CHAPTER II DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY IN ANDHRA PRADESH

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1 CHAPTER II DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY IN ANDHRA PRADESH 42

2 DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY IN ANDHRA PRADESH Introduction Bovines play a very important role in the development of rural economy of India. This is particularly true of Andhra Pradesh where 73% of total population lives in rural areas. There are 20 million cattle and buffaloes which pull carts and plough, produce milk and are an asset to their owners by providing employment and income. The organized milk procurement through the integrated milk project was initiated in Andhra Pradesh from 1970 onwards. The interest of the Animal Husbandry Department in comprehensive information on bovine keeping and dairying in Andhra Pradesh to support planning and policy making was discussed with Indo-Swiss Project Andhra Pradesh and with Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation. Subsequently the study on bovine and dairy development in Andhra Pradesh was initiated in December 1991 with the overall goal to contribute to the formulation of policies and to programme implementation in the bovine and dairy sector of Andhra Pradesh. Andhra Pradesh is the fifth largest state in India with a geographical area of 27.5 million hectares (8.4%). The area under cultivation is 10.4 million hectares which accounts for 38% of the geographical area of A.P. While the same in the country is 43 percent. The state has 9.4% of the adult female cattle and buffalo population of India. In terms of milk production the state contributes only 5.8%. Milch animal s productivity is thus quite low in A.P. The Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation (APDDCF) has been the major force in increasing milk production, organizing milk marketing and encouraging milk producers. Till 1960 dairy development was a minor subject in Andhra 43

3 Pradesh and was attached to the Animal Husbandry Department (AHD). The main activity was to promote milk producers cooperative societies. It gained importance when government decided to intervene in urban milk supply. The subsequent developments were as follows. In a pilot milk supply scheme and in 1994 the Integrated Milk Project was implemented by AHD. This project aimed at organizing milk procurement around the cities of Hyderabad and Vijayawada and selling in these cities. In 1970 the Dairy Development Department was installed and its creation was necessitated by the already expanded activities under the Integrated Milk Project. The organization expended its activities to other cities like Visakhapatnam and Rajahmundry. In 1974 Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Corporation was installed. The Govt. of India advised state Government to create an enterprise in the public sector and accordingly the Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation was created. In 1981 Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation was created through conversion of Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative. First two five year plans: The animal health coverage strengthened by starting more dispensaries, Crossbreeding Scheme. All India crossbreeding scheme was started at Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam. In 1963 an institution was started at Nidubroulu to meet the specialized training in Artificial Insemination and animal gynecology. The Chief Minister N. Kirankumar reddy who is very much particular to develop the dairy sector in the state directed the officials to launch the Rs. 6,000 crore schemes. He said Andhra Pradesh has vast opportunities to develop the dairy sector and what we need is coordinated efforts from all departments concerned like Banks, Rural 44

4 Development Agencies, NREGS, Govt. of India, SERP and National Rural Livelihood Mission etc. Andhra Pradesh is the second largest milk producer state in the country. In , Andhra Pradesh produced lakh liters per day compared to the national total of 2, lakh liters per day. Andhra Pradesh milk production during recorded an annual average growth rate of 8.2%. While the milk production in was lakh liters per day (LLPD). Average milk yield per day was 3.8 liters and the per capita milk production was only gms. The target is to increase the milk production to LLPD and per capita milk production to 426 gms. Andhra Pradesh stands first in buffalo population with 6959 lakh MTs of annual milk production. Presently about 24 lakh families in Andhra Pradesh are directly depending on livestock rearing for their livelihood. The contribution of this sector to GSDP is 7.29 percent. Twenty six mobile veterinary clinics have been sanctioned during to provide animal health care in remote areas of the state. A mass vaccination programme involving Rs.2.28 crore has been taken up in 5 districts of the state (Hyderabad, Rangareddy, Medak, Anantapur and Chittor). Government vaccine production units are modernized with an outlay of Rs.8.15 crore during the year In the animal husbandry department planned to introduce 15 mobile veterinary clinics. The budget estimate for animal husbandry for was Rs crore. The Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation Limited is doing milk procurement operations in 11districts. The milk procurement increased from 1.29 lakh liters per day in to 3.25 lakh liters per day in with an absolute 45

