Rice Insect Pest Management by Ecological Engineering in Farmers Fields in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. GS Arida, LV Marquez, BS Punzal and J Settele

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1 Rice Insect Pest Management by Ecological Engineering in Farmers Fields in Nueva Ecija, Philippines GS Arida, LV Marquez, BS Punzal and J Settele LEGATO Conference, Banaue, Philippines August 5-11, 2016

2 Farmers (%) CAR I II III IVA IVB V VI VII VIII IX X XII XIII ARMM FREQUENCY OF INSECTICIDE SPRAY Frequency of insecticide application of rice farmers in the Philippines Wet season and 2016 Dry.

3 Title of Study: Rice Insect Pest Management by Ecological Engineering in Farmers Fields in Nueva Ecija, Philippines Location of Study Farmers field in Munoz and Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija during the wet season of 2015 and dry season of Two fields in each site were selected, one close to flowering plants and the other without flowering plants.

4 Plant Nursery

5 Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija

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9 With Flowering Plants No Flowering Plants

10 Blower vac-suction and sweep net were used for sampling arthropods. Ten samples were collected by blow-vac suction machine and ten sweeps using sweep net along a diagonal line per field replicated 4 times per field during tillering, maximum tillering and booting stages.

11 Yellow sticky traps were installed at 30, 45 and 60 DAT and collected 3 days after installation. Four traps were installed per field.

12 All the arthropods collected in the blow-vac suction machine, sweep net and sticky traps were identified and counted in the laboratory.

13 Damage due to defoliators was recorded at 60 day safter transplanting in 10 randomly selected hills and replicated 4 times. Rice leaffolder

14 Stem borer damage (whitehead) was recorded in 10 randomly selected hills replicated 4 times at one week before harvest. Deadheart Whitehead

15 Herbivores Predators Parasitoids Herbivores Predators Parasitoids Herbivores Predators Parasitoids Herbivores Predators Parasitoids Herbivores Predators Parasitoids Herbvvores Predators Parasitoids Arthropods collected (No) Arthropods collected (No) With FP Without FP With FP Without FP Tillering Max. tillering Booting Crop Growth Stage Tillering Max. Tillering Booting Crop Growth Stage Population of important arthropod functional groups in fields with and without flowering plants (FP). Munoz, Nueva Ecija Wet season. Population of important arthropod groups in fields with and without flowering plants (FP).Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija Wet season.

16 Whotehead (%) Damaged leaves (%) 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 1,0 With FP TREATMENT 6,0 Without FP Damage (mean ±SE) due to stem borer one week before harvest rice field with and without lowering plants. Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija Wet season ,80 With FP TREATMENT 8,60 Without FP Damage (mean ±SE) due to defoliators at vegetative stage in rice fields with and without lowering plants. Munoz, Nueva Ecija. 2015Wet season

17 Whitehead (%) Damaged leaves (%) 10,00 9, ,00 7,00 6,00 6, ,60 5,00 4,00 3,00 3, ,80 2,00 1,00 2 0,00 With FP TREATMENT Without FP 0 With FP TREATMENT Without FP Damage (mean ±SE) due to stem borer one week before harvest in fields with and without lowering plants. Munoz, Nueva Ecija Wet season. Damage (mean ±SE) due to defoliators at vegetative stage in rice fields with and without lowering plants. Munoz, Nueva Ecija Wet season.

18 Parasitoids (No/trap) Parasitoids (No/trap) With FP Without FP With FP Without FP Tillering Max.tillering Booting Crop growth stage 0 Tillering Max. tillering Booting Crop growth stage Number of parasitoids recorded at different crop growth stages in fields with and without flowering plants (FP). Munoz, Nueva Ecija Wet season. Number of parasitoids recorded at different crop growth stages in fields with and without flowering plants (FP). Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija Wet season.

19 Damaged leaves (%) Whitehead (%) 10,0 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 With FP TREATMENT Damage (mean ±SE) due to defoliators during the vegetative stage in rice field with and without lowering plants. Munoz, Nueva Ecija Dry season. Without FP 10,0 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 With FP TREATMENT Without FP Damage (mean ±SE) due to stem borer one week before harvest in rice field with and without lowering plants. Munoz, Nueva Ecija Dry season.

20 Whitehead (%) Damaged leaves (%) 10,0 9,0 5,0 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 With FP TREATMENT Without FP 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 With FP TREATMENT Without FP Damage (mean ±SE) due to stem borer one week before harvest in rice fields with and without lowering plants. Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija Dry season. Damage (mean ±SE) due to defoliators during the vegetative stage in rice fields with and without lowering plants. Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija Dry season.

21 Parasitoid (No/trap) Parasitoids (No./trap) Anagrus Gonatocerus Anagrus Gonatocerus With FP Without FP With FP Without FP With FP Without FP With FP Without FP Crop age (DT) Crop age (DT) Number of rice plant and leafhopper parasitoids recorded in yellow sticky traps in fields with and without flowering plants. Munoz, Nueva Ecija Dry season. Number of rice plant and leafhopper parasitoids recorded in yellow sticky traps in fields with and without flowering plants. Sto. Domingo, Nueva Ecija Dry season.

22 Results indicated that ecological engineering offers immense opportunities to rice insect pest management using non-chemical methods leading to economic, health and environmental benefits. This practice increased biodiversity in the ecosystem, significantly increased biological control of rice pests, provided stability in the ecosystem, lower incidence of damage caused by defoliators and rice stem borer in the rice fields and in effect with low vulnerability for pest outbreaks.

23 Ecological engineering (EE) will compliment Integrated Pest management (IPM) programs currently implemented in tropical rice by improving the efficacy of beneficial organisms to reduce reliance on pesticides. In addition, EE will address our concern on production cost, health and safety of farmers and consumers, the environment, and ecological stability and sustainability.

24 Field Days at the Central Experiment Station and PhilRice Branch Stations and Lectures in 2015

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31 Lectures delivered on Ecological Engineering Approach for Pest Management (Wet season, 2015) Re-tooling of extension workers in several provinces through the Agricultural Training Institute (ATI) and the Regional Crop Protection Center (RCPC) of the Department of Agriculture (DA) National Training and Assessment of Crop Health October 19-22, 2015 Delivered Lecture on Ecological Engineering Approach for Pest management attended by participants from DA-RFO from Regions 1-13, Cordillera Autonomous Region (CAR), and Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) Diversion 21 Hotel, Iloilo City. Lecture on Ecological Engineering Approach for Pest management September 7, 2015 Pioneer seeds Company

32 Updates on Rice Pest Surveillance Orchid Hotel, Manila Attended by the Regional Crop Protection Center Staff (all regions) of the Department of Agriculture. September 23-25, Five day Specialized Training Course and Symposium of Regional, Provincial, Municipal Crop Protection Officers/IPM Coordinators. November 04, 2015 (Tarlac province) November 11, 2015 (Bulacan province November 18, 2015 (Nueva Ecija province) November 25, 2015 (Pampanga and Zambales) December 02, 2015(Bataan province) RCPC III Auditorium, Maligaya, Munoz, Nueva Ecija Farmer Field School (FFS) and Techno Demo Coordinators Congress (November 26-27, 2015) Hotel Stotsenberg, Clarkfield, Pampanga

33 Thank you