Impact Analysis Study of National Project For Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB)-Phase II in Odisha

Transcription

1 Impact Analysis Study of National Project For Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB)-Phase II in Odisha Submitted to Orissa Livestock Resource Development Society Government of Odisha, Bhubaneshwar Prepared by NABARD Consultancy Services (P) Ltd Third Floor-C wing,nabard Head Office, Bandra-Kurla Complex,Mumbai E mail:nabcons@nabard.org Phone : /9373 FAX :

2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The study team is grateful to Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India for assigning the Impact analysis study of National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding - Phase II to NABCONS. Special thanks are due to Shri. Rudra Gangadharam, Secretary; Shri Dileep Rath,Former Joint Secretary(A&DD); Shri Sanjeev Ranjan,Former Joint Secretary(A&DD); Ms Rajni Sekhri Sibal,Joint Secretary (C&DD) and Dr. Bhushan Tyagi, Asst Commissioner for providing guidance while conceptualizing and undertaking the study and writing the Report. The study would have not been completed without the excellent co-operation and support of shri Satyabrata Sahu,IAS,Principal Secretary to Govt, Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department, Govt. of Odisha ;Shri Benudhar Dash, IAS, Director of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services, Govt. of Odisha and Dr Sanat Mishra,CEO,OLRDS.All the help received from the field staff of DAH & VS,staff of OLRDS,Dairy federation and Utkal Gomangal Samiti is also thankfully acknowledged. We are very grateful to all the dairy farmers who gave their frank opinion and feed back about the project activities.

3 CONTENTS Chapter No. Particulars Page No. Abbreviations Executive Summary and Recommendations 1 Introduction 4 2. National Project for Cattle & Buffalo Breeding -Genesis and salient features 8 3. State profile and live stock scenario State Implemating Agency (SIA) 2 5. Physical and financial progress of the project SIA and its viability Progeny Testing,Bull productin and Conservation Programs 8. Frozen semen production and bull station 5 9. Semen Banks 7 1. Liquid Nitrogen procurement, storage and distribution system Performance of AI and NS centres Training infrastructure and programs Impact of breeding program Integration of the project with other schemes for funding Legislative back up required for certification of various122 components 16. Constraints in cattle and buffalo development Investments required 126 Annexures

4 DISCLAIMER This document has been prepared by NABARD Consultancy Services on behalf of Odisha Livestock Resources Development Society(OLRDS), Bhubaneshwar based on the information provided by the OLRDS, information collected during field visits and the interactions with the stake holders. The views expressed in the report are advisory in nature and do not represent or reflect the policy or views of National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development(NABARD) on the subject.nabcons/nabard accepts no financial liability what so ever to anyone in using this report.

5 Abbreviations Abbreviation Specification A ADRI Animal Disease Research institute ABINS Animal Breeding Information Network System AH Animal husbandry AI Artificial Insemination APA Annual Progress Report AV Artificial Vagina ASCAD Assistance to states for Control of Animal Diesease APHCA Animal Product & Health Commission for Asia & Passific AVAS Assistant Veterinary Assistant Surgeon B BQ Black Quarter BCPDS Binjarpuri Cattle Promoters and Development Society BVD Bovine veneral Disease BAIF Bhartiya Agro Industries Foundation BOC British Oxygn Company BOD Board of Directors BMF Bull Mother Farm BRC Bull Rearing Centre C CADRAD Centre for Animal Disease Research & Diagnosis CB Cross bred CCBF Central Cattle Breeding Farm CDVO Chief District Veterinary Officer CEO Chief Executive Officer CHRS Central Herd Registration Scheme CPMU Central Project Monitoring Unit CMC Central Monitoring Cell CSO Central Statistical Organization CSWRI Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute COVAS College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences D DAHDF Department of Animal Husbandry,Dairying & Fisheries DAHVS Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary services DAHO Disrict Animal Husbandry Officer DRDA Disrict Rural Development Agency DD Deputy Director DDL Diesease Diagnostic laboratory DLRDS District Livestock Resources Development Society E EFST Extension of Frozen Semen Technology ETT Embryo Transfer Technology F FPR Field Performance Recording FPRS Field Performance Recording scheme FMD Foot & Mouth Disease FPTP Field Progeny Testing Programme FSB Frozen Semen Bank G GIS Geological Information System GoI Govertment of India GoO Govertment of Odisha

6 GSDP Gross State Domestic Product H HF Holstein Friesian HS Haemoregic Septicaemia I ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Research ILDP Intensive Livestock Development Programme ILDC Intensive Livestock Development Center Ind Indigenous IBR Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis INAPH Information Network for Animal productivity & Health IDDP Integrated Dairy Development Project IVRI Indian Veterinary Research Institue IRMA Institute of Rural Management, ANAND J Jy Jersey JD Johne s Disease K KVK Krishi Vigyan Kendra L LACs Livestock Assistant Centers LI Livesock Inspector LITC Livestock Inspector Training Center LLPD Lakh Litre Per Day M MSP Minimum Standard Protocol MIS Management Information System MGNREGS Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme MT Metric Ton MF Marginal Farmer MCC Milk Chilling Centre MOET Multiple Ovulation & Embryo Transfer N NPCBB National Project for Cattle & Buffalo Breeding NBPP National Bull Production Program NGOs Non Govt. Organizations NIRD National Institute of Rural development NSDP Net State Domestic Product NBAGR National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources NPRE National Project on Rinderpest ND Non desript NSG National Semen Grid NDDB National Dairy development Board NDRI National Dairy Research Institute O OF Operation Flood OMFED Orissa Milk Federation ONBS Open Nucleus Breeding System OUAT Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology OVS Orissa Veterinary Services P PTP Progeny Testing Program PTB Progeny Tested Bull PMPP Prime Minister Package Program PPP Public Private Parnership PD Pregnancy Diagnosis/Project Director PTM Post Thaw Motility R RKVY Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana R & D Research and Development

7 RDIL Regional Disease Investigation Laboratory RS Red Sindhi RLMC Regional Level Monitoring Comittee S SGSY Swarozgar Gram Sahay Yojana SAU State Agricultural University SARVD State Animal Resources and Veterinary Department SDVO Sub Divisional Veterinary Officer SHG Self Help Group SIA State Implementing Agency SLMC State Level Monitoring Comittee SMS Subject Matter Specialist SOP Standerd Operating Procedures SLRDC State Livestock Resources Development Committee SF Small Farmer T TB Tuberculosis TKSP Technolgy-Knowledge Strategic Partnership TMDD Technology mission on dairy development U UVL Ultra Violet Light UGS Utkal Gomangal Samiti V VAS Veterinary Assistant Surgeon VOTI Veterinary Officers Training Centre VT Veterinary technician Z ZP Zilla Parishad

8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The context: Livestock production had always been an integral part of rural livelihood system in Odisha. The predominant farming system is mixed crop-livestock. Livestock wealth of state is numerically impressive across all species, though the productivity level is very low. Livestock holding in Odisha is equitable as over 8 percent of all livestock are owned by small/ marginal farmers and landless rural people. Cattle is most popular and preponderant species. This sector has ample scope to substantially enhance the production, generate employment, and income generating opportunities for rural people to enhance livelihood security. The Department of AH & Dairying, Govt. of India has appropriately initiated a major program for genetic improvement of cattle and buffaloes in two phases of 5 years each from October 2 under National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB). The project aims at reorganization and reorientation of the cattle and buffalo breeding in the country by establishing a separate state-implementing agency in each state. The Odisha Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) is the SIA to implement the programme in association with State Animal Resource and Veterinary Department. The Govt. of India has awarded the Impact analysis study of NPCBB-Phase II in Odisha to Nabcons, a subsidiary of NABARD. 2. Terms Of Reference(TOR): The broad terms of reference of the study included the physical verification of the infrastructure created by the State Implementing Agency (SIA), utilization of funds in conformity with the components mentioned in the sanction order, evaluation of the liquid nitrogen transport, storage and distribution system, benefits accrued through institutional restructuring in the State, evaluation of performance of various AI centres and cost efficiency in respect of private AI workers, possible integration of the project with a scheme for rural development department and other agencies, feed and fodder situation in the State and its effects on reproductive Status of animals and also perception of stakeholders. 3. Sampling: NABCONS conducted the study on impact analysis of the National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding in Haryana with the reference year 27-8 to Dr S K Bhanja, Former Director,NIRD with the assistance of field investigators and the cooperation of stakeholders conducted the study during June to October 211 and collected data in structured formats from 65 A I centres providing the AI services, 9 custodians maintaining bulls for NS and 366 farmers spread over 14 districts of Odisha state. Besides interacting with the officers of the Department of Animal Husbandry, Milk Federation, Gomitras, BAIF,farmers maintaining bulls for natural service and dairy farmers, the team also visited 1 Frozen Semen Bull Station, 14 semen banks, two Bull Mother/Rearing Farms and 2 Training centers.

9 4. State Implementing Agency: The government of Odisha has established the Odisha Livestock Resources Development Society(OLRDS), as an independent registered society since October 2 as per the directives of Govt. of India. Though it is an independent body to implement NPCBB in the state, the assets and the services of personnel already working with the Department of Veterinary Services have not been transfered to OLRDS. They continue to be in administrative control of the Veterinary Department. The SIA functions in the Campus of OBPI sharing the space on temporary basis. All the technical and non technical manpower excepting the Chief Executive Officer are positioned on deployment basis. They do not get any deputation allowance or incentive in OLRDS. Yet there exist a strong bondage between OLRDS with the Dept. of Veterinary service that enables efficient implementation of the programme in the state. 5. Cattle and buffalo development potential: According to the 27 livestock census there has been gradual decline in total number of both indigenous cattle and buffaloes in the state. The indigenous cattle population declined from lakh in 23 to in 27 and buffaloes from 14.38lakh to lakh ie clear decline of 11 and 13.8 percent respectively. The clear choice has been in favour of CB cattle. The average per day milk production by CB cattle is 5.11 lts compared to 2.53 lts by buffalo and only.87 lts by local cattle respectively. The state has 4 recognized cattle breeds namely Binjharpuri, Mottu, Ghumsari and Khariar and one buffalo breed namely Chilika. All of them are dual purpose breeds with tremendous future potential as have developed in local environment. These breeds needs to be preserved and improved through Open Nucleus Breeding System (ONBS). Present annual milk production is around 1.6 million MT with average per capita availability of 113 gm. To uplift the rural economy of the state and nutritional standard of people, it is essential to improve the genetic makeup of the existing bovine population for higher milk production. The only way is cross breeding with exotic breeds and upgrading the existing ND cattle with high yielding animals of potential indigenous breeds using AI/NS. Presently there are 61 functional AI centers and 115 NS centers. Only 2 percent of the breedable population is covered under AI in the state. The potential is not even through out the state. Hence differential positive intervention have to be made on the dairy intensive and potential areas by concentrating AI activities. Some of the AI centers of Department and OMFED need to be closed/ transferred to other potential areas, where there is over lapping. 6. Fodder production: The green and dry fodder availability in the state has been estimated to be 52 and 76 percent of the requirement respectively. Success of dairy development depends on economic nutritional feeding. There is need to assess district wise feed and fodder requirement and develop district wise action plans. The funds available from MGNREGS may be considerd to develop community pasture land.

10 7. Financial and Physical Progress: The project implementing agency namely OLRDS with serious financial and administrative constraints besides limited man power have strived to achieve remarkable results in the implementation of the project. For the second phase of NPCBB, the state was sanctioned a total sum of Rs358.1lakh for a period of 5 years. Of the total amount sanctioned, Rs have been actually released by Govt. of India. The SIA has so far utilized Rs lakhs as per the approved project components.there by it could achieve percent utilization. Balance utilization of Rs 345 lakh awaits administrative approval. In the second phase the emphasis has been on consolidating the gains made in the first phase of NPCBB implementation. The Frozen Semen Bank has been strengthened as per the requirements of Central Monitoring Unit followed with minimum standard protocol. Frozen semen bank has been awarded with ISO91: 28 certificate with Grade B by GOI. One additional semen storage system have been established at FSB. Four regional semen banks at Baleswar, Chiplima, Bhabanipatna and Berhampur have been strengthened, besides establishing 3 district level semen depots. Storage and supply of LN2 has been further strengthened by commisioning 2 Horizontal Road tankers for procurement and transport of LN2. Intra district LN2 and semen transport have been improved by providing 23 Mini Transport vehicles. Development and conservation of indigenous breed have been initiated. As a result four native breeds of cattle and one buffalo breed have been registered as identified breeds of our country. This is no mean achievement of OLRDS. Field progeny testing programme have been initiated with 1 CB bulls of FSB Cuttack. In view of the demand for high pedigreed CB bulls both for semen production and natural service, 13 blocks in four dairy intensive districts have been identified for taking up CB bull production by using high pedigreed imported bull semen on select high producing CB cows. One thousand eight hundred Gomitra have been trained and placed into service. One thousand six hundred Stationary AI centers have been provided additional facility to function as mobile center as well. Additionally 8 Govt. non AI centers have been converted as AI centers. GIS mapping has been developed in every District for preparing integrated cattle development planning. Thirty thousand cattle keepers have been oriented to manage infertility problems. 8. Viability of SIA: The question of viability of an organization should necessarily not be viewed only from the point of financial terms. The nature of the job and service provided by the organization must be taken into consideration in deciding viability. OLRDS is essentially involved in providing livestock breeding support to improve the livestock wealth and consequently improving the socioeconomic condition of the rural people, most particularly the below poverty group. Hence the organization primarily serves important social cause while enhancing to build National Wealth Base. Therefore, the viability of OLRDS should be examined from the stand point of enhancing the worth of livestock in the State/ National economy. However, partial cost recovery could be made from the nominal service charges collected from the end users.

11 9. Semen production: The state currently has only one functional frozen semen bull station at Khapuria, Cuttack. This has been appropriately modernized and strengthened with financial support of NPCBB. Currentlyit produced nearly eleven lakh doses of semen from 9 bulls comprising Jersey HF, Jersey/HF cross, Hariana and Red Sindhi. This could meet the major demand of the state. How ever the scope of its further expansion is not possible. As there is mounting demand for semen there is an urgent need to start the work on second semen production bull station at Chiplima, Sambalpur for which funds are already made available to the state. Since implementation of NPCBB in state the coverage of breedable population with AI has increased from 5.5 percent in 21-2 to 2 percent by year Yet, this is far less than the NPCBB target of 42 percent. There is need to increase the semen production capacity to 53 lakh doses in next five years to meet the targeted demand. 1. Semen Storage and Distribution: Frozen Semen Bank, Cuttack is the core activity center of semen production, import, storage and distribution to all over the state. With the NPCBB support besides production and quality control, the semen storage capacity has been enhanced by establishing one storage system in the semen laboratory. Four regional semen banks at Baleswar, Chiplima, Bhabanipatna, and Berhampur have been strengthened. For ensuring better distribution system 3 new semen banks, one in each district has been set up in the existing CDVO office. This needs financial support for further strengthening. For intra district distribution of semen straw and Sheath 2 numbers of transport containers and 24 Jumbo Straw Containers have been procured. Along with the LN2, semen is distributed by same vehicle, for which 23 mini transport vehicles have been added to the existing system. 11. Liquid Nitrogen Distribution: Smooth, adequate and timely distribution of LN2 is the key to maintain cold chain for success of AI practice. Since own production of Liquid Nitrogen was both expensive and faced with plant management problem, the state has been depending on out side Industrial LN2 producing agencies on open competitive tender basis. Presently BOC, Jamshedpur supplies LN2 at an over all landing cost of Rs 8.5. Two horizontal Road Tankers for bulk transport and 23 Max Pick up vans have been added to LN2 distribution system from NPCBB funding support. Although 13 vertical LN2 storage tanks have been placed at focal districts, Most of these vertical tankers are non-functional due to high percentage of evaporation. Intra district storage and distribution of LN2, TA 55 containers are being used. Due to repeated loading and un loading of these containers, there is frequent damage. Damaged containers are not timely replaced due to non provision of replacement fund in NPCBB. Major problem faced is lack of adequate field distribution personnel. Though the CDVOs are responsible for ensuring timely smooth distribution of semen and LN2, they are not vested with appropriate financial authority to hire vehicles or field transport man power in time of exigency.

12 12. Training: Human resource building and development has been an important component of the NPCBB project. During second phase efforts have been made to further build on the facilities created in the existing training infrastructure of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department. Major focus has been on refresher training to existing AI workers. Refresher course was attended by 3 Departmental AI workers and 135 GOMITRAS. Special higher skill programme on Frozen Semen Processing Technology and Bull management was attended by 4 senior officials. During the second phase of NPCBB, an amount of Rs. 14 lakh have been placed to FSB, Cuttack for strengthening of the Frozen Semen Training Institute, Cuttack. 13. Performance of AI/ NS Centers: There are 5 categories of AI institutions that provides AI service to the cattle owners, namely Stationary,mobile, Gomitra which is all mobile, NGO and OMFED. On Govt. Dept. side Mobile centers are the creation after implementation of NPCBB. Most of the existing stationary centers were additionally provided with one extra 3 LN2 container, and AI gun with Rs 3 cycle allowance and declared mobile. Service charge that is deposited to Department is Rs 1/ at center and Rs 2/ at the door step of the cattle owner. In case of Private AI worker (Gomitra) the Govt. has not fixed any charge, how ever the Gomitra has to deposit Rs 2/ per the semen straw used by him. The work condition, facilities and incentives to AI worker are different. Hence they are not copmparable. During 27-8,2884 stationary centers performed AI, that works out to217 per annum. This improved to 69877during with annual average of 234. How ever the no of AI done by Govt. mobile center remain almost un changed. The annual average by Govt. mobile center was 32.7 in 27-8 and 39.3 during The increase of AI coverage have been mostly due to private AI workers, (Gomitra). Total no of AI performed by Gomitra in 27-8 was only 4197 that went up to by , with annual average of 76 which comparably better to Govt. Mobile center. Besides these state secondary information, as part of the study, primary data was collected from 65 AI centers cnsisting of all 5 categories of AI institutions. According to this mini survey, on an average AI worker performed 47 AI per year with calf born success of percent. Additionally he performed 7494 vaccination.44 calf de worming and 1313 first aid treatment. On an average,each AI center covered over 15 breedable dairy cattle from 1 to 12 villages. 14. Functioning of Gomitra: Concept of engaging private AI worker on self support basis, though ideal in a dairy progressive region with support to carry on other livestock and agriculture self employed activity, it did not find the similar expected response in Odisha. In Odisha, Dairy farming so far has not emerged as economic enterprise. Cattle keeping is mostly traditional and a way of life of Odia culture. A lot has to be done to orient the Odia cattle keepers on scientific dairy enterprise through intensive extension service and educational activity. Cross breeding through AI is the starting point and AI is a basic extension service for breed improvement program. The assumption of private AI worker to make a living from the AI charges to cattle keepers, that after making a payment of Rs

13 2/ as cost of semen and LN2 supply sounds bit impractical in Odisha condition. Most of the Gomitra baring few exception (Those did practice veterinary first aid) hardly made any income from AI service. Average no of AI done by the Gomitra in the survey centers was between 2 to 25 per month with an average income of about Rs 4 per month. The Gomitra is given only 4 month training in AI and not suppose to attend veterinary first aid. He has been provided with YDS 3 portable container, AI gun, Sheath, semen straw and LN2 on regular replacement basis from the near by feeder center which is within 3 to 5 km. from his operational area. Department or SIA do not exercise any administrative control nor they are asked to report to any near by LI / VAS center for guidance and monitoring their work. No specific amount as AI charge to be collected by him from the cattle owner is fixed. He is not provided with transport allowance or any other incentive. With such work condition it is difficult to expect them to be serious and motivated to undertake the crucial AI activity. There is urgent need to review the very concept of engaging Private AI worker and work out mechanism for enable the AI worker to earn a reasonable living. 15. Integration with other programmes: Livestock Development to improve rural livelihood is along term objective to be achieved through synergy of several other state/ central/ NGO programmes. All these programme activities and funds availables in them need to be integrated at a single nodal organization. In case of Odisha, It is OLRDS. Various programmes / Departmental activities that support NPCBB programme objectives in the state are, Animal Resource Development Department,GOO; Integrated Livestock Development Programme (Kalyani) implemented by BAIF; RKVY to support schemes like female CB calf Rearing, conduct of fertility health camps in dairy intensive Gram Panchayat and Livestock / calf insurance; Integrated Livestock Development in 13 Tribal Dominated Districts with funding support from Odisha Tribal Livelihood Development Programme implemented by JK Trust; Odisha Dairy Development Programme implemented by NDDB and Rural Infrastructure Development funding from NABARD. 16. Impact on programme Beneficiaries: i) Primary data to study the beneficiary opinion regarding programme implementation and impact of the programme on the livestock reproductive and productive performance have been collected from 325 beneficiaries who practiced AI and 41 beneficiaries who practiced NS mostly in case of buffalo from 65 AI centers from all 5 categories of centers and 9 NS centers. Some of the important observations are, ii) Change in animal holding pattern. The beneficiaries are going in favour of rearing CB cattle replacing the ND cows and buffaloes. Per house hold livestock holding has been significantly reduced in favour of high yielding quality animals. Average livestock holding size was 3.5 and of which, CB cattle was1.79 units, ND cows.81 and Buffaloes.9 including both graded and local type. Male animal number in the house hold herd size has been drastically reduced, male cattle calves are neglected to die early or are let out to become stray bull. How ever male buffalo calves have good demand for meat in Calcutta. Six monthsold buffalo male calves are sold for over Rs 5.

14 iii) There has been improvement in both reproductive and productive performance of the cattle and buffalo owned by the beneficiaries. The average service per confirmed pregnancy is1.33 in case of CB cows compared to 1.22 for ND cattle. The average milk yield per day is 7.56 liters for CB cattle and 2.44 liters for ND cattle. iv) Different parameters of breeding have been favorably responded in the following order, Timely and quality service (48.36%), Door step service (45.9%), Better access to AI (43.17%)and Reasonable cost by (26.23%). Further, the beneficiary awareness was more in respect of services such as vaccination and de worming compared to AI and follow up service. 17. Employment Generation: Over 95% beneficiaries agreed that adopting improved dairy practice promoted under the program required extra hours of work, there by generating more employment opportunity at home, particularly for the women folk. The extent of extra hours of employment created has been reported in following order, 1-2 hours (54.31%),above 2 hours (27.3%) and less than a hour by (18.39%). This safely concludes that adoption of improved dairy practice has been able to absorb the surplus non working hours for productive purpose. 18. Additional Income Generation: Nearly 85% of the beneficiaries reported that their income have increased due to practice of improved dairy farming technology. The percentage of beneficiaries reported extra income above Rs 5 per annum was47.59, followed by 26.5 who reported extra income within the range of Rs 3 to Rs5.Only 1.61 percent reported extra income less than Rs 1. Thus, it is a fact that dairy continues as key to improve the economic condition of marginal and land less house hold that constitute majority of BPL house holds in rural areas. 19. Recommendations: Livestock breed development is a long process; ten years time is too little to achieve this objective. Further looking at the gradual encouraging response of the rural people across the state, it is necessary that NPCBB is extended by another 1 years period. One time creation of physical and man power facilities (Gomitra) with out financial support for meeting recurring expenditure such as replacement of damaged semen/ln2 containers, incentives to Gomitra etc, could not produce desired result particularly for states with financial constraint. It is therefore suggested that provision be made in NPCBB to meet recurring expenditure as a special case for Odisha. The component of extension education activities to generate greater awareness and farmers participation need to be given priority with appropriate funding support from NPCBB/ State resource. Odisha Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) has been established to act as SIA for implementation of NPCBB. Their role in development of livestock sector in the state does not end with closer of the programme. This new institution has to continue to play more active role in the future. Hence it is most urgent that the state Government

15 take necessary action to provide separate planned budget at the disposal of CEO, OLRDS to meet recurring expenditures and undertake state specific additional project based activities to promote livestock development. Excepting the CEO all the staffs of OLRDS are on deployment basis from the parent Department. The administrative control of the staff continues to be with their parent Department. OLRDS being independent institution, there is an urgent need to create regular positions in OLRDS and transfer the service of these ofiicials on regular basis. There is need to extend AI facility to other uncovered and potential areas. NPCBB may provide support for training of personnel and setting up of additional AI centers in the state. High quality bull is the core of semen production. NPCBB should continue to support this activity by providing funds for at least two Bull Mother/ bull calf rearing farms. Office of the OLRDS and all the 3 numbers of semen depots / LN2 storage at the CDVO office are functioning with out proper accommodation. OLRDS operates from OBPI campus on temporary accommodation. There is a need for one time building grant of Rs 15 crore for construction of these buildings. Success of NS programme particularly for improvement of indigenous buffaloes largely depends on the bull host. Currently it is a voluntary activity.this arrangement is non functional. It is proposed that funding support be provided to the bull host for feeding and maintenance ofthe bull. Steps to conserve the native breeds through establishment of Nucleus Herds in the respective tracts of cattle and buffaloes. The existing breeders organizations/ngos may be promoted for conservation and improvement of native breed The private AI workers (GOMITRA) currently operate independently. He should be attached to a near by LivestockInspectorCenter or Veterinary Doctor for regular guidance and monitoring of activity. Currently LN2 is obtained from only one supplier. It may be desirable to engage multiple agency than a single agency.

16 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General Scenario of Livestock Sector in Odisha: Livestock sector in Odisha is highly livelihood intensive and over 8 per cent of itsrural households own livestock of one species or the other and earn supplementary incomefrom them. Livestock holding is less inequitous than land holding and income from livestock ismore equitably distributed. The sector contributes 6 per cent of the state s Net DomesticProduct and, therefore, development of the livestock sector is the critical pathway to ruralprosperity. Livestock production is predominantly the endeavor of the small holders.marginal and small farmers account for some 8 per cent of the total operational holdings.together with the landless they own 6 per cent of the milch animals, 55 per cent of thedraught animals, 75 per cent of the poultry, over 8 per cent of the goat and almost theentire sheep and pig population and over half of them live below the poverty line. Womenplay a crucial role in the day to day management of livestock. Income from livestock is therefore a substantial supplement to the overwhelminglysubsistence farming systems in rural Odisha. Enabling them to maximize livestock incomecan make all the difference between subsistence and progressively viable farming systems. It is therefore extremely important that the Animal Husbandry particularly Dairy sector is given due attention andjudicious investment is made to enhance the productivity and health care coverage. The critical role the Government proposes to play, therefore, is to help them to maximize returnson hitherto free resources of crop residues, grazing and family labour. For this the Govt of Odisha with central assistance has initiated several policy interventions and action plans to upgrade thelivestock productivity through genetic improvement of the local indigenous cattle carefully adopting cross breeding and simultaneously improving some of the local specific cattle breeds by organizing breeders associations (Binjharpuri cattle and Chilika Buffalo).Specific policies are proposed and put into action by the state government through both Department of AH & dairy and newly constituted Orissa Livestock resources Development Society (OLRDS). Artificial Insemination (AI)is the most critical tool for quick and extensive breed improvement.odisha is yet to exploit this tool to the full advantage, in spite ofestablishing very large infrastructure and skill pool.the state has restructure management of AIsystem as critical reform for establishing intermediate production systems. The task therefore has been transferred to OLRDS as the sole independent agency in confirmation with National policy to provide high quality AI inputs like genetically evaluated bulls, frozen semen and liquid nitrogen and their supply to all AI practitioners(gomitras). AI which earlier was mostly confined to veterinary dispensaries and AI centers has been mobile to deliver the service at farmer s door step so that the cattle owner is saved from the difficulties of bringing the animal to AI center which was a major reason for poor acceptance of AI practice. This has resulted in definite improvement of AI coverage of the local cattle.three important organizations namely Orissa Livestock Resource

17 Development Society,Orissa state co-operative Milk Producers Federation and the Utkal Gomangal Samiti together play critical role in translating the breed improvement programme in the state. The Orissa Livestock Resource Development Society (OLRDS), aregistered society under the Societies Act, has taken over all the AI infrastructure of Department of Animal husbandry & veterinary services,except the field AI centers. Itorganizes all the genetic inputs for breeding of cattle andbuffalo and establish a state-wide infrastructure for bulk transportation,storage and distribution of liquid nitrogen. Frozen semen and liquid nitrogen besides other critical inputs are delivered to all AIpractitioners at their doorstep by the OLRDS, against payment. The Orissa State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation (OMFED) and the milkunions affiliated to it have been given greater autonomy, greater member control andreduced Government interventions in order to enable it to pursue its charter and businessinterest as a commercial enterprise of producer members. The Utkal Gomangal Samiti (UGS) is taking larger responsibilities in promotingnatural breeding service and use of cross bred bulls. 1.2 Background: Breed improvement is the corearea livestock contribution to rural economy. Though Odisha has a large cattle population, the per animal productivity and total milk production is low in the state. Hence the state has been covered under the National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB) lunched since October 2 for a period of 1 years in two phases of 5 years each.npcbb envisaged genetic upgradation on priority basis by reorganization and reorientation of the cattle and buffalo breeding operation in the country. The implementation of the second phase of the programme is in progress since 27.The Department of Animal husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Government of India awarded a consultancy study for impact analysis of the program in Odishato NABCONS, a subsidiary of NABARD. Accordingly the study was undertaken with the following terms of reference. 1.3Terms of reference of the study: 1. Whether the state has utilized the funds in conformity with the components mentioned in the sanction order and the deviations if any are justified or not. 2. Physical verification of the infrastructure created by the state under NPCBB. 3. Evaluation of the Liquid Nitrogen transport, storage and distribution system strengthened under the project. It should cover the sustainability as well as alternatives. 4. Benefits accrued through institutional restructuring in the state i.e. creation of State Implementing Agency for production and supply of breeding inputs. 5. Evaluation of the performance of the AI workers, (Government, Cooperative, Private and NGO) viability and cost efficiency in respect of private AI workers.

18 6. Possible integration of the project with schemes for rural development (SGSY) / multilateral / bilateral projects for financial / technical inputs. Contribution obtained by the state from these programme in terms of Physical and financial inputs taken. 7. Role of the Project in employment generation, direct and indirect employment generation attained under the project. 8. Existing procedure for testing bulls and bull mothers against various sexually transmitted diseases and periodicity. 9. Perception of stakeholders (beneficiaries) in terms of their requirements from the project. 1. Feed and fodder situation, quality of fodder and its effects on reproductive status of animals in the state. 11. Existing procedure for treating the animals after 3 AIs and treating repeat breeders. 12. Legislative backup required for certification of semen station/semen/embryos/bull mother farms and private AI worker 1.4 Study Team : Professor S.K. Bhanja,as a consultant conducted the study in Odisha with the assistance of DAH&VS, OLRDS and NABARD under the overall guidance of Dr K R Rao, Team leader of the study at National level. Dr Bhanja is a Graduate in Veterinary Science and A.H. from Odisha Veterinary college with Masters and Ph.D in Dairy Extension from National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. He has held senior position in Research Management under ICAR and was Faculty Director of various Centers of National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD) namely Extension and Transfer of Technology, Center of Natural Resource Management, Center of Institution Building and Training, and Center for Planning Monitoring andevaluation. He also worked as Joint Director( Extension) at IVRI,Izatnagar,UP.He is widely traveled both in Indiaand Abroad in connection with research and training in Rural Development. Has given leadership to various Rural Development Research, Training, and Consultancy Projects at NIRD during his 23 years of service of which 19 years as Faculty Director. Presently retired from active Govt.Service and works as free lance consultant for Rural Development related activities. 1.5Field visits and Meetings: The primary/secondary data from the AI Centers, NS Bull Centers and the programbeneficiaries was collected by engaging field investigators who were briefly trained before commencing the field work. Separate formats were used for collection of data from them.in order to cross check the field data and to study the activities of the implementing agency, working of bull stations, semen banks / depots, cattle breeding farms, training centers, AI units, and natural service stations, and other related activities, the consultant visited all the sample districts included in the study. In each district some of the sample AI centers were visited to record field observations. Personal interaction was held with the officials of Department of AnimalHusbandry,Odisha Milk Federation, and OLRDS. Details of field visits and the names of officials contacted/interacted from various agencies are given in Table 1.1.

19 1.6Sample size,data collection and Analysis: Both purposive and proportionate sampling process was followed in selecting the sample. As per the sampling methodology laid down by GOI, 1% of the Frozen semen bull stations, Bull production and rearing farms were visted and interacted with the officials in addition to compilation of secondaty data. 5% of the semen banks and Training centres operating in different districts were selected such that they represent all the geo-political as well as agroclimatic zones.the semen banks falling in 14 districts included in the study are Keonjhar, Puri, Sundergarh, Nuapada, Bargarh, Cuttack, Jagatsingpur, Mayurbhanj, Ganjam, Dhenkanal, Sambalpur, Khurda, Kendrapada, and Balasore. AI service is provided by five agencies in the state. The agency wise sample units selected are - Government stationary AI centers manned by either VAS or Veterinary technician (3), Government mobile centers(28), OMFED (14), NGO ie BAIF(5) and Gomitra (15). In all 65 AI centers were selected. In difficult areas, Natural service is provided by supplying quality bulls and accordingly 9 natural service centers were also included in the study. From each center, 5 cattle keepers availing the services were selected in consultation with the concerned VAS and the AI worker representing various categories i.e.sc, ST and Women farmers.this together made 74 service centers and 366 programme beneficiaries( in respect of 3 centers the respondents were less).the district wise and componentwise sample units selected are given in Table 1.2. The secondary data pertaining to physical targets vis-à-vis achivements,the financial sanction, actual release vis-a-vis fund utilization and other data refelecting the programme implementation was collected from OLRDS from the available records as well as personal discussion with the concerned officials including the Chief Executive. The data so collected from secondary as well as primary sources have been put to appropriate statistical analysis. Together this formed the basis of the preparation of this report. 1.7 Limitation of the study: The study is based on limited sample size carefully drawn. The observations reported are based on the inference drawn from the sample. Secondary data is collected from the available official records and feed back given by the officials. There was no scope of cross checking. Though OLRDS is autonomous body, the procedures laid down for its functioning to implement NPCBB leaves lot of scope to improve. There was no scope of verification of the information provided by the benificiaries. AS BAIF centers were started recently, their performance could not be assesed properly.