5 difference of 1.96 lakh liters per day registering a positive growth of 152%. The farmer s income which was Rs.46 crore in increased to Rs. 197 crore in The federation established 210 Bulk Milk Cooling Units up to The buffalo milk purchase price increased from Rs 170/- per Kg with fat in 2004 to Rs. 340/- per Kg with fat in While the cow milk purchase price increased from Rs.70/- Kg with total solids in 2004 to Rs.125/- Kg with total solids in The milk sale by APDDCF Ltd increased from 2.95 lakh liters per day in to 3.5 lakh liters per day in The livestock development has attained the status of an Agro-based industry generating economic growth, gainful employment and livelihood to many weaker sections in the state. Small and marginal farmers and landless poor contributing to 62% of total milk production own 70% of livestock in Andhra Pradesh. Women provide nearly 60% of livestock farming labour. The per capita availability of milk increased from 168 gms per day in to 286 gms per day in During the period from 2003 to 2007 the cattle population was increased by 19.09%. There was an increase of 61.69% in crossbred cattle and 26.63% in nondescript cattle. Adult female crossbred cattle was increased by 63.75% between 2003 and 2007, buffalo population by 23.25%. There was an increase of 83.06% in graded buffalo s population and 39.13% in nondescript buffaloes. The number of adult female graded buffaloes was increased by 35.48%. In the milk production in the state was 95, 69,485 MTs consisting 8.82% of the total milk production in the country and attained second position in milk production in the country. The livestock sector contributes Rs.23, 993 crore (6.46%) to the total GSDP of the state and Rs.3, 71,229 crore at current prices of The 46

6 contribution of milk to livestock sector was Rs.12, 207 crore (51%). Out of this an amount of Rs.3, 203 crore came from cow milk and Rs.9002 crore from buffalo milk. District- Wise Demographic Characteristics Table 2.1 shows district wise area, bovine population, livestock population and human population. The geographical area of Anantapur district is large i.e sqkm and that of Hyderabad is small i.e. 217 sqkm. The total area of A.P. is sqkm. The bovine population in Warangal district is high i.e , while the same of Hyderabad is low i.e The bovine population of Anantapur district is (6 th position). The density of bovine is high at 160 per sqkm in Srikakulam district and low at 44 per sqkm in Kadapa district. Anantapur district stood at 18 th place with 71 bovine population persqkm. In A.P. Bovine density per sqkm is 89. Total livestock in Mahabubnagar district is (large), low at in Hyderabad district. With livestock, Anantapur district stood in 2nd place. While the total livestock in A.P. is Livestock density per sqkm is high at 336 in Mahabubnagar district, while the same is low at 127 in East Godavari district. But the livestock density per sqkm in A.P. is 299. As per 2001 census the human population of East Godavari district is high at and that of Vizianagaram district is low at Anantapur district with the population of got 8 th position. The total population of Andhra Pradesh is Number of livestock per human in A.P. is Large number of livestocper human is 1.76 in Mahabubnagar district and low at 0.02 in Hyderabad district. In Anantapur district the number of livestock per human is

7 Table 2.1 District- Wise Demographic and Bovine Characteristics in Andhra Pradesh Bovines Total Livestock Human No. of Area Density Density Population Livestock District (in sq Km) Population (per sq Km) Population (per sq Km) 2001 per Human Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda A.P Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

8 Trends in Milch Animal Population The trends in milch animal population in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.2. Here milch animals include cows and she buffaloes. In 1956 there were 38 lakh (56 %) cows and 29 lakh (44 %) she buffaloes, by 2007 the population of milch cows was 36 lakh (34 %) and that of she buffaloes was 70 lakh (66 %). Table 2.2 Trends in Milch animal Population in Andhra Pradesh (Figures in Lakhs) Year Cows Growth She Buffaloes Growth (56) (44) (57) (43) (57) (43) (54) (46) (53) (47) (51) (49) (44) (56) (39) (61) (35) (65) (33) (67) (34) (66) Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & Note: Figures in brackets are percentages to milch animals It reveals that the percentage share of cows declined and that of she buffaloes significantly increased. It is also evident that the growth in milch animals from one census year to another census year is fluctuating. In 1977 (-2.38), 1987 (-18.18), 1993 ( ) and 1999 (-3.33), the growth in milch cows was negative, but in the case of she 48

