7.55) (12.66) (15.99) (9.85) (53.93) Bufallo Number of Animals in milk (15.92) (10.00) (7.39) (9.09) (57.03) (15.46) (9.85) (7.82) (9.47) (57.03) Milk Production (MTs) (16.27) (9.87) (7.94) (9.00) (56.90) (16.03) (12.84) (7.91) (9.74) (56.94) Total Number of Animals in milk Milk Production (MTs) Source: Records & Animal Husbandry Department, Anantapur. 117

18 Estimated Milk Production Table 3.8 shows division-wise estimated milk production in Anantapur district. It indicates that duing the Nondescript cattle milk production was high in Uravakonda division i.e thousand MTs (55.70%) and low in Penukonda division i.e thousand MTs (9.28%). The Crossbred cow milk production was high in Uravakonda division i.e thousand MTs (52.29%) and least in Penukonda division i.e. 364 thousand MTs (2.84%). Uravakonda division stood first in Graded Murrah buffalo milk production of 4794 thousand MTs (52.78%), Non Descript buffalo milk production of thousand MTs (57.13%) and total milk production of thousand MTs (56.23%). While Dharmavaram division stood last in Graded Murrah buffalo milk production of 529 thousand MTs (5.82%), Hindupur division lagged behind in Non Descript buffalo milk production of thousand MTs (7.93%), Penukonda division stood last with thousand MTs of milk production. But during Uravakonda division has large quantity of ND cow milk production i.e thousand MTs (28.77%), Hindupur division ranked least in ND cow milk production i.e thousand MTs (14.52%), but the same division stood first in CB cow milk production of thousand MTs (40.13%), Uravakonda division ranked least in CB cow milk production of 1414 thousand MTs (4.78%). Anantapur division had huge quantity of GM buffalo milk production i.e thousand MTs (37.08%). While Dharmavaram division stood least with 2702 thousand MTs (10.46%). Uravakonda division ranked first in ND buffalo milk production i.e thousand MTs (26.74%). While Hindupur division stood last with thousand MTs (13.42%). Penukonda division ranked least with thousand MTs (17.69%) of milk production. 118

19 Table 3.8 Estimated Milk Production ( 000MTs) Division Cattle Buffalo Total % to Grand total Non Descript Anantapur (13.79) (17.25) Dharmavaram (11.90) (18.26) Hindupur (9.31) (14.52) Penukonda (9.28) (21.17) Uravakonda (55.70) Crossbred 2718 (21.22) (11.74) 1125 (8.78) (27.10) 1902 (14.85) (40.13) 364 (2.84) (16.23) 6697 (52.29) 4141 (4.78) Non Descript (15.67) (26.03) (10.09) (17.73) (7.93) (13.42) (9.16) (16.06) (57.13) (26.74) Graded Murrah 2457 (27.05) 9575 (37.08) 529 (5.82) 2702 (10.46) 738 (8.12) 4081 (15.80) 564 (6.21) 5540 (21.45) 4794 (52.78) 3922 (15.18) (28.77) Total Note: Figures in brackets indicate percentages to District total. Source: Records & Animal Husbandry Department, Anantapur Mandal- Wise number of Cows in Milk and Milk production The particulars relating to mandal-wise number of cows in milk and milk production in Anantapur district during are shown in Table 3.9. In ATP district there were thousand cows in milk and their milk production was MTs. 119

20 The number of crossbred cows in milk was thousand and their milk production was MTs. There were nondescript cows with MTs of milk production. Table 3.9 Mandal- Wise number of Cows in Milk and Milk production (Animals In 000s, Milk In MTs) Nondescript Crossbreed Total No. of No. of Milk Animals Milk Animals Production in Milk Production in Milk No. of Animals in Milk Milk Production Mandal Anantapur Atmakur Bukkaraya Samudram Garladinne Gooty Kudair Narpala Peddapappur Peddavadugur Pamidi Rapthadu Singanamala Tadipatri Kadiri Bathalapalli Bukkapatnam Chennekothapalli Dharmavaram Kambadur Kanaganapalli Kothacheruvu Mudiguba Puttlur Ramagiri Tadimarri Yellanur Agali Amrapuram Chilamathur Gorantla Gudibanda

