Water and Sanitation Program

Transcription

1 Water and Sanitation Program Discussion Session B Medium Term Sub-sectoral Strategies Jae So, Program Manager WSP Council Meeting London, England June 12, 2008

2 Strategic Framework 10 year Strategic Operational Principles WSP Strategy 5-year Medium-Term Sub-sectoral frameworks Sanitation Country M&E Domestic PSP Hygiene 3-year rolling Business Plan Regional and Country Strategies Project Sheets 3-year rolling With 1-year Emphasis 2

3 Outline Medium-Term Sanitation Strategy Context Trends and Challenges Strategic Response Issues for Discussion Other Sub-sector Strategies 3

4 Context WSP Medium-Term Strategic Framework on Sanitation This document provides a medium-term strategy for WSP s sanitation program. The document supports the directions set out in the WSP Global Strategy, and is the first among several sub-sector strategies for discussion with the council Other sectoral strategies will be prepared during the FY09-11 business period 4

5 Global Trends and Challenges Access Gap 2.5 billion people without proper access to basic sanitation Progress made in the past decade, but the absolute numbers of unserved population have not changed Rising income inequalities 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% Sanitation MDG Target The richest are three times more likely to use improved sanitation than the poor Rapid urbanization Changing aid architecture and LICs Decline in Infrastructure ODA in 1990 s Lack of Donor Harmonization 0% Middle East North Africa LAC SE As ia East As ia South Asia Target Increasing spatial disparities and demand for infrastructure services Decentralization of service provision and policymaking Geater responsibilities on local governments for infrastructure and other basic services 5 SSA

6 Challenges of the Sanitation Sector Insufficient Attention Costs of Inaction Enormous financing needs Demand for sustainable solutions Annual Investment Needs: WSS USD bn Maintenance Capital Water Sanitation Waste Water Rural 6WSS

7 WSPs Strategic Response Behavior Change and Demand for Sanitation Leveraging Financial Resources Improved Service Levels Improved Governance Programmatic Approaches and Sanitation Roadmaps Monitoring and Evaluation Cross-Sectoral Linkages 7

8 Issues for Discussion Monitoring sanitation progress is based most of the time on unreliable data. Should WSP be more engaged in providing TA on sanitation monitoring? How do we build on resource intensive learning agenda currently under way to support scale up? How can we address the needs of the poor in the context of city-wide sanition? Sanitation financing remain a major challenge. There are new emerging initiatives (micro-credit, Sanitation Global Fund, leveraging private capital). How far should WSP be involved in promoting new financing schemes? How do we demonstrate impact of upstream work towards achieving the MDGs? Should WSP integrate hygiene behavior change interventions into sanitation programs? Or should hygiene be addressed separately to ensure it gets proper attention? 8

9 Outline Medium-Term Sanitation Strategy Other Sub-sector Strategies Domestic Private Sector Participation (DPSP) Initiative Hygiene Strategy for Strengthening National M&E Systems Support to Harmonization and Alignment Urban Service Delivery to the Poor Communications for Reform 9

10 Domestic Private Sector in WSS Background Launched in 2005, $12 million, three-year program funded by DFID to: Promote an enabling environment for domestic private operators Develop the capacity of the supply and demand sides of the water and sanitation market WSP Approach Support client countries and multi lateral initiatives to leverage greater financial and technical inputs from the domestic private sector DPSP Workshop, London, June 10 & 11,

11 Increasing presence Vibrant and diverse Bridge a gap between public systems and unserved people Urban, peri-urban, urban poor, rural population Effective at delivering services to the poor Innovative approaches that target the customer But face roadblocks to scaling up on enabling policies, capacity, and financing 11

12 DPSP Focus Utility benchmarking Enabling legislation Appropriate regulatory framework Consumer voice Communication and advocacy Delegated Management Models Pro-poor units in utilities Business Development Services Sanitation marketing PPPs in hygiene Microfinance Output-based aid Transaction support Shadow credit rating Product Development Financiers, Service Providers Government, Public Agencies Policy and Business Enabling Environment Customer-Oriented Service Provision Access to Finance Consumers 12