20 Table 1.1: Date wise details of field visits undertaken in Odisha state Sl Date Places visited Officials Purpose No contacted/interacted NABARD Office Mr.D.P Dash, Discussed and collected information College of Veterinary Science Dean, Veterinary College Possibility of Student involvement in Data Collection OLRDS CEO,OLRDS Field data collection regarding OLRDS/Veterinary Head, Extension, CEO Student identification College OLRDS NABARD/OLRDS Mr. Das, CEO, OLRDS Secondary data collection OLRDS,VOTI Dr. Mallick,Dr. Jayadev Finalization of field work and secondary data collection Niali Block, Cuttack CDVO, Veterinary Officer, Farmer Field observation, FSB visit Cuttack 8 4/ District Jagatsinghpur CDVO, Veterinary Officer, Farmer Semen Bank, field observation District Kendrapada CDVO, VAS, Farmer Natural Service Center supervision of data collection 1 15/ District Ganjam CDVO, VAS, Farmer Semen Bank, field Observation District sambalpur I/c Chiplima, CDVO,BAIF in Charge Bull Mother Farm, Fodder Farm, Semen Bank, Field Observation District Bargarh CDVO, VAS, Farmer Field observation, Supervision of data collection 13 22/ Nuapada district CDVO,VAS Semen bank, Field observation, Supervision Balasore district CDVO,VAS Semen bank,ln2 Distribution 15 28/ Mayurbhanj district CDVO,VAS,FARMER Bull Calf rearing farm, field observation Keonjhar District CDVO, farmer Bull Mother farm, field observation 17 2/ Dhenkanal district CDVO, Farmer field observation Puri district CDVO Field observation, Supervision of field data collection

21 Table 1.2 : District wise and component wise Total and Sample units covered in Odisha AI Centres Bull Mother Name of the LN2 storage Training Govt NS S.No FSBS /Rearing NG Privat district &Semenbanks Centres Mobil Dairy Bull Farms Static O e e s 1 Keonjhar Keonjhar Kenojhar 3 92(2) 4(1) 47(1) 2 2 Angul Jarsuguda Puri puri 2 126(3) 158(2) 55(1) 3 5 Khurda Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Sundergarh (2) 58(1) 1 Nuapada Naupada 3(1) 23(1) 13 1(1) 29(1) 11 Kandhamal Jaipur Jaipur Baragarh Baragarh 1 11(2) 16(2) 1(2) 6(1) 14 Cuttack Khapuria Khapuria Khapuria 184(4) 178(3) 88(2) 18(4) 15 Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Jagatsingpur 26(1) 75(1) 232(3) 56(1) 27(2) 17 Mayurbhanj Mayurbhanj (3) 4 134(2) 18 Ganjam Ganjam 244(5) 26(1) 86(2) 19 Koraput Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Dhenkhanal 1(2) 12 53(1) 23 Sambalpur Sambalpur Sambalpur 25(1) 9(1) 13 1(2) 34(1)

22 24 Kendrapara Kendrapara (3) 25 Boudh Balasore Balasore 4 123(2) 11(2) 96(2) 27 Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total 1(1) 3(15) 2(2) 4(2) 298(3) 2,692 (28) 1,364 (14) 1 (5) 1,461 (15) 99(9)

23 CHAPTER 2 NATIONAL PROJECT FOR CATTLE AND BUFFALO BREEDING-GENESIS AND SALIENT FEATURES 2.1 The concept: The Government of India initiated the action in the beginning of Ninth Plan towards formulation of a comprehensive scheme for cattle and buffalo breeding in consultation with the State Governments and other concerned agencies with an aim to consolidate the gains achieved till the end of the Eighth Plan Period, to maximize the returns and investment and to ensure sustainability of operations as well as quality of breeding inputs and services.these efforts culminated in merger of on-going Centrally Sponsored Schemes on cattle and buffalo breeding, namely; Extension of Frozen Semen Technology and Progeny Testing Programme (EFST&PTP) and National Bull Production Programmes (NBPP) into a new centrally sponsored scheme i.e. National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB) which aims at thorough reorganization and re-orientation of the cattle and buffalo breeding operations in the country. 2.2Project Period: The project is spread over a period of 1 years in two phases of 5 years each and the first phase of the project started from October 2 to March 26 with a budget of Rs.42. crore.phase- II is formulated to consolidate gains made during Phase-I of the NPCBB,to improve availability of quality bulls for artificial insemination and Natural service in inaccessible areas in addition to put in place quality assurance programmes for all aspect of AI. It is implemented on 1% grant-in aid basis over next 5 years of the project period initially envisaged. In the states, which have practically completed implementation of Phase-I, Phase-II has begun from26-7.in other states and UT s,where Phase-I continued up to March 27,Phase-II implementation started from 27-8.The budget allocation for second phase was Rs crore, which was later revised to Rs crore. 2.3Objectives: to arrange delivery of vastly improved artificial insemination service at the farmers' doorstep(consolidate the gain made in Phase-I),2, private AI workers are proposed to be inducted. to progressively bring 8% breedable female cattle and buffaloes, under organized breeding through artificial insemination or natural service by high quality bulls. to undertake breed improvement programme for indigenous cattle and buffalo breeds so as to improve their genetic qualities as well as their availability. to provide quality breeding inputs in breeding tract of important indigenous breeds so as to prevent the breeds from deterioration and extinction.

24 2.4Components of the scheme: The project components specially designed to address the major inadequacies focused on the hitherto neglected natural mating system as well as the AI network. The Project Components specific to Haryana are given below. Quality control of goods, strengthening of semen stations, semen banks and Training institutions Introduction of quality bulls with high genetic merit through Field performance recording programme through selected dairy co-operatives, breeders associations etc. Intensification of Progeny Testing Programme, Embryo Transfer Technology Promotion of private mobile AI practice for door-step delivery of AI Services through Training of AI practitioners Support for acquisition of frozen semen and AI equipments Regular supply of frozen semen and liquid nitrogen at reasonable cost Conversion of Existing Stationary AI Centers to Mobile practice Establishing computer network for close monitoring. Institutional restructuring for managing production and supply of genetic inputs and liquid nitrogen on sustained basis. Streamlining storage and supply of liquid Nitrogen by setting up of infrastructure for bulk transport and bulk storage Conservation of Indigenous breeds & Other allied activities 2.5Implementing Agencies: Implementation of the project nationally is co-ordinated and monitored by Central Project Monitoring Unit (CPMU) with a core staff of specialized and professional personnel with headquarters at New Delhi. A State Implementing Agency (SIA) is to be designated by each state for implementation of the project. An existing autonomous body in the state having similar functions is to be entrusted with the responsibility and only in the absence of such an effective body in a state, creation of a new structure would be advised. The participating agencies in the states would also include State Department of AH, State Cooperative Dairy Federations, State Agricultural or Veterinary Universities, NGOs, Breeders' Associations, Gaushalas, etc. who will receive 1% grant in aid for the project activities through SIA. The state bodies will be commercially viable enterprises generating operating incomes for meeting their establishment costs through operations undertaken. However, in the initial years these bodies will meet their establishment costs with the grants provided under the project.

25 2.6 Project command structure : The project command structures of NPCBB covering the project steering committee, central project management unit, state implementing agency and stake holders are depicted in figure 2.1. Stakeholders Milk producers Central Government State Governments NGOs/VOs Private Sector Dairy Input Companies Fig 2.1 : Project command structure of NPCBB Govt of India NPCBB - Objectives Coverage of all breedable cattle & buffaloes Door step delivery of AI services Genetically superior progeny Improvement in conception rate Project Steering Committee Permanent Chairman - Secretary (AH&D) Dy. Chairman-AH Commissioner Convener - National Proj.Coord. DRA&E - Member NIRD - Member NABARD - Member ICAR - Member NDDB - Member DW&CD - Member Planning Commission- Member Bilateral Partners- Member Rotational Representations from States Secretary (AH) - Member Director (AH) - Member Milk Federation- Member NGOs - Member Breeders Association- Member Reproduction Specialists- Member Breeding Specialist - Member Central Project Management Unit National Project Coordinator (NPC) State Implementing Agency (SIA) 2.7 Sanction of state projects: The state implementing agency formulates proposals covering various aspects of breeding infrastructure facilities required viz. institutional restructuring on manpower development, strengthening of frozen semen network, breeding/bull production, etc. These projects are to be prepared on the basis of pre project survey and situation analysis. The proposals will be scrutinized by CPMU and sanctions will be issued with the approval of competent authority. 2.8 Expected Benefits of the project: i. Over 7% bovines are to be covered under organized breeding programme, which means covering more than double the number covered presently. ii. Door step AI services to improve accessibility and conception rate will be adopted in contrast to the present system of taking the animals to stationary AI centers.

26 iii. Some 14, private AI practitioners will be introduced for doorstep AI service over and above the existing AI workers under Government, Cooperatives and NGOs. This will generate employment and ensure wider coverage. iv. Specialized agencies will manage breeding operations on scientific lines. v. In order to produce quality bulls to be used for breeding, large scale screening of elite animals from farmers' herds will be conducted. vi. Inferior quality bulls presently used for natural service will be phased out and replaced with pedigreed bulls. vii. Production of improved females will lead to gradual replacement of low producing animals. viii. AI network in India will be completely modernized with doubling of capacity for frozen semen production (66 million doses) and assured supply of liquid Nitrogen. ix. Specific programmes will be undertaken to make available trained manpower to sustain the network. x. Use of quality bulls and semen will result in progressive genetic improvement in the bovine population. xi. Specific action to conserve animal genetic diversity among Indian cattle and buffalo breeds and to promote breeders' organizations will be undertaken in most of the states. xii. Although direct benefits will accrue only to participating breeders, indirect benefits of breed improvement and higher productivity will percolate to resource-poor rural families at large. xiii. Some 14, private AI practitioners will be introduced for doorstep AI service over and above the existing AI workers under Government, Cooperatives and NGOs. This will generate employment and ensure wider coverage. xiv. Specialized agencies will manage breeding operations on scientific lines. xv. In order to produce quality bulls to be used for breeding, large scale screening of elite animals from farmers' herds will be conducted. xvi. Inferior quality bulls presently used for natural service will be phased out and replaced with pedigreed bulls. xvii. Production of improved females will lead to gradual replacement of low producing animals. xviii. AI network in India will be completely modernized with doubling of capacity for frozen semen production (66 million doses) and assured supply of liquid Nitrogen. xix. Specific programmes will be undertaken to make available trained manpower to sustain the network. xx. Use of quality bulls and semen will result in progressive genetic improvement in the bovine population. xxi. Specific action to conserve animal genetic diversity among Indian cattle and buffalo breeds and to promote breeders' organizations will be undertaken in most of the states. xxii. Although direct benefits will accrue only to participating breeders, indirect benefits of breedimprovement and higher productivitywillpercolate to resource-poor ruralfamilies at large.

27 2.9 State Project of Odisha: The Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) was established as a registered body on under the Societies Registration Act 186, vide Registration No. 2174/213, 2-1 as per the guidelines of the National Project for Cattle & Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB). The OLRDS functions as a nodal agency for the supply of breeding inputs to the Artificial Insemination (AI) centers of the Department of Animal Husbandry (AHD), private AI workers, the NGOs & other Private A.I. Workers. Along with this, the OLRDS also provides natural breeding services for both cattle & buffaloes by provision of breeding bulls for natural services Achievements of Phase-I: The Phase-I of NPCBB was initially approved for a period of three years (22-5) & the Government of India accorded a total sanction of Rs 2644 lakh. The Orissa Government subsequently submitted the proposal to Government of India for the extension of the Phase-I beyond 25. The Government of India then extended the project for the remaining two years of the 1 th five-year plan (25-6 to 26-7). In accordance with the action plan, the activities were carried out as per schedule. The significant achievements under phase I are 1. Organised Breeding The Artificial insemination and progeny born during the phase-i has substantially increased.the total coverage of the breedable population through organized breeding is 32 (3% through AI and 2% through Natural service) Frozen Semen Production The Frozen Semen Bank, Cuttack has been strengthened as per the recommendation of Central Monitoring Unit. The bull shed, Semen Processing Laboratory, Quality control Laboratory are established as per the Minimum Standard Protocol. The induction of quality bulls as per MSP and culling of bulls are practiced. Regular examination of bulls for STD/ TB/ JD/ Brucella including Karyotyping is being done. The bull -wise frozen semen production has increased to all time high during 26-7.

28 3. 26 departmental centers provide AI services in the state and of which 225 are mobile semen storage and distribution centers have been strengthened in the state by providing LN2/Semen storage and transportation containers and distribution vehicles. 5. In all, 4 training centers were strengthened and 1378 farmers were trained. 6. This phase is marked by increase in average per capita availability of milk (from 71 gm in 22-3 to 13 gm in 26-7) and a marginal increase in cattle population especially the crossbred ones. 7. The milk production increased from 9.41 lakh Tons in 22-3 to 14.3 lakh Tons in The Year wise Physical and Financial targets and achievements during Phase-I of NPCBB in Orissa is given in Table 2.1 and Table 2.2.

29 Table2.1: physical targets and achievements during phase-i Sl. 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year EOP Project Activity No. Trg. Ach. Trg. Ach. Trg. Ach. Trg. Ach. Trg. Ach. Trg. Ach. Frozen Semen 1 Production (in lakh doses) Artificial Insemination (in lakh) Breeding bulls for SS (Nos.) Conversion of 4 Stationary Govt. AI centers to Mobile Establishment of New 5 Mobile A.I. Centers (Nos.) Strengthening of Existing SS Strengthening of Existing SB Estb. of New SB Liquid Nitrogen 9 Supply (in thousand liters Annually) Liquid Nitrogen 1 Storage & Distribution System (No.) 11 Liquid Nitrogen Bulk Transport System (Nos.) 12 Strengthening of Existing TrainingCenter 13 Estb. of New TrainingCenter Farmers Training in 14 batches of 4 farmers each

30 Table 2.2: Five year financial targets and achievements during phase-i Sl. NPCBB Phase I Plan Activity No Total 1 Seminar & workshop Liquid Nitrogen bulk transport storage 1 84 and distribution a) Sperm stations b) Semen Banks c) Bulk transport system d) Estb. of vertical tankers 3 Support to SIAs, Breeders' Associations, Gaushalas, Cooperatives, NGOs, etc. for a) field recording c) Identification of animals d) Development & conservation of indigenous breeds Acquisition of bulls for NS a) Strengthening of sperm stations b) Strengthening of Semen Banks c) New Semen Banks d) Acquisition of AI bulls Designing Training Modules, Training Manuals and organising training of a) Existing AI Workers b) New AI Workers c) Professionals Strengthening of Existing training facilities for a) AI Workers Conversion/ setting up of AI centres to enable mobile practice a) Government centres conversion b)new centres (Providing AI facilities in non AI centres) c) OMFED d) Private Initial Managerial Grants to SIAs and grants linked to activities a)managerial grants to SIA b) Computerisation/MIS 5 5 c) Studies and survey d) Concurrent evaluation

31 1 Others a)strengthening of farms 1 1 b)farmers orientation camp c) fertility camps TOTAL Salient features of Phase II of NPCBB : The project goal in Phase-II is to provide 8% organized breeding coverage to the breedable bovine population in Orissa either through AI or natural service with the objective of modifying their genetic makeup & subsequently improving their productivity. I. Interventions in Phase-II: The following programs have been proposed to be undertaken during the second phase of the project period: 1. Establishment of new private mobile AI Centers and Natural Breeding Centers. 2. Training of professionals, existing AI workers & private AI workers. 3. Establishment of a new Sperm station at Chipilima 4. Strengthening of Sperm Station and semen processing laboratory. 5. Strengthening of semen banks. 6. Implementation of bull production program. 7. Strengthening of Cattle Breeding Farm and establishment of calf rearing centres 8. Streamlining supply of frozen semen straws and liquid nitrogen from different sources in economically viable & self sustainable manner. 9. Identification & rearing of bull calves of elite mothers through field performance recording and using them for the natural breeding program & semen stations. 1. Implementing Progeny Testing Programme. 11. Strengthening and modernizing the training facility at State and District level 12. Social mobilization through mass campaign, calf rally etc. 13. Intensive doorstep delivery of A.I. Services. 14. Employment generation through Private A.I. Workers. 15. Improvement of conception rate. 16. Institutional restructuring.

32 II. Perspective Plan - Economic up-liftment through Genetic Up-gradation of Cattle/ Buffaloes Particulars 26-7 Base year Breedable Population CB Population Ind Population Buffalo CB available for AI (75 %) Ind available for AI (4%) Buff available for AI (4%) Total animal available for breeding CB Percentage of coverage through AI ( 8-9 %) Ind Percentage of coverage through AI ( 2-5 % ) Buff Percentage of coverage through AI ( 2-4 % ) Animals to be covered through AI AI to be done (1.8 times of animals) Semen doses required(1% extra) Breedable Average % of coverage through AI 25% 32% 37% 42% 49% 58% Breedable % of coverage through NS 2.% 6.% 1.% 14.% 18.% 22.% Total Coverage through organised breeding 27% 38% 47% 56% 67% 8% AI Bulls required AI Bull indn Animals to be covered under NS Total Breed. Coverage (AI+NS) Bull reqt for Natural Service ( 15 service/yr) No of Bulls to be inducted for NS

33 III. Approaches to the livestock breeding programme: Keeping in view the Odisha livestock breeding policy, National priority on Livelihood through Animal Husbandry and present gap analysis as guiding documents, the NPCBB Phase-II plan identifies the following strategies for breeding service delivery reform in Orissa: (i) Integration of sector programmes: The Department has given priority to integrate other associated programmes to make the breeding programme more effective. After creation of necessary breeding infrastructure, the SIA has taken steps to take the existing fora of Pani Panchayat, Watershed Association, Anganwadi workers and Self Help Groups to create demand for Artificial Insemination. The District Livestock Resources Development Society will integrate the ongoing programmes of line Departments. Integrating the existing programmes of Animal Husbandry Department and Allied Sector will be made by following the principles of: Adoption of a comprehensive plan. Coordination with line Departments to avail inputs from ongoing Scheme. Adoption of multi disciplinary approach to plan and monitor the programme (ii) Integrated Livestock Service Delivery System: Strengthening of livestock service delivery system is given utmost priority by the Department to make it effective and responsive. The infrastructure support with latest diagnostic tools in the field will provide additional resources to the existing programmes so as to strengthen service delivery equitably in all districts, especially to the disadvantaged groups, women and the poor. The village -wise vaccination calendar to immunize the livestock population as per the schedule is being followed. Accordingly, the production plan has been prepared for Orissa Biological Products Institute. One proposal has also been prepared for control of sub-clinical Mastitis, which will help the farmers to produce clean and quality milk. It will facilitate improved utilization of breeding facilities created during first phase of NPCBB. Emphasis to be given during 2nd phase is for: Expansion of State level and District level breeding infrastructures and facilities to make the system more responsive and qualitative for satisfaction of the farmer. (iii) Livestock Breeding Management System: Strengthening of the SIA and its allied organisations is to be further consolidated with proper management system. The support through NPCBB- phase II will address some of the sector management issues to ensure that the entire system runs efficiently and effectively. These include:

34 HRM/HRD, Creating a pool of resource persons at the grass root level through organization of capacity building initiative. The Society for management of Information, Learning and Extension (SMILE) will also facilitate the capacity development in the State. Procurement and distribution of key breeding inputs, equipment and machinery Maintenance and replacement of assets, i.e., machineries and equipment for smooth functioning of the system. Reliable database management on production, productivity and MIS for both monitoring, management and decision making. (iv)decentralization: The Phase-II proposal encourages to empower the district level establishments for planning and implementing the breeding activities. Structural arrangement has been made in each District for planning as per the felt need. The Department has taken an ambitious programme through central assisted GLGR programme and OREGS programme through Grampanchayats to promote fodder cultivation in gochar/ waste land to increase the biomass requirement of the cross breed population likely to be increased through organized breeding. More nos. of unemployed educated youths will be promoted to function as private AI worker to provide doorstep AI service to the farmer. The NGOs and private bodies will also be involved in the process. This is to be achieved through: Decentralized management system at district level by constituting District Livestock Resources Development Society (DLRDS). Enhance district specific interventions that include livestock and allied services for livelihood security and poverty reduction. (v) Convergence: Addressing livestock breeding determinants through convergence among the line departments has been taken up both at State level and District level. It is decided to involve ICDS functionaries in the Animal Husbandry Programmes. The CDVO will take steps for regular interaction with CDPO (Child Development Project Officer) and ICDS Supervisors about various on-going programmes in the Animal Husbandry Sector. A detailed programme for involvement of ICDS functionaries in the District is being chalked out. Training/ orientation of the Anganwadi workers will be taken up for creating broad awareness and demand from the side of community for availing breeding services. The SIA has also taken initiative to address the issues of mutual collaboration between Orissa Milk Federation and the Veterinary Department. During the Phase-II of NPCBB, it needs to encourage convergence of allied departments involved with Rural Development and livelihoods. The strategy would be: To enable regular exchange of information at State level Apex Committee, SLRDC to foster cattle and buffalo development programme. To take care of sectoral planning for organized cattle and buffalo breeding by involving various actors through District Livestock Resources Development Committee (DLRDC).

35 STATE PROFILE AND LIVESTOCK SCENARIO CHAPTER State Profile: The State of Odisha is situated on the east coast of India between 17.48'-22.34' North latitudeand 81.24'-87.29' East longitude. It has a total geographical area of squarekilometres. The state's human population is 41.9 millionwith density of 236 per sq.km. About 85 per cent of the population live inrural areas and depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Agriculture( including allied sectors) is the mainstay of state'seconomy as it accounts for about 2 per cent to Net State Domestic Product (NSDP). About 7per cent of the total workforce of the state is directly or indirectly employed in the agriculturesector. Next to the agriculture sector the livestock sector is a major source of supplementaryincome of rural households.

36 3.2Vital statistics about the State: 1. Geographical area(sq. Kms) : No. of divisions / Regions : 3 3. No. of districts : 3 4. No. of Taluks (Blocks) : No. of revenue Villages(as per 21 census) : State human population ( 211 census) : 419 lakh 7. Density of population ( persons / km) : No. of workers Farmers :.89 Crore Agri labour :.21 Crore 9. Literacy rate - Male/Female/overall; : 75.95/5.51/63.8 Rural/Urban/overall : 59.84/8.84/ Percapita Income (29-1) : Rs Gross domestic product of State (Current Prices) : Rs Crore 12. GDP from Agriculture (Current Prices) : 18.4 % of Total GDP 13. GDP from Livestock (Current Prices) : 6% of Total GDP 3.3 Cattle and Buffalo Population: Important breeds of Cattle / Buffaloes and their geographical distribution: Generally speaking, the state did not have any distinct milch breed of its own. Most of the cattle population are of non descriptive type with very low milk yield potential. Average milk production of the non descriptive local cattle is.86 liter per day as comparedto literfor the National average production. Hence there is tremendous scope for breed improvement in the state. The state has some draft breed locally evolved suitable to the existing agro-climatic condition of the state. These are Cattle breeds of Odisha: Type Habitat Utility Remarks Binjharpuri Jajpur, Cuttack Av.yield-3-4lrs/draft Ghumusuri Bhanjanagar Av. yield- 2-3 lrs/ draft All registered Khariar Khariar Low milkers/hardy Nationally Motu Malkangiri Compact, draft Buffalo Breeds of Odisha: Type Habitat Utility Remarks Paralakhemundi Gajapati,Gunpur Good workers Manda Koraput Draft Jirangi Gajapati Small, draft Sambalpuri Rairakhol area Small, draftt Kujanga Paradeep Fair milkers Chilika Chilika,Satapada Draft,milkers Registered Kalahandi Kalahandi Draft

37 3.3.2 Livestock population of State :( 27 census) Cattle Indigenous : CB : Buffalo : Total Livestock : Districtwise and breedwise breedable Population : The districtwise cattle and buffalo breedable population of the state is given in Table 3.1. From the table, it could be noted that the highest concentration (47%) of CB cattle are in the districts of Cuttack, Jagatsingpur, puri and Baragarh. Incidentally excepting Bargarh all other three are in the costal area of the state and is the milk bowl of the state. Other potential districts are, khurda, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar, Kendrapada, Balangir, Anugul, Baleswar. The crossbred population comprises of 12.23% of the otal breedable cattle population of the state.the breedable crossbred cows and buffales of the state is around 1% each and rest of the 8% is local or non descript cows Table 3.1:District wise breedable animals-indigenous/crossbreds and buffaloes Sl. No. Name of the District Breedable Cattle & buffaloes CB Indigenous Buff Total 1 Angul Balasore Bolangir Bargarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Dhenkanal Deogarh Gajapati Ganjam Jharsuguda Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Kalahandi Kendrapara Keonjhar Khurda

38 19 Koraput Malkanagiri Mayurbhanj Nowrangpur Nayagarh Nuapara Phulbani Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Sonepur o67 3 Sundargarh Total Cattle and buffalo breeding policy of the state: a) In order to improve the body size and body weight of the local cattle both for producing good work animals as well as a good foundation stock for cross breeding, Haryana breed has been used only for upgrading local Cattle and nondescript animals of relatively larger size available for any other areas. In the districts like Kalahandi, Nuapada & Koraput, short statured cattle are generally used for draught purposes. These cattle are used to pull bullock carts with wheels of smaller size. It is, therefore, desirable to use Red Sindhi to upgrade these cattle for producing dual purpose progenies. b) For milch animal production, it is necessary to upgrade the local cattle with exotic bulls. Jersey and Holstein are used as suitable exotic breeds. However, looking to climatic condition of the state and taking economic condition of the farmers into consideration, Jersey has been anticipated as the breed of choice for large scale cross breeding of the local cattle. Holstein, however, can be used as improver breed only in limited areas where ambient temperature does not go very high, i.e. beyond 4º C and the farmers are resourceful to provide feed and other inputs to the Holstein cross breeds. c) The inter se mating population should be of exotic & local bulls. This will avoid Procurement of large number of exotic and Haryana bulls and also local half-breeds will be more adoptive. d) Murrah buffalo bulls can be used for upgrading the local buffaloes for producing dual purpose animals (milch and draught). In order to maintain and conserve local breeds for buffaloes, certain areas in the breeding tracts of Parlakhemundi, Sambalpuri and Chilika may be earmarked for selective breeding by using selected buffalo bulls of respective breeds. e) In order to preserve the native breeds (germplasm) like Binjharpuri, Ghumsari, Motu etc. in their home tracts from its extinction / dilution, efforts are made appropriately. f) Research on breeding of cows and buffaloes and for performance of the progenies like FPRS & FPTP have been taken up. g) The maximum level of exotic bloodbe preferably maintained at 62.5%.

39 3.5Milk productionand availability : The total milk production of the state during is reported as 17. lakhtons.the per capita availability of milk in the state is 113 grams as compared to 269 gramsat All India level. The over all average milkyield per animal is also low in the state. According to Integrated sample survey report, the average milkyield per day for different breeds of animals are as under. Crossbred Cattle : 5.92liter Indigenous Cattle : 1.15 liter Buffalo : 2.95 liter Goats :.11liter 3.6 Agencies involved in Cattle and Buffalodevelopment : The cattle and buffalo development activities in the state are primarily undertaken by the State Animal Husbandry Department, OLRDS, and OMFED and to a limited extent Utkal Gomangal Samiti. Though OLRDS is the programme implementing agency, it does not own the critical infrastructure. BAIF, an NGO is also operating cattle development centres in the state. The state agriculture university is also doing research and producing technical manpower to head the veterinary institutions.the participating agencies in the state are 1. Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) 2. Directorate of Animal husbandry and Veterinary services 3. Orissa State Milk Producers Co-operative Federation(OMFED) 4. Utkal Gomangal Samiti and such other voluntary organizations 5. Bharatiya Agro Industries Foundation(BAIF) and J K Trust 6. Gaushalas 7. Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology( OUAT) 8. National bank for Agriculture and rural development(nabard) 3.6.1Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS): Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society is the State Implementing Agency (SIA) for NPCBB in the state of Odisha. SIA distributes the semen and LN2 to the AI centers of Department of Animal Husbandry and private AI workers in the state. The actual work of AI is performed by the AI centers of Department of Animal Husbandry and private AI workers. SIA also extend financial support under NPCBB to the FSBS,Semen depots,training centers, bull mother farms, Bull rearing farm,etc for various investment and recurring items of expenditure State Government - Department of Animal Husbandry (DAH): The DAH in the State has a well developed network of 2991 veterinary institutions comprising of 54 veterinary dispensaries and 2451 Livestock Assistant centers. These institutions cover about 62 GPs in the state, thus on an average 2 GPs are covered by each institution.the

40 situation in Odisha is comparable with All India position.the details of these institutions are presented in Table 3.2.The veterinary surgeons are qualified graduates in veterinary science (Bachelor of Veterinary science and Animal Husbandry- B.V.Sc.&A.H.). The Veterinary Livestock Development Assistants are diploma holders and are managing the veterinary services in majority of the institutions (Govt. Stockman Centres). About 2-4 such institutions are supervised by each Veterinary Surgeon. Although the network of veterinary institutions is relatively good, 5% of the GPs still do not have any veterinary institution. Therefore, more institutions need to be opened. Further, the infrastructure available with the institutions in terms of equipment, facilities and manpower needs further improvement Orissa state Milk marketing Federation(OMFED) : OMFED does not have their own Frozen Semen Bull station to produce semen and supply to the societies for breeding the animals. The unions are presently procuring the semen from SAG,Bidaj for carrying out AI work in the selected villages.the 12 milk unions of the state through 1415 AI Centres of milk cooperative societies are providing the AI services.the number of AI done is around 27 during the year Utkal Gomangal Samiti (UGS) : Utkal Gomangal samiti was established in The objectives of the samiti is to bring all round development of the livestock in the statethrough up gradation of local indigenous stock by providing improved bulls,bucks,etc and to propagate fodder production and cattle feed among the farmers. OLRDS with the help of UGS is procuring bulls and supplying in the interior areas for Natural breeding.the UGS on their own is also procuring bull calves of different breeds, rearing on their farms and supplying in the panchayats. They are also producing fodder seed and supplying seed,rootslips to the farmers at Government rate BAIF Resarch Foundation: The state Govt. entered into an MOU with BAIF Research Foundation in October,21 to set up 1 integrated cattle development centers (Kalyani) in the uncovered areas of the state by identifying the rural youth and giving training in AI,vaccination,deworming and First aid treatment of animals.accordingly, BAIF under Kalyani programme is providing AI services in 1 districts since April 211. The compensation to the NGO is based on the performance in terms of AI done/calves born against targets fixed by the state Govt. As on , the centers could provide 2912 (58.2% of Target) AI as against the tatget of 5 and calves born were 2711.The other activities related to cattle development undertaken are organising promotion campaign(687),exposure visits to farmers(71 batches),training of 369 farmers and 115 infertility camps JK Trust : The government also entered into an aggrement with JK trust to set up 7 AI centers in 13 tribal and other districts to provide AI services to the cattle owners.the first batch of identified rural

41 youth were trained in Gujarat and Chattisgarh and are being posted at various identified places in the selected districts Goshalas: Odisha has 33 registered Gaushalas which are mostly run by NGOs/Trusts. They work towards Gau seva (meaning serving the cow ) as cow has a special place in Indian ( especially Hindu) society. Of the 33 Goshalas, 26 are functional and they are maitaining the local cows ranging from 2 to 5. Some of them are maintaining the local breeds of cows such as Binjharpuri, Ghumusuri, Khariar and Motu Orissa university of Agriculture and Technology : The veterinary college is key to development of professional manpower in the fields of Animal Husbandry in the state of Odisha. Teaching, research and extension education are the three functions of the university and all the three are connected with the DAHD activities. Extension education is one of the three major functions of the University. Its main aim is to transfer the well proven /tested technology to the livestock owners, rural youth, field staff of State Government and other personnel engaged in developmental and professional agencies in the sphere of animal husbandry through its well planned, skill-oriented and need based programmes. An excellent collaboration / linkage is maintained with the Odisha State Govt. Department of Animal Husbandry, OLRDS and non-government organization so that technologies may reach the beneficiaries at their door steps National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) : NABARD through it s District Development Managers(DDM s)is providing guidance to farmers for availing financial assistance for setting up of Dairy farms and also organising training programmes and exposure visits to them.the DDM is involving the DAH and university officials in these programmes.nabard is the nodal agency for implementing various subsidy oriented schemes of DAHD,GOI.The response for Dairy Enterpreneurship Development Scheme of DAHD is most popular in the state and good number of projects are sanctioned under the programme. 3.7 Agency wise AI Centers in the state: The agencywise number of AI centers functioning as on in the State are as follows DAH 2991 (54 VDs & 245 LACs) Gomitra (Functional) 1415 OMFED 154 CDCs (BAIF) 1 Total 61 Table 3.2:Districtwise and agencywise no. of AI centres in the State Name of the Total No. of No. of Mobile No. of No. of