9 buffaloes the growth was positive in all census years and the same ranged from 4.65 % in 1987 to % in The population of she buffaloes is increasing due to high price for buffalo milk and the farmers need not take special care to maintain she buffaloes. Cow Population Category-wise and census-wise cow population in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table 2.3. The number of Cross breed cows in 1993 under one year was (23.71%), (17.30%) under years, (40.66%) in milk, (13.71%) dry, (4.02%) not yet calved and 2160 (0.57%) others. In 1993 the total is (7.98%). By 2007, under one year is (23.48%), years was (14.75%), in milk (43.11 %), in dry (12.46%), not yet calved (4.88%), others was (1.30%) and the total Crossbreed cows was (26.37%) The number of Nondescript cows in 1993 under one year was (17.43%), 1-3years was (18.20%), in milk (29.12%), in dry was (20.71%), not yet calved (5.51%) and others (9.00%). In 1993 the total female ND cattle was (92.01%) and the total female cows was By 2007 under one year there were (20.38%), under 1-3 years (16.38%), in milk (36.79%), in dry (16.88%), not yet calved (6.58%) and others (2.96%). The total ND cattle in 2007 was (73.62), and total female cows were It is evident that the percent of CB cows in milk rose to 40.66% in 2003 to 43.11% in 2007 and also total CB cows from 7.98% in 2003 to 26.37% in 2007 and the percentage of ND cows in milk raised to 29.12% in 2003 to % in While the 49

10 total female ND cattle decreased from % in 2003 to 73.62% in It also indicates that the population of CB cows was less than (27%) that of ND Cows (73%). 50

11 Category Cows (CB) Census year Table 2.3 Category-Wise and Census Wise Cow Population Growth I)Under one year II )Under years III )Over 2.5 years a)in milk b)dry c)not yet calved d)others Total CB Cows Cows (ND) I ) Under one year II )Under 1-3 years III )Over 3 years a)in milk b)dry c)not yet calved d)others Total FM ND Cattle Total Cows Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

12 Category- Wise and Census Wise Buffalo Population Table 2.4 shows the category wise and census wise buffalo population in Andhra Pradesh. It indicates that in the year 1993 under one year buffalo population was (23.11%), in 1-3years buffaloes (15.05%), over 3 years buffalo population in milk was (40.92 %), in dry was (16.27%) not yet calved buffalo population was (3.4%) and other buffalo population was (1.20%). In 1993 the total buffalo population was Category She Buffaloes Table 2.4 Category-Wise and Census Wise Buffalo Population Census year Growth I)Under one year II)1-3 years III)Over 3 years a) In milk b)dry c)not yet calved d)others IV)Total she buffaloes Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & By 2007, under one year buffalo population was (22.14%), between 1-3 years the buffalo population was (14.86%), over 3years in milk buffalo population was (41.94%), dry buffalo population (13.80%), not yet calved buffalo population was (5.68%), other buffalo population was (1.55%), and the total buffalo population was in It reveals that from 1993 to 2007 the share of buffaloes in milk population was more than 40 % to total 52

13 buffalo population and growth also positive in different categories but in two categories there was negative growth i.e., -0.59% in dry buffalo population, and under one year buffalo population -0.37% during Classification of Districts according to Percentage share of Crossbreed Classification of districts according to the percentage share of Crossbreed in total cattle population in 2007 is shown in Table 2.5. It is observed that the percentage share of crossbreed in Mahabubnagar, Khamamm, Medak, Nizamabad, Guntur, Kurnnol, Prakasam, Nalgona and Warangal districts to total cattle population was less than 10 percent. The percentage share of CB in total cattle population falls between 10 and 25 percent in Krishna, Nellore, Kurnnool, Kadapa, Anantapur, Rangareddy and Karimnagar districts. While the share of C.B. was between 25 & 40 percent in Visakhapatnam, East Godavari and West Godavari districts. The percentage of C.B. ranged from 40 & 50% in Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts. The percentage of CB is grater than 50% in Chittor and Hyderabad districts. The highest share of CB was in Chittor district and the lowest share was in Kurnnool district. Table 2.5 Classification of Districts According to Percentage share of Crossbred in total Cattle Population Share of CB (In %) Less than Districts Guntur, Prakasam, Kurnnool, Mahabubnagar, Kammam,Medak,Nizamabad, Adilabad, Nalgonda,Warangal Krishna, Nellore,Kadapa, Anantapur,Rangareddy, Karimnagar Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari Srikakulam,Vizianagaram Above 50 Chittor,Hyderabad Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