21 Hindupur Lepakshi Madakasira Parigi Rolla Somendapalli Amadagur Gandlapenta Kadiri Nambulapullakunta Nallacheruvu Nallamada Obuladevachruvu Penukonda Puttaparthi Roddam Talupula Tanakal Bommanahall Bramhasamudram Beluguppa D.Herehall Gummagatta Guntakal Kalayandurg Kanekal Kundurpi Rayadurg Settur Uravakonda Vajrakarur Vidapanakal District Total Source: Records, Animal Husbandry Department, Anantapur. Talupula mandal has large number of ND cows in milk (3861 thousand) with 2057 MTs of ND cow milk. While Parigi mandal has least number of ND cows in milk (285 thousand) with 152 MTs of ND cow milk production. But Parigi mandal has high number of CB cows in milk (3314 thousand) with 7147 MTs of CB cow milk production. Peddapappur mandal has least number of CB cows in milk (4 thousand) with 9 MTs of 121

22 CB cow milk production. Gorantla mandal has high number of total cows in milk i.e thousand, Kadiri mandal has least number of cows in milk 488 thousand. Dharmavaram mandal has huge quantity of cow milk production (7242 MTs) and Kadiri mandal has least quantity (325 MTs) of cow milk production. Mandal Wise Number of Buffaloes in Milk and Milk production Table 3.10 shows mandal-wise number of buffaloes in milk and buffalo milk production in Anantapur district. It indicates that in ATP district Narpala mandal is in first place in number of GM buffaloes in milk (790 thousand) with 1645 MTs of GM buffalo milk production. Nallamada mandal is in the last place (2 thousand) with 4 MTs of GM buffalo milk production. Bommanahal mandal has huge number of ND buffaloes in milk (4627 thousand) with 3677 MTs of ND buffalo milk production. Roddam has least number of ND buffaloes in milk (841 thousand) with 668 MTs of ND buffalo milk production. Narpala mandal is in the first place in total buffaloes in milk (5095 thousand) with 5066 MTs of total buffalo milk production. Chilamattur mandal is in the last place in number of total buffaloes in milk (992 thousand) with 811 MTs of buffalo milk production. In Anantapur district as a whole the number of GM buffaloes in milk was thousand with MTs of milk, the number of ND buffaloes in milk was thousand with MTs of milk production and the number of buffaloes in milk was thousand with MTs of milk production. 122

23 Table 3.10 Mandal Wise Number of Buffaloes in Milk and Milk production Mandal (Animals in 000s, Milk production In MTs) Graded Murrah Nondescript Total No. of No. of Milk Milk Animals Animals Production Production in Milk in Milk No. of Animals in Milk Milk Production Anantapur Atmakur Bukkaraya Samudram Garladinne Gooty Kudair Narpala Peddapappur Peddavadugur Pamidi Rapthadu Singanamala Tadipatri Yadiki Bathalapalli Bukkapatnam Chennekothapalli Dharmavaram Kambadur Kanaganapalli Kothacheruvu Mudigubba Puttlur Ramagiri Tadimarri Yellanur Agali Amrapuram Chilamathur Gorantla Gudibanda Hindupur Lepakshi Madakasira Parigi Rolla Somendapalli

24 Amadagur Gandlapenta Kadiri Nambulapulakunta Nallacheruvu Nallamada Obuladevachruvu Penukonda Puttaparthi Roddam Talupula Tanakal Bommanahall Bramhasamudram Beluguppa D.Herihall Gummagatta Guntakal Kalayandurg Kanekal Kundurpi Rayadurg Settur Uravakonda Vajrakarur Vidapanakal District Total Source: Records, Animal Husbandry Department, Anantapur. Season-Wise and Breed-Wise Milch Animals in Milk and Milk Production Table 3.11 shows season-wise and breed-wise milch animals in milk and milk production in Anantapur district. The total number of CB cows in milk was 93 thousand. Out of them 56 thousand (60.21%) were in winter season, 18 thousand (19.35%) were in rainy season. Total ND cows in milk in the district were 320 thousand. Out of them 188 thousand (58.7%) were in winter season, 61 thousand (19.06%) were in rainy season. The total CB cattle milk production was 74 thousand MTs and out of this 46 thousand MTs 124