42 District AI Centres (DAH) centres of col 2 (DAH) OMFED centres Gomitra centres (functional) BAIF centers Angul Bolangir Balasore Bargarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Deogarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Keonjhar Khurda Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nawarangpur Nayagarh Nuapara Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Sonepur Sundargarh Grand Total: Feed and Fodder Situation in the State: The major cost involved in livestock production is the feeding. Feed and fodder constitute 75 to 8 % the cost of production of livestock product. Feeding is determined by the different requirement of the animal such as maintenance, growth, production, and reproduction. The major

43 source of fodder supply is grasses and crop residues. Cultivated fodder is almost negligible in the state. Concentrate includes broken grain and cereal, rice bran, oil cake etc. Majority of the livestock farmer keep their animals on straw an limited amount of concentrate and oil cake. Compound balanced cattle feed use is confined to milch animals and working bullocks only. As per estimate, the requirement of concentrate feed including both processed and home made is 135 thousand tons compared to current availability of135 thousand tons, this leaves a deficit of more than 9percent.Green fodder requirement is 3124 thousand tons as against availability of thousand tons, which is close to deficit of nearly 5%. Green fodder cultivation is not a regular practice in the state as seen in dairy progressive states. Only 1 Hectares are reported exclusively devoted for fodder. There is an urgent need to bring more area into organized fodder cultivation in view of the recent success in dairy front by the state. The dry fodder requirement is 13891thousand tons as against availability of only 162 thousand tons, that too mostly low grade paddy straw. There fore the state experience acute problem with regards feeding of it livestock population. Serious and immediate attention needs to be paid to this Efforts of State Govt.: To meet the deficit,the Govt. has taken several steps to enhance the feed and fodder production of the State. They are as under. 2 acres of land on farmers field will be covered under green through demonstration under RKVY programme in five years. Crossbred Calf rearing programme is being implemented in the State to cover around 13 crossbred female calves under RKVY in collaboration with OMFED in five years. These calves will be provided with concentrate ration for 24 months on subsidy to attain motherhood at optimum age. 2 departmental fodder farms are being strengthened under RIDF fund for production of planting materials and green fodder. Under CSP, it is planned to develop green fodder in 6 acres of land in coming years. 1 acres of land of Chipilima farm is being developed for production of fodder seeds and planting materials in technical collaboration with BAIF, Pune under ILDP (Kalyani). 5 hectares of waste land is being developed for green fodder production under GLGR in coordination with PR institutes. Under MGNREGS, 5 hectares of land will be covered under fodder production in five years. Fodder Farm of a farmer

44 3.8.2 Measures to control Reproductive and other problems: Within the funding support appropriate action as suggested by various research establishment such as ICAR and the State Agriculture University besides agencies like NDDB are fallowed to control the reproductive problems by organizing fertility camps and farmer education programmes. Various action contemplated are, As recommended by NDDB & other agencies balancing of ration with local available feed ingredients will be taken up in different regions of the State to meet the nutritional requirement of livestock for maintaining the reproductive health status. In collaboration with the SAU, assessment of mineral content of soil through Mineral Mapping is being taken up in the State. Accordingly, supplementation of minerals is to be made to the animals by the department to maintain their reproductive and productive health. 3.9 Dairy Development activities: Similar to other states, the dairy development and marketing activities are independent of livestock development and health care activity. While health care, breeding, nutrition, and small ruminant development activities are taken care by the Animal Resource Department Milk marketing and limited cattle breeding and fodder development activity is undertaken by the Milk Producers Federation. Both the wings are co-ordinated by single Secretary to the Govt. The state has a state level dairy federation called the Odisha State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation-OMFED responsible to implement the operation flood programme in the state. There is very limited private participation in milk processing and marketing in the state. The details are as under, No. of Milk Federations : One (OMFED) No. of Milk Unions : 12 (KMNR, BKN, SUMUL,PUMUL, Kandhamal,Boudh, Cuttack,GGGMU, Dhenkanal, Keonjhar, BAMUL, Mayurbhanj ) No of Milk Coop. Societies : 36 No MPCS with provision of AI : 1415 No. of Farmer Members : 1 lakh(approx.) No. of Bulk Cooler Units : 286 No. of Chilling Plants : 12 No. of Dairy Processing Units : 9 Daily Milk Procurement by OMFED : 4 Lakh liters(approx) No. of Private Dairies : 3(Prithwiraj, Kamdhenu &Sea shore) Quantity of Milk procured :.3 lakh liters/ day

45 CHAPTER 4 STATE IMPLEMATING AGENCY 4.1Background: The Government of India Initiated the action in the beginning of Ninth Five Year Plan towards formulation of a comprehensive scheme for Cattle And Buffalo breeding in consultation with the State governments and other concerned agencies with an aim to maximize the returns and investment and to ensure sustainability of operations as well as quality of breeding inputs and services. For this a centrally sponsored scheme i.e. National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB) has been operationalised. The project period spreads over a period of 1 years in 2 phases of 5 years each and the first phase of the project was from 21-2 to 26-7 with 1%grant in aid and second phase was from 27-8 to NPCBB aims at coverage of breedable bovines up to 74% under organized breeding services of which 57% is by AI and 43% is by Natural Service. At the state level the project is monitored and implemented by an independent body known as State Implementing Agency (SIA), which will concentrate its activities in the field of breeding and artificial insemination, effectively coordinating with the State Government, Government of India, NDDB, OMFED and restructure the breeding operations as per needs. For implementation of the NPCBB project, Govt. of Orissa has designated Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society(OLRDS) as the State Implementing Agency. The Society has been registered as a Society under the Society Registration Act-186 on The registered office of the society is located at Bhubaneswar and the area of operation of the society is whole of Odisha state. 4.2Objectives of OLRDS: 1. To promote quality of Artificial Insemination services at village herd level or farmers door step. 2. To bring all breedable cattle and buffaloes under organized breeding through AI or Natural Services. 3. Improvement of indigenous cattle and buffalo breeds through genetic upgradation. 4. To provide quality breeding inputs required for cattle breeding in accordance with breeding policy of the State. 5. Production of quality semen by taking quality control measures through maintaining Minimum Standard Protocol. 6. Proper cold chain maintenance in respect to purchase, procurement and distribution of Liquid Nitrogen 7. To undertake appropriate research work and to provide specific extension pertaining to livestock development.

46 8. Recycling of funds generated by sale of inputs and services for sustainability of breeding activities. 9. Promote fodder production under field conditions in support of economic milk production. 1. To mobilize resources from various sources to foster the cause of cattle development through breeding and management. 4.3 Functions of SIA: Production, rearing and selection of bulls. Production of semen and liquid nitrogen. Distribution of semen / liquid nitrogen. Training of staff in artificial insemination and infertility management. Farmers training (Entrepreneurship through Livestock) Management of adopted bull rearing Stations. 4.4Structure of S I A: The management of the OLRDS is vested in the board of directors. The members of the board are either ex- officio senior officers of the State Government / department or experts in the field. The organisational chart ii given in Figure 4.1. The Principal Secretary, Fisheries & animal resources Development Department, Govt. of Odishais the president and Director, DAH&VS, is the Vice-President of the society.. Dr Sanat Mishra is the CEO of OLRDS. Fig 4.1 : Organization Chart : Governing Council (OLRDS) President Vice - President Chief Executive Semen Production R & D, Bull Prodn. Breed Conservation Monitoring & Logistics Fodder Development DD, FSB OVS OVS OVS SMS Supporting Staff

47 4.5Composition of Governing Body / Board of Directors of SIA:- Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) is having a Governing Board with following statutory members. (A) Official Members: 1. Principal Secretary/ Secretary to Govt., Fisheries & Animal President Resources Development Department, Govt. of Orissa. 2. Director of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services, Orissa Vice-President 3. Addl. Secretary / Joint Secretary to Govt., Fisheries and Animal Member Resources Development Department 4. Managing Director, OMFED Member 5. Addl. Secretary / Joint Secretary to Govt., Planning & Coordination Member Department 6. Addl. Secretary / Joint Secretary to Govt., Finance Department Member 7. Joint Director (HID), Veterinary Directorate Member 8. Joint Director I, Veterinary Directorate Member 9. Deputy Director, Frozen Semen Bank, Cuttack Member 1. Accounts Officer, Veterinary Directorate Member 11. Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS Member Secretary (B) Non Official Members 12. Joint Honorary Secretary, Utkal Gomangal Samiti Member 13. Joint Honorary Secretary, Society for Prevention to Cruelty to Member Animals, Cuttack 14. Person nominated by Governing Council Member 4.6 State livestock Resource Development Committee(SLRDC) : The members of the committee as constituted by Govt. of Orissa vide Resolution No /FARD dt are given under 1. Agriculture Production commissioner-cum-addl. Chief Chairman Secretary, Orissa 2. Principal Secretary / Commissioner-cum-Secretary to Member Govt., Fy. & A.R.D. Department 3. Principal Secretary / Commissioner-cum-Secretary to Govt., Panchayati Raj Department Member 4. Principal Secretary / Commissioner-cum-Secretary to Govt., S.C. & S.T. Development Department Member 5. Special Secretary to Govt., Finance Department Member 6. Special Secretary to Govt., P. & C. Department Member 7. Director, Watershed Member

48 8. Project Co-ordinator, ISNRMPO, Bhubaneswar Member 9. Managing Director, OMFED Member 1. Director, Social Welfare Member 11. General Manager, NABARD Member 12. Representative of NDDB Member 13. Representative of CCBF Member 14. Dean, Orissa Veterinary College Member 15. Director, A.H. & V.S., Orissa, Cuttack Member Convener 16. Any other official / individual can be co-operated as Member as per requirement or invited as Special invitee Member 4.7 Details of committee Meetings: The board meetings are normally held on half yearly basis and the SIA had organized 2 meetings every year.the proceedings of the meetings are being circulated among all stake holders and the compliance is reviewed in the subsequent meetings. The state level Livestock Resource Development Committee is supposed to meet on half yearly basis under the chairmanship of Agriculture production commissioner(apc) and Director, DAH& VS is the convenor. However, it is observed that the meetings were held only once in a year. The year wise number of Board meetings and review meetings held are given in Table 4.1. Table 4.1: year wise board meetings and Project review meetings held by OLRDS S. No. Particulars Governing Body / Board SLRDC A Frequency of Meetings Biannual Biannual b No. of Meetings held during Manpower: The CEO of OLRDS is DR Sanat Mishra, M.V.Sc,MBA who is on deputation from OUAT. He has 19 years of experience in livestock and livelihoods development.other staff of are also on deputation from Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary services except one data entry operator who is on contractual basis. The details of other manpower is given in Table 4.2.

49 Table 4.2 : Manpower details of OLRDS S. No. Name Designation Qualification Regular employee/ deputation Dr. CR Mallik Officer MVSc(ABG) On Deployment Dr. B Rout Tech Technical Officer Staff Dr.(Mrs) A Logistics MVSc(An. Do Samantray Officer Nutrition) Dr.(Mrs) P Admn. MVSc (An. Do Behera Officer Physiology) If on deputation from which department ARD Department PGDAEM Do Do Mr. J.B Sahoo Senior Asst. MA,PGDM Do Do Do Do Admn. Staff Computer staff Mr. L N Swain Statistical B.Sc. Do Do Investigator Mr. PL Khatua Dairy Extn. Officer M. Sc.(DT) Do Do Mr. D. Tripathy DEO B. Com, Contractual PGDCA InfrastructuralFacilities: The OLRDS does not own any assets on its own,however, it provides assistance under NPCBB forstrengthening some of the infrastructural facilities of Department of Animal husbandry and veterinary services which are essential for breed improvement in the state and the details are given in Table 4.3. Table 4.3 : Infrastructural facilities of Department of Animal Husbandry S. Particulars Number Location No. 1 Frozen Semen Production Station One Cuttack 2 Semen Banks/ Storage Units Thirty In all district HQs 3 Liquid Nitrogen Storage & Distribution units Thirteen Cuttack, Bhawanipatna, Balasore, Nayagarh, Chipilima, Berhampur & Mayurbhanj, Koraput, Keonjhar, Bolangir, Sundergarh, Raygada, Angul.

50 4 Training Centers 5 Breeding Farms/Bull mother farms/bullrearing farms Four Eleven Cuttack, Bhubaneswar,Bhanjanagar, Bolangir,Chiplima Cuttack, Keonjhar, Chipilima, Sundergarh, Bhanjanagar, Balasore, Boudh, Bolangir, Kathpal, Kalahandi & Phulbani 4.1 Input supply and other activities of SIA: The basic activity of OLRDS is to provide frozen semen and LN2 to the DAHD institutions from its semen stations and semen banks. The year wise semen production and supply, LN2 procured and supplied to AI centres, AI performed, pregnancy examination of animals inseminated, number of animals prgnant and calves born are given in other chapters of the report. Besides this other veterinary inputs are provided by DAHD to the farmers through the veterinary institutions Several other activities related to NPCBB are being implemented by OLRDS. The major ones are as under: a. Insurance cover to animals: It is an ongoing scheme being implemented by the Govt. of India.Under this scheme,5 % of the insurance premium is paid by the Govt. of India where as rest of the amount is equally shared by the beneficiary and the state govt./board. The number of animals insured under the scheme and the contribution of GOI/Board for the last five years is given in table 4.4. Table 4.4 : Year wise and category wise number of animals insured Year No of animals insured Insurance premium(rs lakh) GoI farmers This expenditure is covered under the livestock insurance scheme of DAHD & F,MOA, b.infertilitycamps: The major reason for poor conception rate among cows and buffaloes is infertility problems. In order to guide farmers and treating cows and buffaloes, cattle camps are being conducted regularly in different districts. The yearwise number of camps organised is given in table 4.5.

51 Table 4.5: Yearwise number of Infertility camps organised S.No Year Cattle camps c.genetic upgradation of cattle and Female calf rearing: With the assistance under RKVY, female calf rearing is being implemented and monitored by OLRDSfrom sep 21. Under the scheme the identified CB female calves with the farmers are tagged and feed is supplied to attain proper growth of animal sothat it comes in production at right age.the number of CB calves covered is in and 1474 in These calves were tagged and supplied calf feed of 1239 tons. d.integrated fodder production: With the assistance under RKVY,the farmers in cluster approach is provided the fodder seed minikits, fertilizers(dap,mop,urea) to encourage fodder production for maintain good quality animals.the programme is in operation since 21. The number of farmers identified were 2388 and the area sown was acres in 21-11and farmers with a total sown area of 253 acres in The response is good from the farmers Important Seminars/ Workshops Organized by SIA: 1 Workshop on Genetic Up-gradation of cattle and buffaloes and Dairy Development in Orissa 2 State Level Seminar on Small Animal Development in Orissa 3 National Seminar on Animal Resources Development and Poverty alleviations 28-9 ( ) ( ) Bhubaneswar in collaboration with OMFED Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar in collaboration with OUAT State & District Level Officials, OMFED officials, Professionals from OUAT Professionals from Department, GoI, CSWRI, OUAT and others Professionals from OUAT, Department, Milk Federation, Delegates from other states Discussions on Dairy Development and Cattle and Buffalo Breeding under NPCBB Strategic Plan for Small Animal Development in Orissa Role of Livestock Resources Development in Poverty alleviation

52 4 Clinical Management of Infertility in Cattle and Buffaloes 5 7 th Biennial ANA Conference on Animal Nutrition Strategies for Environment Protection and Poverty Alleviation 6 National Seminar on Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security challenges and opportunities VIII Annual Convention of Society for Conservation of (18-19 th Domestic Animal Feb.11) Biodiversity(SOCDAB) & National Symposium on Animal Genetic Resources Bhubaneswar Professionals from in collaboration OUAT, Department, with OUAT Milk Federation, Delegates from other states Bhubaneswar in collaboration with OUAT Professionals from OUAT, Department, Milk Federation, Delegates from other states Bhubaneswar Professionals from in collaboration OUAT, Department, with OUAT Milk Federation, Delegates from other states Bhubaneswar in collaboration with NBAGR, Karnal Members of SOCDAB, SIAs, leading AH Developmental Organizations of the Country, NGOs, State Agricultural Universities and others. Management and Control of Infertility in Cattle and Buffaloes Nutritional Management of Livestock Enhancement of Agriculture products and food security Strategic Plan for Conservation of Domestic Animal Biodiversity in India. 4.12Studies / Surveys conducted: A. Identification of germ plasm i. Detail study was made by OLRDS on four native cattle and five buffalo breeds of the State in collaboration with the State Agriculture University and the local Breeders Organizations. The breeds surveyed and phenotypically characterized were Binjaharpuri, Motu, Khariar and Ghumsuri for cattle and Chilika, Kalahandi, Paralakhemundi, Jirangi and Monda for Buffaloes. ii. It is a matter of pride for the State as well as the SIA that all four native breeds of cattle and one breed of buffalo (Chilika Buffalo) have been registered with NBAGR as the identified indigenous breeds of our country during iii. Steps are being taken for conservation and further improvement of these germplasms in their native tracts to explore their potentiality to fuller extents under the assistance of GoI & State Govt. iv. Steps were taken to identify high performing cows as elite mothers through field recording to use them as bull mothers. B. Progeny tesing in Crossbred cows Ten Crossbred bulls of the frozen semen station, Khapuria, Cuttack have already been put under Progeny Testing for their genetic evaluation.

53 C.Field recording in respect of CB cows for selecting high genetic merit cows Under Technology-Knowledge Strategic Partnership(TKSP) with BAIF Research Development Foundation, Pune it has been decided to take up the Field Performance Recording Programme in four dairy intensive districts of the State. It would help to assess the production potentialities of CB stock existing in those districts and select high genetic merit cows for future bull production using semen from proven sires. 4.13Monitoring and Reporting System: a Frequency of Monitoring : Monthly Review b Reporting Mechanism to State Govt. Central Govt. : : Every Month c Regularity : Every Quarter d e Submission of quarterly progress report and annual progress report in the prescribed time frame MIS / software is made operational by the SIA Submitted Regularly Yes FSB/ABMIS

54 CHAPTER 5 PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL PROGRESS OF PROJECT 5.1 Physical and Financial Programme Sanctioned under Phase II : Orissa Livestock Resources Development society(olrds) submitted a detailed project report for phase II of NPCBB implementation in Odisha state with a total outlay of Rs lakh.The project sanctioning committee held under the chairmanship of Secretary,DAHDF,GOI and approved an outlay of Rs lakh. Later on,at the request of SIA, the sanction was revised to Rs 2691 lakh and further to Rs lakh in the meeting held on under the chairman of Secretary, DAHDF. The sanction committee also allowed for reappropriation proposal of sanctioned amount under various components. The revised component wise and year wise physical and financial programme sanctioned is given in Annexure 5.1., while the component wise sanction is given in Table 5.1 Table 5.1 : Component wise physical and Financial sanction of NPCBB-phase II ( Rs in Lakh ) S. No. Activity Component Total Phy Fin 1. Strengthening LN transport and distribution system a). Semen Station 1 3. b). Semen Banks c). Bulk liquid nitrogen transport and distribution system Bull Production programme a) Murrah Bull production programme b) Indigenous cattle Bull Production Programme 5 1. d) Import of Semen Straws 6 3. e) Import of embryos 3. Support to SIAs, Breeders Associations, Gaushalas, Cooperatives, NGOs for field performance recording, Progeny Testing, ONBS, etc a) Field Progeny testing including feed supplement to heifers 1 8. b) Implementing ONBS with MOET 1 4. c) Strengthening of bull mother farm Procurement of breeding bulls for natural service a) Procurement of male Rs 1/calf b) Insurance of male calves c) Testing of bulls against STD s (including Karyo typing)

55 5. Strengthening AI network a) Strengthening semen stations b) Establishment of new semen station 1 2. b) Procurement of AI bulls from indigenous sources Strengthening field AI network a) Establishment of private AI workers 2 6. b) Conversion of AI enters into mobile AI enters and replacement of AI equipments c) Strengthening of NGO/VO AI centres Man power development a) Training of private AI workers 2 2. b) Training of existing AI workers c) Training of professionals 2 4. d) Training of professionals abroad 8. Strengthening/ establishment of training centres for AI 4 2. Workers 9. Assistance to private AI 6/- per AI worker Assistance to SIA a) Managerial grants to SIA 1. b) Computerization and MIS 2. c) Concurrent evaluation Sexual health control programme a) Organization of fertility camps TOTAL Financial sanction vis-à-vis releases/utilization : The project implementing agency namely OLRDS with the serious financial and administrative constraints besides limited man power have strived to achieve remarkable results in the implementation of the project. For the second phase of NPCBB, the state has received a total financial sanction of Rs358.1 lakh and of the total amount released was Rs lakh. Of the total released amount, the amount actually utilized by SIA so far is Rs lakh on various approved project components. A balance of Rs 345 lakh is available with SIA.The yearwise details are given in Table 5.2.

56 Table 5.2 : yearwise funds Sanctioned, Released and Utilised (Rs Lakh ) Year Funds Funds Funds utilized Balance Sanctioned Released Total Often in government, sanction of funds for various activities does not confirm with actual release and utilization due to various reasons, however in this case very little variation has been reported with regard to actual fund sanction and released to the SIA. But, difficulties have been experienced in the actual availability of funds on time. Though the CEO has been given all the powers to release the available funds to carry out designated activity, operationally it does not happen as the release proposal is required to route through the Director of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department who is also the Vice President of the society. This may be observed from the statement given by OLRDS that although funds were made available for the financial year for various activities, in actual case the money was not released to the organizationeven upto the end offebruary, 212. In most cases the funds are released in the last quarter of March to set the records right. As per the records, the year of fund sanction and release has been confirming for all the reported financial years, i.e 27-8, 28-9, 29-1, excepting some variations have been reported in cases like (i) strengthening of semen station where though no allocation were made in second phase of the project, an amount of Rs 3 lakh have been released in which obviously from the unspent amount of the first phase of the project or by re-appropriation of the allocation. (ii) For procurement of male calves Rs 15 lakh were sanctioned during 29-1, where as in the corresponding year only Rs 24.1 lakh have been released. (iii) For strengthening of the semen stations Rs 15 lakh have been released during though no sanction has been shown in the corresponding year. 5.3 Utilization of funds Actual and judicious investments made on various preplanned activities are the real test of performance of any organization. In respect of utilizing the scarce resource the state has exhibited excellent ability in spending the funds within the prescribed procedures. Funds released and actual utilization has been reported near cent percent in most of the areas of activities with lone exception of strengthening the semen station in which case though Rs 45 lakhs were available in two financial years only Rs 3 lakh have been utilized. For more judicious use of funds there is need to give more financial freedom and powers to the CDVOs at

57 districts as they are the actual field Generals of the Animal Husbandry activities to succeed in state. 5.4 Activity wise achievements as on Sl. Project No. Components Activities taken up 1 Liquid Nitrogen bulk transport storage and distribution a)sperm stations One Storage system established inside the laboratory b) Semen Banks 23 nos. Mini Transport vehicle for intra-district distribution of Semen Straw and Sheath. 2 nos. Transport containers and 24 nos. of Jumbo Straw Container c) Bulk transport system 2 nos. Horizontal Road Tankers for procurement & transportation of Liquid Nitrogen. d)establishment. of vertical tankers 13 nos. Vertical Storage Tankers established in different pivot points for smooth distribution of Liquid Nitrogen 2 Support to SIAs, Breeders' Associations, Gaushalas, Cooperatives, NGOs, etc. for a) field recording 2, nos. elite mothers identified through Field Performance Recording c) Identification of animals The identification of animals made by the field level as per milk recording at the doorstep of the farmer d) Development & Study & Characterization of 4 native breeds of cattle and 5 breeds of conservation of Buffalo Has been completed. indigenous breeds Four native breeds of cattle and one buffalo breed have been registered as identified breeds of our country. Conservation of Binjjharpuri cattle and Chilika Buffalo have been initiated by the SIA in first phase. e)implementing Rs. 4. lakhs has been sanctioned to take up ONBS during 211- ONBS with 12. However, no work is taken up. MOET f) Strengthening Strengthening of two bull mother farms is being continued during of bull mother The itemwise expenditure details are not available. farms 3 Acquisition of 115 nos. Murrah buffalo bulls were provided through Utkal bulls for NS Gomangal Samiti to the selected bull hosts in seven districts. 4 a) Strengthening of sperm stations The Frozen Semen Bank has been strengthened as per the requirement of Central Monitoring Unit followed with minimum standard protocol. Frozen semen bank has been awarded with ISO91:28 certificate with Grade-B by the GoI. b) Strengthening of Semen Banks c) New Semen Banks 4 nos. Regional Semen depots (Balasore, Chipilima, Bhawanipatna & Berhampur) has been strengthened. 3 nos. Semen storage and distribution centers were established in 3 districts

58 d) Acquisition of AI bulls e) Field Progeny Testing Programme f) CB Bull Production programme 14 nos. of AI bulls procured from CCBF, Sunabeda & Chipilima reared at Regional Semen Station, Bhawanipatna & Chipilima and inducted in the Sperm Station, Cuttack. 1 CB Bulls of the FSB, Cuttack have been put under Progeny Testing. 13 blocks in four dairy intensive districts of the State have been identified for selection of high producing CB cows to utilize them for CB Bull production by using the high pedigree semen. g) Import of 2 doses of semen straws have been imported from abroad Semen Straws through ULDB. h) Establishment Rs. 2. lakh have been sanctioned during for of new semen establishment of a new semen station at Kathpal, Mayurbhanj and no station action is initiated. 5 Designing Training Modules, Training Manuals and organizing training of a) Existing AI 3 existing AI Workers have undergone Refresher Training. Workers b) New AI 18 copies of training manual prepared for New AI Workers and Workers 135 Private AI Workers have undergone Refresher Training. c) Professionals 4 professionals undergone training on Frozen Semen Processing Technology & Bull Management. 6 Strengthening of Existing training facilities for a) AI Workers 4 AI Workers Training Institutes has been strengthened with up-todate facilities. 7 Conversion/ setting up of AI centres to enable mobile practice 16 stationary AI Centres were converted to Mobile Centres for providing doorstep service to the stakeholders. a) New centres 8 Govt. Non-AI Centres were converted to AI Institutions. (Providing AI facilities in non AI centres) b) OMFED 1625 AI Centres established by OMFED c) Private 165 Private AI workers are engaged in AI service. 8 Managerial Grants to SIAs and grants linked to activities a) Managerial grants to SIA Rs 1. lakh have been sanctioned as Managerial Grant to SIA during the phase

59 b) Computerisation/ MIS All CDVOs & SDVOs provided with computer and its peripherals. Software has been developed for managing the breeding programme at Directorate level and Frozen Semen Bank, Cuttack. SMS based reporting system has been developed to know constraints/problems of AI inputs supply in the State. GIS Mapping has been developed in every district for preparing integrated cattle development planning. Website of OLRDS has been developed. Identification of milch animal pockets as intensive and potential areas c) Studies and surveys d) Concurrent Rs. 17. lakh have been released by GOI for evaluation of NPCBB evaluation Phase- II through NABCONS. 9 Others a)farmers 3, farmers oriented in this programme for managing the orientation camp infertility problem in their milch animals. b) Fertility camps 2834 Fertility camps have been organized at the Block level. c) Launching of Project Kalyani In collaboration with BAIF, an Integrated Livestock Development Programme, KALYANI have been taken up in 1 districts of the State. 1 ILDCs have been set up in these districts to implement dairy developmental and breeding activities. 11 Programme operators and 1 Area officers were recruited. 71 exposure visits for farmers and 195 farmers were imparted training. 127 Infertility camps were organized as on march AI performed and Calves born: It may be observed that the number of AI done during the project period increased from in 21-2 to during There is a good growth in AI done in state like odisha where most of the districts are tribal with local cattle. Similar trend is observed with respect to calves born during the project period. Table 5.3: year wise number of AI performed and calves born year No. of A.I. done No. of Progeny born

60 5.6 Total milk production and availability of milk: Single most important achievement that could partially be attributed to the project is significant increase in milk production and per capita availability in state. Most particularly over two fold increase in milk production from Deshi cattle particularly due to fertility improvement. There has been significant increase in CB population after implementation of the project which raise both production and availability of milk in state Table 5.4: Year-wiseMilk Production( tons) and Availability (grams)in the State Year Cow Milk Buffalo Milk Goat Milk Total Milk Deshi C.B. Total Per Capita avilability 5.7 Theother important achievements of the SIA under NPCBB are- 299 Departmental institutions have been provided with AI Facility Static AI centers have been provided with mobile AI facility. 165 Private AI workers have been engaged to render breeding and health related services at farmers door step in inaccessible areas. 115 Natural service centers have been established Coverage of breedable population under organized breeding increased from 11% in 22-3 to 27% in LN2 transportation system has been strengthened with supply of transport vehicles to 23 districts of the State. Survey and characterization of four breeds of native cattle and three breeds of buffaloes have been carried in collaboration with OUAT. Four breeds of cattle and one breed of buffalo of Orissa have been finally recognized as cattle and buffalo breeds of India. Two Breeders Associations have been set up in Native tract of Chilika and Binjharpuri. Breed Improvement & Conservation of Binjharpuri Cattle has been initiated in its Native tract. Field Progeny Testing Programme has been taken up for evaluation of Breeding Value of 1 CB Cows at FSBS, Cuttack. 2 Elite CB cows have been identified through FPRS.

61 FPRS in four intensive districts of the State have been taken up recently in collaboration with BAIF. The Frozen Semen Bank, Cuttack is awarded with ISO 91:28 and Grade- B for quality semen production. During , FSB Khapuria has produced lakh doses of semen from 9 bulls. A bull calf Rearing Farm has been set up at Kathpal, Mayurbhanj and two Bull Mother farms have been strengthened. Geographical Information System (GIS) for assessment of service delivery relating to breeding. Integrated Livestock Development Programme (KALYANI) has been implemented in 1 Cattle Development Centers in collaboration with the NGO, BAIF under state plan. CB Calf rearing Programme have been taken up under RKVY 5.8Suggestions Careful planning of the field operations are requiredby involving the CDVOs and inturn the CDVOs need to actively engage the field staff periodically. The CDVOs at the District level may be authorized to purchase /incur required expenditures up to certain limits to reduce the timelag and avoid the delays. Urgent action need to be taken to establish the second full-fledged FSBS in the State. Strengthening and Management of Animal Breeding Information System(ABNIS) Infrastructure support for establishing Animal Breeding Information Networksystemat different levels. There is a need to increase the bull strength( pure as well as crossbred Jersey/HF) at FSBS,Cuttack. ThePrivae AI worker may be given some subsistence allowance to continue in the profession for the benefit of the sector and also rural poor. Since the focus of the programme is providing door service AI, it is only wishful thought that they should be using their personal vehicle. The transport cost per AI may be worked out separately and reimbursed to them after careful examination. Provision of feeding cost of bulls maintained for natural service. Assistance for replacement of 2% of existing cryo containers per annum Support for extension of AI network for new LACs The refresher training cost for the existing AI workers is to be revised and made uniform with other GoI sponsored programme. Cost for organization of Fertility Camps may be enhanced. Promotion and support to Breeders Organizations is to be emphasized. Necessary support may be provided. Managerial Grant to SIA may be suitably revised to meet the extra cost.

62 CHAPTER-6 SIA AND ITS VIABILITY According to the guidelines of Department of Animal Husbandry,Dairying and Fisheries, MoA, GoI on NPCBB, the State Implementing Agency should be sustainable and viable with its operations over a period of time. In order to support its viability, GoI sanctioned a managerial grant assistance of Rs. 1 lakh(phase II) to meet the miscellaneous implementation related expenditure of the project in the allocation of the project. Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society has been designated to implement NPCBB in the state. However, the functional or financial autonomy given to the CEO of OLRDS have to necessarily take the approval of the Director, AH&VS and the Secretary,DAH&F, GOO as Vice President and President respectively. The job of OLRDS is to implement NPCBB and collection of user charges by rendering AI services to the farmers. Area Livestock Development Agencies were not formed to monitor the AI programme with people s participation at the district or Sub-Divisional level. At present AI programme is monitored at the district level by the Chief District Veterinary Officers posted in the districts. 6.1 Sources of Income and Expenditure : Normally the sources of income for the SIA are sale of frozen semen, liquid Nitrogen, breeding stock for natural service, culling of bulls and miscellaneous items, while the expenditure is on cost of frozen semen production including salary and wages and overheads of frozen semen bull stations, cost of liquid nitrogen, cost of breeding stock and salaries of staff and other overhead expenses (electricity, water, repairs & maintenance, TA & DA) of the SIA. The breeding infrastructure has not been transferred from the Department of Animal Husbandry to OLRDS so far. As the breeding infrastructure is maintained by Dept. of AH & VS and OLRDS is entrusted with the implementation of NPCBB and collection of user charges for AI services, there are two cost centers i.e. Dept of AH&VS and OLRDS. While major demand for semen is met out from OLRDS own source, i.e., through FSB, Cuttack, Liquid nitrogen is being purchased from outside the State and is supplied to the AI centers of DAHD/Gomitra at free of cost. With respect to OLRDS, the sources of income are NPCBB grant, Livestock insurance scheme of GOI, AI fee, Interest on FD s and sale of miscellaneous items like tender forms,etc.the expenditure items are mostly towards Investment cost items like civil constructions, purchase of Equipment including AC,Xerox machines,computers, vehicles,furnitures, vertical silos,etc and the operational expenditure of FSBS,Bull mother farms,software, fuel&lubricants, seminars, documentation, medicines, chemicals, postal,stationery items,contingencies,etc.although, the user fee is supposed to come to SIA, it is not reflecting in the income and expenditure statement of NPCBB.Similarly the insurance amount received is also not shown in the income expenditure statement of NPCBB. Inview of the above, the income-expenditure statement is prepared based on the details given and presented in table 6.1.