14 Households Possessing Livestock Table 2.6 shows the district wise, rural and urban wise number of households possessing livestock in Andhra Pradesh. East Godavari district has large number of rural households (908233), while Rangareddy district has least number of rural households (358647). Rural wise there are huge number of households possessing livestock in Warangal district (533146) and lowest number of households possessing livestock in Rangareddy District (185097). In Anantapur district the number of households is (7 th position). Of them the households possessing livestock are (6 th position). Urban- wise, there are large number of households in Vizianagaram district (572852), least number (55476) in Mahabubnagar district. Urban- wise there are large number of households possessing livestock in Kadapa district (209202) and lowest number of households possessing livestock in Kurnnool district (10325). Anantapur district stood at 5 th and 6 th position in terms of number of households and households possessing livestock respectively. As far as total number of households is concerned East Godavari district stands first with households and Hyderabad district stands last with households. Anantapur district stood at sixth place with households. Rural - wise total households in A.P. are (78.06%) and urban wise total households are (21.93%). Rural wise households possessing livestock in A.P. are (91.38%) and urban wise households possessing livestock in A.P. are (8.62%). Thus the above analysis reveals that in rural areas percent of total households possess livestock. In urban areas only percent of urban households have livestock. 54

15 District Total No. of Households Table 2.6 District-wise Rural and Urban-wise number of Households Possessing Livestock Rural Urban Total Households Possessing Total No. Households Total Live of Possessing No. of stock Households Livestock Households Households Possessing Livestock Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda A.P Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

16 District- Wise Induction of Milch Animals under Pasukranti Patham District- Wise Induction of Milch Animals under Pasukranti Patham in Andhra Pradesh was shown in Table 2.7. Large number of milch animals (3540) were inducted in Nizamabad district while lowest milch animals (631) were inducted in Krishna district. Anantapur district stood at 10 th place with1900 inductions. The total milch animals inducted in the state in were Table 2.7 District- Wise Induction of Milch Animals under Pasukranti Patham District % to Total Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Total Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

17 Induction of Milch animals in % 6% 4% 2%3% 4%3% 2% 2%2% 7% 5% 9% 6% 7% 5% 6% 4% 2% 8% 4% 5% Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda 57

18 District Wise Average whole sale prices of Milch Animals District wise average whole sale prices of milch animals in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.8. The price of crossbred cows over 2.5years in milk varied from Rs in Krishna district to Rs lowest in Anantapur district. While the average price of crossbred cows is Rs The price of Nondescript cows over 3 years in milk ranged from Rs in Prakasam district to Rs.6086 in Kadapa district. The average cost of ND cow is Rs The price of Graded Murrah buffalo is high at Rs in Krishna district, and low at Rs in Chittor District. The average price of GM buffalo is Rs The price of Non Descript buffalo varied from Rs in Krishna district to Rs.7113 in Adilabad district. While the average price of ND buffaloes is Rs Anantapur district got last place with CB cow s price of Rs. 8385, 16 th place in ND cow s price of Rs.7175, 9 th place with GM buffalo price of Rs and 19 th place with ND buffalo price of Rs

19 Table 2.8 District Wise Whole Sale prices of Milch Animals in Andhra Pradesh District CB Cows Over 2.5years in Milk ND Cows Over 3years in Milk GM She Buffaloes Over 3 years in Milk ND She Buffaloes Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Average Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & Note: CB Cross Breed, ND Nondescript, GM Graded Murrah. District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Cows in A.P. District wise average whole sale prices of cows in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.9. It reveals that crossbred cow s price varied from Rs 10,000 in Chittor district to Rs.4172 in Srikakulam district. Anantapur district stood at 12 th place with Rs.5408 in By the crossbred cow s price was high at Rs in Krishna district, low at Rs.8385 in Anantapur district. The average crossbred cow s cost was at Rs The growth of crossbred cows is positive and varied from 16 to 260 percent. 59

