Integrated Pest Management 1: Sampling. Matthew J. Grieshop PhD Department of Entomology Michigan State University

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1 Integrated Pest Management 1: Sampling Matthew J. Grieshop PhD Department of Entomology Michigan State University

2 Integrated Pest Management "A decision support system for the selection and use of pest control tactics singly or harmoniously coordinated into a management strategy, based on cost-benefit analyses that take into account the interests and impacts on producers, society, and environment. "

3 Key Elements of Integrated Pest Systems Approach Sampling and Monitoring: Population Ecology Application of Thresholds: Economic Models Multiple Strategies: Integration

4 IPM Terminology Strategies Economics Biology Planning Sampling Tactics

5 Prokopy's Four Phases of IPM Single Pest Focus All Pest focus Systems focus Global focus Prokopy, R Integration in orchard pest and habitat management: A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 50: 1-10.

6 Prokopy's Four Phases of IPM Single Pest Focus All Pest focus Systems focus Global focus Prokopy, R Integration in orchard pest and habitat management: A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 50: 1-10.

7 Prokopy's Four Phases of IPM Single Pest Focus All Pest focus Systems focus Global focus Prokopy, R Integration in orchard pest and habitat management: A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 50: 1-10.

8 Crop Selection Sampling Cultural Practices Resistance Pest Biology N.E. Biology Phenology Thresholds PM Inputs The IPM Pyramid

9 Crop Selection Sampling Cultural Practices Resistance Pest Biology N.E. Biology Phenology Thresholds PM Inputs The IPM Pyramid Bottom Up PM

10 Crop Selection Sampling Cultural Practices Resistance Pest Biology N.E. Biology Phenology Thresholds PM Inputs The IPM Pyramid Top Down PM Bottom Up PM

11 Crop Selection Sampling Cultural Practices Resistance Pest Biology N.E. Biology Phenology Thresholds PM Inputs The IPM Pyramid Focus of Most IPM Top Down PM Bottom Up PM

12 IPM Decision Support Identification Population Monitoring Damage and economic loss Available controls Interactions Environmental and Legal Restraints

13 Crop Biology Sampling Cultural Practices Resistance PM Inputs Pest Biology N.E. Biology Phenology Thresholds Identification

14 Sampling Phenology Thresholds Identification

15 Identification Sampling Phenology Thresholds Do we have a problem? How severe is it? Can it be economically managed?

16 Identification Sampling Phenology Thresholds vs. Do we have a problem? How severe is it? Can it be economically managed?

17 Pest Severity PEST STATUS Pest Species Crop Species Population Management Costs Market Value Susceptibility to Damage Damage Charateristics

18 Surveillance vs. Sampling Invasive Species Migratory Species

19 Sampling Provides spatial data for phenological predictions Sampling Units and Habitable Space Qualitative vs. Quantitative Two types of samples: Absolute and Relative.

20 Absolute vs. Relative Sampling Absolute Direct observation Total census of pests within a % ground area Discrete Sampling Units Relative Indirect observation Not tied to a % ground surface area Less discrete Sampling Units

21 Absolute vs. Relative Sampling Absolute Direct observation Total census of pests within a % ground area Discrete Sampling Units Relative Indirect observation Not tied to a % ground surface area Less discrete Sampling Units Can be converted

22 Sampling and Spatial pattern Random, Clumped, Uniform distributions Pest most typically exhibit Clumped distributions Direct measurements provide more useful spatial data Spatial distribution may change with time

23 Direct Sampling Methods Quadrat Frame for Weed Counts Beat Sheet for Insects Soil Probe

24 Damage Evaluation Usually viewed as % crop with damage Can be of limited utility Why? For what types of pests?

25 Trapping Intercept Trap Spore Trap Suction Trap Pheromone Trap

26 Sequential Sampling

27 What do we do with samples??

28 Phenological Models Provide start times or biofix for Degree Day Models

29 Codling Moth Apr May Jun Jul Aug adults Bloom PF egg laying hatch Biofix Degree-days (base 50 F post-biofix)

30 Targeting Pest Management

31

32 Predict Population

33 Predict Population Predict Damage

34 Predict Population Predict Damage Pest Management Thresholds

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