63 Table 6.1:Income-expenditure of SIA: Income-Expenditure Account of NPCBB From Whom Received Amount in Rs Grant-in-Aid Interest on SB A/c Interest on TDR Interest on Interest A/c Refund of income Tax Misc Income Total income Expenditure A. Fixed Expenditure civil constructions Equipment-Lab & AI centers AC/Xerox/Mobile Computers Furniture Vehicles Semen straw LN2 tank Kit bag TotalFixed expenses B. operational expenditure Advertisement Expenditure Annual Maintainance Charges Audit Charges Contingency expenses Fuel & Lubricants Entry tax of Equipments Feed cost and maintainance of Bull Calves Gomitra Expenses 165 Income tax paid Internet Charges Meeting expenses Purchase of medicine Operational cost of ABMIS Postage & Telephone Printing & Stationery

64 Remuneration to Consolidated staff Repairs, Maintainance and insurance of vehicle Sanitation/cleaning expenses Seminar expenses Training expenses Travelling Expenses Karyotyping /Evaluationof FSB Bulls Transportation of LN Exp. On Vertical storage Tank Documentary Film Exp Consultancy Charges Annual Maitenance Establishment expenses of AI(OMFED) 164 Misc Expenses Total Operational Expenditure Total Expenditure (A+B) Gross Surplus/ Unspent Balance From the details of the Income and Expenditure statement of NPCBB operations, for the period from 26-7 to 29-1, it could be noted that OLRDS did not receive user fee for AI service. Of the grants received from the GOI under NPCBB and Interst amounts and after meeting the expenses of investment and recurring items, the unspent balance is Rs lakh as on As the balance sheets for the subsequent years are not finalized, the same is not provided to the team. It appears to be there is no surplus left with the SIA as there are no other major sources of income. 6.2 Cost of semen production: Cost of semen dose at the start of the project was Rs.6.48 and at present it was estimated to be Rs.8.24 excluding the staff salary cost, Liquid Nitrogen & other overheads. Including overheads, it was reported to be Rs.21. vis-à-vis the charges collected at Rs1. per AI at the center and Rs2. per doorstep AI. The Gomitra are not charging uniform fee from the cattle keepers. This widely varies from place to place as well as person to person. It is easily said than actually increasing the cost of Insemination considering the economic condition of the cattle keepers. Further to add is the fact that vast majority of the Dairy cattle keepers did not consider this as an economic activity. Cattle are kept more as social and personal considerations rather than competitive economic reasons. The assumption that the Gomitra could be able to sustain himself or herself on the basis of the service charge collected by them is equally untenable. The Gomitra must have to be provided with much more intensive training to provide the first line of

65 preventive and curative treatment under the guidance of near by Veterinary Doctor. Increasing the AI charges may result in farmers opting to natural service by the local bulls, which are freely wandering in the villages and towns in the state. Hence, SIA (OLRDS) will not be financially viable and sustainable without assistance from plan fund in Orissa. Transfer of the NPCBB scheme ultimately to the state could be feasible only after granting of functional and financial autonomy and transfer of breeding infrastructure to OLRDS by the state, as the OLRDS should be vested in adequate powers to implement the scheme effectively. 6.3Viability: The viability of any organization is not a simple issue. It depends on several factors. Particularly with respect to OLRDS, since it is assigned service providing responsibilities with an objective of improving the socio economic conditions of rural people in Odisha through intervention of Cattle breed improvement programme. All its services are provided at highly subsidized cost to meet the social objective of poverty reduction in Odisha. However, OLRDS has been constantly working on cost minimization of its activities. Further the question of viability of an organization should necessarily not be viewed only from the point of financial terms. The nature of the job and service provided by the organization must be taken into consideration in deciding viability. OLRDS is essentially involved in providing livestock breeding support to improve the livestock wealth and consequently improving the socio-economic condition of the rural people, most particularly the below poverty group. Hence the organization primarily serves important social cause while enhancing building National Wealth Base. Therefore, the viability of OLRDS should be examined from the stand point of enhancing the worth of livestock in the State/ National economy. 6.4 Alternatives for viability of SIA : There are some options availableto make OLRDS financially viable I. To minimize the running cost of administrative expenditure. II. To enhance its service cost to the rural cattle keepers. Any upward revision of the service charge will be counter productive from the people response to pay AI service for breed improvement in the state.since the out come of the program will be the total value addition of the livestock wealth of the state as well as social purpose ofsupporting the economically weaker section, this cost must have to be born by the state. III. Grant assistance by state Government may help the SIA to be viable.

66 CHAPTER 7 Progeny Testing, Bull production and Conservation 7.1 Progeny testing and bull production programme : Bulls are considered to be the most important players for carrying out organized breeding services, as the main objectives of breeding like development of foundation stock, increase in productive capacity and reproductive efficiency of the local stock through genetic up gradation can not be achieved without them. They are the reservoirs of the required germplasm or genetic potentialities, which is transmitted to subsequent generations through their offsprings. Once it is established in the offsprings or progenies no extra cost is required to transmit these characters for further inheritance unlike in case of environmental components like the management practices, which needs constant investment. In other hand selection of breeding bulls is an important factor for attaining the desired result. By observing only the body conformation, phenotypic characters or pedigree records, it is not accurate to judge the genetic potentialities of a bull. Progeny Testing therefore, basing on the adequate information gives an accurate estimate of breeding value for assessing the genetic potentialities and is therefore preferred when the animal is used for breeding. There are around 8 donor bulls of different breeds maintained in Frozen Semen Station, Khapuria, Cuttack which include 2 crossbred bulls. As per the project component under NPCBB during 29-1, Progeny testing Programme was taken up in the State with 1 CB Bulls of the FSB in first phase.four clusters have been selected to take up the programme covering two districts like Cuttack and Jagatsingpur. The clusters are Niali and Kantapada of Cuttack district and Jagatsingpur and Balikuda of Jagatsdingpur district. Before initiating the programme by the SIA, detailed discussions were made with experts and eminent technical persons for its successful implementation in field. Accordingly a detailed work plan was made as per the availability of fund.district level and Block level orientation programmes for the field functionaries were conducted to orient the Vets and Paravets of the blocks concerned for steps to be followed during the programme.1 crossbred bulls were selected to put them under PT. 38 AI centers of Niali and 26 AI Centers of Kantapada block of Cuttack district were selected for taking up the programme.the bulls were coded and the semen of these bulls was supplied to the selected AI centers for test insemination. All the required inputs like cowcards, AI (Test insemination) registers were supplied to the field centers. The CB semen available with these centers were withdrawn and stored at the VD in a separate container. Those straws were replaced with the coded bull semen for test AI.The AI workers were followed time to time for filling up the cards, AI and others. Effort was taken for uninterrupted supply of inputs to these AI centers by FSB, Cuttack.13 AI per bull has already been completed till March 211 in these two clusters like Niali and Kantapada. The Test insemination was started in November 21.The inseminated cows are being followed for pregnancy by the Field officials in these two blocks. In other two clusters like Balikuda and

67 Jagatsingpur the Test Insemination programme is under progress. It is expected to perform 7 inseminations per bull in these two clusters. Proposed Work Plan Unit Total No of Districts to be covered 2 2 No of Blocks to be covered 4 4 No of Bulls to be Tested (1 st phase) 1 1 No of total straws to be used 2 2 No of Semen Straws/ Bull to be used 2 2 No of Semen straws/bull/block to be used 5 2 Expected no. of progenies /bull/block 2 8 Expected no. of female progenies /bull/block 1 4 Expected no. Progenies attaining maturity for AI/bull /block 5 2 No of progenies (F1) expected to attain motherhood 3 12 It is expected that nearly 12 female progenies (12/bull) can be made available to attain motherhood for estimating the breeding value of the bulls selected for the programme.they started recording the details of progenies born, but the present position is not available with the SIA. 7.2 Strengthening of Bull mother and Bull calf rearing Farms: Funds have been received from GoI under NPCBB to strengthen these farms during different years. Initially two farms like Chipilima and Keonjhar farms were selected to develop as bull mother farms but subsequently, LBD Farm, Khapuria was added as another bull mother farm to be strengthened under NPCBB. Moreover, LBD Farm Kathpal was selected for Bull Calf Rearing farm to rear AI bulls till they attain maturity. All the farms have been assisted under NPCBB for their infrastructural improvement and also for recurring expenses. The details of fund assisted to these farms are- a) Improvement & strengthening of Bull Mother Farms b) Improvement of LBD Farm Kathpal Rs lakhs Rs. 2. lakhs

68 The present animal strength in these farms are as follows- Sl.No Animal Strength Name of the In Consu- LBD Farms milk Dry Heifers Bull Suckling ming Breed Calves Calves Others Total Units M F ECB Farm, Chiplima C.B LBD Farm, Keonjhar C.B C.B LBD Farm, M.B Khapuria TOT Output i. Strengthening of these farms has helped the department for procurement of bull calves especially cross bred calves as future donors basing on their pedigree. ii. About 4 such bull calves have been procured in last two years from these farms. (25 from Chipilima, 1 from Khapuria & 5 from Keonjhar). iii. In Kathpal, presently 93 bull calves of different breeds are being reared to raise them as future donors OF FSB. iv. Around 4 bull calves from Kathpal have been shifted to FSBS, Cuttack as trainers. 7.3Conservation of breeds (Binjharpuri): A detailed plan has been prepared for taking up the conservation of native breeds especially Binjharpuri in first phase in Orissa. Efforts have been taken up to initiate the programme in Chilika Buffalo and Ghumsuri cattle. Breeders organizations have been set up in the native tracts of Binjharpuri and Chilika to take up the programme in coordination with the farming community. The plan programme chalked out is as follows. The cattle genetic resources of Orissa comprising four distinct and a large number of nondescript types of cattle are associated with the farming community of the state since long. The four distinct breeds of cattle named Binjharpuri, Motu, Ghumusuri and Khariar have their own genetic and phenotypic potentialities that differ from other breeds of cattle in India. It is assumed that these cattle resources have naturally developed and socially adapted from long years of selection and evolution based on their utility in the production system. Mechanization in agriculture has not influenced significantly in crop production of the state and the farmers still depend upon the draft animals a large extent for the purpose.

69 7.3.1 Binjharpuri Breed Binjharpuri, one of the registered cattle breeds of Orissa serving as a dual purpose cattle for the farming community and still exists in almost pure form which states the preference of the stake holders towards the maintenance of unique qualities of this cattle population in its native tract. The breed proves its worth in agricultural operation and milk production potentialities and needs to be conserved and improved through selective breeding. Popularly known as local cattle in its native tract, these are seen in large numbers in Binjharpur, Bari, Sujanpur and Dasarathpur area of Jajpur district and also in parts of Kendrapada and Bhadrak districts of Orissa. The animal is medium sized, horned, strong and dual type docile cattle with good posture. Bulls look very strong with high vigor and well developed humps, dewlap and naval flap. The skin color is normally white but grey, white and brown colors are also not uncommon. These animals are mostly reared under range system with less input and resistant to many diseases and adverse climatic conditions. They are periodically vaccinated for diseases like HS, BQ, and FMD by the Animal Husbandry Department. The breeding system of these cattle is very much indiscriminant as the people leave the defective male calves which in long run become bulls. Three to four such bulls move in herd for breeding the females contributing negatively to the phenotype and genotype of the animal Breed Improvement It is recommended that the best male calves, four to five from each village are to be selected, procured and maintained either by the Government or Non-government agencies (societies) to rear for breeding purpose. These bulls will serve the purpose of breeding after attaining the maturity i.e., three to four years of age and are to be maintained scientifically to avoid inbreeding Objective The present proposal has the following objective: To improve production and reproduction performance of Binjharpuri breed in its native tract through selective breeding Strategy Selection of bull calves basing on their dams yield to be used for genetic improvement at farmers level. Technical Programme 1. Selection of elite females through Field Performance Recording by following CHRS norms. 2. Selection of bull calves basing on the production performance of their mothers through recording process. 3. Regular health coverage of cows through awareness and support in the clusters. 4. Rearing of selected bull calves.

70 7.3.5 Operational Guidelines (Phase-1) i. The breed improvement program will be taken up in six clusters of Jajpur district basing upon the availability of the animals. The clusters selected are- Sl. No. Name of the Cluster Name of the VD Name of the block 1 Haladidiha Binjharpur Binjharpur 2 Chandramu 3 Chhatishdebil Sujanapur Sujanpur 4 Bodua Rampa 5 Aniaspur Bori 6 Angala Angala ii. The VAS/AVAS of concerned area will identify the villages under each cluster where good numberof Binjharpuri cattle are available. iii. A preliminary survey will be made in the above clusters for selection of cows for putting them into FPRS. iv. Around 2 Binjharpuri cows with 15 days to 1 month age calf at foot produced out of Natural services will be identified in each cluster. It is expected that about 8-1 villages will be coming under one cluster with 2-3 such cows per village. v. The preliminary survey is completed, screening and breeders group formation at village and cluster level will be taken up shortly so that the villages and list of animals with details can be finalised. vi. The Binjharpuri Cattle Promoters and Development Society (BCPDS), will also provide necessary support to VAS, Rampa and Binjharpur in survey work and formation of breeders group in addition to making the same in Chhatisdebil cluster area. vii. Sufficient monograms on Binjharpuri will be supplied by OLRDS to each cluster for differentiating the animals from others like graded and crossbred. viii. Farmers awareness meeting will be conducted before taking up the recording process in each cluster. Around fifty farmers including local PRI members from each cluster will be participated the meeting. It was decided that the awareness is to be completed within a week after selection of the villages. ix. Required inputs like cow and calf cards, ear tags, applicators and recording inputs will be supplied to each cluster by OLRDS. x. Thereafter the Field Performance Recording will be taken up as per the procedure engaging local persons as milk recorders for analyzing the performance of the selected cows. xi. It was also decided that if a recorder feels that a cow with good potentiality is left out due to advanced pregnancy or little over age of calf, then he can include the cow in consultation with the concerned VAS. xii. Each village will have one Milk Recorder for recording of milk of the selected animals. xiii. The local VAS/ AVAS will work as supervisors to supervise the work of the recorders.

71 xiv. xv. xvi. xvii. The compilation and maintenance of data relating to the programme will be made at district level and the district Nodal Officer will be furnishing the same to OLRDS time to time as and when required. However, the Animal Breeding & Geneticist of the district, Dr. Nanda will be coordinating the programme for its progress in each cluster. He will also be allowed to visit the clusters during preliminary survey for identifying the breed of animals. After selection of elite cows and calves through recording process the rearing of male and female calves will be finalized later by the OLRDS in consultation with the breeders fora. The supervising officers are to procure the materials and assistances directly from OLRDS to avoid delay. They will be responsible and accountable for implementation of the programme in their area. 7.4 Open Nucleus Breeding System(ONBS): Though the funds were sanctioned and released under phase II, the same is not used so far.

72 CHAPTER 8 FROZEN SEMEN PRODUCTION Two Frozen semen production stations were established i.e. one in Khapuria, Cuttack district and the other in Bhawanipatna, Kalahandi district of Orissa to ensure supply of frozen semen to the AI centers in the state. Frozen semen production station, Cuttack was established in the year 1978 and the station at Bhavanipatna was established in the year However, Bhawanipatna station was closed on the advice of central team during the year 23 and semen is produced only in Cuttack station. Frozen Semen Production Station, Khapuria, Cuttack: 8.1 General : The Frozen Semen Production Station was established in 1978 with the central assistance under Indo Danish project. It has received financial assistance from central Govt. besides ICAR for further strengthening. It has a total area of 9 Acres, of which 4.5 Acres are under different Buildings and related structures. Rest 4.5 Acres are put for fodder cultivation. The FSBS, Cuttack has been graded as B by Central Monitoring Unit of GOI during year Activities: The activities performed by Frozen Semen Bank Cuttack are, 1 Frozen semen production (French Mini) 2 Frozen semen procurement and distribution, 3 LN2 procurement from Industrial source and distribution to bulk storage points, 4 Training of Vet and Para vet on FSAI and Fertility management, 5 Support to Post Graduate Research in Field of Andrology,

73 6 Technical support to implementation of NPCBB in State and 6 Technical support to Veterinary officers Training Institute. 8.3Manpower : Presently, the station is headed by Dr.G.C.Sar, Deputy Director, a post graduate in Gynecology. Dr Sar is a experienced and well trained person in semen processing and management. He was trained at S. A.G., Bidaj on semen processing & SSM, LN2 Plant Management by Phipips, Holand. He is assisted by One Assistant Directors and one Veterinary Assistant Surgeon who are M.V. Sc in Gynaecology.The total technical man power available in the centre is 7. This is quite in adequate taking in to the magnitude of work and responsibilities. The details is as bellow, (b) Other Manpower Position : Sl.No. Designation Qualification Experience Training Status 1 Deputy Director M.V.Sc. (Gyan.) 6 Years Trained at SAG, Bidaj on frozen semen processing & SSMS, LN 2 plant management by Philips, Holand. 2 Assistant Director M.V.Sc. (Gyan.) 14 Years Trained at KLDB on Adv. Repro. Mgmt. & AI 96. Dairy Management & Extn. At BAIF 99. CFSP & TI, Hissarghata 6 Years Exposure visit to FSB, Vizag. 3 Veterinary Asst. Surgeon M.V.Sc. (Gyan.) 4 Q.C.O. M.V.Sc. 4 Years CFSP & TI, Hissarghat (Gyan.) 5 Research M.V.Sc. 4 Years SSMS, SAG, Bidaj Assistant (Gyan.) 6 Sr. Lab. Asst. B.Sc. 14 Years Semen Processing at SAG, Bidaj 7 Sr. Lab. Asst. B.Sc. 5 Years Trained at FSB, Vizag.

74 Young Bull shed 8.4 Infrastructure : The details of civil infrastructure in the FSBS, Cuttack is given in Table 8.1. Table 8.1 : Details of civil infrastructure on FSBS, Cuttack S.No. Particulars Area (Sft.) Capacity Remarks A. Civil Structures 1 Bull sheds 4 nos. 25,875 7 Bulls Individual pens, however, the bulls under training are kept@ 2 in one pen 2 Bull exercisers 4 8 Bulls At a time 3 Semen bank Laboratory First aid centers Office building Security cabins Garage 2 Bore wells/tube 3 wells B. Others Number Capacity Remarks 1 Water tanks Overhead Underground Ltrs. 3 Ltrs.

75 8.5 Bulls for semen collection : The strength of the bull station had been significantly improved through support of NPCBB. The breedwise total number of breeding bulls maintained at the bull stationas on the date of visit is given in Table 8.2 below. Table 8.2 : Breed wise Bulls Maintained at FSBS, Cuttack Breed Minimum Number of animals as per standards Number of bulls Standards Adult Under Total purchased from (Litres / lactation) Below 8Years Above 8Years Training NPCBB Fund Exotic Jersey Jersey Hariana Red Sindhi Total Presently there are 87 bulls stationed at FSBS, Khapuria. In addition to this 6 more grower bulls are at Kathapada in Dist Mayurbhanja. Breed wise details are Jersey 1, Crossbred 25, Hariana 1 and Red Sindhi 15. The total no of bull calves inducted over period of time though NPCBB funding stands at 111 in phase II. 8.5 Sourcing, Criteria for selection and Quality of bulls : The details regarding the source of procurement of breeding bulls/ bull calves and the specified criteria followed has been indicated below. The main source of bulls have been Govt farms, i.e. CCBF, Sunabeda,State Livestock Farm and Govt. Livestock Farm, Hissar. Though very good animals particularly buffaloes are available with the farmers, the sourcing could not be accepted as no proper pedigree records are maintained by the farmers. Parameters with regards criteria of bull selection are (i) Pedigree records (ii) Dam lactation yield with reference to minimum, maximum and average milk production recorded, (iii) Andrological examination (iv)karyotyping (v) Age (vi) Disease free health condition.

76 Bull exerciser Table 8.3 : Breedwise source of purchase and criteria for selection of bulls Sl. No. Particulars Exotic Crossbred Cattle A. Source of Purchase Agency CCBF, Sunabeda State Livestock breeding Farms Indigenous Cattle (RS, Hariana) CCBF, Chiplima, Govt.Farm, Hissar B. Criteria for selection i. Pedigree records Yes Yes Yes Dam lactation yield ( Liters ) - Minimum Maximum ii. Andrological examination Yes Yes Yes iii. Karyotyping Yes Yes Yes iv Diseases Yes Yes Yes v Age Yes Yes Yes C Quality of bulls used i. Whether Progeny testing is done no no no ii. iii. iv If yes, how many are proven bulls Total quantity of doses of proven bulls Whether Fertility assay for each bull is carried out on the basis of data received from the field

77 8.7 Details on fodder cultivation and feed : The FSB maintains a fodder farm of 4.5 Acres that partially meet the need. One energized bore well is operational with NPCBB funding. Perennial fodders like Hybrid Napier,NB-21, CO- 1,Para and seasonal fodder like Berseem, MP chari and Oats are cultivated. Additionally Fodder farm of Dept. in Mahanadi Patha has been brought under the control of Deputy Director FSBS since 26-7 and the cost of fodder is Rs 9 per ton plus transportation cost. Balanced feed is procured from OMFED, OAIC, UGS,etc. Other details are given bellow. i) Area under fodder cultivation (ha.) : 4.5 acres a) Irrigated : 4.5 acres b) Unirrigated : Nil c) Total annual fodder production (Tons) : 349 d) Annual demand for fodder (Tons) : 73 e) Annual purchase of fodder ( Tons) : Green fodder : 365 Dry fodder : 2 f) Amount spent in purchase of fodder : Rs.3,95,8 g) Availability of chaffing facility : Chaff cutter available h) Source of concentrate feed Farm production / Purchase : Purchase If purchased, source & brand : OMFED, UGS, OAIC Fodder farm of FSBS

78 8.8 Feeding standards : The feeding standard followed at the bull station is presented bellow. As may be noted so far feeding is concerned no differentiation is made among Exotic, CB and Indigenous animals. The average daily ration includes 4 Kg Compound Feed Mix.25-3 Kg Green Fodder and dry fodder mostly paddy straw as per need of the animal. S. Type of fodder / Unit cost Quantity of fodder or feed / day (kg) No. feed (Rs./kg) Exotic Crossbred Indigenous Buffalo Bulls Bulls Bulls Bulls I Concentrate Ii Green Fodder Iii Dry Fodder 4. As per As per As per need - need need 8.9 Animal health status : All the breeding bull are tested annually per IBR, TB, JD, Trichomoniasis, Brucella, by RDDL, Kolkata, and State Laboratory.Karyotyping of all donating bulls is being done by NDDB. S. No. Particulars Exotic Bulls Crossbred Bulls Indigenous Bulls In the past one year i. Diseases reported ( FMD / Nil Nil Nil - Brucellosis / TB / IBR / BVD ) ii. Vaccinated against ( FMD / Yes Yes Yes - HS/ BQ ) iii. Number of times dewormed 4 times 4 times 4 times - Iv Number of times tested for Annually Annually Annually diseases Buffalo Bulls 8.1 Disposal of bulls : Periodic culling of the bulls that did not confirm the norms due to old age, sickness or any other consideration is in practice. Between 27-8 and , a total no of 66 bulls were culled. Maximum no of 25 are Crossbred, following by 19 Exotic, 11 Red sindhi and 1 Hariana bulls. As these bulls are normally given to State gosadan,babhanda at free of cost, there is no income realized.

79 Table 8.4 : Year wise and breed wise number of bulls culled Breed of Bulls No. Amoun No. Amount No. Amount No. Amount No Amount t (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs.) (Rs) Exotic Crossbred Red Sindhi Hariana Total Semen collection : Annually about 1 to 15 thousand collections are made and processed. Each bull gives nearly 9 to 95 collections per year. The Other details are as under. a) Average number of collections per year : b) Average number of semen does per year : 16 (15 17) c) Number of doses in stock : 8,12,326 ( ) d) Space in collection yard/collection crate : Sufficient e) Hygiene and preparation of bulls : Good

80 8.12 Laboratory practices : Quality control Laboratory has been set up in a separate building during the year All quality control tests like PT motility, HOST incubation Test, Acrosome Integrity, Microbial load, Sperm morphology etc. are conducted regularly as per MSP of Govt of India recommendation. One DIC microscope was installed during April 7 to strengthen quality control process. Recently one CASA has been installed for better processing and analysis of the quality of Frozen semen. It has been funded under RKVY. It is beneficial to study sperm kinematics and evaluate the bull more objectively as FSB Cuttack is procuring Buffalo and Cross Bred HF and Jersey of high genetic merit from reputed sources. CASA will be used to assess quality of such semen. New building to accommodate Andrology Lab and semen dispatch will be constructed with RKVY funding. All other details as below i. Lab space (sq.ft.) and lab design (enclose layout) : 15 Sq.ft. ii. Sanitary procedures in the lab : Mopping, Fumigation, UV Radiation iii. Minimum acceptable motility for freezing : 7 per cent iv. Sperm concentration dose (in million) : a.pre-cooling : 2 Million b.post thawing : 1 Million v. Filling of straws : Automatic vi.type of straws used (German or French) : French mini vii. Capacity of straw :.25 ml viii. Composition of dilutor : Tris buffer, Glycerol, Citric Acid, Fructose ix. Manufacturer of straws used : IMV x. Cost at which empty straws procured : Rs.1.4 / Straw xi. Is there any rejection after sealing : Yes xii. Reasons for rejection or disposal : Post Thaw quality control tests xiii.present quality status : ISO 91 : Major equipments of Laboratory : The list of major equipments, available number, status of working, year of purchase, source of funding and annual maintenance contract of various equipment is given in Table 8.5 below.

81 Table 8.5 : List of major equipments in the Laboratory S. No. Name Number Year of Source purchase of funds 2 Procurement cost Usable/ Status (Rs. ) Unusable AMC Filling, sealing & 1. printing machine 23 NPCBB 9 lac Usable Yes (Integrated) 2. Photometer 2 23 NPCBB 5 lac Usable Yes 3. Phase contrast 2 microscope 2 TMDD - - Yes 4. Laminar flow 3 2 State Cold handling cabinet 1 26 NPCBB 9 lac Usable Yes 6. Semen analyzer 1 29 NPCBB 58 lac Usable Yes 7. Biological freezer NPCBB 29 lac Usable Yes 8. Autoclave 4 21 NPCBB usable - 9. Hot air oven 2 26 State 1 lac Usable - 1. AV sterilizer TMDD - Usable ph meter 1 25 State.3 lac Usable Digital balance State 1 lac Usable Analytical balance State Usable Incubators TMDD Distillation apparatus 1 Milli pora 26 NPCBB 6 lac Usable Water boiler 1 usable Refrigerator 2 21 State.3 lac Usable Semen Storage 4 containers 1996 TMDD LN2 containers 5 21 NPCBB 6 lac Usable Semen evaluation process: Regular and mandatory evaluation of semen from each bull for every collection is done besides for each batch of freezing. In addition to the strict in house quality monitoring of semen against tests like PCR, Host incubation,morphology, Mobility, Mortality Percentage,etc, sample straw from each batch is also sent to RDDL, Kolkota for external evalution. Fertility of individual bull is verified from regular data collected from field Liquid nitrogen supply: The state presently is not having any LN2 plant in working condition. All the existed LN2 plants at Phulnakhara and Chiplima are defunct. As the required quantity is available at reasonable cost

82 and on assured basis from industrial source, presently LN2 in procured from BOC India Ltd. Jamshedpur. i) Quantity of LN 2 required ( liters per annum ) : 23 ii) Quantity of LN 2 procured (liters per annum ) : 23 iii) Source of procurement (liters per annum ) : BOC India Ltd., Jamshedpur iv) Cost of LN 2 procured ( Rs. per liter ) : Rs.7.81 iv) Frequency of supply to semen banks : Weekly vii. Cryocans for semen & LN2 storage ( Size & No.) : S.No Cryocans Capacity Number a Bulk LN 2 container 1 liters 1 b Cryocans for semen storage 1 5 c Cryocans for LN 2 storage TA Data processing facility: In order to keep updated information, data processing system have been completely computerized in spite of shortage of computer qualifed personnel. Type of records maintained includes breed wise and bull wise semen production, stock registers, herd anagement and all other related important information. The software used is as per the requirement to submit report on QPR,MPR and APR besides others Production, Procurement and distribution of semen: The total amount of semen produced by the station is for the exclusive use in the state. It strives hard to meet the requirement of OLRDS as far as possible. The breed wise semen produced from 27-8 to is given in Table 8.6. As may be observed, the major production comes from pure bred (Exotic Jersey/Holstein), followed by Cross bred, Red sindhi and Hariana breeds. As the FSBS, Cuttack does not have the production of buffalo bull semen and the demand for semen of Pure/CB cattle bull is more than the production, the SIA is procuring the semen from the A Grade semen banks of the country. The year wise procurement of semen is given in table 8.7. Table 8.6 :Breed wise Production /Distribution of semen doses during last five years(number of doses): Breed Present stock Jersey / Holstein Crossbred RS Hariana Buffalo Total Production 2- Distribution

83 Table 8.7: Yearwise and agencywise procurement of semen year Breed Number of Doses Amount( Rs) Source 27-8 Murrah 2 18 APLDA 28-9 CB-HF-5% BAIF CB-Jersey-75% 24 BAIF CB-HF-5% 349 BAIF Murrah SAG,Bidaj 29-1 Murrah BAIF CB-Jersey-75% BAIF CB-HF-5% 2 CB-HF-5% SAG,Bidaj Murrah 2 25 APLDA CB-Jersey 7 SAG,Bidaj CB-HF 3 Murrah Breed wise average semen production and Cost per semen dose: The breed wise average production of semen from 27-8 indicates that though there has been improvement over the years in respect of pure bred jersey/holstein as well as crossbreds, the performance of indigenous breeds is on the declining trend. Hence there is a need to cull those under performing bulls and replace with better bulls based on FPR. The yearwise cost of production of semen is given in table 8.8. The cost of production per dose of semen works out to Rs 8.24 irrespective of breed for the year Table 8.8 : Breed wise average production / bull / annum during last five years(no of doses) Breed Jersey / Holstein Crossbreds Red Sindhi Hariyana Production cost of semen(rs/ Dose) 8.19Performance monitoring of bulls: As a mandatory requirement the performance of all the bulls are regularly monitored to keep check on the quality maintenance of the semen. The parameters currently adopted are(i) Quantity of semen yield (ii) Live sperm concentration (iii) Frequency of collection and (iv) Libido of the bull. The periodicity fallowed is 6 months. This is done at the level of Deputy Director who heads the station.

84 8.2 Constraints faced : i. Location of frozen semen bank and bull station itself which was established some times in early fifties during Key village scheme programme. At that time, Khapuria was well out side the periphery of Cuttack. Further its access to the Directorate of Veterinary service was also important besides other consideration.further it has no scope for expansion considering the vast scope and opportunityfor livestock and dairy sector in the state. ii. As the FSBS is very well within the congested city, there is major constraint of BIOSECURITY and waste disposal. iii. Deputy Director has limited financial and administrative power to purchase laboratory articles. iv. Enough funds are not available for equipments and consumables. v. Personnel working in the lab need to be trained / exposed to reputed semen banks Suggestions for improvement : i. In the given situation the FSBS, Cuttack has been performing well. The minimum investment required to take care of Biosecurity and shed for additional bulls may be considered. ii. Considering the the crucial nature of the job and its importance special considerations be made to liberalize the purchase procedure of consumables for the laboratory. The Deputy Director, FSBSbe authorized to procure such requirement from authorized agencies with in the norms. iii. The man power position needs to improve immediately by filling the vacant position and allowing to engage casual labourers and skilled workers on short term temporary basis. iv. Skill improvement of the technical staff of FSB is urgent need.