20 District Table 2.9 District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Cows in A.P. Cross Bred Indigenous Growth Growth Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Average Source: 1.Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & th Quinquinneal Livestock Census The indigenous cow price varied form Rs.7250 in Chittor district to Rs.2401 in Srikakulam district. Anantapur district stood at 9 th place with Rs In the price of indigenous cows ranged from Rs in Prakasam district to Rs.5231 in Srikakulam district. In Anantapur district the average price of indigenous cow was Rs The growth of indigenous cows is negative in two districts i.e. Chittor (-4.30) and Kurnnool (-3.39). 60

21 District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Buffaloes in A.P District- wise whole sale prices of buffaloes in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table It explains that the price of Gradedmurrah buffalo varied from Rs.9975 in Guntur district to Rs.5000 in Anantapur district in In the highest price of Graded Murrah buffalo was at Rs in Krishna district, the lowest price was at Rs in Chittor district. Anantapur district stood at 9 th place with Rs.13, 942 District Table 2.10 District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Buffaloes in A.P. Graded Murrah Indigenous Growth Growth Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Source: 1.Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & th Quinquinneal Livestock Census Milk Production in A.P. Year wise milk production in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table In there was MTs (33%) of cow milk production, MTs (67%) of buffalo milk production and MTs of total milk production. By cow milk 61

22 production was MTs (27%), MTs of buffalo milk production (73%) and total milk production was MTs. It indicates that the share of cow milk production in total milk declined and that of buffaloes significantly increased. It is also evident that the growth in milk production from one year to another year fluctuates. For instance in the growth in cow milk production was negative, i.e , in , in and in %. The growth in buffalo milk production was negative, i.e was -5.17, -0.5 in , in , in and in the year was -4.36%, and growth in total milk was also negative in was and -2.25% in The buffalo milk production increased due to increase in buffalo population compared to cow population. Cow milk production increased from MTs in to MTs in But there is no continuous growth in cow milk production. The growth ranged from 0.46 % in to % in While buffalo milk production rose from MTs in to MTs in In this case also the growth is not steady. 62

23 Table 2.11 Year wise milk Production in Andhra Pradesh Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & (In 000MTs) Year Cow %to Growth Buffalo %to Growth Total Growth Total Total * * * 8.99 The maximum growth was recorded at % in and the lowest growth was noticed at 2.02% in The share of buffalo milk production in total milk production showed increasing trend from 62% in to 79% in The total milk production in Andhra Pradesh increased from MTs in to 63

24 MTs in It reveals that the milk production in Andhra Pradesh was raised by 5.76 times over a period from to District Wise Milk Production in A.P. District wise milk production in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table In , Guntur district with MTs of milk production was in first position, Hyderabad district with MTs was in the last place, Anantapur district with MTs was in 11 th place. Table 2.12 District Wise Milk Production in A.P. (In 000MTs) District Growth Growth Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda A.P Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

25 District- Wise Milk Production in A.P. 65 A.P. Khammam Nalgonda Warangal Karimnagar Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Districts Growth (%) Guntur West Godavari Krishna Visakhapatnam East Godavari Srikakulam Vizianagaram Lakh Liters

26 The total milk production in Andhra Pradesh was MTs in In the milk production is large i.e MTs in Prakasam district and low at 7000 MTs in Hyderabad district. While Anantapur district stood at 12 th place with MTs. The growth rate between and ranged from 6.06% in Hyderabad district to 59.35% in Prakasam district. Total milk production in Andhra Pradesh was MTs. Huge quantity of milk production was noticed in Guntur district and low was observed in Hyderabad district in In the milk production was high in Prakasam district and low in Hyderabad district. Season -Wise Milk Production Table 2.13 shows season wise milk production and average milk yield per day per animal in Andhra Pradesh. The average milk yield per non descript cow in three seasons was 2 kg, per Crossbreed cow 7 kg, per Graded Murrah buffaloes it was 6 kg. The above analysis reveals that the average milk yield is high in the case of Crossbreed and Gradedmurrah compared to Nondescript cow and buffalo. In winter season the highest average milk yield was observed in the case of Cross breed cow and in summer season the lowest average yield was noticed in the case of Graded Murrah buffaloes. In the case of nondescript cows and buffaloes the average milk yield was same in three seasons. 66