25 was produced in winter season, only 14 thousand MTs was produced (18.91%) in rainy and summer seasons. The total ND cow s milk production was 61 thousand MTs. Out of this 15 thousand MTs (18.03%) was produced in rainy season, 37 thousand MTs (60.65%) in winter season. The total number of GM buffaloes in the district was 126 thousand. Out of these, 78 thousand (61.90%) were in winter season, least 24 thousand (19.04%) were in rainy season. While the total Number of buffaloes in milk were 575 thousand, out of these, huge number i.e. 360 thousand (62.60%) were in winter season, 106 thousand (18.43%) were in Rainy season. The total GM milk production in Anantapur district was 100 thousand MTs, out of this, huge quantity of milk i.e. 64 thousand (64%) was produced in winter season. The least quantity of milk 17 thousand MTs (17%) was produced in summer season. The total ND buffalo milk production in Anantapur district was 148 thousand MTs and out of this huge quantity of milk 91 thousand MTs (61.48%) was produced in winter season, only 28 thousand MTs (18.91%) was produced in rainy season. The total number of animals in milk was 1014 thousand. Out of them, 682 thousand MTs (67.25%) was produced in winter, in rainy season there was 109 thousand MTs (10.74%) of milk production. The total milk production in Anantapur district was 383 thousand MTs. Out of this huge quantity of milk 238 thousand MTs (62.14%) was produced in winter season, the least quantity of milk only 72 thousand MTs (18.79%) was produced in rainy season. 125

26 Table 3.11 Season-Wise and Breed-Wise Milch Animals in Milk and Milk Production Type Cows in Milk CB ND Milk Production CB ND Buffaloes in Milk GM ND Milk Production GM ND Total Animals in Milk Milk Production Summer (20.43) 71 (22.18) 14 (18.91) 13 (21.31) 24 (19.04) 109 (18.95) 17 (17) 29 (19.59) 223 (21.99) 73 (19.06) (Animals in milk & milk production in thousands) Seasons Rainy (19.35) 61 (19.06) 14 (18.91) 11 (18.03) 24 (19.04) 106 (18.43) 19 (19) 28 (18.91) 109 (10.74) 72 (18.79) Winter (60.21) 188 (58.7) 46 (62.16) 37 (60.65) 78 (61.90) 360 (62.60) 64 (64) 91 (61.48) Total 93 (9.17) 320 (31.55) 74 (19.32) 61 (15.92) 126 (12.42) 575 (56.70) 100 (26.10) 148 (38.64) 682 (67.25) (62.14) 383 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & Note: CB- Crossbred, GM- Gradedmurrah, ND- Nondescript. Division- Wise Growth of Milk Production Division-wise growth of milk production in Anantapur district is shown in Table Anantapur district was divided into 5 divisions according to Animal Husbandry Department. The average animal milk production during in Anantapur division 126

27 was thousand MTs (15.50%), in Dharmavaram division thousand MTs (10.63%), in Hindupur division thousand MTs (8.77%), in Penukonda division thousand MTs (8.85%) and in Uravakonda division thousand MTs (56.22%). The total milk production in all divisions was thousand MTs. During there was improvement in the milk production to thousand MTs (20.79%) in Anantapur division, in Dharmavaram division thousand MTs (20.05%), in Hindupur division thousand MTs (22.07%), in Penukonda division thousand MTs (17.69%) and in Uravakonda division thousand MTs (19.37%). While the total milk production was estimated at thousand MTs which recorded a growth of -8.25%. It reveals that in Anantapur, Dharmavaram, Hindupur and Penukonda divisions the growth is positive. In Uravkonda and in total milk production the growth is negative. Table 3.12 Division- Wise Growth of Milk Production Division Growth Anantapur (15.50) (20.79) Dharmavaram (10.63) (20.05) Hindupur (8.77) (22.07) Penukonda (8.85) (17.69) Uravakonda (56.22) (19.37) Total Source: Records, Animal Husbandry Department, Anantapur. 127