85 CHAPTER 9 SEMEN STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION Frozen Semen Bank, Khapuria, Cuttack is the principal activity center with regards to semen collection, processing, storage and distribution to all the district head quarters. The CDVOs located in the district oversees the subsequent distribution. In practice, each of the districtoperates as individual semen bank/depot for the AI Centers in the district under the supervision of CDVO. 9.1 Location and Infrastructural facilities: The CDVO office in each District function as the designated semen and liquid nitrogen bank for the District concerned. Though such an important task has been rest with the CDVO, it was observed during field visits, that none of the Districts have an exclusive building for storing the semen or LN2.Further, there is no specific sanctioned post of officer in charge of District semen bank. Semen Bank/Depot BA-35 type containers are used for storage of semen straws. The number of BA-35 containers for each district vary depending on the coverage and no of feeding centers in that District. For example, the total Ganjam District has 128 containers(ba-25) in addition to one BA 2 container. Semen straws are kept in two size of goblets of 2 and 4. At field level all the Veterinary Hospitals/ Veterinary Dispensaries and major Livestock Assistant Centers function as Feeder Centers. In each of these Centers, one or two BA-35/BA-2 containers are placed for storage of semen. Semen straws of all breeds are kept here. Each of

86 these Feeder center supports 3 to 5 AI centers which collects semen straws in goblet of 4 straws each. The container used by the AI worker is YDS-3 type. They normally refill LN2 once in 3-4 days interval. Semen refilling is done as and when required. 9.2 Procurement of semen and Liquid Nitrogen: The CDVOs of each district compile the requirement of semen doses after obtaining the requisition from different AI centers of department as well as GOMITRA s on monthly basis. Accordingly semen doses of different breeds are procured from Cuttack frozen semen bank. Liquid Nitrogen is Directly supplied at the District by the Centralised supply agency BOC, Jamsedpur, Jharkhand. Due care is taken for proper cold chain maintenance by ensuring regular and un interrupted supply of LN2 from the supplier. OMFED is procuring the semen from NDDB/BAIF and LN2 from Bhushan steel,anugru and supplying to the societies which are providing the AI services to their members. Similarly the BAIF is procuring semen from Uruli kanchan for their ceners. 9.3 Distribution of Semen and LN2 : The CDVOs in consultation with the field staff have prepared different route charts and day of supply ofln2 and semen to different centers. Both LN2 and semen is distributed to the feeding centers once in 3 days with some little variation in case of exigencies. Each District is provided with a Max Pick up Van. The person in charge of semen storage/depot at district level is responcible for receipt as well as distribution of semen and LN2 to the feeding centers as per the Route chart prepared and approved for the District. It is heartening to observe that in most of the Districts visited there was no attendant supporting for distribution. In place of tanker,ta 55 containers are taken in the pick up vans to the feeder center, the driver and the in charge of semen bank, who often undertake the distribution pour the LN2 into the container at the center. No proper measurement of the existing stock is made prior to fresh supply. As a result over flow and pilferage do commonly take place. Since there is only one vehicle available at the CDVO office, in case of break down the supply is disrupted. It was given to understand that the CDVO did not have the authority and financial power and budgetary support for such exigency. No proper operational mechanism is in place to ensure supply of semen and LN2 during flood and other natural calamities. The semen straws of different breeds supplied to district semen bank and their subsequent supply to the end users through feeder centers for different years is presented in table 9.1 and district wise details in Annexure 9.1. Table 9.1: Year wise and Breed wise Semen Supplied to AI centers in the state S.No Breed HF Jersey Crossbred Hariana

87 5 Redsindhi Murrah Total The semen distribution figures for 27-8 to , clearly demonstrate that there has been consistent increase in demand for HF/Jersey, Redsindhi and Murrah breeds of semen. There is a good demand for HF semen in Cuttak,Keonjhar, Khurda, Khoraput, Bhadrak, bhargarh and Deogarh districts, while Jersey/CB semen is demanded in all the districts.the indigenous breed bull semen is also in demand in selected districts.in respect of crossbred the demand is hovering around 3 lakh doses only and same is the case with respect to Hariana breed of semen. Total semen doses distributed in 27-8 was which increased to during Ganjam, Rayagada, Sundargarh, Kalahandi, Bolangir, Sambalpur and Baragarh districts have more buffaloes. Mostly in urban and Peri-urban areas Murrah and Graded buffaloes are kept. In such cases limited AI is practiced. For buffalo breed improvement, natural service has been encouraged due to the prevailing practice of buffalo rearing in Odisha, where buffaloes are kept in herds under natural environment. 9.4 Type of records maintained: Semen depots are maintaining the following registers and MIS is sent periodically to SIA. Breed wise semen procurement and supply register Semen stock register LN2 procurement and supply register AI equipment received and supplied AI related activities Male calves purchased register 9.5Constraints and Suggestions: Storage and distribution of semen from District semen depot to the feeder centers and subsequent distribution to the end user has not been with out serious deficiencies. From organizational point of view the serious lapses was observed at the District Head quarter. Though each district has been designated as semen bank, there is no clear cut demarkated building or specified office space with appropriate facility for proper storage of both semen and LN2. Cryo containers containing most valuable semen doses were left in office varenda or at times in open space with out proper guarding arrangement. It is necessary to have an exclusive building or where ever unserviceable building is available, the same is appropriately renovated. Handling of semen and proper record keeping require qualified and well supported workers at place. How ever in all the semen banks visited, a junior technical or even non technical person is assigned this duty. There is serious shortage of proper man power to handle this job. In many districts the same person has been assigned the job of storage, record keeping and distribution. Often there are complaints of discontinuation in the absence of the in charge.

88 In the event of break down of the vehicle or the driver not reporting for duty, the semen supply get disrupted as the CDVO is not having suitable financial or administrative authority to hire a vehicle/ driver for distribution. Suitable financial /administrative powers be given to the CDVO s.

89 CHAPTER-1 LIQUID NITROGEN PRODUCTION, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 1.1 Production/procurement of LN2: The LN2 plants of the DAH are not in proper working condition besides the available man power is both inadequate and lacks the required competency. Therefore, Captive production of Liquid Nitrogen is costly affair. Thus, conscious decision has been taken to purchase the same from outside sources. Liquid Nitrogen is procured from BOC, Jamsedpur at an overall landing cost of Rs 8.5 per liter. No major difficulty have been faced so far. This system of procurement is working well. The estimated total LN2 requirement of the state is around 1 liters. Two Horizontal Road Tankers are used for procurement and transport of LN2 from BOC, Jamshedpur to the focal centres. 1.2 Storage: Liquid Nitrogen brought in road tankers is directly transported to 13 identified focal points located at the District Head Quarters where Vertical Storage Tanks have been established. Since no proper basic physical facilities are created in the district HQ, it was reported that there is significant loss of Liquid Nitrogen. Further it was observed during field study that none of the Districts have seperate store room with adequate space for storage of LN2 containers. Some of the districts, these containers are kept in the verandas of the already crowded office space. Districts opreating as the focal point for both storage and distribution are, 1.Cuttack 2. Banipatna 3. Baleswar 4. Nayagarh 5. Chiplima (Sambalpur) 6. Berhampur (Ganjam ) 7. Mayurbhanja 8. Koraput 9. Keonjhar 1. Balangir 11. Sundergarh 12. Raygada 13. Anugul. 1.3 Present system of LN2 Distribution: Maintenance of cold chain is being taken up promptly by the SIA at Frozen Semen Station and field institutions through uninterrupted supply of Liquid Nitrogen. Khapuria, Cuttack.

90 Arrangements have been made by providing transport vehicles to different districts for intradistrict transportation of LN2.23 such vehicles have been supplied for transportation of various inputs (LN2,semen doses,guns,sheaths,etc) to field AI centers in time. The condition of Liquid Nitrogen containers are being supervised time to time for preservation of semen straws. Containers (Transportation/Storage and Biological) of various capacities were being supplied and replaced time to time, to prevent the cessation of services.the number of various cryocontainers stationed by the department in the field is given in table 1.1. Table 1.1 :Capacity wise total and actual no. of usable containers in the State : Sl. No. Type Number available 1 Jumbo IN TA IX IX YDS Table 1.2: Year wise distribution of LN2 in the State S.no year Estimated requirement of LN2 actually Supplied LN2 (liters) (Liters) From the above table, it is observed that % variation in the estimated requirement and actual supply to the semen banks and AI centers of DAH and Gomitras operating in the state.there is lot of

91 variation in the quantum of LN2 supplied among various districts and is because of variation in the number of AI centers. LN2 distribution ranges from 5335 liters in Deogarh district(3 centers) to liters in Ganjam District(33 Centers). The district wise supply of LN2 for the past 5 years is given in Annexure Problems experienced: The vertical storage tanks provided are non functional as the wastage is reportedly high. Feeder centers carry TA 55 containers in pick up van for delivery of LN2. Frequent loading and unloading cause damage to these field distribution containers. There is no provision for replacement of faulty LN2 containers. The man power for field distribution is extremely deficient. No suitable alternative mechanism in place for distribution of LN2 in case of break down of vehicle. 1.5 Future planning for storage and distribution of LN2: The storage and distribution of LN2 at frozen Semen station and semen bank level will be strengthened. The defective transport/storage containers will be replaced. The GOI is requested to provide assistance for replacement of cryocontainers as there is no provision for replacement of containers under NPCBB. All the districts will be provided with transport vehicles in due course. Presently 23 districts have been supplied with vehicles from SIA. All CDVOs have been requested to assess the annual requirement of LN2 and accordingly place indent to the SIA & FSB.

92 Each district will strictly follow the route chart being prepared by them for distribution of LN2. An annual calendar is to be prepared by the CDVOs for distribution of LN2 and other materials to the field functionaries. The Nodal Officers and the Operators are trained time to time by the SIA for economic use, distribution of LN2 and proper handling of cryocontainers and other inputs.

93 PERFORMANCE OF AI AND NS CENTERS CHAPTER Agency wise Overall performance of AI Centres: The AI work in the state of Odisha is carried out through the DAH institutions all of which have the facility of AI. In addition to that services are also available through milk cooperative societies and private AI workers in the state.from 211 onwards, the services are also provided by BAIF (an NGO) partly in 1 districts through 1 mobile centres and JK Trust is going to set up 7 mobile AI centers in 13 tribal and other districts. The agency wise number of AI centres, Nmber of districts covered and their performance is given in the following paragraphs. Table 11.1 : Agency wise number of AI centres and districts covered S.No. Name of the Agency No. of districts No. of AI centres covered 1 Dept. of Animal Husbandry Dairy Federation Gomitra BAIF 1 1 Total As per the accepted norm of 1 breedable female cattle and buffaloes per centre, Odisha needs about 4528 AI centres. presently there are 61functional centers and another 7 centers of JK Trust is expected to function in the next two years. With these new centers, the average number of breedable animals may be around 7 per center. However, the coverage through all these

94 centers is only 27% of the breedable population in the state and is due to resistance on the part of cattle keepers for AI and also in access to some of the villages. Table 11.2: Agency wise and year wise average number of AI done per center. s.no Agency DAH OMFED Gomitra Overall The average number of AI done per center is around 2 with 5% variation over the years in phase II. Though there is a constant increase in Number of AI done by Gomitra over the years and the average per month is hardly 2.5 AI.Thus, there is a need to incentivise these Gomitras for their sustainability and also for better performance. Table 11.3: Breed wise and Year wisenumber of AI done S. Breed No 1 HF Jersey Crossbred Hariana Red sindhi Murrah Total Of the total number of AI done(table 11.3), the proportion of Pure and CB Jersey AI is about 7% and Indigenous is 27%. The balance 3% is buffalo and pure HF breeds. Table 11.4: Agency wise and year wise proportion of AI done S. no Agency DAH OMFED Gomitra It is observed from the table 11.4, that the proporton of AI done is declining in case of DAH ceters, where as it showed a reverse trend with OMFED and Gomitra centers. One of the reasons is the increase in the number of centers over the years incase of OMFED and Gomitra, while in

95 respect of DAH the number of centers remained more or less same.in absolute terms also there is a decline in the number of AI performed in over There is a need to arrest this trend in the interest of the state. The year wise, district wise and agency wise AI done and follow up are given in Annexure Table 11.5: year wise calves born and Conception rate S Agency no 1 DAH OMFED Gomitra Total calves Born Total AI Done % conception on calf born basis The percent conception on calf born basis is around over the years and it varies from agency to agency. The conception rate is more in case of OMFED and is followed by DAH and then Gomitra Sample AI Centers: The present study made an attempt for close analysis of the working of different categories of AI centers and their performance based on carefully drawn sample population. In all, data has been collected from 65 AI and 9 NS centers. The same has been analyzed and presented below Operational details of AIworker : From stand point of offering AI service to the farmer, AI worker does not refer to LI or Gomitra only. It refers to all categories of technically trained persons who perform AI. The average no of villages covered by one AI center is The average minimum and maximum distance covered by the AI worker has been reported.4 km and 8.67 km. The average no of villages visited per working day is 3-4. However in practical sense there is no holiday for sincere AI worker. On an average they cover about 21km distance. Incidentally except NGO, no other AI worker is provided with Motor cycle and operates on his/her own source. Table 11.6 :Coverage area of sample AI Centers Indicators unit Average number of villages covered by each AI Center Average minimum distance of village from AI Center.4km Average maximum distance of village from AI Center 8.67 km Average number of villages visited/day 3.56 Average distance covered/day 21.18km

96 Breedable population per AI center: The average number of breedable animals of different type includes CB -539, Indigenous cows- 872 and Buffaloes-137 among the sample AI centers. But when it comes to actual number of AI done among different types of animals are concerned, significantly higher percentage of AI was done from CB category. Table 11.7:Breedable Population Average Breedable Population/AI Center Number Crossbred cows 539 Indigenous cows 872 Buffaloes Cadre of personel manning AI center: Thé AI service is provided by différent cadres of persons operating at different institutional hierachy. In the sample population of AI centers, VAS/Add.VAS were manning 5 centers. Veterinary Technician and Live stock Inspectors are the next cadre of professionally trained persons and they manned 9 and 18 centers respectively. One center in charge was Dairy Overseer. Private AI Workers (GOMITRA),who have been specially trained to perform AI are the grass root AI workers, together with them the Secretary of MPCS manned27 and 5 centers respectively. Of the 27 Private AI workers 15 are running gomitra centers from their homes, 5 areengaged by NGO (BAIF) and 7 are engaged at MPCS. Table 11.8 : Details of manpower managing Sample AI Centers Category No. of sample AI Center % VAS/Additional VAS Livestock Inspector Veterinary Technician Dairy Overseer Private AI worker Secretary of MPCS Total Educational status of AI workers : Since AI service was provided by different categories of trained personnel, accordingly there has been wide variation with regard to their qualification. The distribution of AI workers according to their education is presented in the table below.

97 Table 11.9:Educational qualification of incumbent in-charge of sample AI centers Educational Qualification Nos. % MVSc BVSc LI Course Graduate Inter Science th Pass Total Various tranings received by AI worker: Continuous skill improvement of the AI worker is very important to provide better farmer oriented service. Various short duration programmes are provided to them to improve their skills. Since all the 65 are not with same background, different trainings even unrelated to AI alsohave been received. Beside the basic professional training, all the Veterinary Technicians and LIs have received additional AI and AI plus PD training. Various trainingsattended by the respondents are listed in Table Table 11.1: Capacity building training received by incumbent in-charge of sample AI centers Type of training No. of Responses % AI and PD test training AI training ASCAD Training Bird flu training Pathology training Refresher training SMILE training Training of Trevis NPCBB training Microscope training Gomitra training Frozen semen training Fodder training First-Aid training Extension Management training Castration training

98 Equipments and related facilities in AI center : The various facilities avalable in the AI center as reported are listed below. As may be seen Microscope though is most essential to evaluate semen is not available in all the AI centers. Only 53.85%, mostly the Vety. Hospitals and some LI centers were equipped with Microscope, how ever required glassware and reagents were not available in majority of the centers with Microscope. Basic AI équipements like Cryocan,AI Gun, adequate no of Sheaths, and hand Gloves were available at all the AI centers. LN2 storage tank and Frozen Semen Containers were available with52 and 55 centers.gomitra centers get semen and LN2 from the feeder centers. Trevis that is reqiured to control animal while inseminating was in 48 out of 65 centers. Though officialy Mobile Phone and Motor cycle are not provided to AI workers excepting by BAIF, most of the AI workers were having Mobile phones excepting two respondents. The other important facility like Refrigerator was available with 8 centers mostly the Vety Hospitals. First Aid kit is available with56 centers. Table : Equipments/Infrastructure available at AI Centre Type of Equipment/Infrastructure (Working condition) No. of Centers having the infrastructure % to total sample AI Microscope LN2 Storage Tank Frozen Semen Container Cryocan AI Equipment (AI Gun/Sheaths/Glouse etc.) Castrator Health care equipment (First aid kit) Trevis Mobile Phone Refrigerator Motor Cycle/Moped Performance of AI center: The over all average no of AIs done per center under study was 47, of which animals examined are 361. Average number of confirmed Pregnacy per center was266 and actual calf born reported as 216,which means nearly % conception on calf born basis. Besides AI, all the centers undertake vaccination (7494), de worming (44) and No of castrations 115 per year. Although the Gopalmitras are not supposed to give first aid, on demand of the cattle owner and due to lack of adequate no of trained veterinary docters/ vet. Technicians, most of the Gomitra s confirmed that they practice first aid treatment under the guidance of nearby Veterinary doctor or livestock Inspector/ Vet. Technician. The animals treated per AI center is reported as a. Number of AI done : The number of AI performed by the sample centres was 542, 49 and 294 per annum in case of Government, cooperative and private centres. The number of AI

99 done is more in case of cattle compared to buffaloes.the overall number of AI done per centre is around 47 per annum. b. Conception Rate : Considering the number of animals inseminated and number of calves born, the conception rate is worked out and presented in the table The conception rate is 49% in case of Coop centres,46.5% in case of Govt ceners and 4.47 % in case of Private AI workers. The overall performance of state is 46%. c. Number of calves born : The average number of calves born per centre is around 252 in case of government centres, 24 in case of cooperative and 119 in case of Gomitra centers. The number of AI done and calves born during the particular year has less relevance in expressing the real calving percentage. d. Other works attended by the centers : (i) Castration : The average number of animals castrated is more for Government centres compared to others. castrations is carried out by the private AI workers. Incentive may help to reduce the scrub bulls in the area. (ii) Cases treated : The over all average number of cases treated is around 11 per month. In case of cooperatives, it is comparatively low, as they are concentratingmore on AI and moreover, they are supposed to provide only first aid and not other treatment. The number of cases treated by private AI workers is around 55 per month. (iii) Vaccination: The average number of animals vaccinated is 12396, 2753and 365 per annum by the Govt., private and cooperative centres Table 11.12:Comparative performance of AI centers S.No. Service Provided Govt Co-operative Private overall 1 Number of A I done No of animals examined no of animals pregnant No of calves born Conception rate on calf born basis 6 Treatment of animals Vaccination Deworming Castration : Sustainability of Gomitras: The SIA has provided AI training to 18 rural youth in phase I and II for providing services at the door step of farmers. The team interacted with 15 lay Gopalmitra s to study their performance and sustainability. Some of these inseminators have agriculture/dairying activity along with AI work. An attempt has been made to work out the sustainability of these workers

100 basing on the work done, income realized and expenditure incurred on various items. The details are given in Table Table 11.13: Income-Expenditure of Gomitra S.no Particulars Amount (Rs ) As % A Income Income from AI& followup Treatment of Animals Vaccination of Animals De worming Castration Total B Expenditure Purchase of semen doses& LN Building rent Mobile charges Fuel charges Repairs & Maintenance of vehicle Total C Net income per annum 493 D Monthly Net income 48 The information given in the table is based on the averages worked out for sample private AI workers (14 no). As observed from above, the major sources of income for a private AI worker is AI service and treatment of animals. About 51 % of income is from AI and follow up and balance 29 % is due to treatment of animals. The major expenditure items are fuel (57.64 %), Semen doses (25.13%) and repairs& maintenance of vehicle (5.58 %). The average monthly net income works out to Rs 48 and is very meagre. The operations of private AI worker is not viable. As some of these people have their own dairy farms/ agriculture, they are continuing in this activity. Hence, there is a need to provide subsistence allowance as is happening in Andhra pradesh to improve the viability and also to reduce the drop outs.

101 Successful GOMITRA-Case Study Mr Bibhuti Bhusan Tripathy son of Shri Gandharb Tripathy of Village Oshakana, Naugaon block of District Jagatsingpur is a successful Gomitra. Mr Bibhuti aged 35 is a science graduate with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics and passed B Sc in the year He had worked as untrained science teacher in private Saraswati Shisu Mandir in Kakatpur at consolidated salary of Rs 5/. When he found after 1 years service that there was no carrier, he resigned the service. As a child he was fond of cattle care and his family was always keeping some dairy cattle. With science back ground, as hobby he was giving first aid service to cattle in his village in consultation with livestock Inspector of Dhenki LI Center and VAS of Kakatapur. Implementation of GOMITRA scheme by Govt. of Odisha caught his imagination and he underwent GOMITRA training in 27. Since then he is working as a Gomitra. He has a good collection of literature on livestock care and management. All the study materials provided in various trainings subsequently attended by him are carefully bound. He constantly keep himself in touch with his training teachers and the local VAS of both Naugaon and Kakatpur for their guidance. He admitted that though AI is his primary job, he is fully engaged in providing veterinary first aid also which gives him livelihood and satisfaction. Mr Bibhuti collects his requirement of LN2 and semen straw from Dhenki Livestock Inspector Center, 3 km from his village on regular intervals. His operational area covers three major revenue villages namely Oshakana, Bhatana and Nuasingada in a radious of about 4 kms. Monthly he performs over 9 to 1 AIs including repeat cases. How ever for record purpose, he register only 25 to 3 cases in his Gomitra center and balance in name of LI center Dhenki, Veterinary hospital Naugaon and Kakatpur from whom he collects semen straws. This arrangement saves him Rs 1/ for each AI. As per rule he has to deposit Rs 2 towards the cost of semen straw when it is registered on his name as Gomitra. If it is shown on name of stationary AI center the charge is only Rs 1. and he saves Rs 1. on each AI case that he register in the name of any one of the stationary center and wins their good will and favours as it become a win-win situation for both. He normally charges Rs 4 to Rs 5 for each door step AI. Hence from AI alone he makes about Rs 3 to Rs 4 a month. His major earning is from providing veterinary first aid and treatment which goes beyond Rs 7 to Rs 8 a month. Thus presently he earns Rs 12/ to Rs 13/ a month, which is a respectable earning by remaining at home. Today, his is a house hold name in villages in 5 Km radious. Besides, he also keeps two HF cows -one was in milk on the day of visit giving 1 to 12 liters a day and the other cow was in advanced pregnancy. Mr Bibhuti is a contended man whose life purpose is to provide AI being a GOMITRA

102 11.3 CONSTRAINTS : The problems experienced by the AI workers irrespective of their status are presented in figure i. Veterinary service and AI requires the incharge to be available all 24 hours and 365 days. This requirethe AI worker io stay at the center. How ever, there are no housing facilities in majority cases(75%). Though the Vety. Hospitals, Dispensaries and some of the very old LI centers are provided with official quarters, how ever in good number of cases these so called official residences are not in habitable condition. ii. Lack of Building for AI center in respect of 45% of centers. iii. In majority of the Govt centers,they are not having supporting staff(attendants) iv. Though most of the centers are called mobile by providing 3 liter container, the AI worker is not provided with any vehicle for mobility and also no reimbursement of petrol expenses in case of own vehicle. DR. MAHAPATRA -WORKER EVEN IN CRISIS The classic example was the official residence of the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon of Rajnagar Veterinary Dispensary. On the day of visit ( 6 th July 11), I was astonished and surprised to observe that official quarter of the VAS was totally inhabitable as the roof was leaking all over, and yet the VAS Dr Sumant Kumar Mahapatra with his wife were still present at Veterinary Center as if he was defending a forward post as an Army Commander. They had spent the previous night in the Hospital. The Doctor was ready to accompany the buffalo bull hosts farmers for my field visit. During the visit the Doctor was explaining as to how he has developed expertise in crocodile medicine and surgery as his area of operation covered BHITAR KANIKA. He was frequently called by the forest department to conduct post mortem and treatment of crocodile which never was part of course in Graduate programme. I was pleased and over joyed to observe his spirit and commitment. I could only realize his precarious living and work environment condition when we sat down at his hospital room for summing up. When I brought up the issue of how he is still able to concentrate on work, he had only a dry silent smile and no complaint, as he very well knew that I had no authority to do any thing in this regard. It is for such committed veterinarian that despite several organizational and work environment deficiencies the livestock farmers still receive the veterinary service. Dr Mahapatra was not the only exception I could meet several such committed veterinary professional during the field work. Neglect to the housing and career growth is serious problem faced in department.

103 Problems faced in providing services Lack of residential quarter Competition from Private AI workers Lack of building of AI center Lack of water Lack of electricity Lack of supporting staff 43.8 Lack of M obility support % responses 11.4 District wise and year wise number of bulls supplied for NS: Presently natural service is practiced only in case of buffaloes. In case of cattle, natural service is discouraged. However looking in to the poor performance of AI in certain tribal pockets and areas with poor transport connectivity it may be desirable to provide half bred cross or established Indian breeds like Red Sindhi or Hariana as per the preference of the local people.the bulls have been procured by the Utkal Gomangal Samithi from their native tracts basing on their pedigree performance. In all, 115 Murrah buffalo bulls have been supplied to the following districts for establishment of Natural Breeding centers. Table 11.4: District wise number of bulls supplied for NS service S.no Name of District Number of NS Bull centers Total 1 Jagatsighpur Jaipur Puri Keonjhar Kendrapara Cuttack Nayagarh Total

104 Practice of bull host concept The Concept of bull host to maintain bull for natural mating of all the breedable animals owned by members of the breeders association sounds excellent. Elaborate process have been laid down and meticulously followed on paper. However in actual operation there exist no record of such breeder association, leave aside the practice of keeping record of detailed mating. The buffalo owners when asked about such body express their ignorance. The bull host on enquiry said that he did not receive any financial support from either the Govt. Agency or by the fellow buffalo owners. The host maintains the bull as his personal animal. How ever, he did allow the bull for mating when ever any buffalo in heat was brought to him. He did not charge for the mating. Successful Natural Service bull host-a case study Mr Ganeswar Palli of village Balarampur in Rajnagar block/veterinary Dispensary is a bull host for last 5 years. He maintains buffalo bull no PB474, supplied to him from Utkal Gomangal Samiti on 2 th March 26 as a bull calf aged 2 years. Though he was informed that he will receive a nominal amount of Rs 1/ per month, he never got that for last 5 years. He was also told that he could charge Rs 5/ for every mating. But no other farmers were informed and they argued since the bull is supplied by Govt. they need not pay any charge. Our bull in question had served nearly 65 animals last year as per the oral record of Ganeswar. How ever as the bull mix with other herds no one really know as to how many matings really happened. Mr Ganeswar maintains a herd of 4 buffaloes, 21 adults and 19 heifers. On the day of visit 6 th July 211, six of 21 adult were in milk and 15 were pregnant. There was no bull calf in the heard. It was told that Buffalo bull calf aged one to one and half years age fetches Rs 4/ to Rs 5/ depending on the health status for meat from traders of Calcutta. Buffalo milk sold at Rs25/ a liter in the market. There is good demand for buffalo milk by the Sweet shop owners. Other than him 15 other house holds also keep buffaloes. The total breedable buffaloes in the village numbers 26. They were kept as loose herds of 5 to 6 animals. Each herd normally had a bull of their own, which they exchange..

105 CHAPTER 12 Training Infrastructure and Programs Organized Professional competency is core to success of any Organisation. Continuous training for skill up gradation and cultivation of proper mindset to carry on new set of jobs and managerial skill development at all levels of the organisation is therefore an important component of organizational renewal. Animal Resource Development Department over period of time organized series of professional trainings in the state at different locations to meet the needs of various functionaries at different level of hierarchy. Accordingly, three tier training institutional arrangement has been made. 1. Veterinary Officers Training Institute (VOTI) as the apex training center of in service learning located at Bhubaneswar. Besides VOTI the other three training centers that function as central specilised subject area are (i) Frozen Semen & AI Training Institute,Khapuria, Cuttack, (ii) Animal Disease Research Institute (ADRI),Phulnakara,Cuttak and (iii) Fodder Training Institute Pipili, Puri. 2 At the second tire there are three Regional training centers for training of primarily Livestock Inspector/ Veterinary Technician for both pre service and in service training. These are (i) AHD STI &ETC, Bhanjanagar, Ganjam, (ii) LITC, Balangir and (iii) LITC, Chiplima (Sambalpur) These three centers also offers both pre service and in service training for GOMITRAS.

106 3.At the Grassroot, District training facility has been created in 12 Districts for training of GOMITRAS Training center wise infrastructure and faculty position : The details of Infrastructure and faculty positions in these Institutes are given below. Sl. Name and address of the No. Institute 1. Veterinary Officers Training Institute, (VOTI) Laxmisagar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa Ph: Frozen Semen & Artificial Insemination Training Institute, Khapuria, Cuttack, Orissa Ph: AHD STI & ETC, Bhanjanagar, Dist Ganjam Orissa Ph: Livestock Inspector Training Centre (LITC), Bolangir Dist. Bolangir, Orissa Ph : Infrastructure available One conference hall suitable for 3 participants 2 lecture theatre with capacity of max 25 participants One library room 12 double bedded well furnished rooms with attached bathrooms Dining space suitable for 3 35 participants One conference hall suitable for 5 participants One library room 1 four bedded well furnished rooms Dining space suitable for 5 participants One conference hall suitable for 1 participants One library room 8 bedded hostel for gents 4 bedded hostel for ladies 2 bedded hostel for in - service staff Dining space & kitchen suitable for trainees One conference hall suitable for 1 participants One library room 6 bedded hostel for gents 4 bedded hostel for ladies Dining space & kitchen Faculty available/ Resource persons 1 Principal 3 lecturers 1 Instructor Administrative & support staff One Asst Director Training Managed by resource pool of FSB 1 Officer in charge 1 Instructor Administrative & support staff 1 Officer in charge 1 Instructor Administrative & support staff

107 5. Livestock Inspector Training Centre (LITC), Chipilima Dist Sambalpur,, Orissa Ph : (JD) 6. Animal Disease Research Institute (ADRI) Phulnakhara, Cuttack Ph: Fodder Training Centre, Pipili, Puri suitable for trainees One conference hall suitable for 1 participants One library room 6 bedded hostel for gents 4 bedded hostel for ladies Dining space & kitchen suitable for trainees One training hall One dormitory for 15 participants One dormitory cum training hall for 2 participants Managed by deployed staff working under JD, Chipilima Managed by PD, ADRI & available officers SAFDO FMD Farmer 12.2Training programs offered: The institutes under AHD have the potential to organize the following training programmes for its clients. Besides this need based, tailor made courses for its clients are also be offered.. 1. Human resource management 2. Training of trainers 3. Community institution development for extension 4. Principles of extension and communication 5. Project planning 6. Livestock and environment interaction 7. Sustainable rural development: concepts and issues 8. Project implementation, monitoring and evaluation 9. Communication skills 1. Extension management 11. Wild life mangement 12. Animal health 13. Feed and fodder 14. Entrepreneurs development 15. Managing extension programme 16. Reproductive disorder and its control Note:Details of each training programme its aim, objectives, participants, course contents, methodology, duration etc. are available in the concerned Training Centre.

108 12.3 Programme title and target trainees : Sl Name of the No. Institute 1. VOTI, Bhubaneswar Type of courses offered Extension & Communication Extension Management Human Resource Management Training of Trainers Animal health Feed & fodder Communication skills Fertility Management Induction training Community institution development Entrepreneurship Development Livestock & Environment Interaction Accounts & Administration Categories of staff addressed Chief District Veterinary Officer s SDVO s Veterinary officers (field veterinarians) Fodder personnel's of the department. 2. FS AI Training Institute, Cuttack Refresher Training on Artificial Insemination & Reproductive problems Fertility Management Basic FSAI Training 3. LITC s Advanced training in veterinary first aid AI of large animals & Dairy development Management of small ruminants and poultry Refresher training for paravets One year basic LI programme 4 ADRI, Phulnakhara 5 Fodder Training Centre, Pipili 6 District Training Centre (12 nos functioning) Disease Diagnosis & Surveillance Clinical Pathology Control of Animal Diseases Fertility Management Fodder technology & utilization Farming system Gomitra Training Farmer Training Refresher Training for Gomitras Field veterinary officers Livestock Inspectors Livestock Inspector (In service) Basic training for new Livestock inspectors Farmers Go-mitra training Cluster Link Worker training VAS Livestock Inspector SAFDO FMD Farmer Farmer, Gomitra LI/VT

109 Under the Central assistance, AHD Orissa has organized training under ASCAD and NPCBB programme for field Veterinarians and Para vets during last 7 years sponsored by GOI 12.4Training Programmes organized at VOTI : The year wise various programs organized and number of participants at VOTI are presented below Sl. Name of the Training No. of training No. of Participants No Programme Programme Organized Attended Training of Trainers (TOT) Off Campus Training in collaboration with EEI, Hyderabad Internship Training Human Resource Management Health Care of Wildlife Livestock Diseases & its Control (ASCAD) Principles & Practices of Management Entrepreneurship Development Accounts & Administration Extension Management Small Animal Management and Social Mobilization Induction Training for newly recruited VAS Refresher Training of Existing A.I. Workers (NPCBB) Market Led Extension TOTAL

110 12.5 Frozen Semen AI Training Institute, Cuttack : From 27-8 to , the centre has trained 243 officers and 1512 Para Vets (Gomitras) by organizing various refresher training at total cost of Rs.21,24,15/- from NPCBB Fund. Year Refresher Training Expenditure No. Vets No. Para Vets nil nil nil nil nil Total ,24, Dairy Federation Training Centre, Jagannathpur, Khurda district: The institute was set up in 1982 in 74 acres of land, with the funds from NDDB under OF programme and now it is maintained by the OMFED.The institute has 35 acres of land under irrigation for fodder cultivation, 27 acres under silvipasture, and 3 acres under teak plantation. Adequate fodder is produced round the year for the dairy animals maintained there. Fodder seeds and slips are produced for selling to farmers. Fodder demonstration plots are developed Class Rooms and Hostel : The training centre has four class rooms of 6 sft. each with a total capacity to train 15 participants. The area of office room is 2 sft. and faculty room is of 28 sft. for 1 faculty members. There is also a library. The institute has four dormitories for accommodating 6 participants. There is a conference hall with capacity for 5 participants. Separate hostels for ladies and gents are constructed. There is a common room with TV. Kitchen with dining hall is available for the trainees. There are quarters for 1 staff members Equipments: The training institute has TV, overhead projector and a slide projector. The classrooms and the office rooms are fully equipped with required furnitures Faculty: The institute has 7 regular faculty members including the Principal who is a veterinarian with 21 years of teaching experience. One of the faculty members is an MBA with 21 years of teaching experience. The guest faculties are normally drawn from OMFED, Animal Husbandry Department, Veterinary college and Cooperative Departments to handle the sessions on extension, rearing of dairy animals, fodder production and management of dairy societies.

