FUTURE AQUACULTURE AND HARVESTING MARINE AQUACULTURE. Arne Fredheim Research Director - SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Adjunct Professor NTNU/AMOS

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1 FUTURE AQUACULTURE AND HARVESTING MARINE AQUACULTURE Arne Fredheim Research Director - SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Adjunct Professor NTNU/AMOS

2 The food gap challenge The world need more (sea)food 32% World Bank Report: The world needs more seafood 69 % IPCC: More of the food need to be produced in the ocean Wild catch fisheries is "stagnating" substantial part of the increase need to come from aquaculture FAO: Largest potential in marine aquaculture 2

3 Opportunities in the marine food web A factor of ten in energy loss for each step in the food web Future fisheries Food and feed Fishing lower down in the food web for food and feed Aquaculture on species lower down in the food web Smarter utilization of the resoruces 3 Source: : Prof Anders Endal, NTNU

4 Waste of fish 8% on the vessel, 25 % in the food value chain 4

5 Global Marine Aquaculture Volume plants and molluscs Value finfish and molluscs 5

6 Marine aquaculture diversity Family and small scale business Molluscs, marine plants and crustaceans typically in Asia Industrialized industry with large companies Finfish/Salmon typically in the "western world" 6 Aquatic plants Molluscs Crustaceans Fin fish (Non fed) (Non fed) (Fed) (Fed)

7 Industrialization of aquaculture 7 Source: Kontali analyse

8 Salmon farming Industrialization Cages: 1000 tons of salmon ( ) in each cage = 2200 cows 16 cages in one fish farm tons production From manual to mechanical and automated operations Service vessels: Specialized vessel for maritime aquaculture operations m in length Increased diversification of vessel designs and deck equipment Well boats: New set of operations and new strict rules and requirements Increased capacity 4500 m3 can carry 700 tons of live salmon 8

9 OECD Future Prospects of Marine Aquaculture Workshop Main challenges and constrains to growth Perception and acceptance Environmental impact of fish farms in coastal regions Improved disease management Fish feed (marine oil (EPA/DHA) and marine protein) Suitable area for farming Technological development Regulatory framework and predictability role of the public sector Market development 9

10 Offshore/exposed farming Need of more space - fewer and larges farms Improved production environment with stable conditions and greater dispersal of wastes Existing traditional farming equipment for Hs up to 5 m Distance and logistical challenges Duration of weather window of operations Reliability and operability - predictability 10

11 Next generation offshore fish farms? Development license to demonstrate new technology with high investment cost Ocean Farming/SalMar Ocean Farming/SalMar Diameter of 110 meter and 67 meter high Tested for Hs of 5 meter 8 times volume of a regular large cage AKVA group AKVA group AS 11 Adaption of existing farming equipment With submerged air dome Nordlaks 430 meter of length and 54 meter wide Capacity of ton Designed for Hs of 10 meter Nordlaks AS

12 Remote control and decision support Precision Finfish Farming (PFF) 12

13 Industrialization and mechanization of non-fed marine aquaculture 13

14 Possibilities for co-use of space 1. Aquaculture operations with no or limited interactions (non fed aquaculture) 2. Aquaculture operations which require supply of feed (fed aquaculture) 3. Artificial reefs provide breeding grounds and juvenile habitats 4. Fishing with specialized gear and trained vessel operators University of Kyushu 14

15 Potential synergies From: H2020 Mermaid Wei He, Statoil Joint technology development Pre survey and installation Common management, operations and use of vessels Common use of personnel, transport and living quarters Sharing of the infrastructures, installations and services Main challenges for fin fish aquaculture - water depth and feed logistics Main challenge for wind operators - safety and risk management 15

16 16 Fishing activities within a wind park

17 Market perspective finfish Salmon Japanese amberjack Rainbow trout 17 (FAO 2014)

18 Will we see "big three" in marine aquaculture??? 18

19 Teknologi for et bedre samfunn