13 WSP s DPSP Work Enabling legislation (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) Appropriate regulatory framework (Pakistan, Mozambique, Bolivia) Consumer voice (Kenya, India, Rwanda, Mozambique) Communication and advocacy (India, Pakistan) Utility benchmarking (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) Financiers, Service Providers Delegated Management Models (Kenya, Rwanda, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Mali, Peru) Pro-poor units in utilities (Kenya, Bangladesh) Business Development Services (Cambodia, Kenya, Philippines, Indonesia) Sanitation marketing (Peru) PPPs in hygiene (Vietnam, Peru) Microfinance (Kenya, Peru) Output-based aid (Kenya, India) Transaction support (Kenya, Uganda) Shadow credit rating (Africa region) Product Development (Peru, Kenya, Government, Public Agencies Policy and Business Enabling Environment Customer-Oriented Service Provision Access to Finance Government, Public Agencies Consumers Consumers Policy and Business Enabling Environment Customer-Oriented Service Provision Access to Finance Service Providers 13

14 Going Forward Improving service providers access to resources Business Regulation - Licensing - Service performance agreements Business Development Services Product/Service Development Demand/Awareness creation Links to Financing & Partners Implementation Support Bringing private financing into the sector Regulatory and Legal Framework - Financial Market - Sector-specific Private and Products and Public Finance Instruments Blending - Sector Intelligence - A range of instruments - fiscal incentives - Risk Mitigation - output-based aid Project and Provider Financing Post-Transaction Support 14

15 Other Sub-Sector Strategies Background Hygiene Strategy Hygiene improvements critical to health outcomes Challenges remain in improving hygiene behaviors on a large scale WSP Approach Demonstrate sustained and correct handwashing with soap at substantial scale in four pilot countries Develop knowledge and tools for effective replication and scaling up in other countries Integrate effective hygiene promotion (behavior change interventions and performance monitoring) in key water and sanitation operations and in other sectors 15

16 Other Sub-Sector Strategies Background Strategy for Strengthening National M&E Systems The MDGs have led to an unprecedented mobilization of resources, including for the water and sanitation sector M&E systems in WSS is complex WSP Approach: Scale up sector-level monitori Country Status Overviews (CSOs) Sector Information and Monitoring Systems (SIMS) Utilities Benchmarking and Beyond Lessons from Project-level M&E M&E Systems Complex National Institutions and Interactions MDG Reporting Global Monitoring National Water And Sanitation Sector Complex Institutions Country, sub-national, and agency-level M&E systems for: Management, planning, oversight, institutional relations Statistical Agencies 16 J M P

17 Other Sub-Sector Strategies Background Support to Harmonization and Alignment Proliferation of donors and development agencies and multiple systems straining government capacity and distracting focus WSP Approach Work with other donors and development agencies to catalyze partnerships and leverage financial investments into WSS services Support more programmatic approaches for WSS sub-sectors Strengthen linkages between global partnerships and countrylevel activities to provide resources to governments HARMONIZATION (donor-donor) The Building Blocks for Aid Effectiveness ALIGNMENT (donor-government) OWNERSHIP (government) Common Arrangements Alignment with Govt. Agenda Govt Sets the Agenda Reliance on Govt. Systems Simplification of Procedures Sharing of Information 17

18 Other Sub-Sector Strategies Urban Service Delivery to the Poor World Background Rapid growth of slums is a major concern High density and inadequate urban planning makes provision of sanitation services in slums particularly difficult WSP Approach Serve as independent source of knowledge for sector community Contribute to the sector agenda in project design and influencing partner programs Population, billions Urban populations growing rapidly; further widening the WSS financing gap Financing Gap: Annual Investment Needs for WSS, EAP ECA LCR MNA SAR SSA Urban Rural Foster partnerships and collaboration with other learning organizations USD bn Urban Rural 18 Source: World Development Indicators; World Bank estimates

19 Other Sub-Sector Strategies Background Communications for Reform A limited understanding of sector issues and options and limited capacity to communicate and consult effectively WSP Approach Provide information on benefits and consequences of water sector reforms Train frontline service providers on communication skills needed to inform, persuade, and motivate the poor who require access to improved water and sanitation services Assist civil society in monitoring project implementation, facilitating dialogue with field-based implementation agencies on key issues that hinder public acceptance and support for projects Engage media professionals in two-way dialogue on key issues on water sector reforms for balanced treatment of stories in print and broadcast media 19

20 Financing Gap Estimated annual need for capital investment and maintenance over $110 billion USD bn Annual Investment Needs: WSS Maintenance Capital Policy/Institutional Gap Even with increased financing, need for better policy and institutions for more effective service delivery Water Sanitation Waste Water Rural WSS Infrastructure Investment with Private Participation Energy Transport Telecom WSS Public sector alone cannot bridge these gaps so need for publicprivate solutions USD bn Source: PPI Database, World Bank estimates 20