111 12.6.4Programs organized :The Centre is organizing 11 types of programs which are as under: S.NO Name of the program Duration (Days) 1 Society management 3 2 Artificial insemination 4 to 9 3 Veterinary first aid 15 4 Dairy animal management 5 5 Milk testing 5 6 Fodder development 5 7 Management committee orientation programme 3 8 Refresher course on society management 6 9 Refresher course on artificial insemination 6 1 Refresher course on veterinary first aid 3 11 Refresher course for P&T staff 3 These training programs are designed by NDDB.

112 CHAPTER-13 Impact of NPCBB Program The test of the success and or the actual progress of the programme is how the beneficiaries favorably respond to different aspects of programme implementation. So keeping this in view, the present study attempted to directly meet the program beneficiaries to obtain their response on predesigned and tested schedule Basic features of Sample Beneficiaries: Social groups: The dairy cattle owners were mostly from the back ward caste category. They alone constituted percent of the total respondents. Incidentally GAUDA (Goala) the traditional cattle keepers are BC in the state. This is followed by other Caste categories that constitute mostly Brahmin, kshatrias and Kayasthas. Together they constitute percent. SC and ST categories were 4.1 and 1.91 percent respectively. Minority constituted only.55 percent of the total respondents. Table: Distribution of sample farmers according to social Group Social Composition of Sample Farmers % to sample farmers OC BC SC ST Minority Social Groups

113 Age distribution: Age distribution of the sample farmers indicated that most of the program beneficiaries were within 31 to 5 years age group. Livestock and dairy being labor intensive, it argues well the logic. It is interesting to note that dairy continues to be a passion even with the Senior Citizen above 6 years of age. Table 13.2Age group wise distribution of sample farmers Age group No. of sample farmers Percentage above Total Source: Data collected from sample farmers Educational background : As regards the educational background of the beneficiaries are concerned, majority i.e percent of them had Primary level of education. This is followed by percent respondents who have secondary level education. Thus, logically most of the dairy cattle owners possessed adequate functional education to conduct their business. Only 12.2 percent cattle owners were observed to be illiterate. Table Educational background of sample farmers Educational status No. of sample farmers Percentage Illiterate Primary Secondary Graduate& above Total Source: Data collected from sample farmers Primary occupation status: Dairy/ Cattle rearing did not constitute as the primary livelihood activity of the respodents. Large majority of them ie 78.96percent of the Dairy farmers were from the Agriculture and allied activity. Small localized trade and small business categories constitute 8.47 percent. Service and labour categories were 4.64 and 2.19 percent respectively.

114 Table13.4:Occupational status of sample farmers Occupation No. of sample farmers Percentage Agriculture & allied activities Service Trade/Business Labour Others Total Source: Data collected from sample farmers Milch animals owned : As regards the size of the cattle holding is concerned nearly 2/3 rd of the respondents were keeping dairy cattle unit of 1 to 3 animals. With in this category people relatively more ie % were keeping 3 animals. The farmers keeping one, two and four units of cattle were 2.77, 15.3 and19.13 % respectively. About 16% of the beneficiaries have 5 and more number of animals and of this, only 2.73 % respondents were having 1 or more animals per household. During the field visits various, respondents have expressed that they have been cautiously reducing their cattle number in favour of better quality of dairy animals with high milk yield potential. Definitely it is a desirable trend, considering the availability of cattle feed and fodder. How ever the other two factors mentioned were that the younger generation are no more interested in cattle keeping as it demands more of physical labour in addition to the job is seen as dirty as one has to handle the dung and urine disposal personally. Table 13.5 :Distribution of farmers as per number of milch animals owned Size of Holding (No. of milch animals owned) No. of farmers % and above Total Source: Data collected from sample farmers

115 Fig 13.2: Dairy farm of a Farmer Breed wise milch animal holding in samlpe population: The breed wise distribution of animals among the total sample population of 366 dairy farmers is presented here. The total number of dairy animals in possession is128, of this CB population comprises 656, which is above 5% of the total cattle population in respondent group. Non descriptive cattle and local buffalo population was reported as 23.5 and percent respectively. Pure Murrah or graded buffaloes were 48 in number ie 3.75 % of the total cattle and buffalo population with the programme beneficiaries. Fig 13.3:Breed wise Livestock holding size-milch animals

116 Average no. of milch animals owned by sample famers ND cows CB cows Local Buffalo Murrah/GM Buffalo Type of millch animals Total Breed wise livestock holding: Besides adult cattle population of 3.5 per household, the heifer and calves population is 1.63 and 3.94 (both male and female calves) respectively. This argues well from stand point off regular replacement of the stock from own source to continue in occupation. Table 13.6 : Breed wise size of Livestock holding (including youngstock) per household (No.) Total ND CB Buffaloes Type of animal No. Avg No. Avg No. Avg No. Avg Adults Heifers Calves Total Source: Data collected from sample farmers 13.2 Reproductive parameters of population: The overall objective of NPCBB is to improve cattle wealth for economic betterment of the programme beneficiaries. Since the programme is in operation for over 8 years, it is hoped that its impact is reflected on the status of reproductive performance of the animals in possession by the beneficiaries Age at maturity: The age at maturity of CB Cows is reported months as compaired to months for the indigenous animals. This is and months for graded and local buffaloes. This dose not give a better position in ideal management condition.

117 Age at first calving: The other important parameter is the age at first calving. As the maturity get delayed due to poor nutrition,consequently the age at first calving get delayed. The average age of first calving for CB is month as against months for local and indigenous cattle. Age at first calving of the local buffaloes is marginally better than the graded buffaloes No of services per pregnancy: Rage number of AIs per confirmed pregnancy in case of CB is 1.33 compared to1.22 in case of indigenous cattle. In respect of both local and Graded buffaloes the cattle keepers were mostly fallowing Natural service to AI. Table 13.7 : Age at Maturity, First Calving and number of services per animal Breed/Species Average Age at Maturity (months) Average Age at First Calving (months) pregnancy CB cows Indigenous Cows Graded Buffaloes Local Buffaloes Source: Data collected from sample farmers Average Avg. No. of AI/ Services per Animal for 13.9productivity parameters: The different parameters to indicate the performance of the dairy cattle with program beneficiaries under report are Lactation length, Dry period, Inter calving period, Wet average milk yield per day and Herd average milk yield per day. As regards the lactation length is concerned, it is observed that difference in duration of lactation length varies marginally with in same species of animals. Between the cattle of CB and ND cows the difference is of 11 days only. ND cows have marginally longer lactation days compared to CB cows. Lactation length of Graded buffaloes was reported 265 days compared to 278 days for the local buffalo. As regards dry period is concerned, it was minimum in case of CB cattle and maximum ie 119 days for the ND cows. Graded buffalo and Local buffalo have dry period of 13 and 114 days as reported by the farmers. The daily milk yields are more in respect of CB Cows and Graded buffaloes.

118 Table 13.8: Productivity parameters in cattle and buffaloes for sample farmers Breed/species Inter Lactation Dry Wet average Herd average calving length period Milk yield Milk yield period (days) (days ) (lit/day) (lit/day) (days) ND cows CB cows Local buffaloes Graded Buffaloes Source: Data collected from sample farmers for the animals maintained Fig 13.4: AI Calf 13.1 Farmers feed back on breeding facilities: Under NPCBB maximum emphasis has been given to quality breeding facility whether AI or Natural service for buffaloes. The respondents were asked to give multiple response on the 4 different major parameters of the breeding service extended to farmers. Under the programme farmers have got timely and quality service as reported by 177 farmers. Next to this was Door step AI service and Better service access. AI charge of Rs 2 for door service and Rs 1 for institution base service is reasonable as reported by only 96 respondents.

119 Table 13.9: Feedback/opinion of farmers on breeding facilities availed Sl. No Feed back/opinion No. of respondents % 1 Door step service Timely & quality service Better access to service Cost of service is reasonable Total No. of sample farmers 366 Multiple Responses, hence responses are not additive Source: Data collected and analyzed for sample farmers Fig 13.5: Farmer s Fodder Farm

120 13.11 Farmers knowledge (awareness) service provided: Various services are provided to farmers under the cattle development programme. How ever the question is are the farmers aware of what services they can obtain under this programme? This aspect has been enquired. The basic minimum service provided to the farmers is AI and its follow up including pregnancy diagnosis, farmers training, Calf deworming, Vaccination, Castration, Veterinary First Aid service, Fertility camps, Supply of inputs, and such other services required by farmer in relation to Livestock development. It is surprising to note that though AI is the main thrust of the program, the farmers awareness and concern were mostly around basic veterinary service such as vaccination, deworming, First Aid and Castration. Farmers awareness of these service was confirmed by 97.26, 96.72, and percent respondents. AI and its follow up was confirmed by 64.2 %. Its related activity fertility camps and supply of inputs were confirmed by only and 3.87 percent respondents. Farmers training though low priority by the organization came before awareness of even the fertility camps. This adequately speaks for more aggressive extension education campaign. At the same, the authorities must appreciate the need to allow the AI workers to practice in providing the basic veterinary service. Charging from AI service alone can never provide for adequate income to self employment of AI workers as claimed in the program. Table 13.1 :Knowledge of Farmers regarding services provided by AI/NS centre Sl. No. Type of service provided % YES 1 AI & follow up Training Deworming Vaccination Castration First aid Fertility camps Supply of Inputs Others, if any.54 Multiple Responses, hence responses are not additive Source: Data collected and analyzed for sample farmers Other services requred by farmers: The farmers response regarding what other service are required by them, list out 7 other services such as loan facilities to purchase animals, Hike of Milk Procurement rate by Milk Union, Subsidized supply of concentrated feed mix, mineral mix, & medicines, Promotion of fodder cultivation, Free medicine, Training on improved Livestock rearing and Provision for Insurance in desending order of priority.

121 Table : Additional services demanded by Farmers Sl. No. of farmers Additional services demanded No. responded % 1 Hike in Milk Procurement rate by Milk Union Loan facility to purchase animals Free Medicines Provision of Insurance Promotion of fodder cultivation Training on improved livestock rearing Subsidized supply of concentrated feed, medicines & mineral mixtures Multiple Responses, hence responses are not additive Source: Data collected from sample farmers Farmers suggestion: Major suggestions by farmers to improve the effectiveness in implementation of the programme includes (i) Up gradation of infrastructure in LI Center. Construction of building and staff residence quarter in LI center, Supply of Motor bikes to AI workers, Provision of more man power in LI center, (LI center used to have two people LI and Attendant, in most cases the position of attendant is vacant added to this the conversion of all LI centers as mobile with out additional staff) and opening of more LI centers are suggestions in descending order of priority. Table 13.12: Suggestion of Farmers to improve the effectiveness of Implementation Sl. No. of farmers Suggestion No. responded % 1 More staff in LI Center Up gradation of infrastructure in LI center Supply of bikes to Livestock inspectors Construction of Building and staff residential quarter in LI Centers Opening of LI centers in each Gram Panchayat Multiple Responses, hence responses are not additive Source: Data collected from sample farmers Employment generation: Employment creation and improving the economic condition are the twin most important parameters of any development programme. The present programme (NPCBB) is no exception. Rather its primary objective isto improve the economic condition of the rural people through dairy cattle intervention. As has been explained earlier, for almost all the respondents (with the exception of 7 GOPALS who kept larger herd size of buffaloes as their main occupation), dairy

122 cattle keeping is a supplementary source of income to the house. Thus creation of additional hours of job to absorb the idle time of the farmers house hold is a big step in employment creation in rural area. Out of 366 sample population 348 ie over 95% agreed that by adopting improved management practice and in relatively more commercial line they were required to put extra hours of labor, while only 18 respondents did not agree. i.do you think that by adopting the improved dairy keeping (CB/Graded animals)you are required to do extra work (Yes/No) Response No. of sample farmers % Yes No Total ii.on further enquiry it is established that moving out from keeping local cattle to CB or Graded cattle required 1 to 2 hours of extra labor, reported by 54.31% respondents. Above two hours work was reported by 27.3per cent and extra less than one hour by only 18.39% respondent. If yes, approximately, what extra hour of work/day? (Less than 1 hour=1, Between 1 to 2 hours=2, Above 2 hours=3 Response No. of sample farmers % Less than 1 hour Between 1 to 2 hours Above 2 hours Total Additional income from dairy practice: Logically additional labour shoud also generate additional income to the cattle keepers. How ever it is not always same to all people. In case of dairy even though 37 respondents had agreed that there was extra work, it necessarily did not add to their income while 348 respondents agreed that they had to put extra hours of labor, corresponding to this only 311 respondents reported making extra income. Fifty five respondents did not agree to have made extra income. Do you agree that since you have adopted improved dairy practice, your overall income from dairy has increased? (Yes/No) Response No. of sample farmers % Yes No Total

123 From among the 311 respondents who confirmed to have made extra income by following better dairy practice, primarily by keeping CB or Graded animals high milk yield potential. This adequately prove as to how breed improvement is single most important factor in dairy development. Majority of the farmers 148 of 311 reported to have made more than Rs 5 per year from dairy. Eightyone and 77 farmers reported to have made between Rs 31 to Rs 5 and Rs 1 to Rs 3 respectively. Only 1.61 percent ie 5 of 311 farmers made only less than Rs 1 extra income. This observation more than adequately establish the important role that dairy could play in pushing marginally below poverty group out of poverty trap. Approximate Extra Income (Rs.) Less than Rs. 1=1, 1 to 3=2, 31 to 5=3, Above 5=4) Response No. of sample farmers % Less than Rs to to Above Total

124 CHAPTER-14 INTEGRATION OF THE PROJECT WITH OTHER SCHEMES FOR FUNDING 14.1 OLRDS has integrated this programme with the schemes of other departments and availing funds for various components. The major departments extended the support for different components of the programme are i. Rashtriya krishi vikas yojana of Dept of Agriculture, Government of India ii. Tribal Development department of Government of India iii. Cattle insurance scheme of DAHD&F,MOA, Government of India iv. Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) of NABARD v. National Dairy Plan (NDP) vi. Integrated Livestock Development program(ildp) The details of assistance received from different agencies in terms of physical and financial program are summarised below. 14.2:Rashtriya krishi vikas yojana(rkvy): Genetic upgradation and Female crossbred calf rearing: The state Government is implementing the programme, Genetic up gradation of cattle and female cross bred calf rearing with financial support of centrally funded programme RKVY. A total budget of Rs 2211 Lakh have been provided. The salient features of the programme are, i) The programme is implemented only in the areas covered by MPCS operating under the umbrella of OMFED. To avail the benefit one must be the member of a PMCS. In case of non members, they shall be assisted to purchase Dairy cattle and must under sign agreement to supply milk to the MPCS to qualify for availing the benefit under the program. ii) Since the objective is breed improvement through cross breeding with exotic breeds, all the CB female calves born out of Desi / non descript cattle shall be covered with out any restriction on the no of calves from a single family. How ever in case of CB calves born out of existing CB cow only one female calf per family shall be assisted. Priority shall be given to BPL family, SC, ST and other under privileged households. i) Minimum age of the calf should be below 4 months. Assistance is provided up to the age of 24 months of the calf. The maximum amount of subsidy is limited to Rs 815/ per calf.

125 ii) iii) The scheme is implemented by Milk Producer Co operative Society (MPCS) in association of the local functionary of the AH & Vety. Department. A committee consist of members of management committee of each MPCS and local Livestock Inspector having jurisdiction in the area covered by MPCS will select the program beneficiary. This has to be approved by the appropriate District level committee. Concerned VAS/AVAS shall be supplied with the list of all such calves with detail information so that they shall be responsible to provide preventive health care facility like deworming, vaccination, etc on priority. They will follow periodic health check up and report to CDVO Health camp in dairy intensive village: The response of Dairy farmers to Artificial Insemination (AI) in intensive zone is very high. However, with the increase in AI activity there is an increased emergence of some of its associated problems. Repeat breeding in dairy cattle is one of the major problems. Therefore, it is proposed to organize two infertility treatment camps in each GP of intensive zone. There are about 17 GPs which are coming under intensive zone of the State. Moreover, in order to attract the farmers towards this activity, an advanced reproductive technology-controlled Breeding can be implemented in certain areas with specific objective of timely insemination and thereby expecting a reasonable success i.e. calf born. In elite coastal districts the same can be implemented to make farmers aware on fertility management practices. It is proposed to take-up controlled breeding at 3 locations in a Block with 4 to 5 cyclic cows per location per year. Free animal health camps are proposed to be conducted by the Department of Animal Husbandry in the 17 dairy intensive Gram panchayats. Anestrous & Repeat Breeding animals can get treatment which will result in saving valuable animals from untimely culling and also to increase in milk production.the following is the plan of action to hold Animal Health Camps. The camp will be held for 1 day. It will start by 7 AM and close at 2 PM The venue should be selected so that it is in the central location to get cases from 3-4 villages in order to provide facilities of clinical examination, pathological tests, etc. The venue should be centrally located and easily accessible to the general public. Selection of venue should be done in consultation with the local GP sarpanch and SDVO. The monthly calendar will be prepared in advance. The camp will provide health care services along with awareness and information at the doorsteps of the people for promoting preventive, curative veterinary services. Special focus would be on reducing infertility problems in dairy cows and to induce heat through controlled breeding programme. Records will be maintained and activity report will be sent to different quarters regularly.

126 The break up of the budget is as under. Sl. No. Activity 1. Organization of 2 infertility treatment camps every year in each GP coming under intensive pockets of the Rs 5/- per camp in 17 intensive GPs. 2. Luteolytic hormone 3. Hired vehicle for movement 4. Miscellaneous Expenditure (Rs. In lakh) 1 st year 2 nd year 3 rd year Total Assistance for farmers to take up Integrated fodder production: Under the programme, they assisted the identified farmers by providing fodder minikits and fertilizers(dap,mop,urea) in about 21 districts of the state so that they can grow fodder and feed the animals for better production INTEGRATED LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT CENTERS BY JK TRUST: Within the centrally funded tribal development project, the JK TRUST have been engaged by the Government to provide AI service and veterinary first aid service to the tribal livestock owner at their door step to improve their socio economic condition through livestock intervention. The project covers the tribal areas of the state in 4 different identical projects to cover 13 districts i) 185 centers in Sundergarh, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar, Bouda, and Baleswar. ii) 195 centers in Kalahandi, Ganjam, and Raygad, iii) 24 centers in Koraput, Malkangir, and Nawrangpur, iv) 15 centers in Bargarh and Nuapada.The first batch of operators is trained in AI service and they are being posted to the identified centers LIVESTOCK INSURANCE SCHEME: The Livestock Insurance Scheme of Govt. of India was introduced in Odisha state on pilot basis, in Cuttack and Jagatsinghpur district, during the year-26-7and 27-8.Further during the year 28-9, the scheme was implemented in the other two districts i.e. Puri and Sambalpur. Based on the success, Govt. of India has introduced a full fledged scheme in 9 selected districts namely (Cuttack, Khurda, Jagatsingpur, Keonjhar,Bargarh,Puri, Sambalpur, Kendrapada, and Mayurbhanja) during The New India Assurance Company Ltd. has been selected by tender process and signed the MOU on to take up Livestock Insurance Scheme for the year , in the above 9 selected districts.the rate of premium is 2.25% for one year policy and 4.8% for three year

127 policy. The animals covered areindigenous/cross bred Milch Cattle and Buffaloes both in milk and dry as well as pregnant animals, which have already calved once. Benefit of subsidy is to be restricted to two animals per beneficiary per household. The valuation of the animal to be insured ranges between Rs only. The targeted no of animals to be covered under Livestock Insurance Scheme is 3 and Govt. of Indiahas sanctioned an amount of Rs1 lakh for the year towards the premium NABARD RIDF assisted programmes : The state is also getting funding support from NABARD under its Rural Infrastructure Development Fund. It has already got sanction of Rs lakh for Good Management Practice Laboratory set up at OBPI, Bhubaneswar. Other major projects under active consideration are i) Referral Laboratory at ADRI, Phulnakhara Rs 648. lakh, ii) Embryo Transfer Technology Lab Rs147. lakh iii) Fodder Development at Chiplima Farm Rs lakh and iv) New Semen Station at Chiplima, Sambalpur at a cost of Rs1399. lakh Odisha Dairy Development Project : This is a major project under finalization to under take dairy development activities in the state with central funding under the over all supervision and guidance of NDDB. The nodal implementing institution in the state is OMFED. OLRDS is closely associated with OMFED at state level implementation Integrated Livestock Development Programme (ILDP)-Kalyani : This programme is to implement through BAIF, an NGO based at urlikanchan with the financial assistance under state funds.the salient features of the Programme are: State-of-the-art technology for production of high quality frozen semen; Efficient breeding services at the doorsteps of farmers; Cluster approach to cover the block of villages to create greater impact; Close follow-up, technical guidance and monitoring; Conservation of native breeds and crossbreeding with non-descript animals; Integration of breeding with training, fodder development and health care; Support services like vaccination and nutritional advice; Use of trained local youth to take over the operation in due course; Targeting of the underprivileged and sensitivity to social and gender issues. i. Project objectives The overall objective of the programme is to provide gainful self-employment to the rural livestock keepers through dairy and livestock development programmes. The specific objectives are: 1. Creation of awareness among farmers, about the socio-economic benefits of improving the local cattle and buffaloes;

128 2. Production of improved cattle and buffaloes out of the local non-descript low productive animals; 3. Generation of employment & income for rural families through milk& Meat production and its marketing; 4. Promotion of nutritional security, through enhanced supply of milk and meat ii. Main components a.cattle Development Program:To provide breeding facilities at the doorstep of farmers to breed the local cows, using superior dairy breeds like Jersey, Holstein Friesian & its crosses, subsequent follow-up and input support (mineral mixture, de-wormers, etc) services from conception till the female calf born becoming an adult productive animal is the part of integrated program. Similar services are also proposed for upgrading the local buffaloes where ever needed by using Murrah breed of semen. District wise distribution of CDCs Sl No District No of centers 1 Anugul 15 2 Bargarh 1 3 Bolangir 15 4 Nuapada 1 5 Sambalpur 1 6 Sonpur 1 7 Kalahandi 1 8 Boudh 5 9 Nawarangpur 1 1 Koraput 5 Total 1 b.fodder Development Program: The BAIF will take effort in developing the feed and fodder resource under proposed project. The seeds/ planting material will be supplied to 1 farmers in each CDC operational area every year. Allotment of demonstrations will be 5 for irrigated conditions and 5 for rain fed conditions. In the first year the seed inputs will be given to 5 farmers (25 each from irrigated & rain fed conditions) who have participated in cross breeding programme and in subsequent four & half years the support will be given to those farmers having crossbred calves. Five hundred farmers will be benefited in five years at each CDC. The beneficiaries will be convinced to continue the programme with their own costs as they will be having crossbred animals at their doorsteps. C.Small ruminants Development: Under small ruminant development, Goat development activity being taken up in 5 clusters namely Mayurbhanj, Deogarh, Sundergarh, Keonjhar and Balangir.. The activities are group formation,buck keeper selection,field guide selection,organizing camps, training of goat keepers and Field guides, vaccination and deworming of Goats etc.

129 D. Technology Knowledge Strategic Partnership(TKSP): This covers the development of Chiplima farm for fodder seed production in 1 acres of land, field performance program and establishment of ETT lab. Training of technical staff and professionals and preparation of project proposal are also covered SUGGESTIONS: As indicated above, the SIA in coordination with some of the departments is integrating the NPCBB with various projects/ programmes being implemented by other agencies and departments. However the SIA need to work in close coordination with other agencies in this regard. The funds available under SGSY, SC/ST action plan, Pharma and Insurance companies and similar programmes of GOI need to be tapped by the SIA for funding some of the components.

130 CHAPTER-15 LEGISLATIVE BACK UP REQUIRED FOR CERTIFICATION OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS Though, OLRDS is a new organization it is assigned with major responsibility of improving the livestock resource base of the state, there by improving the socio-economic condition of people of rural Odisha. This requires the organization to deal several different types of organizations and individuals. In order that the commitments made are complied, various agreements and contracts have been signed. The list of such agreement and contracts signed by OLRDS are, 15.1 Agreement with New India Insurance Company for livestock insurance 1. Scope of Agreement: As per the terms and conditions of the policy this agreement covers the various beneficiaries as Identified under Livestock Insurance Scheme launched by Govt. of India for the identified districts like Puri/ Khurda/ Cuttack/ Jagatsinghpur/ Kendrapada/ Keonjhar/ Bargarh/ Sambalpur/ Mayurbanj districts of Odisha State.This agreement shall be with specific reference to Milch animals like Cows, Buffaloes. 2. Definitions: Cattle- shall refer to animals such as milch Cows/milch Buffaloes. Period of Agreement: The Agreement shall be valid for a period of 1 year from to, can be renewed thereafter with mutual consent of both the parties. All the animals sponsored by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar for the identified districtsnamely Puri/Khurda/Cuttack/Jagatsinghpur/ Kendrapada/Keonjhar/ Bargarh/Sambalpur Maurbhanj subject to maximum two cows/buffaloes per beneficiaries during the currency of this agreement shall have to be insured. Replacements as and when introduced are to be informed to the Insurance Company for adequate coverage. 3. Age Group: a) Milch Cows - 2 to 1 Years b) Milch Buffaloes - 3 to 12 years 4. Premium Rates: {All Rates are net) Milch % for 3 yr policy@2.25% for 1 year policy. 5. Sum Insured:The Market value of the animal On the date of Insurance/Loss as certified by VAS will be treated as the sum insured for both acceptance of risk and settlement of claims respectively subject to maximum Rs.15/- per cow/buffalo.the other conditions are given in Annexure 15.1.

131 15.2organization of pathapranta natak under livestock insurance scheme : This agreement is reached between Secretary-cum- Director M/s Priyadarshini Dance, Music and Natak Samaj 361/A, GGP Colony, Rasulgarh, Bhubaneswar and Chief Executive Officer, Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) located at OBPI campus, Bhubaneswar for organizing Pathapranta Natak in Puri /Khurdha /Cuttack /Jagatsinghpur /Kendrapada /Keonjhar /Bargarh /Sambalpur /Mayurbhanj districts under Livestock Insurance Scheme w.e.f The Pathapranta Natak will be organized stating therein the present rates, terms and conditions of the programme.the other conditions are given in Annexure Agreement for calf rearing scheme with United Insurance Company: This agreement is reached between DIVISIONAL MANAGER, UNITED INDIA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD., DIVISIONAL OFFICE- II, OCHC BUILDING, BLOCK- A - 1 ST FLOOR), KHARBELA NAGAR, UNIT-3, BHUBANESWAR-7511 and CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, ORISSA LIVESTOCK RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY (OLRDS) located at OBPI campus, Bhubaneswar for underwriting calf insurance under Calf Rearing Scheme w.e.f The Master Policy will be issued stating there in the present rates, terms and conditions of the policy. 1. Scope of Agreement: As per the terms and conditions of the policy this agreement covers the various beneficiaries as Identified under Calf Rearing Scheme launched by Govt. of Orissa for all the districts of Orissa state (except Sundargarh, Deogarh, Kandhamal). This agreement shall be with specific reference to calves 2. Definitions: Calves - Calves shall refer to female offspring born out of Cross Bred/Non Descriptive cow with AI using pure bred/cross bred exotic semen. Period of Agreement: The Agreement shall be valid for a period of 1 year from to can be renewed thereafter with mutual consent of both the parties. All the animals sponsored by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar for the 27 districts of Orissa. As priority is given to female CB calves born from ND cows owned by one beneficiary, hence there is no upper limit of booking CB female calves born from ND cows of one owner, where as only one female CB calf born from CB cows of one owner will be booked under the scheme. Replacements as and when introduced are to be informed to the Insurance Company for adequate coverage. 3. Age Group: Calves: 4-32 months 4. Premium Rates: (All Rates are net) Calves within age 4-32 Rs 15. per calf. 5.Sum Insured: As per valuation chart attached at Annexure II, for the age of calf from 4 32 months, the value of calf varies from Rs.6/- to Rs.75/- respectively.the other conditions are given in Annexure 15.3.

132 15.4Agreement for supply of medicines: The Technical committee at the state level decide the purchase of various medicines required by inviting tenders from the interested parties. After opening the tenders, the eligible parties will be advised to supply the material subject to the terms and conditions stipulated in the dtender document. The supplier shall supply the goods in the schedule completely so as to make delivery at destination place as mentioned in the purchase order on or before the date fixed failure to do which will entitle the Director to rescind the contract immediately. That the goods shall be of the specifications and price mentioned against each. Any variation on inspection will entitle the Director to refuse the consignments either in whole or in part, as the case may be, the whole, if the part renders it useless. That the goods shall be inspected at Directorate, AH & VS, Odisha, Cuttack That the Supplier shall guarantee durability/ Expiry of the goods for a period of 12 months from the date of completion of supplies and installation in the case of machineries The Goods shall be duly packed and insured by the Supplier for transit and be dispatched at the risk of the carriers and the Director shall not be responsible for any loss or damage during the transit or at any time prior to inspection and approval. That the price of goods shall be paid on the completion of the supplies as per clauses of Tender. That the supplier deposited the amount towards earnest money at the time of tender for due performance of the covenants hereof and such money shall be forfeited to the Director in case of breach of all or any of the covenants. The detailed aggrement is attached as Annexure Agreement with security service provider: Zed fort securities,bhubaneswar entered into an aggrement with OLRDS for supply of 2 attendants.the other terms of compensation,duration of contract and other conditions are given in Annexure Agreement with GOMITRA: OLRDS has entered into an agreement with private AI workers(gomitra) and provided the necessary AI equipment after training for 4 months to perform their duties in the identified villages. Though they are expected to submit the performance data in terms of AI done,number of cases examined, found pregnant and No of calves born, they are giving only NO of AI done as there is no incentive for calves born. The submission of required data need to be made mandatory for all agencies.the detailed aggrement is attached as Annexure Undertaking with the Breeder s Group and Bull host : The breeders association of the village forms a breeder interest group for development of cattle and buffaloes.the breeder group select one of the villagers as a bull host tomanagethe bull given under NPCBB for Natural service.the group will be responcible forfeeding and management of

133 the bull.deworming and vaccinationof the bull and otheranimals in the village will be carried out.the charges for each service will be decided by the breeder s group.the records of the service will be maintained and intimated to thelivestock Inspector. The other bull calves in the village will be castrated. Copy of theundertaking is attached as Annexure Agreement with BAIF for implementation of Kalyani program: The state Govt. represented by OLRDS entered into an MOU with BAIF Research Foundation on 2 nd october 21 to establish and operate 1 Cattle Development centres in 1 districts of the state of Odisha on the terms and conditions specified in the aggrement. The source of funds is RKVY.The other terms and conditions are given in the Annexure Price aggrement with LN2 supplier: Presently the FSBS,Cuttack is assessing the requirement of LN2 for entire State through CDVO s at the beginning of the year and the total quantity required is Procured through tender process.m/s BOC,Jamshedpur is supplying at an average rate of Rs. 8.5per lt at the designated focal points. The offer is valid for a period of one year from the date of issue.the other conditions are LN2 to be supplied by the firm maintaining the quality and quantity at the delivery point. The requirement of LN2 per delivery point will be informed to the firm from time to time and the firm will ensure its supply without any interruption. In token of the quantity ready for supply at the delivery point the firm shall produce the local weigh bridge bill of weightage. The source of procurement of liquid nitrogen by the firm shall also be mentioned in the bill. The goods to be transported exclusively through liquid nitrogen tanker carriers only. There is no formal MOU except the specific conditions while issuing the order for supply of LN Aggrement with equipment supplier: Purchase of containers: The Containers for storage of semen, storage and distribution of LN 2 are manufactured by INOX India Ltd and IBP India pvt. Ltd. Normally the SIA work out the total requirement of various capacity containers and invite tenders giving the specifications and quantity required. On receipt of the tenders (technical and financial) from different companies, the same will be opened in the presence of the committee members. The qualified companies are given the supply order along with the specifications and number of containers to be supplied along with terms and conditions Purchase of Equipments for semen processing lab : The equipments of routine nature like AI Guns, Sheaths, Gloves, Aprons,Straws, chemicals, etc are purchased by calling tenders and in respect of major equipments where suppliers are limited, it may be procured with the

134 approval of a committee. Most of these equipments are with warranty for a period of one or two years and the people who are going to handle such equipment are trained by the company Aggrement with Utkal Gomangal Samithi (UGS): The SIA is procuring the bulls for NS through UGS and Supplying to the Bull hosts in the interior areas.since it is a sister concern institution, there is no aggrement between OLRDS and UGS Aggrement with semen doses supplier: The SIA is procuring Buffalo and Crossbred HF/Jersey Bull semen from APLDA,Visakhapatnam;SAG,Bidaj and BAIF,Urulikanchan. As they are A grade semen stations, the SIA has not entered into any MOU with them Annual Maintenance contract: Annual maintenance contract is normally with the manufacturers or his representative for all major equipments after expiry of the warranty period Breeding policy : OLRDS was formed to oversee the implementation of breeding policy and provision of breeding services in the state. The breeding services in the state of Odisha are being provided by different agencies including the NGOs. At times these agencies may not pass the information on the details of Inseminations done, semen used, number of animals conceived, calves born, etc to the SIA as they are getting funds from other sources. The SIA even though formed do not have any legislative backup to supervise the agencies undertaking breeding services in the state and to see that the breeding policy prescribed for the state is strictly followed. Hence it was felt that all the agencies providing the breeding facilities in the state may be brought under regulatory power of SIA so that the breeding policy of the state can be strictly followed There is a variation in the AI fee charged by various agencies and it needs to be rationalized and providing subsistence assistance for private AI workers need to be worked out There are large no. of stray cattle in rural as well as urban areas which is a serious hindrance to genetic improvement. State Government. may formulate suitable legislation for castration of these stray cattle.