28 Division -Wise Share of Milk Production in Anantapur 16% Dharmavaram 55% 9% 11% 9% Hindupur Penukonda Uravakonda District- Wise Share of Milk Production in % 21% 18% 20% Anantapur Penukonda 22% Hindupur Dharmavaram Uravakonda 128

29 The Functional Dairies and Bulk Cooling Units The particulars of functional dairies and Bulk Cooling Units in Anantapur district are shown in Table There are 2 milk chilling centers, one is at Anantapur with the handling capacity per day of 25,000 Ltr. and another one is at Hindupur with the handling capacity per day of 30,000 ltrs. The MCC at Anantapur was started in 1971 and the same at Hindupur was started in There are 12 Bulk Cooling Units (BCUs) at Kadiri, Dharmavaram, Kothacheruvu, Gorantla, Roddam, Tadipatri, Klayandurg, Kanekall, Madakasira, Rolla, Gudibanda and O.D. Cheruvu. All these units were started between 2001 and The capacity per day of these units ranged from 2000 ltrs to 5000 ltrs. All the units have 29 milk routes which cover 485 villages of 45 Mandals out of 63 mandals in the district. It is observed that the milk route of Anantapur unit covers 10 mandals (77 Villages), Hindupur unit covers 4 mandals (144 Villages), and Kalyandurg unit covers 5 mandals (36 Villages). It implies that dairy development took place in and around Anantapur and Hindupur Mandals. There are 22 Women milk societies in the district. Out of them, 3 are functioning in Anantapur, 13 in Hindupur and the rest 6 in Roddam. The total handling capacity per day of all BCUs is 86,000 ltrs. Milk procurement per day from all routes was 63,600 ltrs. It is observed that Hindupur MCC procures huge quantity of milk i.e ltrs per day followed by Anantapur unit (11,500 ltrs), Gudibanda unit (5,700 ltrs) and Roddam unit 5,600 ltrs. While the milk procurement is less at Tadipatri unit (500 ltrs), Kadiri (1200 ltrs), Kanekall (1200 ltrs) and O.D. Cheruvu 1200 ltrs. 129

30 Table 3.13 The Functional Dairies and Bulk Cooling Units MCC/BCU MCC Anantapur MCC Hindupur Kadiri Dharmavaram Kothacheruvu Gorantla Roddam Tadipathri Kalyandurg Kanekal Madakasira Rolla Gudibanda O.D.Cheruvu Handling Capacity Per day(lrs) Date of Starting No. of Milk Routs 6 (2.68) 6 (2.68) 1 No. of Villages Covered 77 (15.87) 144 (29.69) 14 No. of Mandals Covered 10 No. of Women Societies Functioning 3 Present Milk Procurement in Liters Per day (18.08) (28.30) 1200 (1.80) 3000 (4.71) 2600 (4.08) 3500 (5.50) 5600 (7.86) 500 (29.06) 1971 (22.22 (13.63) (34.88) 1979 (8.88) (59.09) 2000 (2.32) 2001 (3.44) (2.88) (2.32) 2002 (6.89) (5.77) (6.66) (2.32) (5.56) (2.32) 2001 (6.89) (4.74) (2.22) (2.32) 2002 (6.89) (7.42) (4.44) (27.27) (2.32) 2005 (3.44) (2.47) 3 - (0.78) (2.32) 2001 (10.34) (7.42) (11.11) - (4.55) (2.32) 2001 (3.44) (2.68) (2.32) 2004 (3.44) (5.36) (4.65) 2005 (3.44) (6.39) 2 - (5.97) (5.8) 2002 (10.3) (8.96) (2.3) (3.71) Total 86, Source: Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation, Anantapur. Note: MCC- Milk Chilling Center, BCU- Bulk Cooling Unit Figures in brackets are percentages to total. 130