27 Table 2.13 Season -Wise Milk Production and Average Milk Yield per day per Animal in Average Milk Yield ( In Kgs ) Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow Buffalo Cow Buffalo Season ND CB GM ND ND CB Total GM ND Total Summer (28.23) (30.22) (28.96) (24.55) (28.30 (26.32) Rainy (32.74) (29.83) (31.68) (32.06) (30.11) (31.14) Winter (39.02) 411 (39.94) 1113 (39.35) 1740 (43.38) 1493 (41.58) 3233 (42.53) Annual Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & Note: Figures in brackets are percentages to total milk production. The total milk production of nondescript cows was high in winter season ( MTs), low in rainy season ( MTs). In the case of Crossbreed cows the yield was high in winter season ( MTs), low in rainy season ( MTs). While the total cow milk production was high in winter season i.e MTs, low in summer season i.e MTs. In the case of murrah buffaloes the milk production was high in winter season i.e MTs, low in summer season i.e MTs. Nondescript buffalo milk production was high in winter season ( MTs) and low in summer season ( MTs).The total buffalo milk production was high in winter season ( MTs) and low in summer season ( MTs). It indicates that the milk production was high in winter season compared to other seasons. 67

28 Milk Production in Thousand MT Season- Wise & Breed - Wise Milk Production in A.P. in Summer Rainy Winter Annual Seasons Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow ND Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow Total Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Buffalo ND Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow CB Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Buffalo GM Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Buffalo Total 68

29 District Wise and Breed Wise Cow Milk Production District- Wise and Breed wise cow milk production in Andhra Pradesh was shown in Table Milk production includes Crossbred cow milk and Indigenous cow milk. Cross breed cow milk production was high in Chittor District i.e., MTs which accounts for 21.55% of total crossbreed milk production in Andhra Pradesh and low in Adilabad district i.e., 7000 MTs accounts for just 0.38 % of total crossbreed milk production. District Table 2.14 District Wise and Breed Wise Cow Milk Production Cross Breed %to Total Indigenous %to Total Total Cow Milk Production (In 000MTs) %of Cross Breed milk %of Indigen ous Milk Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Total Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., &

30 While Indigenous cow milk production is high in Chittor district i.e MTs and the same is low in Hyderabad district i.e MTs. Of the total cow milk production in A.P. the share of Chittor district is high MTs (22.83%), low in Hyderabad i.e MTs (0.60%). Of total cow milk production the share of crossbreed milk production in East Godavari district is at 85.63%, while the share of indigenous cow milk production is high at % in Adilabad district. District Wise and Breed- Wise Buffalo Milk Production Table 2.15 shows district wise and breed wise buffalo milk production in Andhra Pradesh. Milk production includes the milk of Graded Murrah and Indigenous buffaloes. The Murrah buffalo milk production was high in Krishna district i.e.539 thousand MTs that accounts for % while Murrah milk production was low at 38 thousand MTs (0.94%) in Nizamabad district. Anantapur district stood at 16 th place with 100 thousand MTs of Graded Murrah buffalo milk production. While Indigenous buffalo milk production was high in Prakasam district i.e. 367 thousand MTs (10.22%) and it was low in Hyderabad district i.e. 8 thousand MTs (0.22%). Anantapur district stood at 10 th place with 149 thousand MTs (4.15%) of indigenous buffalo milk production. The buffalo milk production was high in two districts namely Guntur (9.63%) and Prakasam (9.63%) and low in Hyderabad district (0.69%). The share of Graded Murrah buffalo milk is high in Hyderabad district (84.90%) and low in Nizamabad district (24.35%). Anantapur district got 21 st place with 40.16%. In total buffalo milk production the percentage of Murrah buffalo milk is 52.77%. While the percentage of indigenous buffalo milk is high in Nizamabad district (75.64%) and the 70

31 same is low at 15.09% in Hyderabad district. The total share of indigenous buffalo milk production in A.P. is 47.22%. Thus the above analysis reveals that the graded Murrah buffalo milk production is more than that of indigenous buffalo milk production in A.P. District Table 2.15 District Wise and Breed Wise Buffalo Milk Production Graded Murrah %to Total Indigenous %to Total Total Buffalo Milk Production %of Graded Murrah milk (In 000MTs) %of Indigenous Milk Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Total Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & District Wise Growth of milk production in Andhra Pradesh District Wise Growth of milk production in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table Milk production includes cow milk and buffalo milk. The quantity of cow milk produced in in Chittor district was huge ( MTs) and the same was low 71