135 CONSTRAINTS IN CATTLE AND BUFFALO DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER-16 Development of cattle and buffalo does not take place in isolation. It is an integral part of over all development process of the state economy and most particularly that of overall Agriculture development in the state. As such Odisha is Agriculturally less developed due to several complex interrelated factors. Most common is the frequent occurance of Natural calamity and lack of adequate investment. Traditionally milk is not a common item of Odia dietary system. Majority of people are fish eaters and prefer non vegetarian diet over vegetarian food. Consumption of milk became popular with tea in Odia household custom and overall conciousness for healthy diet as the economic condition of people improves. Hence demand for milk is mostly localized to urban and semi urban locality. Marketing of fluid milk in rural areas is almost negligible. For the purpose of this study, attempt was made to consult cross section of people both official and non official. Some of the issues raised are listed as under. 1.The programme NPCBB itself has a very limited focus and investment concern. It views one time creation of AI facility without long term commitment of replacement and maintenance. The State with financial constraints find it difficult to whole heartedly support it. Example could be the conversion of the static AI centers as mobile one in the state of Odisha. The same existingli / VT/Vet. Hospital is converted as mobile by simply providing 3Lt. capacity YDS cryocan container, LN2, AI gun, Sheath etc. No additional man power is placed there by compelling the center in charge to neglect the Veterinary First Aid center, which is considered as the primary function.this further add to the confusion of the livestock keepers who have seen him/her as stationary. It does not end there, the same official when perform AI at farmers place charge Rs 2., while at center the charge is Rs1..This raise the question of integrity of the field staff. 2.Under the NPCBB, no provision is made to reimburse the TA of AI worker, state Govt. provides an additional cycle allowance of Rs 3 per month while one knows it well that quick mobility is key to success of AI. The GOMITRAS who are the key functionary and heart of NPCBB are expected to become self employed and self reliant without getting involved in Veterinary first Aid service. This is totally impractical in the state of Odisha. Basing on extensive field visits and interaction with over 5 GOMITRAs,it is concluded that GOMITRA can become sustainable only if they are rigorously trained and supported financially for 2-3 years with hand holding back up support by VAS or senior LI in the area. 3.Buffalo keeping is not common to Odisha rural house hold. AI is not the answer to the prevalent buffalo keeping practice. Only natural service is practical. But there is limitation in finding large no of pedigree buffalo bulls. Breeding record keeping is also difficult.

136 4.There are frequent delays and disruption in regular supply of LN2 and semen to field centers due to inadequate number of vehicles and lack of adequate man power at the District Semen Bank. 5.Release of funds are not adequately regulated. 6.Functioning of AI centers by OMFED, DAH, and Gomitra are often not properly coordinated. At times they operate for the same group of beneficiary. 7.The working condition and rewards including (Pay) are widely at variance among NGO (BAIF), Gomitra, OMFED and Dept. AI worker. 8.OLRDS as independent autonomous body has been established to implement NPCBB. Its responsibility dose not ends there. It has to play long term role for livestock development. Hence OLRDS need to be supported by State Govt. from regular plan fund to undertake activities other than cattle and buffalo breeding. However, so far no Assistance to SIA from State Plan is being provided. 9.The personnel at the OLRDS is totally on deployment basis from Veterinary Department, thus for all practical purpose they are in direct administrative control of the parental department. The CEO of OLRDS exercise no administrative control. Further being deployed they do not get any deputation allowance. This adversely affect their commitment. There is an urgent need to regularize the postings in OLRDS with appropriate funding support from state govt. 1.Though OLRDS as SIA has been established on long term basis, it did not have its own building. Similarly all the 3 District Veterinary Offices which have been designated as Semen banks and LN2 depots did not have separate building space. Often the semen and LN2 containers are kept in veranda of office. There is a need to provide funds for construction of such office space. 11.Mechanisation in agriculture has brought down the price of Male cattle, compounding to this problem the value system of the people not to sell male calf of cows for beef market, leave large no of adult male cattle as stray bulls. These stray bulls are serious challenge to AI success. 12.Economics of milk production goes against the interest of the cattle owners when cost of all inputs( cattle feed Rs 13 per kg) are computed as against the sale price of milk. Selling price of milk in different parts of Odisha varied widely. It ranged from as less as Rs 9/ per liter in remote Nuapada and Sundergarh villages and Rs 14/ in Cuttack, Jagatsinghpur and Puri.Added to this is lack of organized marketing network throuout the state.

137 CHAPTER 17 INVESTMENTS REQUIRED 17.1Longterm perspective plan of State: The Animal Resource Department, Govt. of Odisha has prepared a long term perspective plan document for period of 1 years i.e from 21 to 22. According to this document the state aims to achieve, Increase milk production from current level of 1.5 to 4.8 million tons by 22. To produce additional 2 lakh CB cowsin 1 years to generate direct employment for 1 lakh rural peoplein Dairy sector. To reach annual fodder production of 2 lakh ton by 22. Conservation and improvement of 4 breeds of local cattle and buffaloes through selective breeding by organizing breeder groups. To achieve coverage of local cattle under organized breeding from present 12 percent to 5 percent by 22. To increase the productivity of CB cattle from 5 liters to 8 liters per day. To enhance the milk processing and marketing capacity of OMFED to1.5 million liters per day In order to achieve the above stated objectives, there is need for enhanced investment by the state. This has to be met from various sources. The projected activities, investment and proposed sources of funding are given in Table The State Animal Husbandry department in co-ordination with the supporting agency like OMFED will jointly carry out the programme to make it more extensive for the benefit of cattle owners. A new semen station will be established to meet the demand for semen straws of the state. For establishing the new semen station, technical assistance from reputed agencies like KLDB, NDDB, and BAIF will be adopted as per our need. Moreover, with the initial support from a reputed consultant, one Embryo Transfer Technology laboratory will be set up at Cuttack for the production of bulls. Further, OLRDS will ensure the supply of required inputs to the field AI institutions regularly for effective delivery of breeding services to the farmers in time.

138 TABLE 17.1 :TEN YEAR PLAN FOR CROSS BREEDING -PHYSICAL TARGETS Sl. No. Planned Activities Ten Year Plan Breedable Female coverage in lakh 1.1 Breed. Female coverage by AI Breed. female coverage by NS Total Breed. Female Coverage (AI + NS) Cross Breeding Strengthening of AI network -new centres Production of Semen New Semen station 1 Embryo transfer technology laboratory 1 Strengthening of sperm station,sperm Station, Cuttack Running cost for FSB Bull production Programme Cows to be put for FPRS Procurement of CB Bulls Progeny testing (No of Bulls to be tested) Strengthening of Bull mother Farms 2 3 TA YDS BA BA AI Guns Semen Straw Required in lakhs High pedigree/ Pure Jersey semen in lakhs Sheath Required in lakhs Liquid Nitrogen Required in lakh litres Source: State Perspective Plan

139 TABLE 17.2 : TEN YEAR PLAN FOR CROSS BREEDING-FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS (Rs. In Lakh) Sl. No. Planned Activities 2.5 Cross Breeding Strengthening of AI network -new centres Production of Semen New Semen station Ten Year Plan Embryo transfer technology laboratory 1 46 Strengthening of sperm station,sperm Station, Cuttack Running cost for FSB Bull production Programme Cows to be put for FPRS Procurement of CB Bulls Progeny testing (No of Bulls to be tested) Strengthening of Bull mother Farms TA YDS BA BA AI Guns Semen Straw Required in lakhs High pedigree/ Pure Jersey semen AI Sheath Liquid Nitrogen Total Cost Source: StatePerspective Plan

140 Table 17.3 : Total Outlay Rs. in lakh Source of Fund NPCBB State Budget RIDF NABARD Total Source: State Perspective Plan 17.2 Perspective plan for under NPCBB: The Project Proposal has been prepared keeping in view the overall priorities of NPCBB and the component activities under the project that are required to be implemented in the State during the financial year The abstract of the physical and financial outlay for various project components is given in Table Table 17.4 : Perspective plan for under NPCBB Rs. in lakhs Project Components Phy Fin 1 Strengthening of LN transport and distribution system a) Strengthening of District level Semen Banks b) Strengthening of LN storage & transport system Bull production programme a) Murrah bull production - - b) Indigenous/CB cattle bull production programme c) Import of embryos 5 1. d) Import of semen straws Support to SIAs, Breeders' Associations, Gaushalas, Cooperatives, NGOs for field performance recording, Progeny Testing, ONBS, etc a) Progeny testing programme 1 2. b) Implementing ONBS 2 8. c) Strengthening of bull mother farms Procurement of bulls for natural service a) Support to Bull Hosts Strengthening AI network a) Strengthening semen stations 1 2. b) Procurement of AI bulls Strengthening field AI network and Support to NGOs a) Establishment of New AI Centers (Deptt.) 3 15.

141 b) Replacement of Cryocontainers 3 6. c) Establishment of private AI workers d) Conversion of AI centres into mobile AI centres 2 3. e) Support to NGOs for Breed Improvement Man power development a) Strengthening of Training Infrastructure for Vets(VOTI, BBSR) 1 5. b) Refresher Training of private AI workers 3 9. c) Basic AI Training to fresh Vets and Paravets d) Training of professionals outside the State 4 1. e) Training of professionals abroad Assistance to SIA b) Managerial grants to SIA 1 3. c) Strengthening of field Breeding Information System 1 1. d) Updating the existing GIS & MIS package Sexual health control programme: Organisation of fertility camps Total Of the various components, strengthening of semen storage and distribution at district level needs priority as none of them have proper facility for storing the valuable germ plasm. The FSBS,Cuttack is lack of proper biosecurity as it is surrounded by various types of institutions, households,etc.the bulls under training is normally per pen due to shortage of pens. Moreover to enhance the production capacity of the station, additional bulls areto be maintained on the FSBS. Hence,these investments need priority.

142 Annexure 4.1 Bylaws of SIA 4.1.Definition (Interpretation): In the interpretation of the Rules and Regulations unless there being something in the subject or context inconsistency therewith. The act act shall mean the Societies Registration Act 19(Act of 1). The Society shall mean the body registered under the Act called The Society. The Society shall mean Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society OLRDS. The Rules shall mean the Rules and Regulations of Society. The Executive Committee shall mean the executive committee for the time being consisted under the rules and regulations of the Society. The President shall mean the Principal Secretary/ Secretary to Govt., Fisheries & Animal Resources Development Department, Government of Orissa Ex-Officio as provided under Rule 3.1 of the Society. The Vice President means the Vice President of the Society, viz- The Director of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services, Orissa. The Secretary / Member Secretary / Convener shall mean the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS as provided under Rule 3.11 of the Society. The Treasurer shall mean the Treasurer of the time as would be appointed by the Society. 4.2.Fiscal Year: The fiscal year of the Society shall be first April to March thirty first of the succeeding year. 4.3.Governing Body: (A) Official Members: Principal Secretary/ Secretary to Govt., Fisheries & Animal President Resources Development Department, Govt. of Orissa. Director of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services, Orissa Vice President Addl. Secretary / Joint Secretary to Govt., Fisheries and Member Animal Resources Development Department Managing Director, OMFED Member Addl. Secretary / Joint Secretary to Govt., Planning & Member Coordination Department Addl. Secretary / Joint Secretary to Govt., Finance Department Member Joint Director (HID), Veterinary Directorate Member Joint Director I, Veterinary Directorate Member Deputy Director, Frozen Semen Bank, Cuttack Member Accounts Officer, Veterinary Directorate Member Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS Member Secretary

143 (Convener) Joint Honorary Secretary, Utkal Gomangal Samiti Member Joint Honorary Secretary, Society for Prevention to Cruelty to Member Animals, Cuttack Person nominated by Governing Council Member 4.4 Powers and functions of the Member Secretary: 1. The executive and financial powers of the Society shall be vested in the Member Secretary. 2. The Member Secretary will be responsible for co-ordination and liaison with such organization(s) which may contribute towards Cattle and Buffalo development and implementation of the programs in accordance with rules and regulations of the Society. 3. He/she shall be responsible for a) Organizing and executing the training, workshop, seminars and other activities. b) Operating the bank accounts and handling the funds of the society jointly with another Member nominated as Treasurer for implementation of the activities approved by the Governing Council. c) Book keeping of all funds received from Government and Non-Government sources, jointly with the Treasurer. d) Submission of monthly working and execution reports in time in the approved Proforma. 4. His/her main functions will be to : a) Assure the availability of basic infrastructure for the activities of the Society. b) Make timely and effective decisions for solving operational problems. c) Assure proper utilization of the resources available for the programme activities. d) Exercise effective co-operation with various departments of the Government of Orissa, the Government of India and donor agencies connected with the programmes of the Society. 4.5Proceedings of the Meeting: All business of the Council shall be by consensus as far as possible. 4.6Remuneration of President and Members: The President, Vice-President, Treasurer or any member of the Governing Council shall not be entitled to any allowances or other remuneration. The term of Chief Executive Officer will be for three years. He / she will be recruited by the Society with the requisite terms and conditions fixed by Governing Council. 4.7Accounts and Audits: 1. The society shall maintain proper accounts & other relevant records & prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Governing Council. 2. The accounts of the Society shall be audited annually by 3 th June by the auditor, F. & A.R.D. Department, Government of Orissa, A.G. Orissa or by a firm of qualified Chartered Accountants approved by the F & ARD Department.

144 3. The sanctioning power will be governed by the decision of the Governing Council. All expenditures to be incurred will be governed by such rules as may be prescribed by the Governing Council. 4. A monthly account showing the details of receipts and expenditures under each item shall be prepared by the Treasurer of the Society and submitted to the Member Secretary. 5. At the close of each quarter, a consolidated account showing the total receipts and payments during the period under several heads of accounts with the opening and closing balances shall be prepared and submitted to the Governing Council and the State Government. 6. The Treasurer shall prepare the budget and annual accounts of the Society by a date not later than 3 th June comprising receipts and payments of accounts, income and expenditure accounts and balance sheet. After approval by the Member Secretary of the Society, he/she shall have the accounts audited by 31 st August. 7. A copy of such audit report signed by the Auditor along with annual statement of accounts certified by the Auditor and the President of the Society shall be furnished to the Governing Body and to the Government of Orissa on 3 th September. 8. of Orissa shall have the rights, privileges and authority to conduct audit of the accounts and for this purpose he shall have the right to demand production of books of accounts and other relevant records of the Society. 9. A statement showing the schedule of fixed assets held by the Society at the Treasurer shall prepare the budget and annual accounts of the Society by a date not later than 3 th June comprising receipts and payments of accounts, income and expenditure accounts and balance sheet. After approval by the Member Secretary of the Society, he/she shall have the accounts audited by 31 st August. 1. A copy of such audit report signed by the Auditor along with annual statement of accounts certified by the Auditor and the President of the Society shall be furnished to the Governing Body and to the Government of Orissa on 3 th September. 11. of Orissa shall have the rights, privileges and authority to conduct audit of the accounts and for this purpose he shall have the right to demand production of books of accounts and other relevant records of the Society. 12. A statement showing the schedule of fixed assets held by the Society at the end of each financial year shall be sent to the Fisheries & A.R.D. Department, Government of Orissa along with the Annual Statement of Accounts. No depreciation shall be charged and the value of assets shall be shown at the original cost in the accounts. 13. The condemnation of stocks and stores in possession of the Society will be done by the Member Secretary getting it approved by the Governing Council. 14. An utilization certificate of the grant received from the Government of India shall be sent to the Government of India in the Ministry of Agriculture in the prescribed format along with annual statement of accounts. Similarly, necessary utilization certificate will be issued to any such agency who have donated funds to the Society. 15. All orders and decisions of the Society shall be authenticated by the signature of the Member Secretary.

145 16. The Society shall carry out such directions as may be issued to it from time to time by the Government for the efficient implementation of programmes and shall be accountable to State Government. 4.8Legal Action: a) The Society may sue or be sued in the name of the Secretary only at High Court of Orissa, Cuttack or any court within the jurisdiction. b) The income and property of the Society, however derived, shall be applied towards promotion of the objective of the Society. c) No portion of the income and property of the Society shall be paid or transferred directly or indirectly by way of dividends, bonus or otherwise by way of profits to any person or organization who at any time were or have been members of the Council or any of them. Provided that nothing here in contained shall prevent the payment in good faith, to any other person in return for any service rendered to the Society or goods purchased by the Society. 4.9Alterations, Amendment, Modification of the Memorandum of Association: The Society may alter, extend or abridge any purpose or purposes for which it is established in accordance with the procedures laid down in that behalf of the Societies Registration Act (Act. 21 of 186). 4.1 Change of Rules and Regulations: The society may alter these rules at an time by a resolution passed by a majority of 3/4 th of the members present and Voting at any meeting of the Society which shall have been convened for the purpose after giving due notice or such resolutions to the members of the Society, in accordance with the procedure laid down in that behalf of by the Societies Registration Act 186 (Act 21 of 186). 4.11Dissolution of the Society: (i) The Society may resolve by three fourth majority of votes given at the meeting convened for the purpose to dissolve the Society provided that due notice of such resolution have been given to the members of the Society in accordance with the procedure laid down in that behalf by the Societies Registration Act 186 (Act 21 of 186) and provided that the prior approval of the Government of Orissa for such dissolution have been taken. (ii) If on the dissolution of the Society there shall remain, after the satisfaction of its debts and liabilities any property the same shall not be paid to and distributed among the members of the Society or any of them but shall be transferred to the Govt. of Orissa to be utilized by in such manner as it thinks fit

146 Financial Sanction, Amount Released & Funds Utilized during Phase-II under NPCBB (ORISSA) ANNEXURE 5.1 S.N o. 1 a) Project Componen ts/ Sub- Componen ts Strengthenin g of LN 2 transport and distribution system Semen stations Sanction Release Utilization st Yr 2nd Yr 3rd Yr 4th Yr 5th Yr Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. 3. Ph y. Ph y. Ph y. Ph y. 3. Phy. b) c) d) 2 a) b) c) d) Strengtheni ng existing semen banks/ Storage depots New semen banks LN 2 storage and transport system Bull production programme Murrah bull production Indigenous cattle bull production programme Import of embryos Import of semen

147 straws 3 a) b) c) 4 a) b) c) 5 Support to SIAs, Breeders' Associations, Gaushalas, Cooperative s, NGOs for field performance recording, Progeny Testing, ONBS, etc Progeny testing programme Implementin g ONBS with MOET Strengtheni ng of bull mother farms Procurement of bulls for natural service Procuremen t of male calves (@ Rs 1,/bull) Insurance of male calves Testing of bulls against STD's (including Karyo typing) Strengthenin g of AI network

148 a) b) c) 6 a) b) c) 7 a) b) c) d) 8 Strengtheni ng of semen stations Establishme nt of new semen stations Procuremen t of AI bulls Strengthenin g field AI network Establishme nt of private AI workers Conversion of AI centres into mobile Strengthenin g NGO/ Voluntary organization AI centres Man power development Training of private AI workers Training of existing AI workers Training of professional s Training of professional s abroad Strengthenin g/ establishmen t of training centres for a) AI workers

149 9 1 a) b) c) 11 a) Assistance to private AI 6 per AI worker Assistance to SIA Managerial grants to SIA Computeris ation and MIS Concurrent evaluation Sexual health control programme Organisatio n of fertility camps Total Date of First Release of Funds for Phase-II (3. lakhs) Total Release of Funds for Phase- II (Till Date) lakhs

150 Annexure -9.1 Frozen Semen doses distributed during the year 27-8 Semen straws distributed during the period Name of the Indigenous breed Cross Total district HF Jersey Red Murrah bred Haryana Sindhi 1 Keonjhar Sl. No. Cumulative Total 2 Angul Jharsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanja Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total

151 Frozen Semen doses distributed during the year 28-9 Sl. No. Name of the district HF Semen straws distributed during the period Indigenous breed Cross Jersey bred Haryana Red Sindhi Murrah Total 1 Keonjhar Angul Jharsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanja Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total

152 Sl. No. Frozen semen doses distributed during the year 29-1 Semen straws distributed during the period Name of the Indigenous breed Cumulative Cross Total district HF Jersey Red Murrah total bred Haryana Sindhi Keonjhar Angul Jharsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanja Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total

153 Frozen semen doses distributed during the year Semen straws distributed during the period Name of the Indi breed wise Cumulative Sl. No. Cross Total district HF Jersey Red Murrah total bred Haryana Sindhi 1 Angul Bolangir Balasore Baragarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Deogarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Keonjhar Khurda Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nawarangpur Nayagarh Nuapara Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Sonepur Sundargarh Total

154 Annexure 1.1 District wise Distribution of LN2 for 27-8 Sl No. Name of District Annual LN 2 Requirement (in ltrs) LN 2 distributed during the period AIC Total LN 2 Distributed 1 Keonjhar Angul Jarsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total :

155 District wise Distribution of LN2 for 28-9 Annual LN 2 LN 2 distributed during the period Sl No. Name of District Requirement (in ltrs) AIC Total LN 2 Distributed 1 Keonjhar Angul Jarsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total

156 District wise Distribution of LN2 for 29-1 Sl No. Name of District Annual LN 2 Requirement (in ltrs) LN 2 distributed during the period AIC Total LN 2 Distributed 1 Keonjhar Angul Jarsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak 28 Total :

157 District wise Distribution of LN2 for Sl No. Name of District Annual LN 2 Requirement (in ltrs) LN 2 distributed during the period (in Ltr.) AIC Total LN 2 Distributed 1 Angul Bolangir Balasore Baragarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Deogarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Keonjhar Khurda Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nawarangpur Nayagarh Nuapara Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Sonepur Sundargarh Total :

158 27. Agency wise and district wise AI done / calves born for the years 25-6, 26-7, 27-8 and For The Year 25-6 AI Done Sl No Name of the District Department Private AIC Stationary Mobile Gomitra JK Truest Other / NGOs BAI F Dairy Union Total Calves birth Departmental Pvt. Others / NGOs Stationary Mobile AIC 1 Keonjhar Angul Jarsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur JK Tru st BA IF Dairy Union Total

159 29 Malkanagir Bhadrak Total ) For the Year 26-7 Sl. No Name of the District Annual Target AI Done Calves birth AI done Calves born Department Stationary Mobile Private AIC Gomitra JK Tru est Other / NGOs BA IF Dairy Union (OMFED ) Total Departmental Pvt. Others / NGOs 1 Keonjhar Angul Jarsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Stationa ry Mobile AIC JK Tr ust BA IF Dairy Union Total

160 25 Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total ) For the Year 27-8 Sl. No Name of the District Annual Target AI Done Calves birth AI done Ca lv es bo rn Department Stationa ry Mobile Private AIC Gomitra NGO Other / NGOs L B D F B A IF Dairy Union OMFED Total Departmental Stationary Mobile Pvt. AIC Gomitr a NG O Others / NGOs 1 Keonjhar Angul Jharsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi L B D F B A IF Dairy Union OMFED Total

161 22 Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total ) For the Year 28-9 Sl. No Name of the District Annual Target AI Done Calves Birth AI done Cal ves bor n Department Stationary Mobile Private AIC Gomitra J K T Other / NGOs NGO Dairy Union (OMFED) Total Departmental Pvt. Others / NGOs 1 Keonjhar Angul Jarsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpur Jagatsingpur Mayurbhanj Stationa ry Mobile Gomit ra J K NG O Dairy Union Total

162 18 Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total ) For the Year 29-1

163 Sl. N o Name of the District Annual Target AI Done Calves birth AI done Calve s born Department Station -ary Mobil e Private AIC Gomitr a NG O Other / NGOs JK Trus t BAI F Dairy Union OMFE D Total Departmental Stationar y Mobil e Pvt. AIC Gomitr a NG O Others / NGOs 1 Keonjhar Angul Jharsuguda Puri Khurda Deogarh Gajapati Nayagarh Sundergarh Nuapada Kandhamal Jajpur Baragarh Cuttack Nawarangpu r Jagatsingpu r Mayurbhanj Ganjam Koraput Rayagada Kalahandi Dhenkanal Sambalpur Kendrapara Boudh Balasore Bolangir Sonepur Malkanagir Bhadrak Total JK Trus t BAI F Dairy Union OMFE D Total

164 6) For the year 21-11

165 Sl. N o Name of the District AI done Stationary Department Mobile Calves birth Private AIC Gomitra Total NGO BAI F Departmental Dairy Union OMFE D Pvt. AIC Gomitra Others / NGOs Stationary Mobile NGO 1 Angul Bolangir Balasore Baragarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Deogarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghp ur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Keonjhar Khurda Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nawarangpu r Nayagarh Nuapara Puri Rayagada Sambalpur Sonepur Sundargarh Total Total JK Trust BAI F Dairy Union OMFE D

166 7) For the year Sl. No Name of the District AI Calves born Department Private AIC Gomitr Total Stationary Mobile a NGO BAIF Departmental Dairy Union OMFE D Pvt. AIC Gomitr a Stationary Others / NGOs 1 Angul Bolangir Balasore Baragarh Bhadrak Boudh Cuttack Deogarh Dhenkanal Gajapati Ganjam Jagatsinghpur Jajpur Jharsuguda Kalahandi Kandhamal Kendrapara Keonjhar Khurda Koraput Malkangiri Mayurbhanj Nawarangpur Nayagarh Nuapara Puri Rayagada Mobile NG O BAIF Dairy Union OMFE D

167 28 Sambalpur Sonepur Sundargarh Total

168 ANNEXURE-15.1 LIVESTOCK INSURANCE SCHEME LIVESTOCK INSURANCE POLICY FOR BENIFICIARIES OF PURI/KHURDA//CUTTACK/JAGATSINGHPUR/KENDRAPADA/KEONJHAR/ BARGARH/ SAMBALPUR /MAYURBHANJ DISTRICTS UNDER LIVESTOCK INSURANCE SCHEME FOR THE YEAR This agreement is reached between CHIEF REGIONAL MANAGER, THE NEW INDIA ASSURANCE COMPANY LTD., 1 ST FLOOR, ALOK BHARATI BUILDING, SAHEED NAGAR, BHUBANESWAR-7517 and CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, ORISSA LIVESTOCK RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY (OLRDS) located at OBPI campus, Bhubaneswar for underwriting Livestock insurance under Livestock Insurance Scheme w.e.f The Policy will be issued stating there in the present rates, terms and conditions of the policy. WHEREAS the insured/chief Executive Officer, OLRDS by a proposal and declaration as stated therein which shall be the basis of this contract and is deemed to be incorporated, here in has applied to the company for the insurance hereinafter contained and has paid or agreed to pay the subsidy part of the premium through Cash Deposit as 5 % of consideration for such insurance. (A) NOW THIS POLICY WITNESSETH that subject to the terms, exceptions and conditions contained herein or endorsed hereon or as contained in the attached Agreement or endorsed thereon, the Company shall indemnify the insured against pecuniary loss sustained as a result of the death occurs during the period of insurance of any animal described in the schedule from accident (inclusive of Fire, Lightning, Flood, Cyclone, Strike & Riot) or surgical operation or diseases contracted/or occurring during the period of insurance subject to vaccination against diseases. SCHEDULE Name:- Chief Executive Officer, Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society Address:- OBPI campus,bhubaneswar-7513, A/c. Various beneficiaries as identified by the Govt. of Orissa, Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar in the Districts of Puri / Khurda / Cuttack / Jagatsinghpur /Kendrapada /Keonjhar / Bargarh / Sambalpur / Mayurbhanj jurisdiction. Period of Agreement: From: to: [to be renewed on mutual consent] Note: Puri/Khurda/Cuttack/Jagatsinghpur/Kendrapada/Keonjhar/Bargarh/Sambalpur/Mayurbhanj Districts means entire area of these districts. The detail district wise target is enclosed at Annexure-1.

169 DESCRIPTION OF ANIMAL INSURED Two female CB/High yielding cow/buffaloes per beneficiary for the purpose of subsidy in premium as identified by the Chief District Veterinary Officer of concerned districts under above schemes are to be declared in the special statement of declaration designed exclusively for this purpose on monthly basis, as described in the designated schedule form supplied to the Insurance Company. Total Sum Insured: A valuation chart for costing of an animal as enclosed at Annexure-2 is the bar for arriving at the total sum insured for that animal. The chart contains various broad parameters like Breed, Age, No of calving, parity, Health condition, physical deformity etc. for valuation of the animal. However animal wise valuation will be done jointly by the beneficiary and the local VAS/AVAS, as the company has not engaged any agents and the rate quoted is on non commission basis. The price fixed jointly by the beneficiaries, authorized Veterinary Asst. Surgeon per CB/High yielding cow/buffalo shall be treated as the Sum Insured for both acceptance, of risk and settlement of claim. However the maximum Sum Insured is restricted up to Rs15/- per cow/buffalo. Premium: As per the Agreement, 2.25% for 1 year policy per cow/buffalo for 3 year policy per cow/buffalo. Duration: Date of Agreement 211 and renewed on mutual consent up to.. Location of the farm or place where the animals are stabled: As furnished in the statement of declaration submitted by the Chief District Veterinary Officer. (Normally at Beneficiaries house) Special Condition: Warranted that the animals be in sound health and free from injury, diseases and impairment, whatsoever, at the commencement of the insurance. (B) The liability of the Company in respect of any animal shall not exceed the, Sum Insured set against such animal or Rs 15/-. This policy DOES NOT COVER (unless expressly agreed to by the Company in writing) death directly or indirectly due to or arising out of or resulting from: a) Malicious or willful injury or neglect, over loading, unskillful treatment or use of animal for purpose other than stated in the policy without the consent of the Company in writing. b) Accidents occurring and /or Diseases contracted prior to commencement of risk. c) Intentional slaughter of the animal except in cases where destruction is necessary to terminate incurable suffering on humane consideration on the basis of certificate issued by qualified Veterinarian or in cases where destruction is resorted to be the order of lawfully constituted authority. d) Transport by air or sea. e) Transit beyond 8 Kms. By road or rail, not on foot within the State can be covered by charging additional premium of 1% in case of transfer of animal to new owner during currency of the policy. f) Theft and/or clandestine sale of the insured animal.

170 g) War, Invasion, act of foreign enemy, hostilities (whether war be declared or not), civil war, rebellion, revolution, insurrection, mutiny, tumult, military or usurped power or any consequence thereof or attempt threat. h) Any accident, loss, destruction, damage or legal liability directly or indirectly caused by or contributed to or arising from nuclear material. i) Claim arising due to disease contracted within 15 days from the date of Risk. j) Claim received without ear tags k) Consequential loss of any nature. l) One month notice should be given with sufficient reasonable reasons by the either party for cancellation of agreement. (C) Conditions to be adhere to be insured: 1. If there be any incorrect or untrue statements in the proposal herein referred to or if the insured has not stated any material fact or circumstances at the time of proposal or afterwards or at the commencement of the risk hereunder or on any alteration or extension or renewal of this policy or on the insured making any claim hereunder or insured shall make any false or fraudulent claim or shall fail to observe and perform the terms & conditions here of, the contract shall be void and all premiums paid hereon shall be forfeited to the Company. 2. Every animal must be in sound health and free from any injury at the time of insurance. The milch animals have to be successfully inoculated against Rinderpest and foot & Mouth Disease & other infectious diseases at the time of insurance and this shall be mentioned in the Veterinary Health Certificate, other prescribed inoculations/ Vaccinations are to be followed in respect of the animals insured as per our policy condition. Failure to comply with shall render claims nonstandard ones. 3. The Insured shall cause every animal insured to have sufficient and proper feed, water and shelter and have the same care and attention as if not insured. 4. The Insured shall give immediate notice in writing to the policy issuing office of the Insurance Company of any illness or lameness or accident or injury to any animal insured and shall at his own expense, get the animal properly treated. 5. The Insured shall permit any authorized representative of the Company at all times to inspect the animals and the premises of insured as also to investigate into the death of the Insured animal and the insured shall furnish any information which the Company may require besides complying with all reasonable regulations and directives from time to time made and given by the Company. 6. Any change in the status of the insured animal shall have to be notified to the Insurance Company immediately. In case of Transfer of Interest: Provided previous notice in writing is given to the Company, a policy may be transferred to an approved new owner subject to collection of Transfer fee of Rs.5/- plus Rs.6/- towards service tax from the new owner. 7. In the event of the death of the insured animal, the same is to be informed to Insurance Company in writing through the CDVOs of the dist. concerned by the concerned VAS/AVAS. The Insured concerned shall also furnish within 3 days from the date of occurrence of death, the following: i) Duly completed and signed claim form along with the ear tag of the animal.