31 Progress of Dairy activities Table 3.14 shows the progress of dairy activities in Anantapur district. It indicates that in there were two milk chilling centers, nine bulk cooling units, 42 co-operative milk collection centers, 309 private milk collecting centers. The average milk procurement per day was 1019 thousand liters, the average milk supply was 115 thousand liters per day while the average procurement price per liter was Rs.8.15 and that of selling price was Rs per liter. Table 3.14 Progress of Dairy activities Growth Growth Growth Particulars (%) 06 (%) 08 (%) No of MCC No. of BCU Milk Collection Centers 1.Cooperative Private Average milk Procurement (1000Ltr) Average Milk Supply (1000Ltr) Average Procurement Price (Rs.per Ltr) Average supply price (Rs. per Ltr) Note: BCU: Bulk Cooling Unit, MCC: Milk Chilling Center. Source: Records, Hand Book of Statistics, Chief Planning Office, Anantapur,

32 By the number of milk chilling centers was same, the bulk cooling units increased to 10 (11.11% growth), the milk collection centers (cooperative sector) to 44, the collection centers in private sector to 419 in The average milk procurement per day increased from ltrs to ltrs. While the average milk supply per day declined to 76 thousand liters. The milk procurement price per liter was Rs and the average milk supply price per liter was Rs Hence there is increase in milk procurement price and supply price. Hence there is increase in milk procurement price and supply price. Dairy Development at a Glance Dairy development at a glance in Anantapur district as on is shown in Table It indicates that there are 2 dairies functioning, 40 bulk cooling units (BMCUs), (15 is run by A.P. Dairy, 25 run by District Rural Development Agency), upgraded 10 BMCUs with total procurement of 103 lakh liters per day (out of this liters procured by DRDA, Indira Kranthi Patham liters procured by A.P. Dairy). The average rate paid for buffalo milk was Rs.18 per liter and Rs.14 per liter of cow milk. The average earnings per year by farmers were estimated at Rs.45 crore. There are 1100 Vijay milk collection centers. About milk producers were benefited. There are 15 mini feed mixing plants. A total of 170 electronic milk testers were installed at village level. About 19 automatic milk collection units were started at mandal level in Anantapur district. 132

33 Milk Procurement Table 3.15 Dairy Development at a Glance Particulars Numbers Dairies Functioning 2 BMCUs Functioning 40 BMCUs Run by A.P.Dairy 15 BMCUs Run by DRDA 25 BMCUs upgraded 10 Milk Procurement 103LLPD Milk Procurement Through DRDA/IKP 24000LPD Milk Procurement Through A.P. Dairy 79000LPD Average Rate Paid for Buffalo Milk Rs.18PerLtr Average Rate Paid for Cow Milk Rs.14PerLtr Average Farmers Earnings Per Year Rs.45.Crore No of Vijaya Milk Collection Centers 1100 No. of Milk Producers Benefited Milk Routes Organized 80 Mini Feed Mixing Plants 15 Electronic Milk Testers Installed at Village Level 170 Automatic Milk Collection Units Installed at Mandal Level 19 Source: Records, Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation Limited, Anantapur. Note: BMCU- Bulk Milk Cooling Unit, IKP- Indira Kranthi Patam, DRDA- District Rural Development Agency, LPD- Lakh Liters per Day. Table 3.16 shows milk procurement by Anantapur milk shed. The milk procurement increased from 122 lakh liters in to 269 lakh liters in Per day average milk procurement was 0.74 liters (-4.87% growth) in It reveals that milk procurement growth is not steady but there is growth in milk procurement. 133

34 Table 3.16 Milk Procurement by Anantapur Milk Shed Milk Procurement Day Year Lakh Ltrs (Average) Na Na Growth Na Growth Na Growth Growth Growth Growth Growth Growth Source: Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation, Anantapur. Per day Milk Procured and Villages Covered Table 3.17 shows per day milk procure and villages covered in Anantapur district. The Anantapur dairy covering 110 villages, procures huge quantity of milk i.e ltrs (18.52%), Hindupur dairy stood at 2 nd place in milk procure with ltrs (17.98%) per day and it occupies first place in the number of villages covered i.e. 142 (15.95%), Peddapappur unit is in the last place in milk procurement with 36 ltrs, Lepakshi unit stood last covering only one village. Yadiki unit procure 387 ltrs per day without covering any village. The total milk procured by 42 units in the district was estimated at ltrs per day covering 890 villages. 134