32 1000 MTs in Hyderabad. Anantapur stood at 4 th place with MTs. In the total milk production in A.P. was MTs. In also the cow milk production was huge ( MTs) in Chittor district, while the same was low (17000 MTs) in Hyderabad. In Anantapur district stood at 6 th place with MTs. In the total cow milk production in A.P. was MTs. Table 2.16 District Wise Growth of milk production in Andhra Pradesh (In 000MTs) District Cows Buffaloes % to % to % to % to 01 Total 10 Total Growth 01 Total 10 Total Growth Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Total Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & District Wise Cow Milk Production District- wise, breed-wise and season-wise cow milk production in Andhra Pradesh for is shown in Table Season-wise data reveals that the milk production in winter season is high compared to other seasons. For instance the 72

33 crossbreed cow milk production in summer season was 508 thousand MTs, in rainy season 590 thousand MTs and in winter season 701 thousand MTs out of total crossbreed cow milk production of 1798 thousand MTs in A.P. Table 2.17 District-Wise, Breed Wise and Season-Wise Cow Milk Production (In 000MTs) Cross Breed Indigenous District Summer Rainy Winter Total Summer Rainy Winter Total Grand Total Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittoor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Total Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., & District-wise data reveals that in the crossbreed cow milk production was high (496 thousand MTs) in Chittor district, followed by East Godavari district (161 thousand MTs) and Visakhapatnam district (148 thousand MTs). While the crossbreed cow milk production was least (7 thousand MTs) in Adilabad district, followed by Hyderabad district (12 thousand MTs) and Rangareddy district (21 thousand MTs) The indigenous cow milk production in summer season was 311 thousand MTs, in rainy 73

34 season 307 thousand MTs and in winter season 411 thousand MTs out of the total production of 1030 thousand MTs of Indigenous cow milk in A.P. District-wise data shows that in the indigenous cow milk production was high (151 thousand MTs) in Chittor district followed by Adilabad district (82 thousand MTs) and Srikakulam district (72 thousand MTs). While the indigenous cow milk production was low in Hyderabad district (4 thousand MTs) followed by Nellore district (10 thousand MTs) and Kadapa district (15 thousand MTs). The total cow milk production was high (646 thousand MTs) in Chittor district followed by Srikakulam district (202 thousand MTs) and East Godavari district (188 thousand MTs). In A.P the total cow milk production was 2827 thousand MTs. Out of this 1798 thousand MTs (67.60%) from CB and remaining 1030 thousand MTs from Indigenous cows. District-Wise Buffalo Milk Production Table 2.18 shows district- wise, breed-wise and season-wise buffalo milk Production in Andhra Pradesh for In A.P. Murrah buffalo milk production was estimated at 4011 thousand MTs in Season-wise data reveals that the milk production in winter season is high compared to that of summer and rainy seasons. For instance the Murrah buffalo milk production in summer season was 985 thousand MTs, in rainy season 1286 thousand MTs and in winter season 1740 thousand MTs. Districtwise data reveals that in the Murrah buffalo milk production was high (539 thousand MTs) in Krishna district followed by Guntur district (441 thousand MTs) and Prakasam district (366 thousand MTs). While the Murrah buffalo milk production was very low in Nizamabad district (39 thousand MTs) followed by Adilabad district (42 thousand MTs), Hyderabad district and Srikakulam district (46 thousand MTs each). 74

35 District Table 2.18 District -Wise Breed-Wise and Season-Wise Buffalo Milk Production Graded Murrah (In 000MTs) Indigenous Summer Rainy Winter Total Summer Rainy Winter Total Grand total Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda Total Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P & In A.P indigenous buffalo milk production was estimated at 3590 thousand MTs in Season-wise data indicates that the indigenous buffalo milk production in summer season was 1016 thousand MTs, in rainy season 1080 thousand MTs and in winter season 1493 thousand MTs out of the total buffalo milk production of 3590 thousand MTs in A.P. District-wise data reveals that in the indigenous buffalo milk production was high (368 thousand MTs) in Prakasam district, while the indigenous buffalo milk production was very low (8 thousand MTs) in Hyderabad district. The total buffalo milk production was high (732 thousand MTs) in two districts i.e. Guntur and 75

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