171 ii) Certificate of death from a qualified Govt. Veterinarian in Company s Form. iii) Post Mortem Report, Compulsory by a Govt. Veterinarian. iv) Submission of Ear Tag [without which the claim will not be settled] subject to their declaration from the Govt. VAS that they have seen the carcass and Ear tag number. v) Immediate claim intimation shall be made to the Insurance Company within 7 days the occurrence by FAX / / Letter addressed to Mr Samarendra Das, Senior Branch Manager, NEW INDIA ASSURANCE COMPANY Ltd., Branch Office-II-5533, Surya Vihar, Link Road (near Nishamani Cinema), Cuttack 12, Telephone No , , Fax No , Mobile No , ID das.samarendra@newindia.co.in. The beneficiaries should intimate the Policy No., Ear Tag No., date of death, name & address of the beneficiary. vi) The beneficiary shall acknowledge the receipt of claim procedure statement at the time of policy issuance. vii) The Insurance Company will keep the formats like death claim form and standard death certificate format at the CDVO office in advance, so as to facilitate early settlement of claim. viii) On receipt of duly signed claim form, death certificate, post-mortem report, ear tag, colored photograph of the deceased animal routed through the CDVOs, claims will be processed and the claim cheque in the name of the owner of the animal will be sent to the concerned CDVO. ix) The claim shall be settled within 15 working days from the date of receipt of all above documents by the Insurance Company. Note: The Insurance Company reserves the right to investigate into any claim wherever deemed necessary. 8. The amount of claim immediately on being approved, shall be remitted to the Chief District Veterinary Officer of the concerned districts by the Insurance Company, The claim amount so received by the Chief District Veterinary Officer shall be handed over to the beneficiaries immediately. The new animal purchased out of the claim amount shall also be insured on payment of the premium thereof. 9. If and when any claim under this policy is made and if there is any other insurance covering the same animal the Company shall contribute only its ratable proportion. 1. If death of the animals, here by insured, shall be due to the negligence, carelessness or wrong doing of any person, the insured shall not claim or accept any compensation from such person or persons, but shall at the expenses of the Company, do and concur in doing and permit to be done, all such acts and things as may be necessary or reasonably required by the Company for the purposes of enforcing any rights and remedies or of obtaining relief or indemnity from other parties to which the Company shall be or would become entitled or subrogated, upon its paying for or making good and loss or damage under this policy, whether such acts and things shall be or

172 become necessary or required before or after his indemnification by the Company. The Company will indemnify the insured against all costs and expenses so incurred with its written consent. 11. Cancellation clause for Policy: The Company may cancel the Policy by sending seven days notice by recorded delivery to the Insured at insured s last known address and in such event will return to the Insured the premium paid less the pro rata portion there of for the period the Policy has been in force. Or The policy may be cancelled at any time by the Insured on seven days notice by recorded delivery in which case, however, the Insured shall not be entitled for any refund of premium. LIVE STOCK INSURANCE POLICY AGREEMENT (Forming part of Livestock Policy No :...) 1. A) Scope of Agreement: As per the terms and conditions of the policy this agreement covers the various beneficiaries as Identified under Livestock Insurance Scheme launched by Govt. of India for the identified districtslikepuri/khurda/cuttack/jagatsinghpur/kendrapada/keonjhar/ Bargarh/Sambalpur/ Mayurbanj districts of OrissaState. B) This agreement shall be with specific reference to: i) Milch animals like Cows, Buffaloes. 2. Definitions: Cattle- shall refer to animals such as milch Cows/milch Buffaloes. Period of Agreement: The Agreement shall be valid for a period of 1 year from to, can be renewed thereafter with mutual consent of both the parties. All the animals sponsored by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar for the identified districtsnamely Puri/Khurda/Cuttack/Jagatsinghpur/ Kendrapada/Keonjhar/ Bargarh/Sambalpur Maurbhanj subject to maximum two cows/buffaloes per beneficiaries during the currency of this agreement shall have to be insured. Replacements as and when introduced are to be informed to the Insurance Company for adequate coverage. 3. Age Group: a) Milch Cows - 2 to 1 Years b) Milch Buffaloes - 3 to 12 years

173 4. Premium Rates: {All Rates are net) Milch % for 3 yr policy@2.25% for 1 year policy. 5. Sum Insured:The Market value of the animal On the date of Insurance/Loss as certified by VAS will be treated as the sum insured for both acceptance of risk and settlement of claims respectively subject to maximum Rs.15/- per cow/buffalo. 6. (i) Payment of Premium: In view of the provisions in the Sec.64 VB of the Insurance Act, that full premium should be paid before the Insurance cover takes effect. Therefore a sufficient amount of Deposit Premium shall be kept by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar as advance with the New India Assurance Company,which should suffice to cover the premium for the animals so that on receipt of share from the identified farmers along with copies of Certificates, calculated by multiplying the Sum Insured with the rates of premium for 1 Year/3 Years as applicable the Insurance cover can be given from the date of deposit of such share of premium. The Premium cheque has to be sent to the policy issuing office of the Company immediately after finalization of identification of the animals as well as after ear tagging and along with health certificate of the animal to be insured. If payment of premium is not made before acceptance of risk, adequate cash deposit should have been provided to comply of Insurance Act, ii) Premium Deposit: After signing the MOU with the Insurance Company, OLRDS is to place the 5% subsidy premium (Govt. Share) in advance to the Insurance Company in three phases (during month August-211, October-211 and Decebmber-211) on request from the Insurance Company and subject to adequate progress of the scheme. Subsequently the policy will be issued by the company after receiving rest 5% premium amount from the beneficiaries through the CDVOs. However, it was agreed by the New India Assurance Company that the coverage will be treated as valid from the date of enrollment of the animal/ issue of schedule by the VAS/AVAS. It is agreed between the two parties that the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar shall make an initial Deposit of Rs.15 /- (Rupees fifteen lakhs) only with the insurer after signing of the M.O.U and the said deposit shall be adjusted to the insurance premium payable during the coverage period to cover the animals of the beneficiaries of Puri/Khurda/Cuttack/Jagatsinghpur/Kendrapada/Keonjhar/Bargarh/Sambalpur/Mayurbhanj district under Livestock Insurance Scheme, Govt. of India. The insurer after adjustment of the said deposit towards payment of 5% subsidy and subsequently after getting the rest 5% of the premium from the CDVO concerned, on behalf of the beneficiaries, for subsequent payment of the subsidy premium the Insurance Company shall inform OLRDS for further release of funds. The concerned VAS/AVAS are to deposit the filled in schedule forms and 5% of the premium amount collected from the farmers at the office of the CDVO at the end of every month. The concerned CDVOs are to submit the same along with his counter signature on the filled in schedule forms latest by 15 th of every succeeding month positively to the Insurance Company, through Speed Post or Special Messenger with a copy of monthly progress report to OLRDS.The 5% premium collected from farmers through VAS/AVAS to be submitted in shape of cheque or Demand Draft by the CDVOs to the Insurance Company. The New India Assurance Company is to submit a monthly physical and financial progress report to OLRDS in the format enclosed at Annexure-III for tallying with the information submitted by CDVOs to OLRDS for onward submission to Govt.

174 of India by 3 th of every month positively. On Such cases where instant remittance of premium by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar is not possible for some reasons or other, it is however clarified that the Company shall not be at risk for animals whose insurance premium, if not or could not be adjusted from and against the said deposit premium for exhaustion of such deposit. Further, the Chief District Veterinary Officer of the concerned district have to advise the insurer to cover animals against the deposit premium only within the end of the month, in which month the purchase of the animals is made and failing which the Company shall not be, at risk whatsoever and all other animals not so declared shall be treated un-insured. Whenever at the end of the financial year any subsidy amount paid as advance remains unadjusted, the same will be refunded to the CEO, OLRDS by the concerned Insurance Company after closure of the scheme. 7. Identification: The Insurance Companies shall provide ear tags and adequate number of applicators (atleast one/block) within 7 days of signing of this agreement. If the tag falls out, the Insurance Company should be informed immediately and fresh tagging shall be conducted for which Rs.17/-is to be deducted from the Advance Deposit of OLRDS. Details of such identification provided Details of such identification provided shall be furnished in the Insurance proposal form as also in the Veterinary Health Certificate along with details of other natural identification marks such as colour of skin, age, height etc. 8. Veterinary Examination: All veterinary services for examination and certification about health of the animal shall be provided free of cost by the Govt. and/or implementing Agency both at the time of acceptance of risk as also in the event of a claim on the formats provided by the Insurance Company. No fee shall be paid to the VAS/AVAS/Veterinary Officer/DDO by the Insurer or the beneficiary. A copy of the health certificate or Death Certificate as the case may be duly signed by the authorized VD/VAS/AVAS shall be forwarded by the Chief District Veterinary Officer to the Insurance Company along with the proposal form or the claim form respectively. 9. Commencement of Risk: Under the policy Cover, risk automatically attaches from the time the premium is DEPOSITED along with necessary documents money receipt is issued and shall continue to operate even during the transit of the animal either by Road or Rail without any additional premium up to 8 Kms. Distance. If transit is for more than 8 Kms. within the State, an additional 1% shall be charged. 1. Procedure envisaged for operating this cover: A valuation chart for costing of an animal to be insured has been prepared by OLRDS for reference of the field VAS/AVAS. The chart would contain various broad parameters like Breed, Age, No of calving, parity, Health condition, physical deformity etc. for valuation of the animal. However animal wise valuation would be done jointly by the beneficiary and the local VAS/AVAS, as the company has not engaged any agents and the rate quoted is on non commission basis. The proposal form (the schedule) for insurance under this scheme shall be completed by beneficiaries at the time of insurance of the animal and shall be submitted to the Insurance Company along with the Health Certificate issued by VAS/AVAS as authorized. Accordingly 5% of the premium cost will be collected by the VAS/AVAS from the interested beneficiary and a copy of the filled in schedule form will be handed over by the VAS/AVAS on

175 the spot as a token of receipt. Further one photograph of the beneficiary along with his/her animal will be taken after enrollment of the animal under the scheme. A sum of Rs 2/- per animal will be provided to the concern VAS/AVAS through CDVOs for this purpose from publicity head. Moreover a cow-card will be provided to each farmer mentioning the details of the animal and about the Livestock Insurance. 11. Arbitration: In case of any dispute arising out of this between the OLRDS and the Insurance Company, the Commissioner-Cum-Secretary, F&ARD, Government of Odisha will be the sole arbitrator and his decision will be final for redressal of the dispute. All legal disputes are subjected to Bhubaneswar jurisdiction only. In case of any delay/default in settlement of genuine claims, the Insurance Company shall be liable to pay on demand penalty/interest as per IRDA guideline. In case of any dispute, the livestock policy condition will prevail upon the MOU. Livestock policy cover will be issued by the Insurance Company to the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar. Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar WITNESS Signed on behalf of

176 ANNEXURE-15.2 Organization of pathapranta natak under Livestock Insurance Scheme ORGANISATION OF PATHAPRANTA NATAK IN PURI/KHURDA//CUTTACK/JAGATSINGHPUR/KENDRAPADA/KEONJHAR/ BARGARH/ SAMBALPUR /MAYURBHANJ DISTRICTS UNDER LIVESTOCK INSURANCE SCHEME FOR THE YEAR This agreement is reached between Secretary-cum- Director M/s Priyadarshini Dance, Music and Natak Samaj 361/A, GGP Colony, Rasulgarh, Bhubaneswar and Chief Executive Officer, Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS) located at OBPI campus, Bhubaneswar for organizing Pathapranta Natak in Puri /Khurdha /Cuttack /Jagatsinghpur /Kendrapada /Keonjhar /Bargarh /Sambalpur /Mayurbhanj districts under Livestock Insurance Scheme w.e.f The Pathapranta Natak will be organized stating therein the present rates, terms and conditions of the programme. WHEREAS Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS by a proposal and declaration as stated therein which shall be the basis of this contract and is deemed to be incorporated, here in has applied to the Secretary cum Director, M/s Priyadarshini Dance, Music and Natak Samaj has agreed to receive a total of Rs3.6 lakhs (Rupees three lakh sixty thousand only) through cheque or DD after completion of 72 nos of Pathapranta Natak in 9 districts of state as per the action plan at Annexure-I. NOW THIS PROGRAMME WITNESSTH that subject to the terms, exceptions and conditions contained herein or endorsed hereon or as contained in the attached agreement or endorsed thereon. The period of agreement The Agreement shall be valid for a period from to , All the programmes sponsored by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar for the 9 selected districts namely Puri/ Khurda /Cuttack/ Jagatsinghpur /Kendrapada/Keonjhar/Bargarh/Sambalpur/Maurbhanj subject to 8 no of programmes per district, under Livestock Insurance Scheme for the year The programme should be conducted as per the approved Unit cost per programme. Terms & Conditions of Agreement for organization of Pathapranta Natak The programme will be executed in Puri/ Khurda /Cuttack/ Jagatsinghpur /Kendrapada/Keonjhar/Bargarh/Sambalpur/Maurbhanj distrcts. Total 72 nos of Pathapranta Natak will be organized in the above selected 8 no of programmes per district. The programme should be organized at public places involving the PRI members and the concerned VAS/AVAS of the concerned GP. The approved unit cost of the programme is Rs 5/- per programme.

177 The detail schedule of the programme should be done in consultation with the CDVO of the concerned district coming under Livestock Insurance Scheme The consent of the programme should be countersigned by the concerned CDVOs of the district as per the prescribed format given by OLRDS. (Annexure-II) The programme should be completed within 31 st March-212. The CDs and photographs of the programme should be submitted to OLRDS for future reference. Arbitration: In case of any dispute arising out of this between the OLRDS and the M/s Priyadarshini Dance, Music and Natak Samaj, the Commissioner-Cum-Secretary, F&ARD, Government of Odisha will be the sole arbitrator and his decision will be final for redressal of the dispute. All legal disputes are subjected to Bhubaneswar jurisdiction only. Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar Signed on behalf of WITNESS 1. 1.

178 ANNEXURE-15.3 Agreement for Calf Rearing Scheme CALF MASTER POLICY FOR FEMALE CB CALVES OF BENIFICIARIES OF 27 DISTRICTS OF ORISSA FOR GENETIC UPGRADATION OF CATTLE AND FEMALE CROSSBRED CALF REARING UNDER RKVY This agreement is reached between DIVISIONAL MANAGER, UNITED INDIA INSURANCE COMPANY LTD., DIVISIONAL OFFICE- II, OCHC BUILDING, BLOCK- A - 1 ST FLOOR), KHARBELA NAGAR, UNIT-3, BHUBANESWAR-7511 and CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, ORISSA LIVESTOCK RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY (OLRDS) located at OBPI campus, Bhubaneswar for underwriting calf insurance under Calf Rearing Scheme w.e.f The Master Policy will be issued stating there in the present rates, terms and conditions of the policy. WHEREAS the insured / Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS by a proposal and declaration as stated therein which shall be the basis of this contract and is deemed to be incorporated, here in has applied to the company for the insurance hereinafter contained and has paid or agreed to pay the subsidy part of the premium through Cash Deposit as 1% of consideration for such insurance. (A) NOW THIS POLICY WITNESSETH that subject to the terms, exceptions and conditions contained herein or endorsed hereon or as contained in the attached Agreement or endorsed thereon, the Company shall indemnify the insured against pecuniary loss sustained as a result of the death occurs during the period of insurance of any female CB calves described in the schedule from accident (inclusive of Fire, Snake bite, Lightning, Flood, Cyclone, Strike & Riot) or surgical operation or diseases contracted/or occurring during the period of insurance subject to vaccination against diseases. SCHEDULE Name:-Chief Executive Officer, Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society Address:- OBPI campus,bhubaneswar-7513 Various beneficiaries as identified by the Chief District Veterinary Officer in entire areas of 27 Districts of Orissa except Sundargarh, Kandhamal, Deogarh districts. The detail district wise target is enclosed at Annexure-1 Period of Agreement: From: to [to be renewed on mutual consent] DESCRIPTION OF ANIMAL INSURED As priority is given to female CB calves born from ND cows owned by one beneficiary, hence there is no upper limit of booking CB female calves born from ND cows of one owner, where as only one female CB calf born from CB cows of one owner will be booked under the scheme. Valuation and Sum Insured (A) The minimum and the maximum sum assured for insured CB calves within the age group of 4-5 months to months are fixed Rs.6/- to 75/-respectively. Premium: As per the Agreement, Rs15. per calf. Duration: Date of Agreement to and renewed on mutual consent.

179 Location of the farm or place where the animals are stabled: As furnished in the statement of declaration submitted by the Chief District Veterinary Officers (CDVOs) of the 27 districts of Orissa except Sundargarh, Kandhmal, and Deogarh (Normally at Beneficiaries house). Special Condition: Warranted that the female CB calves be in sound health and free from injury, diseases andimpairment, whatsoever, at the commencement of the insurance. (B) The liability of the Company in respect of any animal shall not exceed the, Sum Insured set against such animal or Rs.75/- whichever is less and shall not exceed the valuation table in the schedule as enclosed at Annexure-II. This policy DOES NOT COVER (unless expressly agreed to by the Company in writing) death directly or indirectly due to or arising out of or resulting from: m) Malicious or willful injury or neglect, over loading, unskillful treatment or use of animal for purpose other than stated in the policy without the consent of the Company in writing. n) Accidents occurring and /or Diseases contracted prior to commencement of risk. o) Intentional slaughter of the animal except in cases where destruction is necessary to terminate incurable suffering on humane consideration on the basis of certificate issued by qualified Veterinarian or in cases where destruction is resorted to be the order of lawfully constituted authority. p) Transport by air or sea. q) Transit beyond 8 Kms. By road or rail, not on foot within the State can be covered by charging additional premium of 1% in case of transfer of animal to new owner during currency of the policy. r) Theft and/or clandestine sale of the insured animal. s) War, Invasion, act of foreign enemy, hostilities (whether war be declared or not), civil war, rebellion, revolution, insurrection, mutiny, tumult, military or usurped power or any consequence thereof or attempt threat. t) Any accident, loss, destruction, damage or legal liability directly or indirectly caused by or contributed to or arising from nuclear material. u) Claim arising due to disease contracted within 15 days from the date of Risk. v) Claim received without ear tags w) Consequential loss of any nature. x) One month notice should be given with sufficient reasonable reasons by the either party for cancellation of agreement. (C) Conditions to be adhere to be insured: 1. If there be any incorrect or untrue statements in the proposal herein referred to or if the insured has not stated any material fact or circumstances at the time of proposal or afterwards or at the commencement of the risk hereunder or on any alteration or extension or renewal of this policy or on the insured making any claim hereunder or insured shall make any false or fraudulent claim or shall fail to observe and perform the terms & conditions here of, the contract shall be void and all premiums paid hereon shall be forfeited to the Company. 2. Every animal must be in sound health and free from any injury at the time of insurance. The female CB calves have to be successfully inoculated against B.Q and Foot & Mouth Disease

180 &other infectious diseases at the time of insurance and this shall be mentioned in the Veterinary Health Certificate, other prescribed inoculations/ Vaccinations are to be followed in respect of the animals insured as per our policy condition. Failure to comply with shall render claims nonstandard ones. 3. The Insured shall cause every animal insured to have sufficient and proper feed, water and shelter and have the same care and attention as if not insured. 4. The Insured shall give immediate notice in writing to the policy issuing office through the CDVOs to the Insurance Company of any illness or lameness or accident or injury to any animal insured and shall at his own expense, get the animal properly treated. 5. The Insured shall permit any authorized representative of the Company at all times to inspect the animals and the premises of insured as also to investigate into the death of the Insured animal and the insured shall furnish any information which the Company may require besides complying with all reasonable regulations and directives from time to time made and given by the Company. 6. Any change in the status of the insured animal shall have to be notified to the Insurance Company immediately. In case of Transfer of Interest: Provided previous notice in writing is given to the Company, a policy may be transferred to an approved new owner subject to collection of Transfer fee of Rs.5/- from the new owner. 7. Claim Procedure -: In the event of the death of the insured female CB calves, Member beneficiaries shall give notice thereof to the Local VAS/AVAS of the Department immediately and intimation shall be made to the Insurance Company within 7 days of the occurance by FAX/ E- mail/ Letter addressed to the United India Insurance Company Co.Ltd Divisional Office-II,OCHC Building, A-Block (1 st Floor) Kharvela Nagar, Unit-3,Bhubaneswar-7511, Telephone No and Fax No through the concerned CDVOs of the district. The VAS/AVAS should intimate the Policy No., Ear Tag No., date of death, name and address of the beneficiary. ID is pratapmallick@uiic.co.in/pitamberbehera@uiic.co.in The Insured concerned shall also furnish the following within 3 days from the date of occurrence the following: x) Duly completed and signed claim form along with the ear tag of the died animal. xi) Certificate of death from a qualified Govt. Veterinarian in Company s Form. xii) Post Mortem Report, Compulsory by a Govt. Veterinarian. xiii) Photograph of the deceased animal. xiv) Submission of Ear Tag without which the claim will not be settled subject to their declaration from the VAS that they have seen the carcass and Ear tag number. xv) The beneficiary shall acknowledge the receipt of claim procedure statement at the time of policy issuance. The claim shall be settled within 15 working days from the date of receipt of all above documents by the Insurance Company. Note: a) The Insurance Company will keep the formats like Claim form & death certificate (at least 5nos.) at the CDVOs in advance, which will be given to the concerned VAS/AVAS for completion of the formalities. b) The Insurance Company reserves the right to investigate into any claim wherever deemed necessary.

181 c) All the papers related to the claims are duly acknowledged and routed through the concerned CDVOs of the district. d) Pre-numbered ear tags are to be tagged to the calves by AVAS/VAS e) Insurance will be valid for those calves whose schedules will be sent to the Insurance Company. Mere registration with feed supplying agency or ear tagging will not fulfill the coverage of calves under Insurance. 8. On receipt of the duly signed claim form, death certificate, Post Mortem report, ear tag of the deceased animal routed through the CDVOs, claim will be processed and the claim amount in shape of cheque in the name of the beneficiary (owner of the animal) will be sent to the concerned CDVOs of the district and the same will be disbursed to the concerned beneficiary immediately. 9. No Commission is paid on the premium as the rate quoted at per Govt. scheme rate. 1. If and when any claim under this policy is made and if there is any other insurance covering the same animal the Company shall contribute only its ratable proportion. 11. If death of the animals/here by insured, shall be due to the negligence, carelessness or wrong doing of any person, the insured shall not claim or accept any compensation from such person or persons, but shall at the expenses of, the Company, do and concur in doing and permit to be done, all such acts and things as may be necessary or reasonably required by the Company for the purposes of enforcing any rights and remedies or of obtaining relief or indemnity from other parties to which the Company shall be or would become entitled or subrogated, upon its paying for or making good and loss or damage under this policy, whether such acts and things shall be or become necessary or required before or after his indemnification by the Company. The Company will indemnify the insured against all costs and expenses so incurred with its written consent. 11. Cancellation clause for Policy: The Company may cancel the Policy by sending seven days notice by recorded delivery to the Insured at insured s last known address and in such event will return to the Insured the premium paid less the pro rata portion there of for the period the Policy has been in force. Or The policy may be cancelled at any time by the Insured on seven days notice by recorded delivery in which case, however, the Insured shall not be entitled for any refund of premium. CALF INSURANCE MASTER POLICY AGREEMENT (Forming part of Master Policy No :...) 1.A) Scope of Agreement: As per the terms and conditions of the policy this agreement covers the various beneficiaries as Identified under Calf Rearing Scheme launched by Govt. of Orissa for all the districts of Orissa state (except Sundargarh, Deogarh, Kandhamal) B) This agreement shall be with specific reference to: i) Calves 2. Definitions: Calves - Calves shall refer to female offspring born out of Cross Bred/Non Descriptive cow with AI using pure bred/cross bred exotic semen. Period of Agreement:

182 The Agreement shall be valid for a period of 1 year from to can be renewed thereafter with mutual consent of both the parties. All the animals sponsored by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar for the 27 districts of Orissa. As priority is given to female CB calves born from ND cows owned by one beneficiary, hence there is no upper limit of booking CB female calves born from ND cows of one owner, where as only one female CB calf born from CB cows of one owner will be booked under the scheme. Replacements as and when introduced are to be informed to the Insurance Company for adequate coverage. 3. Age Group: Calves: months 4. Premium Rates: (All Rates are net) Calves within age 4-32 Rs 15. per calf. 5.Sum Insured: As per valuation chart attached at Annexure II, for the age of calf from 4 32 months, the value of calf varies from Rs.6/- to Rs.75/- respectively. 6. (i) Payment of Premium: In view of the provisions in the Sec.64 VB of the Insurance Act, that full premium should be paid before the Insurance cover takes effect. Therefore a sufficient amount of Deposit Premium shall be kept by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar as advance with our Bhubaneswar Branch, which should suffice to cover the premium for the animals. ii) Premium Deposit: It is agreed between the two parties that the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar shall make an initial Deposit of Rs.16,2,/-(Rupees Sixteen Lakh Twenty Thousand ) only i.e 25% of total Premium cost (premium rate + cost of ear tag per calf) with the insurer and the said deposit shall be adjusted to the insurance premium payable during the coverage period to cover the animals of the beneficiaries of all the 27 Districts under Calf Rearing Scheme, Govt. of Orissa such cases where instant remittance of premium by the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar is not possible for some reasons or other. The rest of the advance premiums would be placed on quarterly basis subject to adequate physical progress under the scheme. It is however clarified that the Company shall not be at risk for animals whose insurance premium, if not or could not be adjusted from and against the said deposit premium for exhaustion of such deposit. Whenever at the end of the financial year any premium amount paid as advance remains unadjusted the same will be refunded to the Chief Executive Officer before the close of the month September and or can be carried forward to the next financial year with the consent of the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, and Bhubaneswar. iii) Progress Report The United India Insurance Co. Ltd will submit the Progress report in soft and hard copy in the prescribed format given in Annexure-III to OLRDS on quarterly basis for proper monitoring and evaluation of the scheme. 7. Identification: The Insurance Companies shall provide sufficient logistics (ear tags, applicators & schedules) within 7 days of signing of this agreement. If required the insurer can also procure the applicators from the Insurance Company as per the terms and conditions.

183 8. If tag falls/lost: If the tag falls out, the Insurance Company should be informed immediately by the concerned AVAS/VAS through the concerned CDVOs and fresh tagging shall be conducted. Details of such identification provided shall be furnished in the Insurance proposal form as also in the Veterinary Health Certificate along with details of other natural identification marks such as colour of skin, age, height etc. 9. Veterinary Examination: All veterinary services for examination and certification about health of the animal shall be provided free of cost by the Govt. and/or implementing Agency both at the time of acceptance of risk as also in the event of a claim on the formats provided by the Insurance Company. No fee shall be paid to the VAS/AVAS/Veterinary Officer/DDO by the Insurer or the beneficiary. A copy of the health certificate or Death Certificate as the case may be duly signed by the authorized VAS/AVAS shall be forwarded by the concerned CDVOs to the Insurance Company along with the proposal form or the claim form respectively. 9. Commencement of Risk: Under the Master Cover, risk automatically attaches from the time the premium is DEPOSITED along with necessary documents money receipt is issued and shall continue to operate even during the transit of the animal either by Road or Rail without any additional premium up to 8 Kms. Distance. If transit is for more than 8 Kms. within the State, an additional 1% shall be charged. 1. Procedure envisaged for operating this cover: The Proposal cum-schedule, which is the basis of insurance, must be accompanied mandatory with health certificate by VAS/AVAS and the same are to be duly acknowledged and forwarded by the CDVOs of the concerned district to the insurer. 11. Arbitration: In case of any dispute arising out of this, between the OLRDS and the Insurance Company, the Commissioner-cum-Secretary, F&ARD, Department, Government of Odisha will be the sole arbitrator and his decision will be final for redressal of the dispute. 12. Jurisdiction: All legal disputes are subjected to Bhubaneswr jurisdiction only. 13. Delay/ Default Settlement: In case of any delay / default in settlement of genuine claims,the Insurnce Company shall be liable to pay on demand.5% per day of the claim amount by way of penalty. Master policy cover will be issued by the Insurance Company to the Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar. Chief Executive Officer, OLRDS, Bhubaneswar In the presence of: Divisional Manager, United India Insurance Co.Ltd. In the presence of: (Name and Adress) (Name and Adress)

184 ANNEXURE-15.4 MEDICINE SUPPLY Agreement for Supply of Goods ( Medicines) THIS AGREEMENT made this.. day of BETWEEN M/s. (hereinafter called the Registered Supplier, 2 nd Party. WHEREAS the Director wants to purchase the goods (Medicines) mentioned in different schedule. 1 st Party. NOW THESE PRESENT WITNESS AND IT IS HEREBY AGREED AS FOLLOWS: 1. That the goods shall be essence of the contract and the supplier shall supply the goods in the schedule completely so as to make delivery at destination place as mentioned in the purchase order on or before the date fixed failure to do which will entitle the Director to rescind the contract immediately. The Director reserves the right to extend the time period for delivery of goods or amendment of any clause of contract. 2. That the goods shall be of the specifications and price mentioned against each. Any variation on inspection will entitle the Director to refuse the consignments either in whole or in part, as the case may be, the whole, if the part renders it useless. 3. That the goods shall be inspected at Directorate, AH & VS, Odisha, Cuttack in the presence of the officers of both parties duly authorized in that behalf on a day fixed in a notice by either of the parties, provided such day is not postponed for more than a period of two months after the date given in the notice. Default by the Supplier shall disentitle him to raise any objection subsequently to the result of inspection made by the Director in his absence and claim any compensation on that account. 4. That the Supplier shall guarantee durability/ Expiry of the goods for a period of 12 months from the date of completion of supplies and installation in the case of machineries and any damage, done to the goods in the usual course of use or any deficiency, detected in them subsequent to such completion and installation and during the period aforesaid shall be made good to render due service at the cost of the Supplier within a period of two months from the date of receipt of the notice in that behalf and no decision shall be taken by the Supplier or any person on his behalf as to the defects or deficiency without notice to the Director failure to do so shall be deemed that the Supplier has no intention to discharge the obligation and thereupon the amount of security, deposited separately or withhold from his bill, shall stand forfeited to the Director. The Supply of goods other than machineries shall be deemed to be complete only after final approval by the officer duly authorized on inspection whose decision shall be final and in case of machineries exactly in the same manner and installation which would include test working for 7 (seven) days.

185 5. The Goods shall be duly packed and insured by the Supplier for transit and be dispatched at the risk of the carriers and the Director shall not be responsible for any loss or damage during the transit or at any time prior to inspection and approval. 6. That the price of goods shall be paid on the completion of the supplies as per clauses of Tender. 7. That any damage or deficiency if not removed during the stipulated period by the Supplier may be removed by the Director at his cost to be reimbursed by the Supplier. Any amount payable to the Director hereunder shall be recovered as public demand under the Odisha Public Demand Recovery Act, 1963 and shall bear 6% interest per annum till certificate for recovery is filed. 8. That the supplier deposited the amount towards earnest money at the time of tender for due performance of the covenants hereof and such money shall be forfeited to the Director in case of breach of all or any of the covenants. 9. The validity period of Tender shall be in force a period of 12 months as per norms of the Tender or may be extended to more than one year maximum three years subject to approval of Govt. as per FD circular No.4939 dt generally the norms of clauses of Tender shall be followed strictly. 1. If the price rate of supplied items detected abnormal high the supplier shall be liable to refund the excess amount in case of payment made. 11. That any dispute arising hereunder shall be resolved in the following manner that in details discussion amicably among both the parties. 12. This agreement shall be seized on date of receipt of any adverse from any investigating Agencies. 13. That is duly authorized in the order in File No. V-1/ 211 (PF) at 59/ NS dated by the Director and on behalf of the Registered supplier to execute the deed. 14. The cause of action hereunder shall always be deemed to arise at Cuttack jurisdiction. 15. That the stamp duty shall be borne by the Supplier. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties hereto have signed this deed this day 17th of March 212 mentioned against the signature of each in the presence of Accounts Officer- witness. Regd. Supplier D I R E C T O R

186 AGREEMENT OF SERVICE PROVIDER ANNEXURE-15.5