35 S.N0 Name of Unit 1 Anantapur 2 Kalyandurg 3 Kanekal 4 Dharamavaram 5 Kothacheruvu 6 Tadipathri 7 Hindupur 8 Gorantla 9 Kadiri 10 O.D.Cheruvu 11 Roddam 12 Madakasira 13 Rolla 14 Agali 15 Lepakshi 16 Kundripi 17 Kambadur 18 Puttlur 19 Tanakal 20 Rayadurg Table 3.17 Per day Milk Procure and Villages Covered Per day Milk Procure (18.52) 4068 (5.24) 1108 (1.42) 2187 (2.81) 3482 (4.48) 624 (0.80) (17.98) 2568 (3.31) 158 (0.20) 1531 (1.97) 2633 (3.39) 2847 (3.66) 2654 (3.42) 1227 (1.58) 256 (0.32) 929 (1.19) 602 (0.77) 205 (0.26) 818 (1.05) 1839 (2.37) 567 No of Villages Covered 110 (12.35) 55 (6.17) 12 (1.34) 23 (2.58) 28 (3.14) 13 (1.46) 142 (15.95) 21 (2.35) 7 (0.78) 19 (2.13) 44 (4.94) 41 (4.60) 32 (3.59) 14 (1.57) 1 (0.11) 19 (2.13) 16 (1.79) 3 (0.33) 17 (1.91) 30 (3.37) 4 S.N0 23 Utukur Name of Unit 24 Chilamathur 25 Gudibanda 26 Nallacheruvu 27 Amadaguru 28 Amrapuram 29 Talupula 30 Narpala 31 Pamidi 32 Nallamada 33 N.P.kunta 34 ChennekothaPalli 35 Yadiki 36 Bukkapatnam 37 Peddapapuur 38 Muddigubba 39 Garladinne 40 Singanamala Per day Milk Procure (1.00) 1247 (1.60) 4453 (5.73) 543 (0.69) 1221 (1.57) 2313 (2.98) 1072 (1.38) 247 (0.31) 449 (0.57) 907 (1.16) 94 (0.12) 1223 (1.57) 387 (0.49) 1710 (2.20) 461 (0.59) 656 (0.84) 218 (0.28) 37 (0.04) 41 Ramagiri - 42 Peddavaduguru 36 (0.04) No of Villages Covered 7 (0.78) 10 (1.12) 50 (5.61) 14 (1.57) 15 (1.68) 30 (3.37) 9 (1.01) 21 Guntakal 43 Total (0.73) (0.44) Uravakonda (1.02) (1.34) Source: Records, Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation Limited, Anantapur. Note: Figures in Brackets Indicate Percentage to total (1.46) 18 (2.02) 4 (0.44) 5 (0.56) - 14 (1.57) 5 (0.56) 8 (0.89) 4 (0.44) 6 (0.67) 8 (0.89) 7 (0.78) 135

36 Toned Milk Sales The particulars of Anantapur milk shed toned milk sales are shown in Table The toned milk sales increased from liters in to (17.11% growth) liters in The average milk sales per day increased from 2512 liters to 2950 (17.43% growth) liters during the same period. Table 3.18 Toned Milk Sales Particulars Growth(%) Sales (Ltrs) Avg. per day (Ltrs) Source: Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation, Anantapur. Progress under Animal Husbandry Department Table 3.19 shows the progress of dairy under Animal Husbandry Department in Anantapur district. It shows that in about 1972 animals were distributed and all these 1972 were insured. The farmers were given training and feed was purchased for Rs lakh. The expenditure of central and state sponsored schemes was estimated at Rs lakh. In the number of animals distributed was 1868, the animals insured was 1868, the farmers underwent training was The cost of feed was estimated at Rs lakh and the expenditure of central and state sponsored schemes was Rs. 250 lakh. Thus it is evident that the number of animals distributed, number of animals insured and number of farmers given training showed declining trend between and Thus it is evident that the number of animals distributed, number o animals insured and number of farmers given training showed declining trend between and